EP0193427B1 - Gefechtskopf mit hintereinanderliegenden Hohlladungen - Google Patents

Gefechtskopf mit hintereinanderliegenden Hohlladungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0193427B1
EP0193427B1 EP86400159A EP86400159A EP0193427B1 EP 0193427 B1 EP0193427 B1 EP 0193427B1 EP 86400159 A EP86400159 A EP 86400159A EP 86400159 A EP86400159 A EP 86400159A EP 0193427 B1 EP0193427 B1 EP 0193427B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
charge
caliber
warhead
explosive
liner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86400159A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0193427A1 (de
Inventor
Michel Durand
André Espagnacq
Alain Kerdraon
Michel Roumieux
Marie-Louise Riffault
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CESSIONE;GIAT INDUSTRIES
Original Assignee
Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Direction General pour lArmement DGA filed Critical Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Priority to AT86400159T priority Critical patent/ATE37951T1/de
Publication of EP0193427A1 publication Critical patent/EP0193427A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0193427B1 publication Critical patent/EP0193427B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B1/00—Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
    • F42B1/02—Shaped or hollow charges
    • F42B1/028—Shaped or hollow charges characterised by the form of the liner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/10—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
    • F42B12/16—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge in combination with an additional projectile or charge, acting successively on the target
    • F42B12/18—Hollow charges in tandem arrangement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a military head usable in particular in shells, rockets and missiles, for attacking battle tanks, whether their armor is simple, laminated, composite or active, that is to say exploding when a certain quantity of energy is supplied to it by a projectile.
  • This delay is necessary in order to operate the second charge only after destruction of the active protection and to avoid the catching of the first jet by the second, the optimal delay varying according, on the one hand, to the nature and the thickness of the constituent plates active armor and on the other hand the angle of incidence of the projectile on the target.
  • An increase in the delay can have many consequences which are as many disadvantages, namely, the increase of the optimal distance of action of the second explosive charge, the decrease in the speed of the projectile and the increase in the interactions between the two charges.
  • This weapon comprises a flat charge A, placed at the front part of the projectile and a hollow charge B of the same caliber placed in the axis and at the rear of the flat charge.
  • the hollow charge B is initiated after the charge A with a predetermined delay.
  • Such a military head applies to the perforation of simple, laminated, composite or active armor but, in the latter case, causes their initiation.
  • Patent FR-A-1 400 814 describes a military head according to the preamble of claim 1 and comprising two charges mounted in tandem.
  • the front charge which first explodes, has a cone-shaped rear surface intended, according to the principle of dead explosion angles, so as not to damage the rear charge after it explodes.
  • the technical effect produced resides in the creation, in the shielding of the target, of a hole of sufficiently large diameter to allow the projectile coming from the rear charge to penetrate there without being damaged. No dimensional indication is given.
  • US-A-3,128,701 describes a single charge usable in drilling oil wells without producing a residual jet.
  • a metal or a metal alloy with a low melting point associated with an explosive charge is used as a coating. It is not a projectile, but a charge that is fixed at the place of use.
  • Patent GB-A-1,500,681 describes a military head comprising two charges.
  • the rear load is a conventional hollow load and the front load is of the annular type, intended to generate significant rear effects by explosion or by production of hot gases.
  • the rear charge is first initiated, and generates a jet which passes through the annular charge and then pierces the armor of the target.
  • the front charge is then initiated and exerts its effects behind the target previously drilled. This structure is therefore very different from that of the military head according to the invention.
  • US-A-3,750,582 describes a military head similar to that of the previous English patent, in which the rear load 6 is first initiated and then the front load.
  • the front load is provided with a hole intended for the passage of the rear load jet.
  • these two loads are of the same caliber and no details are given on the average thickness of the coating of the front load.
  • the patent FR-A-2 443 506 describes a military head identical to that of the previous American patent where the rear load is initiated first and then the front load.
  • the front load is conventionally used as a booster to increase the terminal effect. It is only a question of reinforcing the perforating power of a jet of hollow charge. It is not the aim of the invention which aims to selectively perforate an active armor while avoiding its detonation.
  • the invention therefore aims to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks, by proposing a military head with shaped charges mounted in tandem and operating in sequence, in such a way that the head charge generates a jet capable of puncturing an active armor without initiating it, the second charge formed can then be initiated after a very short time, this short delay being necessary to avoid catching up of the jet generated by the first charge by the jet of the second charge, but which can be reduced to a minimum taking into account the non initiation of the active shielding.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a military head comprising a front formed charge and a rear formed charge mounted in tandem and operating in sequence, intended for the aggression of active armored targets, the front charge comprising a coating of revolution, the caliber of the front load being less than that of the rear load, characterized in that the size of the front load is between 25 and 70% of the size of the rear load, the covering of revolution having a ratio of height to the size between 0.15 and 1.5, an average thickness between 1 and 5% of its caliber and a density between 500 and 4,000 kg / m 3 , thus creating a kinetic energy jet of less than 200 kilojoules.
