EP0323788B1 - Projektil mit Unter-Munitionen - Google Patents

Projektil mit Unter-Munitionen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0323788B1
EP0323788B1 EP88403368A EP88403368A EP0323788B1 EP 0323788 B1 EP0323788 B1 EP 0323788B1 EP 88403368 A EP88403368 A EP 88403368A EP 88403368 A EP88403368 A EP 88403368A EP 0323788 B1 EP0323788 B1 EP 0323788B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
submunitions
accordance
charges
detonator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88403368A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0323788A1 (de
Inventor
Régis Aumasson
Eric Barthelemy
Claude Boutet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
Original Assignee
Giat Industries SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giat Industries SA filed Critical Giat Industries SA
Priority to AT88403368T priority Critical patent/ATE87735T1/de
Publication of EP0323788A1 publication Critical patent/EP0323788A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0323788B1 publication Critical patent/EP0323788B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
    • F42B12/58—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles
    • F42B12/62—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles the submissiles being ejected parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a projectile, in particular a shell, which can be gyrostabilized on its trajectory, and which is arranged to disperse along this trajectory, or a predetermined location thereof, of the submunitions or of the subassemblies constituting a payload.
  • This type of shell is commonly called a cargo shell.
  • the invention particularly relates to an explosive shell of this type.
  • Stripping by the warhead causes significant braking of the projectile, which causes a poor dispersion of the annoying submunitions to obtain for example the mining of a large area of land.
  • the patent FR-A-2558585 shows the theoretical concept of an anti-tank shell having submunitions of caliber which are releasable. Mention is made, for example only, of separation by means of a gas generator housed between two submunitions. But it should be emphasized that the schematic illustration of this concept shows two juxtaposed and perfectly contiguous submunitions, without giving any instruction on the realization of the means of securing and separation of these two submunitions, which we are not concerned with. 'elsewhere not of the dispersion. This document corresponds to the preamble of claim 1.
  • US-A-3,980,019 describes an airborne bomb and not a projectile subjected at the start to a strong acceleration. This bomb has two operating modes either to disperse submunitions or to detonate the whole. The dispersal of the submunitions is obtained using a single rocket simultaneously controlling the initiation of four lines cutting the shell of the bomb and an axial line which initiates the charges of dispersing the submunitions .
  • GB-A-2,086,549 describes a dispersal tube for submunitions, for example mines or grenades. A single charge acts on a thrust disc to eject all of the charges from the tube.
  • the present invention overcomes the drawbacks noted above by proposing a projectile, in particular a shell, comprising several sub-projectiles or submunitions of caliber, the separation and dispersion of which are rigorously controlled and reproducible.
  • An object of the invention is to provide separation means such that the initial speed of the submunitions, as soon as they separate, is little different from the speed of the cargo projectile itself, then leading to a trajectory which ensures good dispersion of these subsets.
  • the invention relates to a projectile, in particular a shell, comprising sub-assemblies constituting a payload or submunitions, axially superimposed, sized to the caliber of the projectile, separable and dispersible on the trajectory of the projectile under the effect of gas generating stripping charges, characterized in that the gas generating charges are arranged between each of the sub-assemblies or submunitions and connected to a single control means by detonating cords and in that each of the gas generating charges is placed in a containment chamber which is delimited by two flanges secured to the ends of the adjacent sub-assemblies or submunitions, and which comprises means for sealing against the gases generated.
  • the means for securing the stacked submunitions are broken apart by explosive stripping charges, controlled for example by the only rocket of the projectile, and each connected to this control means by a detonating pyrotechnic cord.
  • the adaptation of the length of these strings then allows a separation slightly spread out along the axis of the projectile, to improve the dispersion of the sub-assemblies.
  • the detonating cords used known in themselves, consist of plastic sheaths enclosing traces of explosives, and therefore have the sole function of transmitting a shock wave. They have the advantage of being insensitive to acceleration and centrifugal force.
  • the projectile has a detonating cord penetrating into at least one confinement chamber, in a substantially axial manner, the sealing device being constituted on the one hand by an O-ring, resting on the two flanges, and on the other by a cable gland resting on the end of the detonating cord.
  • the projectile has a detonating cord penetrating into a confinement chamber, in a substantially radial manner, the sealing device being constituted by a deformable annular seal with oblique sides, which is crossed by the detonating cord, and which cooperates with fitted conical surfaces. on the flanges.
