EP0225357A1 - Sail boat of the biplane type - Google Patents

Sail boat of the biplane type

Info

Publication number
EP0225357A1
EP0225357A1 EP86903411A EP86903411A EP0225357A1 EP 0225357 A1 EP0225357 A1 EP 0225357A1 EP 86903411 A EP86903411 A EP 86903411A EP 86903411 A EP86903411 A EP 86903411A EP 0225357 A1 EP0225357 A1 EP 0225357A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sails
boat
edges
mast
leading edges
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86903411A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Philippe Debarge
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0225357A1 publication Critical patent/EP0225357A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
    • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
    • B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
    • B63H9/068—Sails pivotally mounted at mast tip

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sailboat, comprising at least one hull and a mast carrying the sail.
  • the sail In known monohull or multihull boats, the sail is fixed along a mast. The performance of the boat depends mainly on the surface of the sails. Thus, in order for the boat to be able to carry a large sail area, it is necessary to use a very tall mast. Therefore, when the wind blows on the sail, the boat tends to heel strongly, especially when it sails "near tight", in case of strong wind.
  • the mast because of its great height, the mast must have a large section, which makes its manufacture very expensive.
  • the sailboat comprising at least one hull and a mast carrying the sail, is characterized in that the sail comprises two sails forming a biplane, the leading edges of which are substantially parallel and offset one with respect to the other, these leading edges extending transversely relative to the length of the hull, in that these sails are fixed to a frame extending between the leading edges and the trailing edges of these sails, in that the reinforcement of these sails is pivotally attached to the top of the mast at a point located substantially in the middle of the leading edge of one of the sails or in an area between the midpoints of the two leading edges and in that means are provided for pivoting the two sails between a position in which the leading edges are substantially vertical and directed towards one of the edges of the boat, and a position in which these leading edges are directed towards the other edge of
  • the area of the sail can be very large and the mast height much lower than in the case of conventional sailboats having a comparable sail area.
  • the mast height can be reduced to almost half that of conventional sailing boats.
  • the tendency to heel of the boat according to the invention is very greatly reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation view of a sailing boat according to the invention
  • - Figure 2 is a view of the front of the boat, the sails being inclined towards one of the edges of this boat, - Figure 3 is a view similar to the figure
  • FIG. 5 is a top view of the boat, the sails being in the horizontal position shown in FIG. 3,
  • FIG. 6 is an alternative embodiment illustrating the case of a catamaran.
  • the sail boat according to the invention comprises a hull 1 and a substantially vertical mast 2 carrying the wing.
  • the airfoil comprises two sails 3, 4 forming a biplane, the leading edges 5, 6 of which are substantially parallel and offset relative to each other.
  • leading edges 5, 6 extend transversely relative to the length of the shell.
  • the sails 3, 4 are fixed to a frame constituted by two rigid sections 7, 8 forming a V flared forwards and extending between the leading edges 5, 6 and the rear edges 9, 10 trailing from these sails.
  • the frame also includes two transverse sections 11, 12. This frame 7, 8, 11, 12 of the sails
  • means which will be detailed below are provided for pivoting the two sails 3, 4 between a position in which the leading edges 5, 6 are substantially vertical and directed towards one of the edges of the boat (see figure 2) and a position in which the leading edges 5, 6 are directed towards the other edge of the boat (see FIG. 4) passing through an intermediate position in which the two leading edges 5, 6 are substantially horizontal ( see figure 3).
  • the two leading edges 5, 6 are offset relative to each other along the length of the hull 1 and the point P of pivoting of the sails 3, 4 is located on the edge of attack 6 which is the most back.
  • the length of the leading edges 5, 6 of the two sails 3, 4 is almost twice as high as the height of the mast 2.
  • the means for pivoting the two sails 3, 4 to pass them through the different positions shown in Figures 2 to 4 comprise strings 14, 15, 16 fixed to the leading edge 6 of the sail 4 at two points 17, 18 located on either side of the pivot point P, these ropes being able to be pulled or released by a passenger of the boat.
