EP0126679A1 - Vessel with at least two connected hulls, and with several masts - Google Patents

Vessel with at least two connected hulls, and with several masts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0126679A1
EP0126679A1 EP84400943A EP84400943A EP0126679A1 EP 0126679 A1 EP0126679 A1 EP 0126679A1 EP 84400943 A EP84400943 A EP 84400943A EP 84400943 A EP84400943 A EP 84400943A EP 0126679 A1 EP0126679 A1 EP 0126679A1
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Prior art keywords
aforementioned
ship according
masts
mast
fin
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EP84400943A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0126679B1 (en
Inventor
Jacques Berge
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
    • B63B1/121—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising two hulls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B15/00—Superstructures, deckhouses, wheelhouses or the like; Arrangements or adaptations of masts or spars, e.g. bowsprits
    • B63B15/0083—Masts for sailing ships or boats
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
    • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
    • B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
    • B63B3/02—Hulls assembled from prefabricated sub-units
    • B63B3/08—Hulls assembled from prefabricated sub-units with detachably-connected sub-units
    • B63B2003/085—Multiple hull vessels, e.g. catamarans, assembled from detachably-connected sub-units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B15/00—Superstructures, deckhouses, wheelhouses or the like; Arrangements or adaptations of masts or spars, e.g. bowsprits
    • B63B2015/0016—Masts characterized by mast configuration or construction
    • B63B2015/0033—Multipodded masts, e.g. tripod-type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a ship with at least two twin hulls, such as a catamaran.
  • the present invention is an improvement to the ship, with several hulls, described in French patent No. 1,127,903 to the applicant, which ship comprises several masts or the like fixed, at their lower end, to one of said hulls and joined together, at their upper end, in one or more common points.
  • At least some of said masts are provided over at least part of their length with a fin secured to said mast; which mast is rotatably mounted at its lower and upper ends.
  • the ship comprises two hulls joined by a set of four masts joined at their upper ends at a common point, in particular by a pyramidal structure, and fixed at their lower ends towards the front and towards the 'rear of said shells.
  • a notch in particular square, triangular or trapezoidal, is provided in the aforementioned fin, at the level of the aforementioned collar.
  • the aforementioned securing means comprise a connecting plate provided between the tubes constituting one of the aforementioned triangles coming into forced abutment against an intermediate plate provided between the plates connecting the tubes of the other triangle .
  • the connecting elements between the aforementioned shells consist of telescopic tubes.
  • each aforementioned adjustment means comprising in particular a first pulley integral with the lower end of the mast and pivoting around the longitudinal axis of the mast, pulley where is rolled up, one full turn, and fixed the control cable; and a system of deflection pulleys for directing the two parts of said cable in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ship to a rotary drum around an axis substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the ship and operated by a steering wheel.
  • the ship comprising at least one pivoting triangular sail suspended at the point of junction of the aforementioned masts, the point of application of the boom axis is located substantially at the fifth of its length from the front of it.
  • a device for tensioning the forestay on which the leading edge of the aforementioned sail slides is constituted either by a hoist pulling on said forestay, or by a hoist controlling a cable pulling from bottom to top on a semi-circular raceway.
  • each hull of the ship being fitted with a rudder controlled by the same bar, provision is made for a device for adjusting the relative angular position of one rudder relative to the other.
  • each aforementioned rudder is connected to the aforementioned bar by a system of pulleys and cable, one end of said cable being fixed to said bar and the other end being fixed to a slide provided with a roller able to move in an oblong opening made in a frame integral with said bar and whose longitudinal axis is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said bar, an adjustable stop making it possible to limit, in a predetermined manner, the displacement of a roller, in one direction, in said lumen.
  • the vessel 1 with at least two twin hulls 2, 3, such as a catamaran, comprises several masts or the like 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d. Fixed at their lower end 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d to one of said hulls and joined, at their upper end 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, at one or more common points 7.
  • At least some of said masts are provided over at least part of their length with a fin 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d secured to said mast; which mast is rotatably mounted at its lower ends 5a-5d and upper 6a-6d.
  • the plane of the fin is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the mast.
  • the vessel 1 comprises two hulls 2, 3 joined by a set of four masts 4a-4d joined at their upper ends 6a-6d at a common point 7, in particular by a pyramidal structure, and fixed at their ends lower 5a-5d forward and backward of said shells.
  • the four masts are arranged so as to be able to pivot at their lower and upper ends.
  • the pivoting is controlled either by levers of various kinds, or by winding a cable as will be described in more detail below.
  • This device allows the coxswain to adjust, at all times, the horizontal axial angle of each wing-shaped mast relative to the wind direction, and to block it in this position, or to leave the mast free to pivot and thus to fade in the wind like a weather vane.
  • Each mast thus constitutes a small sail.
  • a notch 23, in particular square, is provided. or rectangular, in the fin 8a at the level of the collar 16; so as to thus increase the possible angle of rotation of the mast and the fin up to approximately 330 °. It is trapezoidal in the case of FIG. 8.
  • the pyramidal structure 7 comprises two front 31 and rear 32 triangles made up of tubes 10a-10d pivotally received in the upper ends 6a-6d of the masts 4a-4d, and rendered in solidarity with each other.
  • These solidarisatbn means comprise a connecting plate 33, provided between the tubes constituting one of the aforementioned triangles, preferably the front triangle, coming into forced abutment against an intermediate plate (34) provided between the plates 35, 36 connecting the tubes of the other triangle.
  • the plates 34, 35, 36 are fixed by any appropriate means 75.
  • the connection between the triangles 31 and 32 is moreover ensured by a common axis 37.
  • a number of ropes can be hung, possibly via pulleys, such as the halyard 56 or the forestay 51 of the sail.
  • the four masts in the form of fins can be made in one piece, without notches.
  • the masts are then made rigid in the direction of their thickness, as can be seen in FIG. 14a or 14b, by guy wires 26 ′, associated with a crosspiece 15a ( Figure 14a) or two crosspieces 15b and 15c ( Figure 14b).
  • Each of these cross members is mounted substantially perpendicular to each fin (8a in the present case) in the manner shown in FIG. 13.
  • each cross member is formed of two cross member elements (15a 1 15a 2 in the case present) mounted in alignment respectively on the opposite external faces 8a 1 and 8a 2 of the fin.
  • FIGs 10 to 12 show another embodiment of the pivoting links of the masts at their lower and upper ends 5a and 6a.
  • the lower end 5a of each mast is rotatably mounted on a portion of tube or fixing pin 9a fixed to the shell as in the case of FIG. 4 by means notably of a cylindrical sleeve 13'a made of anti-friction material, such as for example "Teflon".
  • the sleeve 13'a is integral with the mast tube 4a by means of fixing screws V 1 .
  • washers R1, R2, R3 are made of any metal while the washer R2 is made of anti-friction material such as for example "Teflon".
  • the washer R3 is integral with the mast 4a by means of fixing screws V2.
  • a stud G is mounted in coaxial alignment with the tube 9a while passing through the stack of washers R1 to R3.
  • This stud has at its end an annular groove around which the two arms of a spring key C engage. This key is engaged through a slot-shaped opening 0 substantially opposite the groove of the stud G. Key C protrudes in mounting position of opening 0 to access it.
  • Such a pivoting connection structure makes it possible to withstand the compression and pulling forces, the latter being very brief and minimal.
  • the axis 48 of the boom 49 being in particular made up of two telescopic tubes (for example a fixed tube 52 and a mobile tube 53) whose relative position is adjusted by a hoist 54 or the like; the hoist 54 fixed inside and at the bottom of the fixed tube 52 pulls on the bottom of the sliding tube 53 on which the boom 49. This makes it possible to obtain an adjustable curvature of said boom and thus to adjust the hollow of the sail.
  • the halyard 56 of the sail is actuated by a winch 57, and a jib 58 can also be provided.
  • each rudder 59, 60 is connected to the bar 61 by a system of pulleys and cable 65, 66 (including a pulley 63, 64 integral in rotation with the rudder 59.60).
  • One end of the cable 65, 66 is fixed to the bar 61 and the other end is fixed to a slide 67, 68 provided with a roller 69, 70 made of an anti-friction material, such as for example "Teflon" , being able to move in an oblong opening 71, 72, formed in a frame 73 integral with the bar 61, a light whose longitudinal axis is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bar.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un navire à au moins deux coques jumelées (2, 3) tel qu'un catamaran, du type comportant plusieurs mâts (4a-4d) ou analogues fixés, à leur extrémité inférieure (5a-5d), à l'une desdites coques et réunis à leur extrémité supérieure (6a-6d), en un ou plusieurs points communs (7).The present invention relates to a ship with at least two twin hulls (2, 3) such as a catamaran, of the type comprising several masts (4a-4d) or the like fixed, at their lower end (5a-5d), to the one of said shells and joined at their upper end (6a-6d), at one or more common points (7).