  • the projectile has a detonating cord penetrating into a confinement chamber, in a substantially radial manner, the sealing device comprising on the one hand a cover, traversed by the detonating cord, able to move under the effect of the pressure of the gases. so as to section the cord and to come into contact at the level of a conical surface with flanges, and on the other hand an O-ring bearing on the cover and the other flange.
  • the projectile according to the invention allows to implement very small quantities of stripping composition, which also contributes to the aims stated above, namely improving the dispersion by reducing the speed difference between the projectile and each of the submunitions.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show a cargo shell which comprises, in known manner, a warhead rocket 10, and a cylindrical body consisting, in this example, of three sections or submunitions 11, 12 and 13, and closed by a hollow base 14.
  • the submunitions are identical here and comprise, in a known manner, an explosive charge 15 initiated by a central ignition 16 connected by a detonating cord 17 to an armament security device 18. Each submunition is therefore autonomous after its separation and its release as explained below. These explosive pots are initiated and explode upon their arrival on the ground; they improve, by their dispersion, the destructive efficiency compared to a conventional explosive shell.
  • the bodies of the three submunitions 11, 12, 13, which are here explosive pots, have a common diameter which therefore constitutes the caliber of the cargo shell, and participate in the stiffening of the assembly.
  • FIGS 1 and 2 show for example the joining of the sections 12 and 13, in rotation by longitudinal keys 20 (here eight in number regularly distributed around the periphery of the sections), and in translation by radial pins 21, (here four in number per link). It should be noted that the separation of the sub-assemblies is facilitated by this structure: the keys slide in their housings, while the pins preferably have a low shear strength.
  • Each submunition is closed at its ends by two flanges, one 22 of the front type, the other 23 of the rear type, the end submunitions 11 and 13 being respectively closed by a specific flange before 24 which comes cooperate with the rear end 25 of the warhead 10, and by the base 14 of the projectile.
  • Each flange is made integral with its submunition by thread.
  • the front flange 22 is preferably its submunition fixed by pins 26.
  • FIG. 1 therefore shows three confinement chambers 28, 29, 30, two of which are delimited by each of the flanges 22 and 23, and the other 30 by the flange 24 and the connecting element 25, forming the rear end of the warhead 10.
  • the payload consists here of three explosive pots, each pot 15 serving as a submunition or sub-assembly at the level of a section, housed between two flanges.
  • the pots are linked in translation to the body of the shell by the flanges themselves, and in rotation by threading. The explosive is stuck to the pot.
  • the length of the three detonating cords is different and chosen to obtain a separation slightly stepped along the axis of the projectile, the rear submunition being for example released first.
  • the detonating cords 32 are wound together and embedded in a resin 32a at the level of the warhead, that is to say between the warhead rocket and the front confinement chamber, such a winding making it possible to play on the respective lengths of the different cords to adjust the instants of ignition of the gas-generating charges, and their modulation over time.
  • Figures 3 to 5 show various alternative embodiments of the sealed containment chambers containing the gas-generating stripping charges and means for securing the submunitions to each other.
  • Figure 3 shows two submunitions 11 and 12 consisting of explosive pots.
  • the section 11, located towards the front of the projectile, is closed at its rear end by screwing a flange 23, forming a cover and is therefore driven in rotation by the direction of the helix of the thread.
  • the section 12 is closed at its front end by a flange 22, also having a flange to cooperate with the flange 23 to delimit a confinement chamber 30.
  • the flange 22 and 23 are centered relative to each other by a pin 34 threaded into lug wrench holes in the flange 23.
  • Each flange is connected by thread to the section 11 or 12, and locked in rotation by a tongue.
  • the unloading charge 31 is fixed to the center of the cylindrical chamber 30.
  • a relay 35 connected to the detonating cord 32 which opens axially in the center of the chamber through an orifice 36 formed in the center of the flange 22, closed by a cable gland 37 having a seal 37a.
  • the seal is further completed by an O-ring 38 housed between the nested edges of the flanges.
  • the detonating cord is kept embedded in resin 39, and pressed against the flange 22 by a thin sheet of aluminum 40 bonded to the flange 22, in particular to avoid tearing the cord during the acceleration phase when the shot starts.
  • the arrival of the detonating cord at the center of the unloading charge facilitates its ignition, and avoids a sealing device on the cord itself.
  • the pressure builds up, the maximum quantity of gas is then kept in the confinement chamber, of reduced volume, in order to improve the separation effort.
  • the flange 22, which has a simplified embodiment, is separated from the flange 23 by translation, after shearing of the pins 21 and sliding of the keys 20. This embodiment is particularly suitable for securing the head sub-assembly with the warhead.
  • FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment in which the detonating cord 32 opens radially onto the unloading charge 31 via a relay 35.
  • the two flanges 22 and 23 have two conical surfaces 22a and 23a on which comes to bear a joint 41 with oblique sides.
