EP0767356A1 - Drallabbremsende Mittel für ein Trägermunitionsubgeschoss - Google Patents

Drallabbremsende Mittel für ein Trägermunitionsubgeschoss Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0767356A1
EP0767356A1 EP96401987A EP96401987A EP0767356A1 EP 0767356 A1 EP0767356 A1 EP 0767356A1 EP 96401987 A EP96401987 A EP 96401987A EP 96401987 A EP96401987 A EP 96401987A EP 0767356 A1 EP0767356 A1 EP 0767356A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
submunition
shell
base
braking system
airbrakes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96401987A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0767356B1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Thomas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
Original Assignee
Giat Industries SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giat Industries SA filed Critical Giat Industries SA
Publication of EP0767356A1 publication Critical patent/EP0767356A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0767356B1 publication Critical patent/EP0767356B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/60—Steering arrangements
    • F42B10/62—Steering by movement of flight surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/32—Range-reducing or range-increasing arrangements; Fall-retarding means
    • F42B10/48—Range-reducing, destabilising or braking arrangements, e.g. impact-braking arrangements; Fall-retarding means, e.g. balloons, rockets for braking or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/54—Spin braking means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improvement made to an aerodynamic braking system of a submunition ejected from a cargo shell while being driven in a rotational movement, the braking system comprising several articulated air brakes which are attached around the body of the submunition and intended to deploy after the ejection of the submunition.
  • a cargo munition which is fired by the cannon of a field artillery, consists of a large caliber shell containing a payload which is released at a point in the trajectory of the shell.
  • the payload can be an illuminating load or consist of one or more submunitions.
  • a cargo ammunition of this type is notably described in document FR-A-2 363 077, this ammunition comprising a shell formed by a casing closed at its front end by a warhead and at its rear end by a base, this base being connected to the envelope by means of a mechanical connection intended to break when the shell was unloaded.
  • the cargo shell is generally fired from a barrel with a rifled tube to impart to the shell a very rapid rotational movement intended to stabilize it on its trajectory. Under these conditions, when the shell is unloaded, the payload is ejected while also being driven by a rapid rotational movement.
  • new generation submunitions carry target detectors and / or navigation systems, the operation of which is based on a low rotational speed of the submunitions after their ejection.
  • the submunitions are equipped with a braking system constituted by articulated airbrakes which are attached around the body of the submunition and intended to deploy after the ejection of the submunition to slow down its movement of rotation.
  • these submunitions are more and more bulky because of the large number of components they contain, which requires a reduction in the thickness of the shell of the shell, thus resulting in a reduction in its resistance.
  • the stripping system used is necessarily at low pressure so as not to damage the shell of the shell and the systems on board in the submunitions.
  • the submunition or munitions which are placed inside the shell are in particular subjected to centrifugal forces which tend to spread the airbrakes by pressing them against the wall of the envelope or of the base. This results in an adhesion or friction force which will then oppose the ejection force produced by the stripping system to eject the base and the submunitions. This can cause malfunctions, especially when the unloading system is at low pressure.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks by providing an improvement to an aerodynamic braking system of the aforementioned type, an improvement which is characterized in that the braking system also comprises a device for holding the airbrakes in their folded position at l inside the shell, holding device which is released following the ejection of the submunition to allow the opening of the air brakes outside the shell of the shell, the holding device consisting of bars or legs interposed between the airbrakes and the shell or the shell of the shell, these legs being integral with a support attached against an end face of the submunition.
  • the support of the holding device is constituted by a cup, and the tabs are connected, by one end, to the periphery of the cup, extending on the same side thereof as follows. a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane of the cup.
  • the legs are for example angularly regularly spaced around the cup, and their number is such that at least one leg is associated with an airbrake.
  • the legs have come from the same piece as the cup or are fixed to the latter by a welding or gluing operation.
  • the legs may advantageously be cylindrical pins.
  • the effects of centrifugal force are significantly reduced due to a significant reduction in the contact surface between the braking system and the shell, this contact surface being limited to the legs of the holding device, and, once the submunition is ejected from the shell, the centrifugal force can then be exerted on the legs holding device to move them away from the submunition and allow the airbrakes to open.
  • the shell of the shell is arranged to receive in part the body of a submunition and the airbrakes of the submunition come to be located opposite the side wall of the shell, the shell assembly and submunition is ejected from the shell of the shell as a result of the actuation of the stripping system, known per se.
  • a connecting element is fixed to the device for holding the airbrakes of the submunition on the one hand and to the shell of the shell on the other hand, this connecting device being constituted by a drop-down means, such as a cable or a chain for example, to release the tabs from the notches or holes in the submunition, once the base itself has been released from the submunition, and allow the opening of the airbrakes under the action of centrifugal force.
  • the effects of the centrifugal force are notably reduced as a result of a significant reduction in the contact surface between the braking system and the shell base, this contact surface being limited to the legs of the maintenance, which facilitates the separation of the base from the submunition.
  • the holding device makes it possible to retain the airbrakes of a submunition in their folded position during the interior and exterior ballistic phases of the shell and this, as long as the submunition n is not ejected from the shell of the shell.
  • the friction forces between the braking system and the shell or the shell of the shell, which result from the centrifugal force, are considerably reduced as a result of a significant reduction in the surfaces of contact.
  • a device for maintaining the airbrakes of a submunition can be envisaged independently of the number of submunitions on board the cargo shell.
  • the holding device is of a simple structure and easy to implement for a reduced manufacturing cost.
  • the cargo shell 1 illustrated in FIG. 1 comprises an envelope 2, the front part of which is closed by a warhead 4 and the rear part of which is closed by a base 5.
  • the base 5 is connected to the envelope 2 by means of a mechanical link (not shown) intended to break when the shell 1 was unloaded.
  • connection is for example obtained by freely engaging the base 5 in the casing 2 and retaining it axially by fixing means having a break point such as screws or pins.
  • the shell 2 of shell 1 contains one or more submunitions 7 which are ejected when the shell 1 is unloaded, that is to say after the separation between shell 2 and base 5 which is caused by a stripping system known per se.
