EP0457657A1 - Durchdringendes Geschoss - Google Patents

Durchdringendes Geschoss Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0457657A1
EP0457657A1 EP91401208A EP91401208A EP0457657A1 EP 0457657 A1 EP0457657 A1 EP 0457657A1 EP 91401208 A EP91401208 A EP 91401208A EP 91401208 A EP91401208 A EP 91401208A EP 0457657 A1 EP0457657 A1 EP 0457657A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
tube
charge
speed
front element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91401208A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0457657B1 (de
Inventor
Jean Deffayet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thomson Brandt Armements SA
Original Assignee
Thomson Brandt Armements SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson Brandt Armements SA filed Critical Thomson Brandt Armements SA
Publication of EP0457657A1 publication Critical patent/EP0457657A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0457657B1 publication Critical patent/EP0457657B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/06—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with hard or heavy core; Kinetic energy penetrators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
    • F42B12/58—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles
    • F42B12/62—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles the submissiles being ejected parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to projectiles, such as arrows, intended to penetrate more or less deeply into a target. It also relates to ammunition containing a plurality of these projectiles, intended for example to be carried in vectors such as missiles, rockets, etc.
  • European patent application No. 88110917.7 in the name of Diehl GMBH & Co discloses ammunition of this type, intended more specifically for the neutralization of traffic lanes or concrete tracks. It includes a set of arrows contained in a box equipped with a parachute and a propellant. After dropping from a transport vector, there is first opening of the parachute, then once the verticality of the box is correct, starting the thruster. Then, once all the propellant charge has been consumed, a second charge is ignited to expel the arrows from the housing, in order to provide them with additional speed relative to the latter.
  • the principle implemented in this previous invention is therefore, as in the other currently known penetrating projectile systems, to print a high speed at the arrows in the direction of the target to obtain good penetration, possibly limited by radial projections in the back of the arrows.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a new type of penetrating projectiles to overcome these drawbacks, in order to extend their field of use, while increasing their effectiveness.
  • the subject of the invention is a penetrating projectile comprising a front element forming the active part intended for penetration, integral with a tube, which tube is closed behind the front element and contains a charge of propulsion thereof, and an igniter for igniting the charge, responding to the percussion of the front element against a target, said projectile further comprising a parachute attached to the rear end of the tube, intended to decrease the speed of said projectile and to bring its longitudinal axis closer to the vertical, characterized in that the igniter comprises a delay means such as the setting propellant charge fire occurs when the speed of the projectile becomes substantially zero.
  • the projectiles according to the invention comprise a front element 1 forming the active part, partially engaged in a rear part or tube 2. At least one intermediate part 10 of the element 1 is cylindrical and of the same caliber as the mouth of the tube 2, which has behind this cylindrical part 10 a retaining shoulder 20. At the front of the part 10, the element 1 has a section which decreases so as to present a front part 11 in the shape of a point clearly protruding from the outlet of the tube 2 .
  • the igniter 31 is provided to ensure the ignition of the charge 30 in response to the meeting of the front element 1 with a target, with a delay.
  • it is preferably an inertial percussion igniter, provided with a delay means for very slightly differing (by a few milliseconds for example) the firing of the charge 30 with respect to the instant of the impact.
  • This delay is provided to allow the speed of the projectile to cancel, or substantially cancel, before the firing of the charge 30; it thus frees the projectile from the penetration constraints due to the non-zero tangential component of its speed relative to the target.
  • This obliquity phenomenon characterized by the angle of the velocity vector of the projectile and the axis of the shock, in this case the vertical, is one of the major reasons for the non-penetration of the projectile into the target.
  • Element 1 has certain peculiarities of form which vary according to the application for which the projectile is intended.
  • the element 1 is an arrow for the neutralization of tracks or communication paths: it must only sink partially so as to allow a pointed or sharp part to protrude from the ground. 12.