  • the means for tucking the two sails 3, 4 comprise a rope 21 fixed to the frame of the sails at a point 22 located near the trailing edge 10 of the sail 4, this rope 21 being able to be pulled by a passenger of the boat.
  • the boat according to the invention is a catamaran which comprises two parallel hulls 23, 24 carrying identical sails 3, 4 to those of the aforementioned embodiment.
  • the mast is constituted by two elements 25, 26 substantially forming a V flared downwards, these two elements 25, 26 being f i x ed respectively to each of the shells 23, 24.
  • the two elements 25, 26 constituting the mast are hingedly attached at 27 and 28 to the two hulls 23, 24 so as to be able to fold these two elements onto these hulls, when the boat is not in use. Furthermore, the pivot point P is located on a transverse bar 29 between the two leading edges 5, 6.
  • the pilot of the boat according to the invention can adjust the position of the sails 3, 4 relative to the mast at will by pivoting them around the pivot point P at the top of the mast 2.
  • the thrust component which moves the boat forwards is decreased, while the lift force is increased.
  • the increase in the lifting force has the effect of reducing the resistance to advancement of the boat, so that the boat's performance remains optimal in all cases.
  • the pilot will choose to place the leading edges 5, 6 in a substantially vertical position, in order to benefit as much as possible from the thrust component, since in this case there will be no there is no reason to fear that the boat is too high.
  • the lifting force exerted on the boat is maximum. We can thus, for example, make the boat jump from one wave to another.
  • the pilot turns the sails 3, 4 180 ° around a vertical axis of rotation passing through point P so that point 22 located behind the profiles 7, 8 be moved to the front of the boat.
  • the user can fold the mast over the hull or hulls of the boat, so that it has a very small footprint in height, when not in use.
  • the invention can be applied to any boat or sailing vessel, monohull or multihull, regardless of the size thereof.
  • the articulation 13 of the mast 2 to the profile 12 of the leading edge 6 can be constituted by a ball joint, a silent block or any other suitable means allowing the leading edges of the sails to pivot at the top of the mast.
  • the articulation can also be located on the other leading edge of the sails, that is to say the one which is located furthest forward from the wing.
  • the boat according to the invention may comprise several masts each carrying two sails at most such as sails 3, 4.
  • the means which allow the pilot to control and adjust the inclination of the leading edges 5, 6 relative to the mast can be adapted to each embodiment as required.
  • means can be provided for blocking the leading edges 5, 6 of the sails in a determined position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

Le bateau à voiles comprend au moins une coque (1) et un mât (2). La voilure comprend deux voiles (3, 4) dont les bords d'attaque (5, 6) sont sensiblement parallèles et décalés l'un par rapport à l'autre. Ces voiles (3, 4) sont fixées à une armature (7, 8, 11, 12) qui est fixée de façon pivotante au sommet du mât (2) en un point (P) situé sensiblement au milieu du bord d'attaque (6) de l'une des voiles. Des moyens (14, 15, 16) sont prévus pour faire pivoter les voiles entre une position dans laquelle les bords d'attaque sont sensiblement verticaux et dirigés vers l'un des bords du bateau et une position dans laquelle ces deux bords d'attaque sont dirigés vers l'autre bord du bateau, en passant par une position intermédiaire horizontale. Utilisation notamment pour augmenter les performances des bateaux à voiles, pour diminuer la hauteur du mât et réduire le gîte des bateaux en cas de fort vent.The sailing boat comprises at least one hull (1) and a mast (2). The airfoil comprises two sails (3, 4) whose leading edges (5, 6) are substantially parallel and offset relative to each other. These sails (3, 4) are fixed to a frame (7, 8, 11, 12) which is pivotally fixed to the top of the mast (2) at a point (P) located substantially in the middle of the leading edge ( 6) from one of the sails. Means (14, 15, 16) are provided for pivoting the sails between a position in which the leading edges are substantially vertical and directed towards one of the edges of the boat and a position in which these two leading edges are directed to the other side of the boat, passing through a horizontal intermediate position. Use in particular to increase the performance of sailing boats, to reduce the mast height and reduce the heeling of boats in strong winds.