Selon l'invention, au moins certains desdits mâts (4a-4d) sont munis sur au moins une partie de leur longueur d'un aileron (8a-8d) solidaire dudit mât; lequel mât est monté rotatif à ses extrémités inférieure (5a-5d) et supérieure (6a-6d).According to the invention, at least some of said masts (4a-4d) are provided over at least part of their length with a fin (8a-8d) integral with said mast; which mast is rotatably mounted at its lower (5a-5d) and upper (6a-6d) ends.

L'invention s'applique à la construction navale.

Figure imgaf001
The invention applies to shipbuilding.
Figure imgaf001

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un navire à au moins deux coques jumelées, tel qu'un catamaran.The present invention relates to a ship with at least two twin hulls, such as a catamaran.

La présente invention est un perfectionnement au navire, à plusieurs coques, décrit dans le brevet français n° 1 127 903 du demandeur, lequel navire comporte plusieurs mâts ou analogues fixés, à leur extrémité inférieure, à l'une desdites coques et réunis, à leur extrémité supérieure , en un ou plusieurs points communs.The present invention is an improvement to the ship, with several hulls, described in French patent No. 1,127,903 to the applicant, which ship comprises several masts or the like fixed, at their lower end, to one of said hulls and joined together, at their upper end, in one or more common points.

Selon l'invention, au moins certains desdits mâts sont munis sur au moins une partie de leur longueur d'un aileron solidaire dudit mât ; lequel mât est monté rotatif à ses extrémités inférieure et supérieure.According to the invention, at least some of said masts are provided over at least part of their length with a fin secured to said mast; which mast is rotatably mounted at its lower and upper ends.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le navire comprend deux coques réunies par un ensemble de quatre mâts réunis à leurs extrémités supérieures en un point commun, notamment par une structure pyramidale, et fixés à leurs extrémités inférieures vers l'avant et vers l'arrière desdites coques.According to another characteristic of the invention, the ship comprises two hulls joined by a set of four masts joined at their upper ends at a common point, in particular by a pyramidal structure, and fixed at their lower ends towards the front and towards the 'rear of said shells.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, on prévoit des traverses de renforcement, sensiblement horizontales, reliant deux à deux les mâts avant et arrière précités, le dispositif de fixation de chaque traverse à un mât comprenant un moyen formant collier, fixé à ladite traverse, et dans lequel peut tourner ledit mât.According to another characteristic of the invention, reinforcing crossmembers are provided, substantially horizontal, connecting two by two the aforementioned front and rear masts, the device for fixing each cross member to a mast comprising a collar means, fixed to said cross member, and in which said mast can rotate.

Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, une encoche, notamment carrée, triangulaire ou trapézoïdale, est prévue dans l'aileron précité, au niveau du collier précité.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, a notch, in particular square, triangular or trapezoidal, is provided in the aforementioned fin, at the level of the aforementioned collar.

Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, des moyens de fixation des haubans sont prévus à travers les traverses précitées.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, means for fixing the shrouds are provided through the above-mentioned crosspieces.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la structure pyramidale précitée comprend deux triangles avant et arrière constitués de tubes reçus, de façon pivotante, dans les extrémités supérieures des mâts précités, et rendus solidaires l'un de l'autre.According to another characteristic of the invention, the aforementioned pyramidal structure comprises two front and rear triangles made up of tubes received, in a pivoting manner, in the upper ends of the aforementioned masts, and made integral with one another.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les moyens de solidarisation précités comprennent une plaque de liaison prévue entre les tubes constituant l'un des triangles précités venant en appui forcé contre une plaque intercalaire prévue entre les plaques reliant les tubes de l'autre triangle.According to another characteristic of the invention, the aforementioned securing means comprise a connecting plate provided between the tubes constituting one of the aforementioned triangles coming into forced abutment against an intermediate plate provided between the plates connecting the tubes of the other triangle .

Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les éléments de liaison entre les coques précitées sont constitués de tubes télescopiques.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the connecting elements between the aforementioned shells consist of telescopic tubes.

Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, on prévoit des moyens de réglage de la position angulaire de chacun des ailerons précités ; chaque moyen de réglage précité comprenant notamment une première poulie solidaire de l'extrémité inférieure du mât et pivotant autour de l'axe longitudinal du mât, poulie où est enroulé, d'un tour complet, et fixé le câble de commande; et un système de poulies de renvoi pour diriger les deux parties dudit câble dans une direction sensiblement parallèle à l'axe longitudinal du navire jusqu'à un tambour rotatif autour d'un axe sensiblement perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal du navire et manoeuvré par un volant.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, means are provided for adjusting the angular position of each of the aforementioned fins; each aforementioned adjustment means comprising in particular a first pulley integral with the lower end of the mast and pivoting around the longitudinal axis of the mast, pulley where is rolled up, one full turn, and fixed the control cable; and a system of deflection pulleys for directing the two parts of said cable in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ship to a rotary drum around an axis substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the ship and operated by a steering wheel.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le navire comprenant au moins une voile triangulaire pivotante suspendue au point de jonction des mâts précités, le point d'application de l'axe de la bôme est situé sensiblement au cinquième de sa longueur à partir de l'avant de celle-ci.According to another characteristic of the invention, the ship comprising at least one pivoting triangular sail suspended at the point of junction of the aforementioned masts, the point of application of the boom axis is located substantially at the fifth of its length from the front of it.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, on prévoit un dispositif de mise sous tension de l'étai sur lequel le bord d'attaque de la voile précitée coulisse ; ce dispositif de mise sous tension est constitué soit par un palan tirant sur ledit étai, soit par un palan commandant un câble tirant de bas en haut sur un chemin de roulement semi-circulaire.According to another characteristic of the invention, there is provided a device for tensioning the forestay on which the leading edge of the aforementioned sail slides; this tensioning device is constituted either by a hoist pulling on said forestay, or by a hoist controlling a cable pulling from bottom to top on a semi-circular raceway.

Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, chaque coque du navire étant équipée d'un gouvernail commandé par une même barre, on prévoit un dispositif de réglage de la position angulaire relative d'un gouvernail par rapport à l'autre. Dans ce but, chaque gouvernail précité est relié à la barre précitée par un système de poulies et de câble, une extrémité dudit câble étant fixée à ladite barre et l'autre extrémité étant fixée à un coulisseau muni d'un galet pouvant se déplacer dans une lumière oblongue ménagée dans un bâti solidaire de.ladite barre et dont l'axe longitudinal est sensiblement parallèle à l'axe longitudinal de ladite barre, une butée réglable permettant de limiter, de façon prédéterminée, le déplacement d'un galet, dans un sens, dans ladite lumière.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, each hull of the ship being fitted with a rudder controlled by the same bar, provision is made for a device for adjusting the relative angular position of one rudder relative to the other. For this purpose, each aforementioned rudder is connected to the aforementioned bar by a system of pulleys and cable, one end of said cable being fixed to said bar and the other end being fixed to a slide provided with a roller able to move in an oblong opening made in a frame integral with said bar and whose longitudinal axis is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said bar, an adjustable stop making it possible to limit, in a predetermined manner, the displacement of a roller, in one direction, in said lumen.

L'invention sera mieux comprise, et d'autres détails, caractéristiques et avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement à la lumière de la description explicative qui va suivre faite en référence aux dessins schématiques annexés donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple illustrant un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, et dans lesquels :

  • - la figure 1 est une vue de dessus du navire selon l'invention sur laquelle les mâts ont été schématisés en traits mixtes
  • - la figure 2 est une vue de côté du navire selon l'invention ;.
  • - la figure 3 est une vue schématique de face du navire selon l'invention
  • - la figure 4 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un mât selon l'invention ;
  • - la figure 5 est une vue en coupe transversale de la jonction mât-traverse ;
  • - la figure 6a est une vue en coupe partielle du triangle avant de liaison des mâts ;
  • - la figure 6b est une vue en coupe partielle du triangle arrière de liaison des mâts ;
  • - la figure 6c est une vue représentant les deux triangles avant et arrière montés ;
  • - la figure 7 est une vue de dessus partielle du navire selon l'invention ;
  • - la figure 8 est une vue en coupe d'un autre mode de réalisation de la liaison mât-traverse avec fixation pour haubans,
  • - la figure 9 est une vue schématique d'un dispositif de gouverne du navire selon l'invention.
  • - la figure 10 est une autre vue en coupe longitudinale d'un mât selon l'invention ;
  • - la figure 11 est une vue suivant la flêche XI de la figure 10 ;
  • - la figure 12 est une vue de dessus suivant la flêche XII de la figure 10 ;
  • -la figure 13 est une vue en coupe transversale du mât selon un autre mode de réalisation ; et
  • - les figures 14a et 14b représentent des vues suivant la flêche XIV de la figure 13 montrant deux modes de réalisation d'haubanages associés au mât de l'invention.
The invention will be better understood, and other details, characteristics and advantages thereof will appear more clearly in the light of the explanatory description which will follow made with reference to the appended schematic drawings given solely by way of example illustrating a mode preferred embodiment of the invention, and in which:
  • - Figure 1 is a top view of the ship according to the invention in which the masts have been shown schematically in broken lines
  • - Figure 2 is a side view of the ship according to the invention;
  • - Figure 3 is a schematic front view of the ship according to the invention
  • - Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a mast according to the invention;
  • - Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the mast-cross junction;
  • - Figure 6a is a partial sectional view of the triangle before connecting the masts;
  • - Figure 6b is a partial sectional view of the rear triangle connecting the masts;
  • - Figure 6c is a view showing the two front and rear triangles mounted;
  • - Figure 7 is a partial top view of the ship according to the invention;
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the mast-transom connection with fixing for guy lines,
  • - Figure 9 is a schematic view of a steering device of the ship according to the invention.
  • - Figure 10 is another view in longitudinal section of a mast according to the invention;
  • - Figure 11 is a view along arrow XI of Figure 10;
  • - Figure 12 is a top view along arrow XII of Figure 10;
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the mast according to another embodiment; and
  • - Figures 14a and 14b show views along arrow XIV of Figure 13 showing two embodiments of guy lines associated with the mast of the invention.

Le navire 1 à au moins deux coques jumelées 2, 3, tel qu'un catamaran, comporte plusieurs mâts ou analogues 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d.fixés à leur extrémité inférieure 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d à l'une desdites coques et réunis, à leur extrémité supérieure 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, en un ou plusieurs points communs 7.The vessel 1 with at least two twin hulls 2, 3, such as a catamaran, comprises several masts or the like 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d. Fixed at their lower end 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d to one of said hulls and joined, at their upper end 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, at one or more common points 7.

Selon l'invention, au'moins certains desdits mâts sont munis sur au moins une partie de leur longueur d'un aileron 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d solidaire dudit mât ; lequel mât est monté rotatif à ses extrémités inférieure 5a-5d et supérieure 6a-6d. Le plan de l'aileron est parallèle à l'axe longitudinal du mât.According to the invention, at least some of said masts are provided over at least part of their length with a fin 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d secured to said mast; which mast is rotatably mounted at its lower ends 5a-5d and upper 6a-6d. The plane of the fin is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the mast.

Dans l'exemple représenté, le navire 1 comprend deux coques 2, 3 réunies par un ensemble de quatre mâts 4a-4d réunis à leurs extrémités supérieures 6a-6d en un point commun 7, notamment par une structure pyramidale, et fixés à leurs extrémités inférieures 5a-5d vers l'avant et vers l'arrière desdites coques.In the example shown, the vessel 1 comprises two hulls 2, 3 joined by a set of four masts 4a-4d joined at their upper ends 6a-6d at a common point 7, in particular by a pyramidal structure, and fixed at their ends lower 5a-5d forward and backward of said shells.

