EP0481897A1 - Movable rig for planing sailboats and sailing vessel comprising at least one planing hull equipped with this rig - Google Patents

Movable rig for planing sailboats and sailing vessel comprising at least one planing hull equipped with this rig Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0481897A1
EP0481897A1 EP91402786A EP91402786A EP0481897A1 EP 0481897 A1 EP0481897 A1 EP 0481897A1 EP 91402786 A EP91402786 A EP 91402786A EP 91402786 A EP91402786 A EP 91402786A EP 0481897 A1 EP0481897 A1 EP 0481897A1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mast
rigging
elastic
machine
hull
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EP91402786A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0481897B1 (en
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Francois Naslin
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
    • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
    • B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B15/00—Superstructures, deckhouses, wheelhouses or the like; Arrangements or adaptations of masts or spars, e.g. bowsprits
    • B63B15/02—Staying of masts or of other superstructures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mobile rigging for a sailing nautical machine comprising at least one planing hull.
  • the present invention also relates to a sailing nautical machine comprising at least one planing hull provided with such a mobile rigging.
  • the present invention relates more particularly to a mobile rigging for a nautical sailboat comprising at least one planing hull, this rigging comprising for the attachment of a sail at least one mast whose inclination on the longitudinal axis of the craft can be adjusted at any time when the mast is erected and able to receive a sail for propelling the machine, the foot of the mast being pivotally mounted about an axis transverse to the hull of the machine, the rigging comprising also at least one forestay and two side stays respectively stretched between a point on the upper part of the mast and two anchor points located on the hull on either side thereof and which are articulations connected to the hull and located substantially on the pivot axis of the mast.
  • a mobile rigging of the aforementioned type which comprises a rigid forestay of variable length fixed pivotally at its ends respectively at fixed points of the hull and the mast : the forestay comprises an internally threaded tubular outer part and an externally threaded inner part which is screwed or unscrewed in the tubular part when one of these parts is rotated relative to the other in one direction or in the another by means of a reel actuated by an endless sheet operated manually.
  • Such rigging gives full satisfaction to its users: it allows in particular to tilt the mast backwards when the hull of the machine planes out under the effect of the speed of the craft, like on a windsurfing board.
  • the object of the present invention is to simplify the known mobile rigging while simultaneously modifying the hollow of the sail.
  • this mobile rig is characterized in that the front stay has an elastic stretch part, in that the sheet of the sail passes around at least one deflection pulley connected to the hull, and in that that the return pulley is fixed to means for adjusting its position in the transverse direction relative to the hull.
  • the mobile rigging according to the present invention is therefore of a simpler structure and a more flexible handling than the aforementioned known mobile rigging.
  • the user of the machine tends to listen to the sail, he borders the sail which transmits to the pivoting mast a traction having a horizontal component directed towards the rear. Under the action of this component, the elastic part of the forestay stretches and the mast tilts towards the rear of the machine. Thus, as the planing hull of the machine planes out, the user of the machine can tilt the mast backwards.
  • the sail is adjusted in relation to the hull at different speeds by moving the deflection pulley transversely.
  • the elastic part is a bundle of elastic wires arranged between two attachment points.
  • the sailing craft comprising at least one planing hull covered by the invention is characterized in that it comprises a mobile rigging in accordance with the present invention.
  • the planing hull 1 of the substantially flat-bottomed windsurfing-type machine 2 already described in the aforementioned FR-A-2-637 562 and which it is therefore unnecessary to describe again in detail here, has a fin 15, a rudder 16 maneuvered by means of a bar 17; it has on its upper part a central bulge 12 having on each side of the machine tubular lateral sleeves 6,7 allowing the fixing of tubular elements (not shown) which carry a lateral platform (not shown) capable of receiving team members seated side by side.
  • the mast 24 capable of receiving a sail 25 is pivotally mounted about an axis transverse to the shell 1 and can tilt forward or backward thereof.
  • the mast is retained laterally by two guy lines (not shown) of fixed length, the anchor points of which are located on the pivot axis of the mast.
  • the front stay 80 has an extendable elastic part 81, and the sheet 53 of the sail 25 passes around at least one deflection pulley 55 fixed to the hull 1 of the machine.
  • the extensible elastic part is in the example shown a bundle 81 of elastic threads disposed between two attachment points which are, for example, carabiners 82, 83.
  • the bundle consists for example of an elastic thread passing several times alternately in each of the carabiners 82, 83, but could also have any other known structure, for example being a braided bundle of elastic threads.
  • the lower carabiner 82 of the beam 81 is connected to the hull 1 by means of a tensioning element 84 constituted by a halyard 85 wound on two pulleys 86, 87 and locked by a cleat 88 on the hull 1.
  • the pulley 86 is fixed to the carabiner 82 and the pulley 87 is fixed to the hull 2 at the point of attachment of the forestay 80 thereon.
  • the tensioning element 84 makes it possible by tensioning the halyard 85 to pretend the elastic beam 81.
  • the halyard 85 has between the pulley 87 and the stopper 88 a thickening 85 a, for example a knot, intended to remain blocked in the pulley 87.
  • the upper part 89 of the forestay 80 is for example a wire rope.
  • the free end of the sheet 53 of the sail 25 has a thickening 90 intended to remain blocked on the deflection pulley 55.
  • This thickening 90 is for example a simple knot.
  • the sheet 53 is either held in the hand by the helmsman of the machine, or blocked in a cleat 91.
  • the return pulley 55 is slidably attached to a transverse sheet rail 57 as already described in the aforementioned FR-A-2 637 562.
  • the extensible elastic part 92 is telescopic and consists of a tubular external part 93 and an internal part 94 inserted inside the tubular part 93 and recalled inside this the latter by a return spring 95 arranged to work in compression.
  • This telescopic elastic part 92 could be associated with the tensioning element 84 described above.
  • This telescopic elastic part 92 can be associated with the cable 89.
  • the rod 94 could be extended to the point of attachment to the mast to form a rigid stay.
  • the craft 103 is of the catamaran type and comprises two hulls 104, 105 which are two planing hulls of the windsurfing type.
  • the two shells are connected to one another by two crosspieces 110, 111.
  • the front crosspiece 110 carries the pivoting mast 24 and the two shrouds 27 which are fixed respectively to the crosspiece 110 by articulations 28 and which can pivot towards forward or backward.
  • the rear cross member 111 serves as a listening rail on which moves the return pulley 55 around which the sheet 53 of the sail 25 passes.
  • the two planing hulls are, for example and advantageously, hulls of the windsurfing type comprising a central bulge of the kind described in the aforementioned FR-A-2 637 562: the crosspieces 110, 111, the two fins and the two rudders are thus fixed respectively on these central bulges.
  • the front forestay comprises a cable 89, an elastic part 81 and a tensioning element 106.
  • This tensioning element 106 is constituted by a halyard 85.
  • One end of the halyard 85 is fixed at 114 to the hull 105.
  • the halyard 85 is wound on at least two pulleys 107, 108, fixed respectively to the lower part of the elastic part 81 and to the shell 104.
  • the clip 114 and the pulley 108 could, as a variant, also be installed on a third crosspiece (not shown) connecting the two hulls at their front end so as to avoid pulling the two front ends of the hulls inwards when the halyard is stretched 85.
  • the other end of the halyard 85 is passed through a cleat 112 and has beyond it a thickening 113, for example a knot, intended to remain trapped in the cleat 112 if the corresponding end of the halyard is released .
  • a thickening 113 for example a knot
  • the node 90 on the sheet 53 limits the movement of the rigging forward.
  • the setting of the sail 25 at different gaits is obtained by moving the pulley 55 on the sheet rail 57.
  • the user of the machine can thus very easily, when the machine planes and planes at full speed under the action of the wind, tilt the mast and the sail towards the rear of the machine without any additional maneuver, while tending simply its sail sheet, to lower the lower edge of the sail to the upper edge of the hull.
  • the machine can thus make maximum use of the wind thrust like an ordinary windsurfing board and reach speeds close to those reached by windsurfing boards.
  • the telescopic element 92 may have a limited length and be extended by a cable 89.
  • the halyard circuit 85 can also be modified in any way.
  • the telescopic part 92 may have a structure different from that shown, and the spring function may be provided in particular by pneumatic or mechanical means equivalent to those described.
  • the extensible part / tensioning element assembly can be constituted by a hydropneumatic device or by a pneumatic cylinder with adjustable pressure.
  • the hulls 104 and 105 of the catamaran 103 of FIG. 4 can be planing hulls of any type.
  • the various embodiments described above of the mobile rigging of the present invention can be mounted on a monohull or multihull machine with any planing hull (s).
  • the return pulley 55 is then fixed at a point on this halyard between the two aforementioned pulleys.
  • It can also be formed by a halyard in a closed circuit wound around four pulleys disposed respectively at the ends of the cross-member 111 and of the two rear ends of the two planing shells.
  • the cable 89 can be passed through a deflection pulley at one or the other of the ends of the forestay 80 so as to place the corresponding anchoring point, and the extensible elastic part 81, 92, in a place any different from that described, for example inside or along the mast, or inside or along the (or a) planing hull.
  • a rigid sail or a flexible sail fitted with a "wishbone” can also be used at will. In such a case, it is no longer possible to flatten or dig the sail, and such a device only allows the tilting function of the mast and the sail to be fulfilled.