Description

"BATEAU A VOILURE DU TYPE BIPLAN" "BIPLANE TYPE SAILING BOAT"
La présente invention concerne un bateau à voiles, comprenant au moins une coque et un mât portant la voilure. Dans les bateaux monocoques ou multicoques connus, la voilure est fixée le long d'un mât. Les per-formances du bateau sont fonction essentiellement de la surface de la voilure. Ainsi, pour que le bateau puisse porter une grande surface de voilure, il est nécessaire d'utiliser un mât de très grande hauteur. De ce fait, lorsque le vent souffle sur la voile, le bateau a tendance à gîter fortement, notamment lorsque celui-ci navigue "auprès serré", en cas de vent fort.The present invention relates to a sailboat, comprising at least one hull and a mast carrying the sail. In known monohull or multihull boats, the sail is fixed along a mast. The performance of the boat depends mainly on the surface of the sails. Thus, in order for the boat to be able to carry a large sail area, it is necessary to use a very tall mast. Therefore, when the wind blows on the sail, the boat tends to heel strongly, especially when it sails "near tight", in case of strong wind.
Pour compenser le gîte du bateau, les passagers doivent se placer sur l'un des bords du bateau, dans une position qui est très peu confortable.To compensate for the heel of the boat, passengers must place themselves on one of the edges of the boat, in a position which is very uncomfortable.
Par ailleurs, du fait de sa grande hauteur, le mât doit présenter une forte section, ce qui rend sa fabrication très coûteuse.Furthermore, because of its great height, the mast must have a large section, which makes its manufacture very expensive.
Le but de la présente invention est de remédier aux inconvénients des réalisations connues en créant un bateau à voiles dont le mât présente une hauteur réduite et qui présente une tendance à gîter beaucoup plus réduite, tout en ayant des performances nettement améliorées. Suivant l'invention, le bateau a voiles comprenant au moins une coque et un mât portant la voilure, est caractérisé en ce que la voilure comprend deux voiles formant biplan dont les bords d'attaque sont sensiblement parallèles et décalés l'un par rapport à l'autre, ces bords d'attaque s'étendant transversalement par rapport à la longueur de la coque, en ce que ces voiles sont fixées à une armature s'étendant entre les bords d'attaque et les bords de fuite de ces voiles, en ce que l'armature de ces voiles est fixée de façon pivotante au sommet du mât en un point situé sensiblement au milieu du bord d'attaque de l'une des voiles ou dans une zone comprise entre les milieux des deux bords d'attaque et en ce que des moyens sont prévus pour faire pivoter les deux voiles entre une position dans laquelle les bords d'attaque sont sensiblement verticaux et dirigés vers l'un des bords du bateau, et une position dans laquelle ces bords d'attaque sont dirigés vers l'autre bord du bateau, en passant par une position intermédiaire dans laquelle les deux bords d'attaque sont sensiblement horizontaux.The object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks of known embodiments by creating a sailing boat whose mast has a reduced height and which has a much smaller tendency to heel, while having markedly improved performance. According to the invention, the sailboat comprising at least one hull and a mast carrying the sail, is characterized in that the sail comprises two sails forming a biplane, the leading edges of which are substantially parallel and offset one with respect to the other, these leading edges extending transversely relative to the length of the hull, in that these sails are fixed to a frame extending between the leading edges and the trailing edges of these sails, in that the reinforcement of these sails is pivotally attached to the top of the mast at a point located substantially in the middle of the leading edge of one of the sails or in an area between the midpoints of the two leading edges and in that means are provided for pivoting the two sails between a position in which the leading edges are substantially vertical and directed towards one of the edges of the boat, and a position in which these leading edges are directed towards the other edge of the boat, passing through an intermediate position in which the two leading edges are substantially horizontal.