  • a belt 9 fixed around the envelope 2 is intended to take the scratches from the barrel launching tube which pulls the shell 1 to impart to the latter a rapid rotational movement intended to stabilize it on its trajectory.
  • the submunitions 7 which are also driven in rotation by the shell or the shell of the shell, for example by keys, are consequently ejected while being animated by a rapid rotational movement and, for the reasons explained in preamble, this speed is reduced by means of a braking system constituted by airbrakes 10 which deploy automatically after the ejection of the submunitions.
  • an air brake 10 is for example constituted by a blade 12 mounted articulated on the body of the submunition 7.
  • the blade 12 is shaped with a radius of curvature such that it can match the shape of the body of the submunition 7.
  • Several airbrakes 10, four in number for example, are thus distributed around the body of the submunition 7.
  • the blades 12 conform to the shape of the body of the submunition 7 and the airbrakes 10 are in a folded position between the body of the submunition 7 and either inner wall of the envelope 2, or the inner wall of the base 5, as will be explained below.
  • a holding device 15 is used to retain the airbrakes 10 in their folded position inside the shell 1 to avoid the effects of centrifugal force resulting from the rotational movement imparted to the shell 1 from the cannon shot. In fact, the centrifugal force tends to spread the airbrakes 10 to press them against the casing 2 or the base 5 until the shell 1 is unloaded.
  • the holding system 15 consists of a set of lugs or bars 20 which are interposed between the airbrakes 10 and the internal wall of the casing 2 or of the base 5.
  • the lugs 20 are integral with a support 22 which is simply fitted against an end face or rear end face of the submunition 7.
  • the support 22 is constituted by a cup 23.
  • the tabs 20 are connected by one end to the periphery of the cup 23, so as to extend substantially perpendicular to the cup 23 and on the same side of it.
  • the tabs 20 delimit between them a cylinder and extend along the generatrices of this cylinder.
  • the tabs 20 may have come in one piece with the cup 23 or be fixed to the latter by a bonding or welding operation.
  • the base 5 of the shell 1 can be arranged, in particular as regards the axial length of its cylindrical side wall 5a, to receive the rear part of the submunition. Under these conditions, once the submunition has been placed in the shell 1, the airbrakes 10 will be located opposite the side wall 5a of the base 5.
  • a connecting means 25 is provided between the holding device 15 and the base 5.
  • this means is unrollable and consists of a cable or a chain 27 whose two free ends are respectively connected to the cup 23 and at the bottom of the base 5.
  • the cup 23 advantageously has a rounded shape to delimit a space intended to receive the cable 27.
  • Shell 1 is fired while being rotated at high speed.
  • the submunition 7 which is rotated by the shell 1 is therefore subjected to the action of centrifugal force which should have the effect of pressing the tabs 20 against the side wall 5a of the base 5 while eliminating the initial play e .
  • the centrifugal force can at most only cause bending of the legs 20, so that only the central part of the legs 20 is capable of coming into contact with the side wall 5a of the base 5.
  • This contact surface can moreover be limited to the minimum with cylindrical legs 20. The frictional forces which result from this contact are therefore considerably reduced because, without the presence of these lugs 20, the blades 12 of the airbrakes 10 would come directly into contact with the side wall 5a of the base 5 on a significantly larger surface.
  • the unloading of shell 1 will then take place at a point in its trajectory following the actuation of a unloading system known per se.
  • This system is for example constituted by a gas-generating pyrotechnic composition which is mounted in the warhead 4 and by a chronometric initiation rocket. After initiation of the pyrotechnic composition, the pressure of the gases resulting from the combustion is applied to the front end face of the submunition 7 by means of a piston until the breaking of the mechanical connection between the envelope 2 and base 5.
  • the assembly consisting of the base 5 and the submunition 7 ejects out of the casing 2 while also being driven by a rapid rotational movement.
  • the aerodynamic forces which are then applied to the base 5, in particular on the free end face of its side wall 5a which is no longer in abutment against an associated shoulder of the submunition 7, and the relaxation of the Belleville washer 29 cause the base 5 of the submunition to separate 7. This separation is carried out all the more easily when the friction forces of the tabs 20 on the side wall 5a of the base 5 are reduced.
  • the airbrakes although released from the envelope 2 are still retained in their folded position by the holding device 15.
  • the cable 27 is stretched and consequently pulls on the holding device 15, which has the effect of releasing the tabs 20 from the notches 24 of the submunition 7.
  • the device holding 15 is thus released from the submunition 7 with the legs 20 which, under the action of centrifugal force, move apart to allow the opening or deployment of the airbrakes 10 in order to slow down the rotational movement of the under -ammunition.
  • the airbrakes 10 of a submunition 7 can also be retained in their folded position until the ejection of the submunition 7 by means of a holding device 15 similar to that previously described.
  • the centrifugal force resulting from the rotation of the shell and the submunitions from the moment of the cannon shot will also have the effect of pressing the legs 20 against the envelope 2 but on a surface limited contact, which reduces the friction forces which will then oppose the action of the unloading system.
  • the rise in pressure of the gases generated by the combustion of the pyrotechnic composition causes the mechanical connection between the casing 2 and the base 5 to break.
  • the base 5 is released from the envelope 2 then is ejected, and the submunition 7 in turn comes out of envelope 2 under the thrust of the gases.
  • the centrifugal force acts first on the legs 20 by moving them away from the body of the submunition 7 in order to disengage them from the airbrakes 10, and then on the airbrakes 10 themselves who go then open or deploy to slow down the rotational movement of the submunition 7.
  • the cup 23 of the holding device 15 is pierced with a central opening 30.
  • Figures 8 and 9 show a holding device according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • the holding tabs 20 are formed by cylindrical pins, regularly distributed angularly and fixed by welding to the cup 23.
  • Each pin enters a hole 24 arranged on the body of the submunition 7.
  • This embodiment has the advantage of being simple to manufacture.
  • the support provided by the pins is more rigid than that allowed by thin legs and it also makes it possible to further reduce friction. Indeed, the contact between the pins and, on the one hand the airbrakes 10, and on the other hand the internal wall of the casing or of the base takes place along a reduced surface which is that of the generators of the pins.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
EP19960401987 1995-10-06 1996-09-19 Drallabbremsende Mittel für ein Trägermunitionsubgeschoss Expired - Lifetime EP0767356B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9511773 1995-10-06
FR9511773A FR2739682B1 (fr) 1995-10-06 1995-10-06 Perfectionnement apporte a un systeme de freinage aerodynamique d'une sous-munition ejectee d'un obus cargo en etant animee d'un mouvement de rotation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0767356A1 true EP0767356A1 (de) 1997-04-09
EP0767356B1 EP0767356B1 (de) 2000-01-19