Abstract

The foot of the mast (24) is mounted pivotably about an axis which is transverse in relation to the hull (104, 105) of the vessel; the rig also comprises at least one stay (80) and two lateral shrouds (27) which are respectively stretched between a point of the upper part of the mast (24) and two anchorage points (28) which are situated on the hull (104, 105) on either side of the same and which are articulations (28) connected to the hull (104, 105) and situated essentially on the axis of pivoting of the mast (24). The stay (80) has an elastic extensible part (81) and the sheet (53) of the sail (25) passes around a return pulley (55) which is fixed to means (57) for adjusting its position in the transverse direction in relation to the hull (104, 105). Used in particular for adjusting at any moment the inclination of the mast on the longitudinal axis of the vessel. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un gréement mobile pour un engin nautique à voile comportant au moins une coque planante.The present invention relates to a mobile rigging for a sailing nautical machine comprising at least one planing hull.

La présente invention concerne également un engin nautique à voile comportant au moins une coque planante pourvu d'un tel gréement mobile.The present invention also relates to a sailing nautical machine comprising at least one planing hull provided with such a mobile rigging.

La présente invention concerne plus particulièrement un gréement mobile pour un engin nautique à voile comportant au moins une coque planante, ce gréement comportant pour la fixation d'une voile au moins un mât dont l'inclinaison sur l'axe longitudinal de l'engin peut être réglée à tout instant lorsque le mât est dressé et apte à recevoir une voile pour la propulsion de l'engin, le pied du mât étant monté pivotant autour d'un axe transversal par rapport à la coque de l'engin, le gréement comportant également au moins un étai et deux haubans latéraux respectivement tendus entre un point de la partie supérieure du mât et deux points d'ancrage situés sur la coque de part et d'autre de celle-ci et qui sont des articulations reliées à la coque et situées sensiblement sur l'axe de pivotement du mât.The present invention relates more particularly to a mobile rigging for a nautical sailboat comprising at least one planing hull, this rigging comprising for the attachment of a sail at least one mast whose inclination on the longitudinal axis of the craft can be adjusted at any time when the mast is erected and able to receive a sail for propelling the machine, the foot of the mast being pivotally mounted about an axis transverse to the hull of the machine, the rigging comprising also at least one forestay and two side stays respectively stretched between a point on the upper part of the mast and two anchor points located on the hull on either side thereof and which are articulations connected to the hull and located substantially on the pivot axis of the mast.