Ainsi, grâce à ces deux voiles formant biplan, la surface de la voilure peut être très importante et la hauteur du mât beaucoup plus faible que dans le cas des bateaux à voiles classiques présentant une surface de voile comparable. De ce fait, la hauteur du mât peut être réduite pratiquement à la moitié de celle des bateaux à voile classiques. Par ailleurs, pour cette raison, la tendance à gîter du bateau conforme à l'invention est très fortement réduite.Thus, thanks to these two biplane sails, the area of the sail can be very large and the mast height much lower than in the case of conventional sailboats having a comparable sail area. As a result, the mast height can be reduced to almost half that of conventional sailing boats. Furthermore, for this reason, the tendency to heel of the boat according to the invention is very greatly reduced.
Lorsque les deux voiles sont disposées dans une position intermédiaire comprise entre la verticale et l'horizontale, le vent applique sur les voiles une force qui se décompose en une farce de poussée qui fait avancer le bateau et une farce dirigée vers le haut qui tend à le soulever. Cette force de sustentation tend à alléger le bateau et à réduire la résistance à l'avancement de ce bateau qui s'exerce entre la coque et l'eau.When the two sails are placed in an intermediate position between the vertical and the horizontal, the wind applies a force on the sails which is broken down into a pushing stuffing which moves the boat forward and an upwardly directed stuffing which tends lift it up. This lifting force tends to lighten the boat and reduce the resistance to the advancement of this boat which is exerted between the hull and the water.
Cette force de sustentation compense ainsi la perte de performance occasionnée par la force de poussée réduite qui s'exerce sur les voiles lorsque les deux bords d'attaque de celles-ci sont inclinés. Par ailleurs, cette possibilité d'incliner les voiles, combinée avec le fait que le mât a une hauteur nettement réduite par rapport à celle des bateaux classiques, permet de limiter considérablement le gîte du bateau en cas de fort vent de travers. D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront encore dans la description ciaprès.This lifting force thus compensates for the loss of performance caused by the reduced pushing force which is exerted on the sails when the two leading edges thereof are inclined. Furthermore, this possibility of tilting the sails, combined with the fact that the mast has a significantly reduced height compared to that of conventional boats, makes it possible to considerably limit the heel of the boat in the event of a strong cross wind. Other features and advantages of the invention will also appear in the description below.
Aux dessins annexés, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs : - la figure 1 est une vue en élévation latérale d'un bateau à voiles conforme à l'invention,In the accompanying drawings, given by way of nonlimiting examples: FIG. 1 is a side elevation view of a sailing boat according to the invention,
- la figure 2 est une vue de l'avant du bateau, les voiles étant inclinées vers l'un des bords de ce bateau, - la figure 3 est une vue analogue a la figure- Figure 2 is a view of the front of the boat, the sails being inclined towards one of the edges of this boat, - Figure 3 is a view similar to the figure
2, les bords d'attaque des voiles étant sensiblement horizontaux,2, the leading edges of the sails being substantially horizontal,
- la fiyure 4 est une vue analogue à la figure- fiyure 4 is a view similar to the figure
2, les voiles étant inclinées vers l'autre bord du bateau, - la figure 5 est une vue de dessus du bateau, les voiles étant dans la position horizontale montrée sur la figure 3,2, the sails being inclined towards the other edge of the boat, FIG. 5 is a top view of the boat, the sails being in the horizontal position shown in FIG. 3,
- la figure 6 est une variante de réalisation illustrant le cas d'un catamaran. Dans la réalisation de la figure 1, le bateau a voiles conforme à l'invention comprend une coque 1 et un mât 2 sensiblement vertical portant la voilure.- Figure 6 is an alternative embodiment illustrating the case of a catamaran. In the embodiment of Figure 1, the sail boat according to the invention comprises a hull 1 and a substantially vertical mast 2 carrying the wing.
La voilure comprend deux voiles 3, 4 formant biplan dont les bords d'attaque 5, 6 sont sensiblement parallèles et décalés l'un par rapport à l'autre.The airfoil comprises two sails 3, 4 forming a biplane, the leading edges 5, 6 of which are substantially parallel and offset relative to each other.