Family

ID=9483317

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19960401987 Expired - Lifetime EP0767356B1 (de) 1995-10-06 1996-09-19 Drallabbremsende Mittel für ein Trägermunitionsubgeschoss

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0767356B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69606254T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2739682B1 (de)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0274579A1 (de) * 1986-12-18 1988-07-20 Rheinmetall GmbH Geschoss
EP0464589A1 (de) * 1990-07-02 1992-01-08 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Bodeneinsatz eines Projektils mit durch Luftwiderstandsbildung erhöhter Abtrennfähigkeit
EP0481795A1 (de) * 1990-10-19 1992-04-22 Gec-Marconi Limited Vom Flugzeug abzuwerfende Boje
FR2679641A1 (fr) * 1991-07-25 1993-01-29 Rheinmetall Gmbh Dispositif destine a reduire la vitesse d'une sous-munition.

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0274579A1 (de) * 1986-12-18 1988-07-20 Rheinmetall GmbH Geschoss
EP0464589A1 (de) * 1990-07-02 1992-01-08 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Bodeneinsatz eines Projektils mit durch Luftwiderstandsbildung erhöhter Abtrennfähigkeit
EP0481795A1 (de) * 1990-10-19 1992-04-22 Gec-Marconi Limited Vom Flugzeug abzuwerfende Boje
FR2679641A1 (fr) * 1991-07-25 1993-01-29 Rheinmetall Gmbh Dispositif destine a reduire la vitesse d'une sous-munition.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69606254T2 (de) 2000-05-18
FR2739682A1 (fr) 1997-04-11
DE69606254D1 (de) 2000-02-24
EP0767356B1 (de) 2000-01-19
FR2739682B1 (fr) 1997-12-05

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