Ainsi, les quatre mâts sont agencés de façon à pouvoir pivoter à leurs extrémités inférieure et supérieure.Thus, the four masts are arranged so as to be able to pivot at their lower and upper ends.

Le pivotement est commandé soit par des leviers de diverses sortes, soit par enroulement d'un câble comme cela sera décrit plus en détail ci-après . Ce dispositif permet au barreur de régler, à chaque instant, l'angle axial horizontal de chaque mât en forme d'aile par rapport à la direction du vent,et de la bloquer dans cette position, ou de laisser libre le mât de pivoter et ainsi de s'effacer au vent comme une girouette. Chaque mât constitue ainsi une petite voile.The pivoting is controlled either by levers of various kinds, or by winding a cable as will be described in more detail below. This device allows the coxswain to adjust, at all times, the horizontal axial angle of each wing-shaped mast relative to the wind direction, and to block it in this position, or to leave the mast free to pivot and thus to fade in the wind like a weather vane. Each mast thus constitutes a small sail.

Grâce à cette disposition, en plaçant en opposition sur les mâts avant et les mâts arrière, le catamaran est obligé de pivoter, quelle que soit la force du vent. Il est dès lors possible de virer vent debout même par gros temps.Thanks to this arrangement, by placing in opposition on the front masts and the aft masts, the catamaran is forced to pivot, whatever the force of the wind. It is therefore possible to turn headwind even in heavy weather.

En réglant l'incidence au vent des mâts avant et des mâts arrière, il est possible d'obtenir un équilibre dans le cap voulu en lâchant le gouvernail.By adjusting the windward incidence of the front and rear masts, it is possible to obtain a balance in the desired heading by letting go of the rudder.

En virant à 1800 les mâts en direction avant, il sera possible de naviguer en reculant et ainsi de manoeuvrer, soit pour quitter un quai où le navire est amarré par l'avant, soit pour manoeuvrer dans un espace réduit en avançant et en reculant tout en dirigeant le navire. L'entrée ou la sortie d'un port ou d'un mouillage sont ainsi considérablement facilitées, car la maîtrise constante de l'angle de chaque mât permet d'accélérer, de freiner ou de marcher au ralenti, toutes choses impossibles jusqu'à ce jour sur les navires ou catamarans connus. En outre, par gros temps, la possibilité d'orienter les mâts dans l'axe du vent apporte une sécurité importante.By turning the masts to 180 0 in the forward direction, it will be possible to sail backwards and thus to maneuver, either to leave a quay where the ship is moored from the front, that is to maneuver in a reduced space by moving forward and backward while steering the ship. The entry or exit of a port or anchorage is thus considerably facilitated, because the constant control of the angle of each mast makes it possible to accelerate, to brake or to idle, all things impossible until today on known ships or catamarans. In addition, in heavy weather, the possibility of orienting the masts in the axis of the wind provides significant security.

En se référant en particulier à la figure 4, l'extrémité inférieure 5a et l'extrémité supérieure 6a de chaque mât (4a par exemple) sont montées rotatives sur des portions de tubes 9a, 10a fixées, d'une part, à une coque (2 par exemple) et faisant partie, d'autre part, de la structure pyramidale 7 de jonction des mâts. Ce montage est réalisé par l'intermédiaire d'appuis 11a, 12a et de manchons 13a, 14a en matériau anti- friction, tel que par exemple du "Téflon".With particular reference to FIG. 4, the lower end 5a and the upper end 6a of each mast (4a for example) are rotatably mounted on portions of tubes 9a, 10a fixed, on the one hand, to a shell (2 for example) and being part, on the other hand, of the pyramidal structure 7 of junction of the masts. This assembly is carried out by means of supports 11a, 12a and sleeves 13a, 14a made of anti-friction material, such as for example "Teflon".

Pour relier deux à deux les mâts avant et arrière, on prévoit des traverses de renforcement 15, sensiblement horizontales. En se référant aux figures 4 et 5, le dispositif de fixation de chaque traverse 15 à un mât 4a comprend un moyen formant collier 16 fixé à la traverse 15, et dans lequel peut tourner le mât 4a. Le collier 16 comprend un manchon 17 et des rondelles 18 en matériau anti-friction, tel que par exemple du "Téflon", disposés entre des rondelles métalliques 19. Une plaque 20 est fixée au collier 16 et vient s'emmancher dans l'extrémité pleine 21 de la traverse 15 où elle y est fixée, par exemple, par un rivet 22, ou analogue, démontable.To connect the front and rear masts in pairs, reinforcement crosspieces 15, which are substantially horizontal, are provided. Referring to Figures 4 and 5, the device for fixing each cross member 15 to a mast 4a comprises a collar means 16 fixed to the cross member 15, and in which the mast 4a can rotate. The collar 16 comprises a sleeve 17 and washers 18 made of anti-friction material, such as for example "Teflon", disposed between metal washers 19. A plate 20 is fixed to the collar 16 and is fitted into the end full 21 of the cross member 15 where it is fixed, for example, by a rivet 22, or the like, removable.

On prévoit en outre, une encoche 23, notamment carrée ou rectangulaire, dans l'aileron 8a au niveau du collier 16 ; de façon à augmenter ainsi l'angle de rotation possible du mât et de l'aileron jusqu'à 330° environ. Elle est trapézoïdale dans le cas de la figure 8.In addition, a notch 23, in particular square, is provided. or rectangular, in the fin 8a at the level of the collar 16; so as to thus increase the possible angle of rotation of the mast and the fin up to approximately 330 °. It is trapezoidal in the case of FIG. 8.

En se référant aux figures 7 et 8, des moyens de fixation pour les haubans 26, sont prévus dans les traverses 15 ; de façon que ceux-ci ne gênent pas la rotation des mâts. On notera que le seul effort demandé aux haubans, dans ce cas, est d'empêcher les mâts de s'écarter des points de rotation. En se référant en particulier à la figure 7, le collier 16 est solidaire d'une portion de tube 24 venant s'emmancher dans l'extrémité de la traverse 15 en y étant fixée par un rivet 25 ou analogue. Entre les manilles 30 où passent les haubans 26, on prévoit une tige filetée 29 disposée dans un tube fileté 28 coulissant dans un tube 27 soudé à la traverse 15 et la traversant de part en part. Sur les figures 2, 3 et 7, on a représenté le haubanage latéral 26a et le hauganage longitudinal 26h.Referring to Figures 7 and 8, fixing means for the stays 26, are provided in the crosspieces 15; so that these do not interfere with the rotation of the masts. It will be noted that the only effort required from the shrouds, in this case, is to prevent the masts from moving away from the points of rotation. Referring in particular to FIG. 7, the collar 16 is integral with a portion of tube 24 which fits into the end of the cross member 15 while being fixed to it by a rivet 25 or the like. Between the shackles 30 through which the shrouds 26 pass, a threaded rod 29 is provided which is arranged in a threaded tube 28 sliding in a tube 27 welded to the cross member 15 and passing through it right through. In FIGS. 2, 3 and 7, the lateral guying 26a and the longitudinal guhaning 26h have been shown.