Ces bords d'attaque 5, 6 s'étendent transversalement par rapport à la longueur de la coque. Les voiles 3, 4 sont fixées à une armature constituée par deux profilés rigides 7, 8 formant un V évasé vers l'avant et s'étendant entre les bords d'attaque 5, 6 et les bords arrières 9, 10 de fuite de ces voiles.These leading edges 5, 6 extend transversely relative to the length of the shell. The sails 3, 4 are fixed to a frame constituted by two rigid sections 7, 8 forming a V flared forwards and extending between the leading edges 5, 6 and the rear edges 9, 10 trailing from these sails.
L'armature comprend également deux profilés transversaux 11, 12. Cette armature 7, 8, 11, 12 des voilesThe frame also includes two transverse sections 11, 12. This frame 7, 8, 11, 12 of the sails
3, 4 est fixée de façon pivotante au moyen d'une articulation 13 au sommet du mât 2 en un point P situé sensiblement au milieu du bord d'attaque 6 de la voile 4.3, 4 is pivotally fixed by means of a hinge 13 at the top of the mast 2 at a point P located substantially in the middle of the leading edge 6 of the sail 4.
Par ailleurs, des moyens qui seront détaillés plus loin sont prévus pour faire pivoter les deux voiles 3, 4 entre une position dans laquelle les bords d'attaque 5, 6 sont sensiblement verticaux et dirigés vers l'un des bords du bateau (voir figure 2) et une position dans laquelle les bords d'attaque 5, 6 sont dirigés vers l'autre bord du bateau (voir figure 4) en passant par une position intermédiaire dans laquelle les deux bords d'attaque 5, 6 sont sensiblement horizontaux (voir figure 3).Furthermore, means which will be detailed below are provided for pivoting the two sails 3, 4 between a position in which the leading edges 5, 6 are substantially vertical and directed towards one of the edges of the boat (see figure 2) and a position in which the leading edges 5, 6 are directed towards the other edge of the boat (see FIG. 4) passing through an intermediate position in which the two leading edges 5, 6 are substantially horizontal ( see figure 3).
Dans la réalisation représentée, les deux bords d'attaque 5, 6 sont décalés l'un par rapport à l'autre suivant la longueur de la coque 1 et le point P de pivotement des voiles 3, 4 est situé sur le bord d'attaque 6 qui est le plus en arri ère.In the embodiment shown, the two leading edges 5, 6 are offset relative to each other along the length of the hull 1 and the point P of pivoting of the sails 3, 4 is located on the edge of attack 6 which is the most back.
Par ailleurs, la longueur des bords d'attaque 5, 6 des deux voiles 3, 4 est près de deux fois supérieure à la hauteur du mât 2.Furthermore, the length of the leading edges 5, 6 of the two sails 3, 4 is almost twice as high as the height of the mast 2.
Dans l'exemple représenté sur la figure 1, les moyens pour faire pivoter les deux voiles 3, 4 pour les faire passer par les différentes positions représentées sur les figures 2 à 4 comprennent des cordes 14, 15, 16 fixées au bord d'attaque 6 de la voile 4 en deux points 17, 18 situés de part et d'autre du point de pivotement P, ces cordes pouvant être tirées ou relâchées par un passager du bateau. A cet effet, an peut prévoir un système de guidage et de renvoi par poulies 19, 20.In the example shown in Figure 1, the means for pivoting the two sails 3, 4 to pass them through the different positions shown in Figures 2 to 4 comprise strings 14, 15, 16 fixed to the leading edge 6 of the sail 4 at two points 17, 18 located on either side of the pivot point P, these ropes being able to be pulled or released by a passenger of the boat. To this end, an can provide a guide and return system by pulleys 19, 20.
D'autre part, les moyens pour border les deux voiles 3, 4 comprennent une corde 21 fixée a l'armature des voiles en un point 22 situé près du bord de fuite 10 de la voile 4, cette corde 21 pouvant être tirée par un passager du bateau.On the other hand, the means for tucking the two sails 3, 4 comprise a rope 21 fixed to the frame of the sails at a point 22 located near the trailing edge 10 of the sail 4, this rope 21 being able to be pulled by a passenger of the boat.