  • the detonating cord is wedged by a rubber seat 42 positioned and glued to the flange 22. The latter is secured in rotation by a tongue 43.
  • the seal 41 is fixed by three rubber pins 41a engaging in corresponding holes made in the flange 22.
  • the gas pressure crushes the seal 41 on its bearing surfaces and closes the passage in the joint of the detonating cord which is then crushed between the flange 22 and the seal 41.
  • the flanges are separated by separation.
  • FIG. 5 shows a third alternative embodiment of the means for separating two adjacent submunitions 11 and 12.
  • the flanges 22 and 23 are always joined, by threading respectively to the submunitions 11 and 12.
  • a cover 45 is fitted on the full flange 22 and retained by a radial pin 44, to delimit with it the confinement chamber 28.
  • the detonating cord 32 opens radially onto the central unloading charge 31 which can for example be a powder capsule black, being wedged by a staff 42 in rubber bonded to the flange 22, but passing through the edge of the cover 45 through an orifice 46.
  • the edge of the flange 23 ends in an annular conical stop 47.
  • a seal 48 seals at the centering of the flange 22 and its cover.
  • the flange 22 is locked in rotation on the body of the explosive container 12 by a tongue 49 to take account of the direction of the thread.
  • the flange 23 and its cover 45 are secured in rotation by the pin 44.
  • the flange 23 is secured to the pot 11 by screwing.
  • the exemplary embodiments of the gas separation and confinement means illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5 are preferably used at the level of the central or rear sub-assemblies or submunitions of the complete projectile.
  • a staging of the partitions makes it possible to distribute the three pots even more widely, further increasing the efficiency of the shell.
  • the invention described here with a payload consisting of explosive pots intended to be initiated, at the center of the explosive charge, and to explode upon their arrival on the ground, therefore makes it possible to obtain a destructive efficiency greater than that obtained with an explosive shell. conventional.
  • the link-section link mode is chosen so as to allow the separation of these two elements.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Seal Device For Vehicle (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Projektil, insbesondere eine Granate, mit Untereinheiten (11, 12, 13), die eine Nutzlast oder Untermunitionen bilden, die axial übereinanderliegen, nach dem Kaliber des Projektils dimensioniert und lösbar sind sowie unter der Wirkung von gasentwickelnden Entleerungsladungen (39) gestreut werden können, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die gasentwickelnden Ladungen jeweils zwischen den Untereinheiten oder Untermunitionen angeordnet und durch Detonationszündschnüre (32) mit einer einzigen Steuereinrichtung (33) verbunden sind, und daß jede der gasentwickelnden Ladungen in einer Begrenzungskammer (28, 29, 30) sitzt, die durch zwei feste Flansche (22, 23, 24) der Enden der nebeneinanderliegenden Untereinheiten oder Untermunitionen abgegrenzt ist und Dichtungsmittel für die erzeugten Gase aufweist.
  2. Projektil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es wenigstens eine Detonationsszündschnur (32) aufweist, die im wesentlichen axial in wenigstens eine Begrenzungskammer (30) eindringt, wobei die Dichtungseinrichtung einerseits durch einen Rundring (38) gebildet wird, der sich an den zwei Flanschen abstützt, und andererseits durch eine Stopfbüchse (37), die sich am Ende der Detonationszündschnur abstützt.
  3. Projektil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es wenigstens eine Detonationszündschnur (32) aufweist, die im wesentlichen radial in eine Begrenzungskammer (28) eindringt, wobei die Dichtungseinrichtung durch eine verformbare, ringförmige Dichtung (41) mit schrägen Flanken gebildet ist, die von der Detonationszündschnur durchquert wird und mit an den Flanschen (22, 23) vorgesehenen, kegelförmigen Lagerflächen (22a, 23a) zusammenwirkt.
  4. Projektil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es wenigstens eine Detonationszündschnur (32) aufweist, die im wesentlichen radial in eine Begrenzungskammer (28) eindringt, wobei die Dichtungseinrichtung einerseits einen Deckel (45) aufweist, der von der Detonationszündschnur durchquert wird und sich unter der Wirkung des Gasdrucks so verschieben kann, daß er die Zündschnur unterteilt und auf Höhe einer kegelformigen Lagerfläche (47) mit einem der Flansche in Kontakt gelangt, und andererseits einen Rundring (48), der sich an dem Deckel und dem anderen Flansch abstützt.
  5. Projektil nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es ein Dämpfungsmittel (39, 42) zwischen der Detonationszündschnur (32) und einem Flansch (22) aufweist.
  6. Projektil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Untereinheiten oder Untermunitionen paarweise durch Längskeile (20) drehbefestigt und durch radiale Stifte (21) verschiebungsbefestigt sind.
  7. Projektil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuereinrichtung für die gasentwikkelnden Ladungen (31) ein Geschoßspitzenzünder (33) des Projektils ist.
  8. Projektil nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Detonationszündschnüre variable Längen für die Modulation der zeitlichen Staffelung der Zündung der gasentwickelnden Ladungen aufweisen.
EP88403368A 1988-01-07 1988-12-30 Projektil mit Unter-Munitionen Expired - Lifetime EP0323788B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88403368T ATE87735T1 (de) 1988-01-07 1988-12-30 Projektil mit unter-munitionen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8800077 1988-01-07
FR8800077A FR2625802B1 (fr) 1988-01-07 1988-01-07 Projectile comprenant des sous-munitions