En se référant plus particulièrement aux figures 6a à 6c, la structure pyramidale 7 comprend deux triangles avant 31 et arrière 32 constitués de tubes 10a-10d reçus, de façon pivotante, dans les extrémités supérieures 6a-6d des mâts 4a-4d, et rendus solidaires l'un de l'autre. Ces moyens de solidarisatbn comprennent une plaque de liaison 33, prévue entre les tubes constituant l'un des triangles précités, de préférence le triangle avant, venant en appui forcé contre une plaque intercalaire(34) prévue entre les plaques 35, 36 reliant les tubes de l'autre triangle. Les plaques 34,35, 36 sont fixées par tous moyens appropriés 75. La liaison entre les triangles 31 et 32 est de plus assurée par un axe commun 37. Sur la structure pyramidale 7, on peut accrocher un certain nombre de cordages, éventuellement par l'intermédiaire de poulies, tels que la drisse 56 ou l'étai 51 de la voile.With particular reference to FIGS. 6a to 6c, the pyramidal structure 7 comprises two front 31 and rear 32 triangles made up of tubes 10a-10d pivotally received in the upper ends 6a-6d of the masts 4a-4d, and rendered in solidarity with each other. These solidarisatbn means comprise a connecting plate 33, provided between the tubes constituting one of the aforementioned triangles, preferably the front triangle, coming into forced abutment against an intermediate plate (34) provided between the plates 35, 36 connecting the tubes of the other triangle. The plates 34, 35, 36 are fixed by any appropriate means 75. The connection between the triangles 31 and 32 is moreover ensured by a common axis 37. On the pyramid structure dale 7, a number of ropes can be hung, possibly via pulleys, such as the halyard 56 or the forestay 51 of the sail.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, les quatres mâts en forme d'ailerons peuvent être réalisés d'une seule pièce, sans encoches. Les mâts sont alors rendus rigides dans le sens de leur épaisseur, comme il ressort de la figure 14a ou 14b, par des haubans 26', associés à une traverse 15a (figure 14a) ou deux traverses 15b et 15c (figure 14b). Chacune de ces traverses est montée sensiblement perpendiculairement à chaque aileron(8a dans le cas présent) à la manière représentée en figure 13. Comme il ressort de cette figure, chaque traverse est formée de deux éléments de traverse (15a1 15a2 dans le cas présent) montés en alignement respectivement sur les faces externes opposées 8a1 et 8a2 de l'aileron. Chaque élément de traverse présente au niveau de son extrémité une partie en forme de tube dans laquelle s'emmanche un pied de centrage (P1 ; P2) solidaire d'une plaque de support (S1 ; S2) fixée à la face externe (8a1 ; 8a2) par exemple par soudage. On comprend ainsi que les traverses (15a, 15b, 15c) sont démontables des pieds de centrage pour faciliter le transport.According to another embodiment, the four masts in the form of fins can be made in one piece, without notches. The masts are then made rigid in the direction of their thickness, as can be seen in FIG. 14a or 14b, by guy wires 26 ′, associated with a crosspiece 15a (Figure 14a) or two crosspieces 15b and 15c (Figure 14b). Each of these cross members is mounted substantially perpendicular to each fin (8a in the present case) in the manner shown in FIG. 13. As can be seen from this figure, each cross member is formed of two cross member elements (15a 1 15a 2 in the case present) mounted in alignment respectively on the opposite external faces 8a 1 and 8a 2 of the fin. Each cross member has at its end a part in the form of a tube in which a centering foot (P 1 ; P 2 ) is fitted, secured to a support plate (S 1 ; S 2 ) fixed to the face. external (8a 1 ; 8a 2 ) for example by welding. It is thus understood that the crosspieces (15a, 15b, 15c) are removable from the centering feet to facilitate transport.

L'haubanage de la figure 14a a une configuration en losange. Les haubans (26') sont alors fixés au voisinage des extrémités longitudinales des ailerons et aux extrémités libres des traverses, par tous moyens appropriés, tels que des parties en forme de crochet directement soudées sur l'aileron d'une part, et solidaires des extrémités libres des traverses, d'autre part.The stay of Figure 14a has a diamond configuration. The shrouds (26 ') are then fixed in the vicinity of the longitudinal ends of the ailerons and at the free ends of the crosspieces, by any suitable means, such as hook-shaped parts directly welded to the aileron on the one hand, and integral with the free ends of the ties, on the other hand.

L'haubanage de la figure 14b permet par la présence des deux traverses 15b, 15c montées de façon espacée le long de l'aileron et notamment d'haubans 26t reliant diagonalement chaque élément de traverse, d'assurer une meilleure rigidité de l'aileron suivant son épaisseur.The guying of Figure 14b allows by the presence of two crossbars 15b, 15c mounted spacedly along the fin and in particular guys 26 t connecting diagonally each cross member, to ensure better rigidity of the fin depending on its thickness.

Les figures 10 à 12 représentent un autre mode de réalisation des liaisons pivotantes des mâts à leurs extrémités inférieure et supérieure 5a et 6a. On décrira seulement la liaison pivotante au niveau de l'extrémité inférieure, c'est-à-dire au niveau de la coque 2. L'extrémité inférieure 5a de chaque mât est montée rotative sur une portion de tube ou axe de fixation 9a fixée à la coque comme dans le cas de la figure 4 par l'intermédiaire notamment d'un manchon cylindrique 13'a en matériau anti-friction, tel que par exemple du "Téflon". Le manchon 13'a est solidaire du tube du mât 4a par l'intermédiaire de vis de fixation V1. Sur les extrémités libres coplanaires du tube 9a et du manchon 13ta à l'intérieur du mât 4a sont disposées en empilement respectivement du bas vers le haut par rapport à la figure 10 des rondelles R1, R2, R3. Les rondelles R1 et R3 sont en un métal quelconque tandis que la rondelle R2 est en matériau anti-friction tel que par exemple du "Téflon". La rondelle R3 est solidaire du mât 4a par-l'intermédiaire de vis de fixation V2. Un goujon G est monté en alignement coaxial au tube 9a tout en passant à travers l'empilement des rondelles R1 à R3. Ce goujon comporte à sa partie extrême une gorge annulaire autour de laquelle viennent s'engager les deux branches d'une clavette ressort C. Cette clavette est engagée à travers une ouverture en forme de fente 0 sensiblement en regard de la gorge du goujon G. La clavette C fait saillie en position de montage de l'ouverture 0 pour y avoir accès. Une telle structure de liaison pivotante permet de supporter les efforts de compression et de tirage, ces derniers étant très brefs et minimes.Figures 10 to 12 show another embodiment of the pivoting links of the masts at their lower and upper ends 5a and 6a. We will only describe the pivoting connection at the lower end, that is to say at the shell 2. The lower end 5a of each mast is rotatably mounted on a portion of tube or fixing pin 9a fixed to the shell as in the case of FIG. 4 by means notably of a cylindrical sleeve 13'a made of anti-friction material, such as for example "Teflon". The sleeve 13'a is integral with the mast tube 4a by means of fixing screws V 1 . On the free coplanar ends of the tube 9a and of the sleeve 13 t a inside the mast 4a are arranged in a stack respectively from the bottom to the top relative to FIG. 10, washers R1, R2, R3. The washers R1 and R3 are made of any metal while the washer R2 is made of anti-friction material such as for example "Teflon". The washer R3 is integral with the mast 4a by means of fixing screws V2. A stud G is mounted in coaxial alignment with the tube 9a while passing through the stack of washers R1 to R3. This stud has at its end an annular groove around which the two arms of a spring key C engage. This key is engaged through a slot-shaped opening 0 substantially opposite the groove of the stud G. Key C protrudes in mounting position of opening 0 to access it. Such a pivoting connection structure makes it possible to withstand the compression and pulling forces, the latter being very brief and minimal.