On connaît d'après le FR-A-2 637 562 au nom du présent inventeur un gréement mobile du type précité qui comporte un étai rigide de longueur variable fixé de façon pivotante à ses extrémités respectivement en des points fixes de la coque et du mât : l'étai comprend une partie extérieure tubulaire filetée intérieurement et une partie intérieure filetée extérieurement qui se visse ou se dévisse dans la partie tubulaire quand on fait tourner l'une de ces parties par rapport à l'autre dans un sens ou dans l'autre au moyen d'un moulinet actionné par une écoute sans fin manoeuvrée manuellement.We know from FR-A-2 637 562 in the name of the present inventor a mobile rigging of the aforementioned type which comprises a rigid forestay of variable length fixed pivotally at its ends respectively at fixed points of the hull and the mast : the forestay comprises an internally threaded tubular outer part and an externally threaded inner part which is screwed or unscrewed in the tubular part when one of these parts is rotated relative to the other in one direction or in the another by means of a reel actuated by an endless sheet operated manually.

Un tel gréement donne toute satisfaction à ses utilisateurs : il permet en particulier d'incliner le mât vers l'arrière lorsque la coque de l'engin déjauge sous l'effet de la vitesse de l'engin, comme sur une planche à voile.Such rigging gives full satisfaction to its users: it allows in particular to tilt the mast backwards when the hull of the machine planes out under the effect of the speed of the craft, like on a windsurfing board.

Le but de la présente invention est de simplifier le gréement mobile connu tout en modifiant simultanément le creux de la voile.The object of the present invention is to simplify the known mobile rigging while simultaneously modifying the hollow of the sail.

Suivant la présente invention, ce gréement mobile est caractérisé en ce que l'étai avant présente une partie élastique extensible, en ce que l'écoute de la voile passe autour d'au moins une poulie de renvoi reliée à la coque, et en ce que la poulie de renvoi est fixée à des moyens pour régler sa position dans la direction transversale par rapport à la coque.According to the present invention, this mobile rig is characterized in that the front stay has an elastic stretch part, in that the sheet of the sail passes around at least one deflection pulley connected to the hull, and in that that the return pulley is fixed to means for adjusting its position in the transverse direction relative to the hull.

L'écoute de réglage de la longueur de l'étai, l'étai rigide, la vis et le moulinet sont supprimés, de sorte que la présence d'un équipier n'est plus nécessaire. Le gréement mobile selon la présente invention est donc d'une structure plus simple et d'un maniement plus souple que le gréement mobile connu précité.The stay for adjusting the length of the forestay, the rigid forestay, the screw and the reel are eliminated, so that the presence of a team member is no longer necessary. The mobile rigging according to the present invention is therefore of a simpler structure and a more flexible handling than the aforementioned known mobile rigging.

L'écoute de la voile permet ainsi à l'utilisateur de l'engin de régler en une seule opération le creux de la voile et l'inclinaison du mât.Listening to the sail thus allows the user of the machine to adjust the hollow of the sail and the inclination of the mast in a single operation.

Si l'utilisateur de l'engin tend l'écoute de voile, il borde la voile qui transmet au mât pivotant une traction ayant une composante horizontale dirigée vers l'arrière. Sous l'action de cette composante, la partie élastique de l'étai s'étire et le mât s'incline vers l'arrière de l'engin. Ainsi, au fur et à mesure que la coque planante de l'engin déjauge, l'utilisateur de l'engin peut incliner le mât vers l'arrière.If the user of the machine tends to listen to the sail, he borders the sail which transmits to the pivoting mast a traction having a horizontal component directed towards the rear. Under the action of this component, the elastic part of the forestay stretches and the mast tilts towards the rear of the machine. Thus, as the planing hull of the machine planes out, the user of the machine can tilt the mast backwards.

Si au contraire, l'utilisateur de l'engin relâche l'écoute de la voile, la partie élastique de l'étai rappelle le mât vers l'avant.If, on the contrary, the user of the machine relaxes listening to the sail, the elastic part of the forestay recalls the mast forwards.

Le réglage de la voile par rapport à la coque aux différentes allures s'effectue en déplaçant transversalement la poulie de renvoi.The sail is adjusted in relation to the hull at different speeds by moving the deflection pulley transversely.

Suivant une version préférée de la présente invention, la partie élastique est un faisceau de fils élastiques disposés entre deux points d'attache.According to a preferred version of the present invention, the elastic part is a bundle of elastic wires arranged between two attachment points.

On obtient ainsi un mode de réalisation extrêmement simple de la présente invention.An extremely simple embodiment of the present invention is thus obtained.

Suivant un autre aspect de la présente invention, l'engin à voile comportant au moins une coque planante visé par l'invention est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un gréement mobile conforme à la présente invention.According to another aspect of the present invention, the sailing craft comprising at least one planing hull covered by the invention is characterized in that it comprises a mobile rigging in accordance with the present invention.

D'autres particularités et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront dans la description ci-après.Other features and advantages of the present invention will appear in the description below.

Aux dessins annexés, donnés uniquement à titre d'exemples non limitatifs,

  • la figure 1 est une vue en élévation de côté d'un engin nautique à coque à voile muni d'un gréement mobile conforme à un mode de réalisation de la présente invention, les plates-formes latérales n'étant pas représentées pour la clarté du dessin, le mât se trouvant sensiblement dans sa position extrême vers l'avant ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue semblable à la figure 1, le mât se trouvant sensiblement dans sa position extrême vers l'arrière ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue partielle agrandie avec arrachement d'un détail d'un autre mode de réalisation de la partie élastique extensible de la présente invention ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue schématique en perspective d'un autre mode de réalisation d'un engin à voile de la présente invention.
In the accompanying drawings, given solely by way of nonlimiting examples,
  • Figure 1 is a side elevational view of a sailing vessel with a sailing hull provided with a mobile rigging according to an embodiment of the present invention, the side platforms not being shown for clarity of the drawing, the mast being substantially in its extreme forward position;
  • Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1, the mast being substantially in its extreme rearward position;
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged partial view with cutaway of a detail of another embodiment of the elastic elastic part of the present invention;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of a sailboat of the present invention.