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0323788A1 EP0323788A1 (de) 1989-07-12
EP0323788B1 true EP0323788B1 (de) 1993-03-31

Family

ID=9362100

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88403368A Expired - Lifetime EP0323788B1 (de) 1988-01-07 1988-12-30 Projektil mit Unter-Munitionen

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0323788B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE87735T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3879918T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2625802B1 (de)
NO (1) NO170701C (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2656081B1 (fr) * 1989-12-19 1992-02-28 Thomson Brandt Armements Enveloppe peripherique pour une munition guidee tiree par effet canon.
DE4123649C2 (de) * 1991-07-17 1993-11-11 Rheinmetall Gmbh Ausstoßvorrichtung
DE10320731B4 (de) * 2003-05-08 2005-07-21 Nico-Pyrotechnik Hanns-Jürgen Diederichs GmbH & Co. KG Schnellfeuerwaffe

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3980019A (en) * 1970-04-30 1976-09-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Adaptive ordnance system
US4026188A (en) * 1975-12-24 1977-05-31 Sanders Associates, Inc. Modular buoy system
US4164887A (en) * 1978-01-03 1979-08-21 Raytheon Company Multiple buoy launcher
DE3041149C2 (de) * 1980-10-31 1986-10-02 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Verkabelung von Submunition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO170701C (no) 1992-11-18
ATE87735T1 (de) 1993-04-15
NO170701B (no) 1992-08-10
FR2625802B1 (fr) 1990-05-25
EP0323788A1 (de) 1989-07-12
NO890072D0 (no) 1989-01-06
DE3879918T2 (de) 1993-07-22
FR2625802A1 (fr) 1989-07-13
NO890072L (no) 1989-07-10
DE3879918D1 (de) 1993-05-06

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