  • the size of part 10 of element 1 is significantly greater than that of front part 11. This results in braking by part 10 and, when stationary, partial depression from it, from which follows another advantage, namely that in part 10, the arrow 1 is more difficult to cut.
  • a notch 110 of the front part 11, of the type of that of mountaineer's pitons there is advantageously provided.
  • the terminal tip portion 12 and the notch 110 in the front portion are then superfluous.
  • the difference in sizes between parts 10 and 11 although reduced, it will generally be maintained so that the depth of penetration is not too great.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the general principle of operation of the projectiles according to the invention, although the particular embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • the projectile P arrives close to the target with a certain obliquity, and suitably oriented by means such as tailplane or, as here, parachute. Its speed is not very high, but due to a good mass / section ratio to promote penetration, when the element 1 touches the target, its tip 11 penetrates however a shallow depth, practically reaching the stop at l 'instant T2.
  • the charge 30 is ignited, generating a thrust which propels the element 1 more deeply with, in reaction, the expulsion of the tube 2 away from the element 1.
  • An additional advantage of the system is the incendiary power of projectiles when they enter flammable material tanks (planes in the parking lot, fuel tanks, missiles, ammunition, etc.): when the rear tube 2 is ejected, hot and pressurized gases escape at high speed, accompanying the projectile in its progression. This effect can be enhanced by suitable incendiary additives in the propellant charge 30.
  • the projectile P according to the invention of FIG. 1 is intended to be ejected individually or in bundles from a transport vector. Upon ejection, it therefore has an autonomous behavior, and it is therefore provided with a means to ensure its correct orientation relative to the target.
  • This means consists of a parachute 4 housed in a retractable box 5 fixed to the rear of the tube 2.
  • the projectile P ′ of FIG. 3 is designed to form with other identical projectiles the active part of the munition M shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. It differs from the version in FIG. 2 in that, instead of a parachute, it has a deploying tail unit formed by several fins 6 at the rear.
  • Ammunition M essentially comprises a container 7 in which are held side by side several projectiles P ′ pointed towards the exit, a parachute 8 connected by a swivel 9 to the bottom of the container 7 opposite to the exit, and a chronometric sequencer to trigger the release projectiles after a predetermined time after dropping, calculated sufficient for the munition M to reach an attitude close to the vertical and a certain speed (of the order of 40 m / s).
  • the projectiles leave the container 7 by gravity, therefore without significant relative speed, by opening the container 7 or erasing a mechanical restraint. From the exit, the tail of the projectiles P ′ is deployed, for example by a spring means 60 kept loaded inside the container 7.
  • the same rotational speed of 10 revolutions / second and the same altitude of 40 m lead to a dispersion diameter which is not than 0.6 m.
  • the obliquity already poses a problem and that it would not be wise to make it even more important by increasing the rotational speed. Consequently, compared with known systems, the munition of the invention provides a considerably improved distribution of the projectiles P ′.
  • ammunition such as the ammunition M of Figs. 4 and 5 are perfectly suited to equip large cargo ships provided with sophisticated ejection devices allowing controlled dispersion adapted to the target, while the individual projectile version illustrated in FIG. 1 is more suitable for small freighters handling smaller areas.
  • a carrier projectile of rocket type, contains sub-projectiles in the form of arrows arranged with a single orientation (the head forward and the tail back of the rocket).
  • Propulsion means ensure the ejection of the sub-projectiles along the trajectory of the rocket, after its warhead has itself been expelled.
  • An important drawback of these munitions is that their practical range is limited by the terminal kinetic energy necessary for the correct penetration of the sub-projectiles.
  • the impact velocities are of the order of 700 m / s, while above 4,000 m, they drop below 300 m / s.
  • the kinetic energies vary in a ratio of the order of 5, and much more if one seeks an even higher range.
  • the use of tailed sub-projectiles in accordance with the invention to equip these rockets is a solution for increasing the range or even increasing the penetration.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
EP91401208A 1990-05-18 1991-05-07 Durchdringendes Geschoss Expired - Lifetime EP0457657B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9006246 1990-05-18
FR9006246A FR2662240A1 (fr) 1990-05-18 1990-05-18 Projectiles penetrants.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0457657A1 true EP0457657A1 (de) 1991-11-21
EP0457657B1 EP0457657B1 (de) 1994-09-14