Dans la réalisation représentée aux figures 1 et 2, la coque planante 1 de l'engin du genre planche à voile à fond 2 sensiblement plat déjà décrit dans le FR-A-2-637 562 précité et qu'il est donc inutile de décrire de nouveau en détail ici, porte une dérive 15, un safran 16 manoeuvré au moyen d'une barre 17 ; elle comporte sur sa partie supérieure un renflement central 12 présentant de chaque côté de l'engin des manchons latéraux tubulaires 6,7 permettant la fixation d'éléments tubulaires (non représentés) qui portent une plate-forme latérale (non représentée) susceptible de recevoir des équipiers assis côte à côte.In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the planing hull 1 of the substantially flat-bottomed windsurfing-type machine 2 already described in the aforementioned FR-A-2-637 562 and which it is therefore unnecessary to describe again in detail here, has a fin 15, a rudder 16 maneuvered by means of a bar 17; it has on its upper part a central bulge 12 having on each side of the machine tubular lateral sleeves 6,7 allowing the fixing of tubular elements (not shown) which carry a lateral platform (not shown) capable of receiving team members seated side by side.

Le mât 24 apte à recevoir une voile 25 est monté de façon pivotante autour d'un axe transversal par rapport à la coque 1 et peut s'incliner vers l'avant ou vers l'arrière de celui-ci. Le mât est retenu latéralement par deux haubans (non représentés) de longueur fixe dont les points d'ancrage sont situés sur l'axe de pivotement du mât.The mast 24 capable of receiving a sail 25 is pivotally mounted about an axis transverse to the shell 1 and can tilt forward or backward thereof. The mast is retained laterally by two guy lines (not shown) of fixed length, the anchor points of which are located on the pivot axis of the mast.

Dans la réalisation représentée aux figures, l'étai avant 80 présente une partie élastique extensible 81, et l'écoute 53 de la voile 25 passe autour d'au moins une poulie de renvoi 55 fixée à la coque 1 de l'engin.In the embodiment shown in the figures, the front stay 80 has an extendable elastic part 81, and the sheet 53 of the sail 25 passes around at least one deflection pulley 55 fixed to the hull 1 of the machine.

La partie élastique extensible est dans l'exemple représenté un faisceau 81 de fils élastiques disposés entre deux points d'attache qui sont par exemple des mousquetons 82,83. Le faisceau est constitué par exemple d'un fil élastique passant plusieurs fois alternativement dans chacun des mousquetons 82, 83, mais pourrait aussi avoir une autre structure connue quelconque, par exemple être un faisceau tressé de fils élastiques.The extensible elastic part is in the example shown a bundle 81 of elastic threads disposed between two attachment points which are, for example, carabiners 82, 83. The bundle consists for example of an elastic thread passing several times alternately in each of the carabiners 82, 83, but could also have any other known structure, for example being a braided bundle of elastic threads.

Le mousqueton inférieur 82 du faisceau 81 est relié à la coque 1 par l'intermédiaire d'un élément tendeur 84 constitué par une drisse 85 enroulée sur deux poulies 86, 87 et bloquée par un taquet 88 sur la coque 1. La poulie 86 est fixée au mousqueton 82 et la poulie 87 est fixée sur la coque 2 au point d'attache de l'étai 80 sur celle-ci.The lower carabiner 82 of the beam 81 is connected to the hull 1 by means of a tensioning element 84 constituted by a halyard 85 wound on two pulleys 86, 87 and locked by a cleat 88 on the hull 1. The pulley 86 is fixed to the carabiner 82 and the pulley 87 is fixed to the hull 2 at the point of attachment of the forestay 80 thereon.

L'élément tendeur 84 permet en tendant la drisse 85 de prétendre le faisceau élastique 81. La drisse 85 présente entre la poulie 87 et le taquet 88 un épaississement 85 a, par exemple un noeud, destiné à rester bloqué dans la poulie 87. La partie supérieure 89 de l'étai 80 est par exemple un câble métallique.The tensioning element 84 makes it possible by tensioning the halyard 85 to pretend the elastic beam 81. The halyard 85 has between the pulley 87 and the stopper 88 a thickening 85 a, for example a knot, intended to remain blocked in the pulley 87. The upper part 89 of the forestay 80 is for example a wire rope.

Pour éviter que le mât 24 ne pivote et ne tombe vers l'avant, l'extrémité libre de l'écoute 53 de la voile 25 comporte un épaississement 90 destiné à rester bloqué sur la poulie de renvoi 55. Cet épaississement 90 est par exemple un simple noeud. En cours d'utilisation de l'engin, l'écoute 53 est soit tenue à la main par le barreur de l'engin, soit bloquée dans un taquet 91.To prevent the mast 24 from pivoting and falling forward, the free end of the sheet 53 of the sail 25 has a thickening 90 intended to remain blocked on the deflection pulley 55. This thickening 90 is for example a simple knot. During use of the machine, the sheet 53 is either held in the hand by the helmsman of the machine, or blocked in a cleat 91.

Enfin, la poulie de renvoi 55 est fixée de manière coulissante sur un rail d'écoute transversal 57 comme déjà décrit dans le FR-A-2 637 562 précité.Finally, the return pulley 55 is slidably attached to a transverse sheet rail 57 as already described in the aforementioned FR-A-2 637 562.

Dans la réalisation de la figure 3, la partie élastique extensible 92 est télescopique et se compose d'une partie extérieure tubulaire 93 et d'une partie intérieure 94 insérée à l'intérieur de la partie tubulaire 93 et rappelée à l'intérieur de cette dernière par un ressort de rappel 95 agencé pour travailler en compression. Cette partie élastique télescopique 92 pourrait être associée à l'élément tendeur 84 décrit ci-dessus.In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the extensible elastic part 92 is telescopic and consists of a tubular external part 93 and an internal part 94 inserted inside the tubular part 93 and recalled inside this the latter by a return spring 95 arranged to work in compression. This telescopic elastic part 92 could be associated with the tensioning element 84 described above.