  • the front load is coated in one of the following group materials aluminum or magnesium alloys, glass, organic materials.
  • the front load comprises a conical coating of aluminum alloy with an angle at the top substantially equal to 70 °, the caliber of which is around 60% of that of the rear load and the average thickness of which is order of 3% of its caliber.
  • the front load comprises an aluminum alloy coating, of ellipsoidal shape, the ratio of the height to the caliber is equal to 1 and the average thickness of the order of 3.5% of its caliber .
  • This military head comprises an envelope 1 in which are placed two explosive charges 2 and 3 respectively called front charge and rear charge.
  • the front charge 2 the caliber of which is between 25 and 70% of the caliber of the rear charge, consists of an explosive mass 4 limited towards the front by a metallic coating 5, and comprising at the rear a device for priming 6 not shown in detail but known to those skilled in the art.
  • the geometric characteristics of the coating as well as the nature of the explosive constituting the front charge must be chosen so that the speed of the jet relative to the target is less than 8000 m / s and its kinetic energy is less than 200 kilojoules; this condition being necessary so that the explosive constituting the active armor cannot be initiated.
  • the rear charge is a high performance hollow charge, comprising a conical coating 7 with a closed angle and an explosive 8 which can be highly energetic.
  • This military head also includes a protective screen 9 whose function is to protect the rear load when the front load detonates.
  • a security and arming device 10 is disposed at the rear of the load 3 and transmits the initiation order to the front load via a detonating cord 11 which could, for example, be replaced by a line electric connected to the priming device 6.
  • the detection of the target can be achieved by any means known to those skilled in the art such as a close proximity rocket or by contact.
  • the operating delay between the front and rear loads can be achieved for example using a detonating cord winding, an electronic device or a pyrotechnic component with a delay of 150 microseconds.
  • a particular advantage of this invention lies in its adaptation to perforate active armor while offering a lighter military head, the inter-charge protection 9 being able to be reduced taking into account the very short initiation delay between the two charges.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Gefechtskopf bestehend aus einer vorderen Hohlladung (2) sowie aus einer hinteren Hohlladung (3), die hintereinander angeordnet sind und nacheinander gezündet werden, für den Angriff von Zielen mit aktiver Panzerung, wobei die vordere Ladung (2) mit einer Umdrehungs-Auskleidung (5) versehen und das Kaliber der vorderen Ladung (2) kleiner als dasjenige der hinteren Ladung (3) ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Kaliber der vorderen Ladung (2) zwischen 25 und 70 % des Kalibers der hinteren Ladung (3) entspricht, wobei die Umdrehungs-Auskleidung (5) ein Höhe/Kaliber-Verhältnis zwischen 0,15 und 1,5, eine mittlere Dicke zwischen 1 und 5 % des Kaliberwertes sowie eine Dichte zwischen 500 und 4000 kg/m3, zur Erzeugung eines kinetischen Energiestrahls von höchstens 200 kJ aufweist.
2. Gefechtskopf nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Auskleidung der vorderen Ladung aus einem der folgend angeführten Werkstoffe hergestellt ist Aluminium- oder Magnesium-Legierungen, Glas, organische Werkstoffe.
3. Gefechtskopf nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die vordere Ladung mit einer kegelförmigen Auskleidung (5) aus Aluminium-Legierung versehen ist, deren Kegelwinkel etwa 70° mißt, deren Kaliber etwa 60 % des Kalibers der hinteren Ladung entspricht und deren mittlere Dicke etwa 3 % des eigenen Kalibers entspricht.
4. Gefechtskopf nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die vordere Ladung (2) mit einer ellipsoidischen Auskleidung (5) aus Aluminium-Legierung versehen ist, deren Höhe/Kaliber-Verhältnis den Wert 1 gleicht und deren mittleren Dicke etwa 3,5 % des Kalibers entspricht.
5. Gefechtskopf nach einem beliebigen Anspruch 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sprengladung (4) der vorderen Ladung (2) aus einem Sprengstoff besteht, dessen Detonationsgeschwindigkeit niedriger als 8 000 m/s ist.
6. Gefechtskopf nach einem beliebigen Anspruch 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sprengladung (4) der vorderen Ladung (2) aus einer Sprengstoffgattung der Gruppe Trinitrotoluol, Baratol, Verbundsprengstoff besteht.
7. Gefechtskopf nach einem beliebigen Anspruch 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zündverzögerung zwischen der vorderen Ladung (2) und der hinteren Ladung (3) zwischen 100 und 300 Mikrosekunden liegt.
8. Gefechtskopf nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zündverzögerung zwischen der vorderen Ladung (2) und der hinteren Ladung (3) etwa 150 Mikrosekunden liegt.
EP86400159A 1985-01-31 1986-01-28 Gefechtskopf mit hintereinanderliegenden Hohlladungen Expired EP0193427B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86400159T ATE37951T1 (de) 1985-01-31 1986-01-28 Gefechtskopf mit hintereinanderliegenden hohlladungen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8501339 1985-01-31
FR8501339A FR2577037B1 (fr) 1985-01-31 1985-01-31 Tete militaire a charges formees montees en tandem