Dans la réalisation de la figure 6, le bateau conforme à l'invention est un catamaran qui comprend deux coques parallèles 23, 24 portant des voiles 3, 4 identiques à celles de la réalisation précitée.In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the boat according to the invention is a catamaran which comprises two parallel hulls 23, 24 carrying identical sails 3, 4 to those of the aforementioned embodiment.
Le mât est constitué par deux éléments 25, 26 formant sensiblement un V évasé vers le bas, ces deux éléments 25, 26 étant f i x és respectivement à chacune des coques 23, 24.The mast is constituted by two elements 25, 26 substantially forming a V flared downwards, these two elements 25, 26 being f i x ed respectively to each of the shells 23, 24.
Dans cette réalisation, les deux éléments 25, 26 constituant le mât sont fixés de façon articulée en 27 et 28 aux deux coques 23, 24 de façon à pouvoir rabattre ces deux éléments sur ces coques, lors de la non utilisation du bateau. Par ailleurs, le point de pivotement P est situé sur une barre transversale 29 comprise entre les deux bords d'attaque 5, 6.In this embodiment, the two elements 25, 26 constituting the mast are hingedly attached at 27 and 28 to the two hulls 23, 24 so as to be able to fold these two elements onto these hulls, when the boat is not in use. Furthermore, the pivot point P is located on a transverse bar 29 between the two leading edges 5, 6.
Lors de la navigation, le pilote du bateau conforme a l'invention, peut régler à volonté la position des voiles 3, 4 par rapport au mât en les faisant pivoter autour du point de pivotement P au sommet du mât 2.During navigation, the pilot of the boat according to the invention can adjust the position of the sails 3, 4 relative to the mast at will by pivoting them around the pivot point P at the top of the mast 2.
Dans la position représentée sur la figure 2, le vent souffle suivant la flèche F. Les bords d'attaque 5, 6 sont inclinés vers le bord du bateau opposé à la direction F du vent. Dans cette position, la force exercée par le vent sur les voiles 3, 4 se décompose en une force de poussée qui fait avancer le bateau et une force de sustentation dirigée vers le haut, et qui tend a soulever le bateau. En cas de fort vent, pour éviter le gîte du bateau, dont la tendance est déjà réduite par rapport à celle des réalisations classiques, compte tenu de la hauteur réduite du mât 2, le pilote peut augmenter l'angle de l'inclinaison des bords d'attaque 5, 6 par rapport au mât 2 pour approcher ceux-ci de la position horizontale en tirant sur les cordes prévues à cet effet.In the position shown in Figure 2, the wind blows along arrow F. The leading edges 5, 6 are inclined towards the edge of the boat opposite to the direction F of the wind. In this position, the force exerted by the wind on the sails 3, 4 breaks down into a pushing force which makes the boat move forward and a lifting force directed upwards, and which tends to lift the boat. In strong winds, to avoid the heeling of the boat, the tendency of which is already reduced compared to that of conventional constructions, taking into account the reduced height of the mast 2, the pilot can increase the angle of the inclination of the edges 5, 6 relative to the mast 2 to approach them from the horizontal position by pulling on the cords provided for this purpose.
Ainsi, la composante de poussée qui fait avancer le bateau est diminuée, tandis que la force de sustentation est augmentée. L'augmentation de la force de sustentation a pour effet de réduire la résistance à l'avancement du bateau, de sorte que les performances du bateau restent dans tous les cas optimales.Thus, the thrust component which moves the boat forwards is decreased, while the lift force is increased. The increase in the lifting force has the effect of reducing the resistance to advancement of the boat, so that the boat's performance remains optimal in all cases.