Cette partie élastique télescopique 92 peut être associée au câble 89. En variante, la tige 94 pourrait être prolongée jusqu'au point d'attache sur le mât pour constituer un étai rigide.This telescopic elastic part 92 can be associated with the cable 89. As a variant, the rod 94 could be extended to the point of attachment to the mast to form a rigid stay.

Dans la réalisation représentée à la figure 4, l'engin 103 est du genre catamaran et comporte deux coques 104, 105 qui sont deux coques planantes du type planche à voile. Les deux coques sont reliées l'une à l'autre par deux traverses 110, 111. La traverse avant 110 porte le mât pivotant 24 et les deux haubans 27 qui sont fixés respectivement à la traverse 110 par des articulations 28 et qui peuvent pivoter vers l'avant ou vers l'arrière. La traverse arrière 111 sert de rail d'écoute sur lequel se déplace la poulie de renvoi 55 autour de laquelle passe l'écoute 53 de la voile 25.In the embodiment shown in Figure 4, the craft 103 is of the catamaran type and comprises two hulls 104, 105 which are two planing hulls of the windsurfing type. The two shells are connected to one another by two crosspieces 110, 111. The front crosspiece 110 carries the pivoting mast 24 and the two shrouds 27 which are fixed respectively to the crosspiece 110 by articulations 28 and which can pivot towards forward or backward. The rear cross member 111 serves as a listening rail on which moves the return pulley 55 around which the sheet 53 of the sail 25 passes.

Les deux coques planantes sont, par exemple et avantageusement, des coques du type planche à voile comportant un renflement central du genre décrit dans le FR-A- 2 637 562 précité : les traverses 110, 111, les deux dérives et les deux safrans sont ainsi fixés respectivement sur ces renflements centraux.The two planing hulls are, for example and advantageously, hulls of the windsurfing type comprising a central bulge of the kind described in the aforementioned FR-A-2 637 562: the crosspieces 110, 111, the two fins and the two rudders are thus fixed respectively on these central bulges.

L'étai avant comporte un câble 89, une partie élastique 81 et un élément tendeur 106. Cet élément tendeur 106 est constitué par une drisse 85. Une extrémité de la drisse 85 est fixée en 114 sur la coque 105. La drisse 85 est enroulée sur au moins deux poulies 107, 108, fixées respectivement à la partie inférieure de la partie élastique 81 et sur la coque 104. L'attache 114 et la poulie 108 pourraient, en variante, être aussi installées sur une troisième traverse (non représentée) reliant les deux coques à leur extrémité avant de manière à éviter de tirer les deux extrémités avant des coques vers l'intérieur quand on tend la drisse 85.The front forestay comprises a cable 89, an elastic part 81 and a tensioning element 106. This tensioning element 106 is constituted by a halyard 85. One end of the halyard 85 is fixed at 114 to the hull 105. The halyard 85 is wound on at least two pulleys 107, 108, fixed respectively to the lower part of the elastic part 81 and to the shell 104. The clip 114 and the pulley 108 could, as a variant, also be installed on a third crosspiece (not shown) connecting the two hulls at their front end so as to avoid pulling the two front ends of the hulls inwards when the halyard is stretched 85.

L'autre extrémité de la drisse 85 est passée dans un taquet 112 et présente au-delà de celui-ci un épaississement 113, par exemple un noeud, destiné à rester coincé dans le taquet 112 si on lâche l'extrémité correspondante de la drisse.The other end of the halyard 85 is passed through a cleat 112 and has beyond it a thickening 113, for example a knot, intended to remain trapped in the cleat 112 if the corresponding end of the halyard is released .

On va maintenant décrire brièvement le fonctionnement du gréement mobile de la présente invention représenté aux figures 1 à 4.We will now briefly describe the operation of the mobile rigging of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 4.

Le fait de tendre l'écoute 53 de la voile 25 a pour effet de faire basculer le gréement vers l'arrière de l'engin en tendant le faisceau élastique 81 (voir figure 2) ou en comprimant le ressort 95 de la figure 3.The fact of stretching the sheet 53 of the sail 25 has the effect of tilting the rigging towards the rear of the machine by stretching the elastic beam 81 (see FIG. 2) or by compressing the spring 95 of FIG. 3.

Au contraire, si on relâche l'écoute 53, l'effort de rappel du faisceau élastique 81 ou du ressort 95 a pour effet de ramener le gréement dans sa position avant (figure 1).On the contrary, if the sheet 53 is released, the effort to return the elastic beam 81 or the spring 95 has the effect of bringing the rigging back to its front position (FIG. 1).

Le noeud 90 sur l'écoute 53 limite le débattement du gréement vers l'avant.The node 90 on the sheet 53 limits the movement of the rigging forward.

On peut prétendre le faisceau élastique 81 ou le ressort 95 au moyen de l'élément tendeur 84 ou 106, en particulier en cas de vent relativement fort.One can pretend the elastic beam 81 or the spring 95 by means of the tensioning element 84 or 106, in particular in the event of a relatively strong wind.

Le réglage de la voile 25 aux différentes allures (près, largue, grand largue) s'obtient en déplaçant la poulie 55 sur le rail d'écoute 57.The setting of the sail 25 at different gaits (near, drop, large drop) is obtained by moving the pulley 55 on the sheet rail 57.

Simultanément, on obtient un creux maximal de la voile 25 lorsque l'écoute 53 est relâchée et que le faisceau élastique 81 (ou le ressort 95) est détendu par vent faible à petite vitesse.Simultaneously, a maximum hollow of the sail 25 is obtained when the sheet 53 is released and the elastic beam 81 (or the spring 95) is relaxed in light wind at low speed.

On obtient par contre un profil de voile plus plat, avec l'écoute 53 tendue et le faisceau élastique 81 tendu, (ou le ressort 95 comprimé) à grande vitesse.On the other hand, a flatter sail profile is obtained, with the sheet 53 stretched and the elastic bundle 81 stretched, (or the spring 95 compressed) at high speed.