Par ailleurs, chaque aileron peut être agencé pour recevoir un foc (non représenté) le long de la génératrice du tube du mât-aileron opposée à l'arête formée par l'angle aigu de l'aileron vu enfigure 13, par exemple.Furthermore, each fin can be arranged to receive a jib (not shown) along the generatrix of the mast-fin tube opposite the edge formed by the acute angle of the fin seen in Figure 13, for example.

En se référant plus particulièrement à la figure 1, les éléments de liaison entre les coques 2, 3 sont constitués par des tubes télescopiques 38. Ces moyens de liaison sont éventuellement renforcés par des haubans 40 ; l'habitacle 39 étant prévue dans la partie centrale du navire. Cette structure télescopique permet en particulier de ramener de 8m à 2,40m, par exemple la largeur après démontage, ce qui rend le transport du navire possible sur route ainsi que son logement dans une cour ou un jardin.Referring more particularly to Figure 1, the connecting elements between the shells 2, 3 are constituted by telescopic tubes 38. These connecting means are optionally reinforced by shrouds 40; the passenger compartment 39 being provided in the central part of the ship. This telescopic structure allows in particular to reduce from 8m to 2.40m, for example the width after dismantling, which makes it possible to transport the ship on the road as well as its accommodation in a courtyard or a garden.

On décrira ci-après en détail les moyens 41 de réglage de la position angulaire de chacun des ailerons ou des mâts précités.The means 41 for adjusting the angular position of each of the aforementioned fins or masts will be described below in detail.

En se référant à la figure 1, chaque moyen 41 de réglage comprend une première poulie 42 (éventuellement une poulie à deux gorges) solidaire de l'extrémité inférieure d'un mât et pivotant autour de l'axe longitudinal du mât, poulie où est enroulé, d'un tour complet, et fixé le ou les câbles 43 de commande, et un système de poulies 44 de renvoi(constitué par exemple de deux poulies inclinées d'un angle approprié) pour diriger les deux parties du câble 43 dans une direction sensiblement parallèle à l'axe longitudinal du navire jusqu'à un tambour 45 rotatif autour d'un axe sensiblement perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal du navire et manoeuvré par un volant 46. Dans le cas d'une poulie double, il y a un câble, sur chaque poulie, enroulé d'un demi-tour, l'aileron étant en position perpendiculaire, par rapport à l'axe des coques, pour le réglage des câbles. Comme cela est représenté sur la figure 1, les quatre volants de commande sont facilement accessibles par le barreur.Referring to Figure 1, each adjustment means 41 comprises a first pulley 42 (possibly a pulley with two grooves) integral with the lower end of a mast and pivoting around the longitudinal axis of the mast, pulley where is wound, by a full turn, and fixed the control cable (s) 43, and a system of return pulleys 44 (consisting for example of two pulleys inclined at an appropriate angle) to direct the two parts of the cable 43 in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ship up to a drum 45 rotating around an axis substantially perpendicular to the longitudi axis nal of the ship and maneuvered by a steering wheel 46. In the case of a double pulley, there is a cable, on each pulley, wound up by half a turn, the fin being in a position perpendicular to the axis of the shells, for adjusting the cables. As shown in Figure 1, the four control wheels are easily accessible by the helmsman.

En se référant maintenant plus particulièrement à la figure 2, le navire 1 comprend au moins une voile 47 triangulaire pivotante suspendue au point de jonction 7 des mâts 4a-4d, ladite voile étant inscrite dans la pyramide définie par les quatre mâts. Le point d'application de l'axe 48 de support de la bôme 49 est situé sensiblement au cinquième de sa'longueur à partir de l'avant. Dans ce cas, sous l'effet du vent, l'ensemble de la voile s'équilibre de lui-même de telle sorte que l'angle avec l'axe du vent soit sensiblement identique du bas en haut. Cette particularité permet d'obtenir un angle de remontée au vent remarquablement faible.Referring now more particularly to FIG. 2, the ship 1 comprises at least one pivoting triangular sail 47 suspended at the junction point 7 of the masts 4a-4d, said sail being inscribed in the pyramid defined by the four masts. The point of application of the shaft 48 for supporting the boom 49 is situated substantially at the fifth of its length from the front. In this case, under the effect of the wind, the whole sail balances itself so that the angle with the wind axis is substantially identical from bottom to top. This feature makes it possible to obtain a remarkably low ascent angle.

On prévoit également un dispositif 50 de mise sous tension de l'étai 51 sur lequel le bord d'attaque de la voile 47 coulisse.A device 50 is also provided for tensioning the forestay 51 on which the leading edge of the sail 47 slides.

Ce dispositif 50 peut être constitué par un palan tirant sur cet étai ou par un palan commandant un câble tirant de bas en haut sur un chemin de roulement 55 semi-circulaire.This device 50 can be constituted by a hoist pulling on this stay or by a hoist controlling a cable pulling from bottom to top on a semi-circular raceway 55.

L'axe 48 de la bôme 49 étant notamment constitué de deux tubes télescopiques (par exemple un tube fixe 52 et un tube mobile 53) dont la position relative est réglée par un palan 54 ou analogue ; le palan 54 fixé à l'intérieur et en bas du tube fixe 52 tire sur le bas du tube coulissant 53 sur lequel est fixée la bôme 49. Cela permet d'obtenir une courbure réglable de ladite bôme et de régler ainsi le creux de la voile.The axis 48 of the boom 49 being in particular made up of two telescopic tubes (for example a fixed tube 52 and a mobile tube 53) whose relative position is adjusted by a hoist 54 or the like; the hoist 54 fixed inside and at the bottom of the fixed tube 52 pulls on the bottom of the sliding tube 53 on which the boom 49. This makes it possible to obtain an adjustable curvature of said boom and thus to adjust the hollow of the sail.