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0193427A1 EP0193427A1 (de) 1986-09-03
EP0193427B1 true EP0193427B1 (de) 1988-10-12

Family

ID=9315810

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86400159A Expired EP0193427B1 (de) 1985-01-31 1986-01-28 Gefechtskopf mit hintereinanderliegenden Hohlladungen

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0193427B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE37951T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3660939D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2577037B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5565647A (en) * 1991-05-24 1996-10-15 Giat Industries Warhead with sequential shape charges
DE4225704A1 (de) * 1992-08-04 1994-02-10 Diehl Gmbh & Co Gefechtskopf mit einer Tandemladung
FR2786262B1 (fr) 1998-11-23 2001-10-19 Giat Ind Sa Dispositif de protection active d'une paroi de vehicule ou de structure
FR2953009A1 (fr) 2009-11-26 2011-05-27 Nexter Munitions Tete militaire a charges en tandem

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1231003A (fr) * 1946-02-26 1960-09-26 Soc Tech De Rech Ind Perfectionnements aux engins à charges creuses
US3128701A (en) * 1958-07-24 1964-04-14 Western Co Of North America Shaped charge perforating apparatus
FR1400814A (fr) * 1964-07-03 1965-05-28 Forsvarets Fabriksstyrelse Projectile à fort pouvoir explosif
DE1901472C1 (de) * 1969-01-14 1978-04-27 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Gefechtskopf zur Bekaempfung gepanzerter Ziele
US3750582A (en) * 1971-09-03 1973-08-07 Us Army Projectile with differential tandem shaped charges
FR2493506A2 (fr) * 1977-11-24 1982-05-07 Serat Perfectionnements apportes aux charges creuses
FR2552870B1 (fr) * 1980-10-24 1987-02-13 France Etat Armement Perfectionnement aux tetes militaires a charges formees montees en tandem

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2577037A1 (fr) 1986-08-08
ATE37951T1 (de) 1988-10-15
EP0193427A1 (de) 1986-09-03
FR2577037B1 (fr) 1987-11-13
DE3660939D1 (en) 1988-11-17

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