L'utilisateur de l'engin peut ainsi très facilement, lorsque l'engin plane et déjauge à pleine vitesse sous l'action du vent, incliner le mât et la voile vers l'arrière de l'engin sans aucune manoeuvre supplémentaire, en tendant simplement son écoute de voile, pour abaisser le bord inférieur de la voile jusqu'au bord supérieur de la coque. L'engin peut ainsi utiliser au maximum la poussée du vent comme une planche à voile ordinaire et atteindre des vitesses voisines de celles atteintes par les planches à voile.The user of the machine can thus very easily, when the machine planes and planes at full speed under the action of the wind, tilt the mast and the sail towards the rear of the machine without any additional maneuver, while tending simply its sail sheet, to lower the lower edge of the sail to the upper edge of the hull. The machine can thus make maximum use of the wind thrust like an ordinary windsurfing board and reach speeds close to those reached by windsurfing boards.

De même, quand le catamaran 103 à coques planantes déjauge en prenant de la vitesse, son utilisateur peut incliner progressivement le mât et la voile vers l'arrière, comme ci-dessus, de façon à atteindre des vitesses voisines de celles atteintes par les planches à voile ordinaires.Similarly, when the catamaran 103 with planing hulls planes while gaining speed, its user can gradually tilt the mast and sail backwards, as above, so as to reach speeds close to those reached by the boards. ordinary sailing.

A faible vitesse lorsque les coques ne déjaugent pas ou après un virement de bord qui a immobilisé l'engin, il y a lieu de lâcher l'écoute pour faire basculer le gréement en avant.At low speed when the hulls are not planing or after a tack which has immobilized the machine, it is necessary to let go of the sheet to tilt the rigging forward.

Bien entendu, la présente invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation représentés et on peut apporter à ceux-ci de nombreux changements et modifications sans sortir du domaine de l'invention.Of course, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown and many changes and modifications can be made to them without departing from the scope of the invention.

On peut ainsi utiliser un faisceau élastique 81 (ou une partie télescopique 92) sans l'élément tendeur 84 ou 106. On peut également intervertir les positions respectives de l'élément tendeur 84, du faisceau élastique 81 et du câble 89 sur l'étai 80. L'élément télescopique 92 peut avoir une longueur limitée et être prolongé par un câble 89. On peut également modifier d'une manière quelconque le circuit de la drisse 85.It is thus possible to use an elastic beam 81 (or a telescopic part 92) without the tensioning element 84 or 106. It is also possible to invert the respective positions of the tensioning element 84, of the elastic beam 81 and of the cable 89 on the forestay 80. The telescopic element 92 may have a limited length and be extended by a cable 89. The halyard circuit 85 can also be modified in any way.

La partie télescopique 92 peut avoir une structure différente de celle représentée, et la fonction ressort peut-être assurée notamment par des moyens pneumatiques ou mécaniques équivalents de ceux décrits.The telescopic part 92 may have a structure different from that shown, and the spring function may be provided in particular by pneumatic or mechanical means equivalent to those described.

En particulier, l'ensemble partie extensible/élément tendeur peut être constitué par un dispositif hydropneumatique ou par un vérin pneumatique à pression réglable.In particular, the extensible part / tensioning element assembly can be constituted by a hydropneumatic device or by a pneumatic cylinder with adjustable pressure.

D'une manière générale, on peut remplacer tous les éléments décrits ci-dessus par des éléments équivalents remplissant la même fonction pour obtenir les mêmes résultats.In general, we can replace all the elements described above by equivalent elements fulfilling the same function to obtain the same results.

Ainsi, les coques 104 et 105 du catamaran 103 de la figure 4 peuvent être des coques planantes d'un type quelconque. De même, les différents modes de réalisation décrits ci-dessus du gréement mobile de la présente invention peuvent être montés sur un engin monocoque ou multicoque à coque(s) planante(s) quelconque.Thus, the hulls 104 and 105 of the catamaran 103 of FIG. 4 can be planing hulls of any type. Similarly, the various embodiments described above of the mobile rigging of the present invention can be mounted on a monohull or multihull machine with any planing hull (s).

On peut par exemple remplacer le rail d'écoute 57 par un circuit d'écoute ; un tel circuit est constitué par exemple par une drisse disposée en circuit fermé et s'enroulant autour d'au moins deux poulies disposées de part et d'autre de la coque, par exemple aux extrémités de la traverse 111 dans l'exemple de réalisation de la figure 4. La poulie de renvoi 55 est alors fixée en un point de cette drisse entre les deux poulies précitées.One can for example replace the listening rail 57 by a listening circuit; such a circuit is constituted for example by a halyard arranged in a closed circuit and winding around at least two pulleys arranged on either side of the hull, for example at the ends of the cross member 111 in the exemplary embodiment of the figure 4. The return pulley 55 is then fixed at a point on this halyard between the two aforementioned pulleys.

Il peut également être constitué par une drisse en circuit fermé enroulée autour de quatre poulies disposées respectivement aux extrémités de la traverse 111 et des deux extrémités arrière des deux coques planantes.It can also be formed by a halyard in a closed circuit wound around four pulleys disposed respectively at the ends of the cross-member 111 and of the two rear ends of the two planing shells.

On peut faire passer le câble 89 dans une poulie de renvoi à l'une ou l'autre des extrémités de l'étai 80 de manière à placer le point d'ancrage correspondant, et la partie élastique extensible 81, 92, dans un endroit quelconque différent de celui décrit, par exemple à l'intérieur ou le long du mât, ou à l'intérieur ou le long de la (ou d'une) coque planante.The cable 89 can be passed through a deflection pulley at one or the other of the ends of the forestay 80 so as to place the corresponding anchoring point, and the extensible elastic part 81, 92, in a place any different from that described, for example inside or along the mast, or inside or along the (or a) planing hull.