Dans le deuxième cas, il existe deux possibilités : soit le câble reliant l'avant de la bôme au chemin de roulement ext fixe (avec toutefois avec un raidisseur) et le palan 76 tire l'étai par un renvoi ; soit l'étai est fixe, et le palan 76 tire, par un renvoi sur le chemin de roulement.In the second case, there are two possibilities: either the cable connecting the front of the boom to the fixed ext. Raceway (however with a stiffener) and the hoist 76 pulls the forestay by a return; either the forestay is fixed, and the hoist 76 pulls, by a return on the raceway.

La drisse 56 de la voile est actionnée par un treuil 57,et on peut également prévoir un foc 58.The halyard 56 of the sail is actuated by a winch 57, and a jib 58 can also be provided.

En se référant maintenant plus particulièrement à la figure 9, chaque coque étant équipée d'un gouvernail 59, 60'commandée par une même barre 61, on prévoit un dispositif de réglage 62 de la position angulaire relative d'un gouvernail par rapport à l'autre.Referring now more particularly to FIG. 9, each hull being fitted with a rudder 59, 60 ′ controlled by the same bar 61, provision is made for a device 62 for adjusting the relative angular position of a rudder relative to the 'other.

En effet, on sait qu'il est intéressant pour un catamaran, lors d'un,-virage, que l'angle fait par le gouvernail situé en dedans de la courbe soit plus accentué que l'angle du gouvernail extérieur.Indeed, we know that it is interesting for a catamaran, during a -turn, that the angle made by the rudder located within the curve is more accentuated than the angle of the outer rudder.

Pour ce faire,chaque gouvernail 59, 60 est relié à la barre 61 par un système de poulies et de câble 65, 66 (dont une poulie 63, 64 solidaire en rotation du gouvernail 59,60). Une extrémité du câble 65, 66 est fixée à la barre 61 et l'autre extrémité est fixée à un coulisseau 67, 68 muni d'un galet 69, 70 réalisé en un matériau anti-friction, tel que par exemple du "Téflon", pouvant se déplacer dans une lumière oblongue 71, 72, ménagée dans un bâti 73 solidaire de la barre 61, lumière dont l'axe longitudinal est sensiblement parallèle à l'axe longitudinal de la barre. Une butée réglable 74 permet de limiter, de façon prédéterminée, le déplacement d'un galet, dans un sens, dans ladite lumière. La barre étant amenée par exemple vers tribord, le tirage du câble mène le galet tribord vers la butée réglable. L'angle pris par le gouvernail tribord peut être ainsi diminué à volonté. En revanche, le galet qui commande le gouvernail bâbord est mené à l'extrémité de la lumière bâbord pour laisser se faire l'angle commandé.To do this, each rudder 59, 60 is connected to the bar 61 by a system of pulleys and cable 65, 66 (including a pulley 63, 64 integral in rotation with the rudder 59.60). One end of the cable 65, 66 is fixed to the bar 61 and the other end is fixed to a slide 67, 68 provided with a roller 69, 70 made of an anti-friction material, such as for example "Teflon" , being able to move in an oblong opening 71, 72, formed in a frame 73 integral with the bar 61, a light whose longitudinal axis is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bar. A adjustable stop 74 makes it possible to limit, in a predetermined manner, the movement of a roller, in one direction, in said lumen. The bar being brought for example to starboard, the cable pull leads the starboard roller to the adjustable stop. The angle taken by the starboard rudder can thus be reduced at will. On the other hand, the roller which controls the port rudder is led to the end of the port light to allow the controlled angle to take place.

Claims (19)