Family

ID=9396755

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91401208A Expired - Lifetime EP0457657B1 (de) 1990-05-18 1991-05-07 Durchdringendes Geschoss

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5109774A (de)
EP (1) EP0457657B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69103957T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2059077T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2662240A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2049649A1 (es) * 1992-08-07 1994-04-16 Edb Sa Submunicion antipista

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4327214C1 (de) * 1993-08-13 1995-01-12 Deutsche Aerospace Verlegevorrichtung für Penetratoren mit eingebauten Sensoren
US5596166A (en) * 1994-12-28 1997-01-21 Logicon Rda Penetrating vehicle with rocket motor
US6745696B1 (en) * 1999-03-25 2004-06-08 Rafael-Armament Development Authority Ltd. Armor piercing projectile
US6276277B1 (en) 1999-04-22 2001-08-21 Lockheed Martin Corporation Rocket-boosted guided hard target penetrator
US6494140B1 (en) 1999-04-22 2002-12-17 Lockheed Martin Corporation Modular rocket boosted penetrating warhead
NO995142A (no) * 1999-06-04 2000-10-16 Nammo Raufoss As Fremdriftsanordning for et prosjektil i et missil
US6782829B1 (en) * 2003-12-04 2004-08-31 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Non-lethal cargo projectile
US7795567B2 (en) * 2005-04-05 2010-09-14 Raytheon Company Guided kinetic penetrator
ES2385040T3 (es) * 2005-07-01 2012-07-17 Saab Ab Pieza de munición con precursor cinético

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3774540A (en) * 1971-12-01 1973-11-27 Us Navy Terradynamic brake
GB1364160A (en) * 1972-12-15 1974-08-21 Diehl High explosive projectile
US4090446A (en) * 1977-02-02 1978-05-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Controlled depth of burial penetrator
FR2373032A1 (fr) * 1976-12-03 1978-06-30 Rheinmetall Gmbh Projectiles secondaires a charge creuse a tirer a l'aide d'un projectile porteur
FR2416447A1 (fr) * 1976-12-08 1979-08-31 Buck Chem Tech Werke Tete de projectile de combat
DE3049623A1 (de) * 1980-12-31 1982-07-29 Knaus, Hans A.J., 7800 Freiburg Panzerbrechendes geschoss
FR2601763A1 (fr) * 1983-09-08 1988-01-22 France Etat Armement Projectile sous-calibre de type fleche pour blindages actifs
EP0298494A2 (de) * 1987-07-10 1989-01-11 DIEHL GMBH & CO. Submunitions-Wirkteil, sowie Flechettes-Gefechtskopf und Flechettes dafür

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB191516210A (en) * 1915-11-17 1919-06-05 Henri Antoine Pacton Improvements in Projectiles.
FR618654A (fr) * 1925-11-16 1927-03-15 Procédé et dispositif pour le lancement des bombes à partir des aéronefs

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3774540A (en) * 1971-12-01 1973-11-27 Us Navy Terradynamic brake
GB1364160A (en) * 1972-12-15 1974-08-21 Diehl High explosive projectile
FR2373032A1 (fr) * 1976-12-03 1978-06-30 Rheinmetall Gmbh Projectiles secondaires a charge creuse a tirer a l'aide d'un projectile porteur
FR2416447A1 (fr) * 1976-12-08 1979-08-31 Buck Chem Tech Werke Tete de projectile de combat
US4090446A (en) * 1977-02-02 1978-05-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Controlled depth of burial penetrator
DE3049623A1 (de) * 1980-12-31 1982-07-29 Knaus, Hans A.J., 7800 Freiburg Panzerbrechendes geschoss
FR2601763A1 (fr) * 1983-09-08 1988-01-22 France Etat Armement Projectile sous-calibre de type fleche pour blindages actifs
EP0298494A2 (de) * 1987-07-10 1989-01-11 DIEHL GMBH & CO. Submunitions-Wirkteil, sowie Flechettes-Gefechtskopf und Flechettes dafür

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2049649A1 (es) * 1992-08-07 1994-04-16 Edb Sa Submunicion antipista

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2059077T3 (es) 1994-11-01
US5109774A (en) 1992-05-05
FR2662240A1 (fr) 1991-11-22
FR2662240B1 (de) 1994-07-13
EP0457657B1 (de) 1994-09-14
DE69103957D1 (de) 1994-10-20
DE69103957T2 (de) 1995-02-09

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