On peut également utiliser à volonté une voile rigide ou une voile souple munie d'un "wishbone". Dans un tel cas, il n'est plus possible d'aplatir ou de creuser la voile, et un tel dispositif permet uniquement de remplir la fonction de basculement du mât et de la voile.A rigid sail or a flexible sail fitted with a "wishbone" can also be used at will. In such a case, it is no longer possible to flatten or dig the sail, and such a device only allows the tilting function of the mast and the sail to be fulfilled.

On peut bien entendu concevoir un gréement conforme à l'invention et comportant deux étais tels que 80 présentant chacun une partie élastique extensible, et adapter un tel gréement à un engin monocoque ou multicoque.It is of course possible to design a rigging according to the invention and comprising two struts such as 80 each having an elastic stretch part, and to adapt such a rigging to a monohull or multihull machine.

Claims (10)

Gréement mobile pour un engin nautique à voile comportant au moins une coque planante, ce gréement comportant pour la fixation d'une voile (25) au moins un mât (24) dont l'inclinaison sur l'axe longitudinal de l'engin peut être réglée à tout instant lorsque le mât est dressé et apte à recevoir une voile (25) pour la propulsion de l'engin, le pied du mât (24) étant monté pivotant autour d'un axe transversal par rapport à la coque (1 ; 104, 105) de l'engin, le gréement comportant également au moins un étai (80) et deux haubans latéraux (27) respectivement tendus entre un point de la partie supérieure du mât (24) et deux points d'ancrage (28) situés sur la coque (1 ; 104, 105) de part et d'autre de celle-ci et qui sont des articulations (28) reliées à la coque (1 ; 104, 105) et situées sensiblement sur l'axe de pivotement du mât, caractérisé en ce que l'étai avant (80) présente une partie élastique extensible (81, 92), en ce que l'écoute (53) de la voile (25) passe autour d'au moins une poulie de renvoi (55) reliée à la coque (1 ; 104, 105), et en ce que la poulie de renvoi (55) est fixée à des moyens (57) pour régler sa position dans la direction transversale par rapport à la coque (1 ; 104, 105).Mobile rigging for a nautical sailboat comprising at least one planing hull, this rigging comprising for the attachment of a sail (25) at least one mast (24) whose inclination on the longitudinal axis of the craft can be adjusted at any time when the mast is erected and able to receive a sail (25) for propelling the machine, the mast foot (24) being pivotally mounted about an axis transverse to the hull (1; 104, 105) of the machine, the rigging also comprising at least one forestay (80) and two side stays (27) respectively stretched between a point of the upper part of the mast (24) and two anchor points (28) located on the shell (1; 104, 105) on either side thereof and which are articulations (28) connected to the shell (1; 104, 105) and situated substantially on the pivot axis of the mast, characterized in that the front stay (80) has an elastic, extendable part (81, 92), in that the sheet (53) of the sail (2 5) passes around at least one return pulley (55) connected to the shell (1; 104, 105), and in that the return pulley (55) is fixed to means (57) for adjusting its position in the transverse direction relative to the shell (1; 104, 105). Gréement mobile conforme à la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la poulie (55) est fixée de manière coulissante sur un rail d'écoute transversal (57).Mobile rigging according to claim 2, characterized in that the pulley (55) is slidably fixed on a transverse sheet rail (57). Gréement mobile conforme à l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la partie élastique extensible (92) comporte deux éléments allongés (93, 94) coulissant l'un par rapport à l'autre dans leur direction longitudinale et reliés l'un à l'autre par un élément formant ressort (95) tendant à les rappeler dans leur position rétractée.Movable rigging according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the extensible elastic part (92) has two elongated elements (93, 94) sliding relative to each other in their longitudinal direction and connected l 'to each other by a spring element (95) tending to return them to their retracted position. Gréement mobile conforme à l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la partie élastique extensible (81) est un faisceau (81) de fils élastiques disposés entre deux points d'attache (82, 83).Mobile rigging according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the part elastic stretch (81) is a bundle (81) of elastic threads arranged between two attachment points (82, 83). Gréement mobile conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'étai (80) comporte en outre un élément tendeur (84, 106) permettant de prétendre la partie élastique (81, 92).Mobile rigging according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the forestay (80) further comprises a tensioning element (84, 106) making it possible to pretend the elastic part (81, 92). Gréement mobile conforme à la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'élément tendeur (84) est constitué par une drisse (85) enroulée sur au moins une poulie (87) et permettant d'exercer sur la partie élastique (81, 92) une force de traction réglable dirigée dans la direction longitudinale de l'étai (80).Movable rigging according to claim 5, characterized in that the tensioning element (84) consists of a halyard (85) wound on at least one pulley (87) and allowing to exercise on the elastic part (81, 92) an adjustable tensile force directed in the longitudinal direction of the forestay (80). Gréement mobile conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte deux étais (80) présentant chacun une partie élastique extensible (81, 92).Mobile rigging according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises two struts (80) each having an elastic extensible part (81, 92). Engin nautique à voile comportant au moins une coque planante, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un gréement mobile conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7.Sailing craft comprising at least one planing hull, characterized in that it comprises a mobile rigging according to any one of claims 1 to 7. Engin à voile conforme à la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que cet engin (103) comporte au moins deux coques planantes (104, 105) reliées entre elles par au moins deux traverses (110, 111), la traverse avant (110) portant le mât pivotant (24) et les points d'ancrage (28) des deux haubans (27), et la traverse arrière (111) portant des moyens (57) pour régler la position de la poulie (55) dans la direction transversale de l'engin (103).Sailing machine according to claim 8, characterized in that this machine (103) comprises at least two planing hulls (104, 105) connected together by at least two crosspieces (110, 111), the front crosspiece (110) bearing the pivoting mast (24) and the anchoring points (28) of the two shrouds (27), and the rear crossmember (111) carrying means (57) for adjusting the position of the pulley (55) in the transverse direction of the machine (103). Engin à voile conforme à la revendication 9 et à la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un étai (80) unique et un élément tendeur (106) unique constitué par une drisse (85) dont une extrémité est fixée (114) et qui est enroulée sur plusieurs poulies (107, 108).Sailing machine according to claim 9 and to claim 5, characterized in that it comprises a single stay (80) and a single tensioning element (106) constituted by a halyard (85) of which one end is fixed (114) and which is wound on several pulleys (107, 108).
EP91402786A 1990-10-19 1991-10-18 Movable rig for planing sailboats and sailing vessel comprising at least one planing hull equipped with this rig Expired - Lifetime EP0481897B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9012964A FR2668113B1 (en) 1990-10-19 1990-10-19 MOBILE RIGGING FOR SAILING VESSELS, AND SAILING VESSELS PROVIDED WITH SUCH A RIGGING.
FR9012964 1990-10-19