1. Navire à au moins deux coques jumelées (2, 3), tel qu'un catamaran, du type comportant plusieurs mâts (4a-4d) ou analogue fixés , à leur extrémité inférieure(5a-5d), à l'une desdites coques et réunis à leur extrémité supérieure (6a-6d), en un ou plusieurs points communs (7), caractérisé en ce qu'au moins certains desdits mâts (4a-4d) sont munis sur au moins une partie de leur longueur d'un aileron (8a-8d) solidaire dudit mât ; lequel mât est monté rotatif à ses extrémités inférieure (5a-5d) et supérieure (6a-6d).1. Vessel with at least two twin hulls (2, 3), such as a catamaran, of the type comprising several masts (4a-4d) or the like fixed, at their lower end (5a-5d), to one of said hulls and joined at their upper end (6a-6d), at one or more common points (7), characterized in that at least some of said masts (4a-4d) are provided over at least part of their length with a fin (8a-8d) integral with said mast; which mast is rotatably mounted at its lower (5a-5d) and upper (6a-6d) ends. 2. Navire selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend deux coques (2,3) réunies par un ensemble de quatre mâts (4a-4d) réunis à leurs extrémités supérieures (6a-6d) en un point commun (7), notamment par une structure pyramidale, et fixés à leurs extrémités inférieures (5a-5d) vers l'avant et vers l'arrière desdites coques. f 2. Ship according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises two hulls (2,3) joined by a set of four masts (4a-4d) joined at their upper ends (6a-6d) at a common point (7 ), in particular by a pyramidal structure, and fixed at their lower ends (5a-5d) towards the front and towards the rear of said shells. f 3. Navire selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par des traverses de renforcement (15) sensiblement horizontales, reliant deux à deux les mâts avant et arrière précités ; les dispositifs de fixation de chaque traverse à un mât comprenant un moyen formant collier (16), fixé à ladite traverse, et dans lequel peut tourner ledit mât.3. Ship according to claim 2, characterized by substantially horizontal reinforcing crosspieces (15), connecting two by two the above-mentioned front and rear masts; the devices for fixing each cross member to a mast comprising a collar means (16), fixed to said cross member, and in which said mast can rotate. 4. Navire selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce qu'une encoche (23), notamment carrée, rectangulaire ou trapézoïdale est prévue dans l'aileron précité au niveau du collier (16) précité.4. Ship according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that a notch (23), in particular square, rectangular or trapezoidal is provided in the aforementioned fin at the collar (16) above. 5. Navire selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par des moyens de fixation des haubans (26) à travers les traverses (15) précitées.5. Ship according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by means of fixing the shrouds (26) through the aforementioned crosspieces (15). 6. Navire selon l'une des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la structure pyramidale (7) précitée comprend deux triangles avant (31) et arrière (32) constitués de tubes (10a-10d) reçus, de façon pivotante dans les extrémités supérieures, (6a-6d) des mâts (4a-4d) précités, et rendus solidaires l'un de l'autre.6. Ship according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the aforementioned pyramidal structure (7) comprises two front (31) and rear (32) triangles made up of tubes (10a-10d) pivotally received in the upper ends (6a-6d) of the masts (4a-4d) mentioned above, and made integral with one another. 7. Navire selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de solidarisation précités comprennent une plaque de liaison (33) prévue entre les tubes constituant l'un des triangles précités venant en appui forcé contre une plaque (34) intercalaire prévue entre les plaques (35,36) reliant les tubes de l'autre triangle.7. Vessel according to claim 6, characterized in that the aforementioned securing means comprise a connecting plate (33) provided between the tubes constituting one of the aforementioned triangles coming into forced abutment against an intermediate plate (34) provided between the plates (35,36) connecting the tubes of the other triangle. 8. Navire selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de liaison entre les coques (2,3) précitées sont constitués de tubes télescopiques (38).8. Ship according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting elements between the aforementioned hulls (2,3) consist of telescopic tubes (38). 9. Navire selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par des moyens (41) de réglage de la position angulaire de chacun des éléments précités.9. Ship according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by means (41) for adjusting the angular position of each of the above elements. 10. Navire selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que chaque moyen (41) de réglage précité comprend une première poulie (42) solidaire de l'extrémité inférieure du mât précité et pivotant autour de l'axe longitudinal du mât, poulie.où est enroulé, d'un tour complet, et fixé le câble (43) de commande ; et un système de poulie (44) de renvoi pour diriger les deux parties dudit câble dans une direction sensiblement parallèle à l'axe longitudinal du navire jusqu'à un tambour (45) rotatif autour d'un axe sensiblement perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal du navire et manoeuvré par un volant (46).10. Ship according to claim 9, characterized in that each aforementioned adjustment means (41) comprises a first pulley (42) integral with the lower end of the aforementioned mast and pivoting around the longitudinal axis of the mast, pulley. is wound, a full turn, and fixed the control cable (43); and a deflection pulley system (44) for directing the two parts of said cable in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ship to a drum (45) rotatable about an axis substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the ship and operated by a steering wheel (46). 11. Navire selon l'une des revendications précédentes, du type comprenant au moins une voile (47) triangulaire pivotante suspendue au point de jonction des mâts précités, caractérisé en ce que le point d'application de l'axe (48) de la bôme (49) est situé sensiblement au cinquième de sa longueur à partir de l'avant.11. Ship according to one of the preceding claims, of the type comprising at least one pivoting triangular sail (47) suspended from the junction of the aforementioned masts, characterized in that the point of application of the axis (48) of the boom (49) is located substantially one-fifth of its length from the front. 12. Navire selon la revendication 11, caractérisé par un dispositif (50) de mise en tension de l'étai (51) sur lequel le bord d'attaque de la voile (47) précitée est fixé.12. Ship according to claim 11, characterized by a device (50) for tensioning the forestay (51) on which the leading edge of the sail (47) above is fixed. 13. Navire selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de mise sous tension précité est constitué par un palan (54) tirant sur ledit étai.13. Ship according to claim 12, characterized in that the aforementioned tensioning device consists of a hoist (54) pulling on said forestay. 14. Navire selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de mise sous tension précité est constitué par un palan commandant un câble tirant de bas en haut sur un chemin de roulement (55) semi-circulaire.14. Ship according to claim 12, characterized in that the aforementioned tensioning device is constituted by a hoist controlling a cable pulling from bottom to top on a semi-circular raceway (55). 15.,Navire selon l'une des revendications précédentes dont chaque coque est équipée d'un gouvernail (59,60) commandé par une même barre (61), caractérisé par un dispositif de réglage (62) de la position angulaire relative d'un gouvernail par rapport à l'autre.15., Vessel according to one of the preceding claims in which each hull is equipped with a rudder (59,60) controlled by the same bar (61), characterized by a device for adjusting (62) the relative angular position of one rudder relative to the other. 16. Navire selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que chaque gouvernail (59,60) précité est relié à la barre (61) précitée par un système de poulies et de câble (65,66), une extrémité dudit câble (65,66) étant fixée à ladite barre (61) et l'autre extrémité étant fixée à un coulisseau (67,68) muni d'un galet (69,70) pouvant se déplacer dans une lumière oblongue (71,72) ménagée dans un bâti (73) solidaire de ladite barre (61) et dont l'axe longitudinal est sensiblement parallèle à l'axe longitudinal de ladite barre, et en ce qu'une butée réglable (74) permet de limiter, de façon prédéterminée, le déplacement d'un galet dans un sens, dans ladite lumière.16. Ship according to claim 15, characterized in that each aforementioned rudder (59,60) is connected to the aforementioned bar (61) by a system of pulleys and cable (65,66), one end of said cable (65, 66) being fixed to said bar (61) and the other end being fixed to a slide (67,68) provided with a roller (69,70) which can move in an oblong opening (71,72) formed in a frame (73) integral with said bar (61) and whose longitudinal axis is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said bar, and in that an adjustable stop (74) makes it possible to limit, in a predetermined manner, the movement of a roller in one direction, in said lumen. 17. Navire selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'aileron précité est réalisé en une seule pièce.17. Ship according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the aforementioned fin is made in one piece. 18. Navire selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que l'aileron précité comprend au moins une traverse (15a;15b,15c)montée sensiblement perpendiculairement audit aileron et à laquelle sont associés des haubans, de préférence en forme de losange, pour assurer la rigidité de l'aileron suivant son épaisseur.18. Vessel according to claim 17, characterized in that the aforementioned fin comprises at least one crosspiece (15a; 15b, 15c) mounted substantially perpendicular to said fin and with which are connected shrouds, preferably in the form of a diamond, to ensure the rigidity of the fin according to its thickness. 19. Navire selon la revendication 18, caractérisé en ce que chaque traverse précitée est démontable de l'aileron précité.19. Ship according to claim 18, characterized in that each aforementioned cross member is removable from the aforementioned fin.
EP84400943A 1983-05-09 1984-05-09 Vessel with at least two connected hulls, and with several masts Expired EP0126679B1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8307747 1983-05-09
FR8307747A FR2545781B1 (en) 1983-05-09 1983-05-09 SHIP WITH AT LEAST TWO TWIN HULLS

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EP0126679A1 true EP0126679A1 (en) 1984-11-28
EP0126679B1 EP0126679B1 (en) 1987-01-07

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US (1) US4603648A (en)
EP (1) EP0126679B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3461905D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2545781B1 (en)

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EP0321425A1 (en) * 1987-12-17 1989-06-21 Mario Biagioli Masting for sailboats

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WO2009153787A1 (en) * 2008-06-18 2009-12-23 Guy Gavish A system for transformation of ocean wave energy into useful energy
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EP0255945A3 (en) * 1986-08-07 1988-08-10 Karl-Heinz Guergen Boat with multiple hulls
EP0321425A1 (en) * 1987-12-17 1989-06-21 Mario Biagioli Masting for sailboats

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3461905D1 (en) 1987-02-12
EP0126679B1 (en) 1987-01-07
FR2545781A1 (en) 1984-11-16
FR2545781B1 (en) 1985-08-30
US4603648A (en) 1986-08-05

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