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EP0481897A1 true EP0481897A1 (en) 1992-04-22
EP0481897B1 EP0481897B1 (en) 1996-08-07

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EP (1) EP0481897B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69121232T2 (en)
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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4343070A1 (en) * 1993-12-16 1995-06-22 Peter Nowak Flat=bottom hard chine sailing boat
FR2756807A1 (en) * 1996-12-06 1998-06-12 Carer Jean Francois Sail boat used especially in competitions
FR2782058A1 (en) * 1998-08-10 2000-02-11 Remi Tymen Steering assembly for boat with sail, comprises mast with boom and curved beam and pulley block and elastic restraint with triangular shaped hull controlling rotation and inclination of sail.
FR2898862A1 (en) 2006-03-23 2007-09-28 Francois Naslin Monoshell, catamaran or trimaran type watercraft, has wires with units for exerting force contrary to elastic part of stay to reduce or elongate length of wire for causing inclination of mast with wind in transversal plane
EP2042424A1 (en) 2007-09-27 2009-04-01 François Naslin Hybrid sailboard/centre-board sailing craft equipped with an anchor mast that can tilt simultaneously in the transverse and longitudinal planes
EP2123553A1 (en) * 2008-05-20 2009-11-25 Giuseppe Monsone Determination of the forces exerted by the wind on a mast in the direction of sailing.
FR3039498A1 (en) * 2015-07-27 2017-02-03 Francois Tissier ARRANGEMENT OF A RECREATIONAL CATAMARAN, SAILING, DISMOUNTABLE, WITH A DRIVING POSITION FACING THE DIRECTION OF DISPLACEMENT

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GB140071A (en) * 1919-03-08 1920-09-30 Fredrik Ljungstroem Improvements in masts and rigging for sailing vessels
DE1142716B (en) * 1958-10-14 1963-01-24 Edward A Taylor Teaching model of a sailing boat
US3820489A (en) * 1972-12-14 1974-06-28 Kortenbach & Rauch Kg Safety rig for multi hull boats
FR2288253A1 (en) * 1974-10-16 1976-05-14 Belverger Jacques Dinghy mast stay tensioner - has two parts sliding inside each other under action of coil sprung
FR2359745A1 (en) * 1976-07-26 1978-02-24 Coast Catamaran Corp SAILING TROLLEY
GB2030946A (en) * 1978-10-06 1980-04-16 Montgomery J Rigging for a tiltable mast
FR2613685A1 (en) * 1987-04-10 1988-10-14 Herrou Joel System for monitoring and controlling the lift elements of a hydropter

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB140071A (en) * 1919-03-08 1920-09-30 Fredrik Ljungstroem Improvements in masts and rigging for sailing vessels
DE1142716B (en) * 1958-10-14 1963-01-24 Edward A Taylor Teaching model of a sailing boat
US3820489A (en) * 1972-12-14 1974-06-28 Kortenbach & Rauch Kg Safety rig for multi hull boats
FR2288253A1 (en) * 1974-10-16 1976-05-14 Belverger Jacques Dinghy mast stay tensioner - has two parts sliding inside each other under action of coil sprung
FR2359745A1 (en) * 1976-07-26 1978-02-24 Coast Catamaran Corp SAILING TROLLEY
GB2030946A (en) * 1978-10-06 1980-04-16 Montgomery J Rigging for a tiltable mast
FR2613685A1 (en) * 1987-04-10 1988-10-14 Herrou Joel System for monitoring and controlling the lift elements of a hydropter

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4343070A1 (en) * 1993-12-16 1995-06-22 Peter Nowak Flat=bottom hard chine sailing boat
FR2756807A1 (en) * 1996-12-06 1998-06-12 Carer Jean Francois Sail boat used especially in competitions
FR2782058A1 (en) * 1998-08-10 2000-02-11 Remi Tymen Steering assembly for boat with sail, comprises mast with boom and curved beam and pulley block and elastic restraint with triangular shaped hull controlling rotation and inclination of sail.
FR2898862A1 (en) 2006-03-23 2007-09-28 Francois Naslin Monoshell, catamaran or trimaran type watercraft, has wires with units for exerting force contrary to elastic part of stay to reduce or elongate length of wire for causing inclination of mast with wind in transversal plane
EP2042424A1 (en) 2007-09-27 2009-04-01 François Naslin Hybrid sailboard/centre-board sailing craft equipped with an anchor mast that can tilt simultaneously in the transverse and longitudinal planes
EP2123553A1 (en) * 2008-05-20 2009-11-25 Giuseppe Monsone Determination of the forces exerted by the wind on a mast in the direction of sailing.
FR3039498A1 (en) * 2015-07-27 2017-02-03 Francois Tissier ARRANGEMENT OF A RECREATIONAL CATAMARAN, SAILING, DISMOUNTABLE, WITH A DRIVING POSITION FACING THE DIRECTION OF DISPLACEMENT

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2093691T3 (en) 1997-01-01
EP0481897B1 (en) 1996-08-07
FR2668113A1 (en) 1992-04-24
FR2668113B1 (en) 1995-08-04
DE69121232T2 (en) 1997-03-27
DE69121232D1 (en) 1996-09-12

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