Par ailleurs, en cas de vent faible, le pilote choisira de placer les bords d'attaque 5, 6 dans une position sensiblement verticale, afin de bénéficier au maximum de la composante de poussée, étant donné que dans ce cas il n'y aura pas lieu de craindre que le bateau gîte trop fortement.Furthermore, in case of light wind, the pilot will choose to place the leading edges 5, 6 in a substantially vertical position, in order to benefit as much as possible from the thrust component, since in this case there will be no there is no reason to fear that the boat is too high.
En cas de virement de bord, le pilote fait pivoter les bords d'attaque 5, 6 des voiles vers l'autre bord du bateau, comme indiqué sur la figure 4.In the event of a tack, the pilot pivots the leading edges 5, 6 of the sails towards the other edge of the boat, as shown in Figure 4.
Lorsque les bords d'attaque 5, 6 sont en position horizontale, comme indiqué sur la figure 3, la force de sustentation s'exerçant sur le bateau est maximale. On peut ainsi, par exemple, faire sauter le bateau d'une vague vers une autre.When the leading edges 5, 6 are in a horizontal position, as indicated in FIG. 3, the lifting force exerted on the boat is maximum. We can thus, for example, make the boat jump from one wave to another.
Pour virer de bord, par vent arrière, le pilote fait tourner les voiles 3, 4 de 180° autour d'un axe de rotation vertical passant par le point P de façon que le point 22 situé à l'arrière des profilés 7, 8 soit déplacé vers l'avant du bateau.To tack, in the tailwind, the pilot turns the sails 3, 4 180 ° around a vertical axis of rotation passing through point P so that point 22 located behind the profiles 7, 8 be moved to the front of the boat.
Dans le cas où le mât est constitué de deux éléments en V 25, 26, comme indiqué sur la figure 6, l'utilisateur peut rabattre le mât sur la ou les coques du bateau, de sorte que celui-ci présente un encombrement très réduit en hauteur, en cas de non utilisation.In the case where the mast is made up of two V-shaped elements 25, 26, as shown in FIG. 6, the user can fold the mast over the hull or hulls of the boat, so that it has a very small footprint in height, when not in use.
Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples de réalisation que l'on vient de décrire et on peut apporter à ceux-ci de nombreuses modifications sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.Of course, the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments which have just been described and numerous modifications can be made to them without departing from the scope of the invention.
Ainsi, l'invention peut s'appliquer à tout bateau ou navire a voiles, monocoque ou multicoques, quelle que soit la dimension de ceux-ci.Thus, the invention can be applied to any boat or sailing vessel, monohull or multihull, regardless of the size thereof.
L'articulation 13 du mât 2 au profilé 12 du bord d'attaque 6 peut être constituée par une rotule, un silentbloc ou tout autre moyen approprié permettant de faire pivoter les bords d'attaque des voiles au sommet du mât.The articulation 13 of the mast 2 to the profile 12 of the leading edge 6 can be constituted by a ball joint, a silent block or any other suitable means allowing the leading edges of the sails to pivot at the top of the mast.
Par ailleurs, l'articulation peut également se situer sur l'autre bord d'attaque des voiles, c'est-à-dire celui qui est situé le plus en avant de la voilure.Furthermore, the articulation can also be located on the other leading edge of the sails, that is to say the one which is located furthest forward from the wing.
Bien entendu, le bateau conforme à l'invention peut comporter plusieurs mâts portant chacun deux voiles au plus telles que les voiles 3, 4. De plus, les moyens qui permettent au pilote de commander et de régler l'inclinaison des bords d'attaque 5, 6 par rapport au mât, peuvent être adaptés à chaque réalisation suivant les besoins.Of course, the boat according to the invention may comprise several masts each carrying two sails at most such as sails 3, 4. In addition, the means which allow the pilot to control and adjust the inclination of the leading edges 5, 6 relative to the mast, can be adapted to each embodiment as required.
En outre, des moyens peuvent être prévus pour bloquer les bords d'attaque 5, 6 des voiles dans une position déterminée. In addition, means can be provided for blocking the leading edges 5, 6 of the sails in a determined position.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Bateau à voiles, comprenant au moins une coque (1) et un mât (2), (25, 26) portant la voilure, caractérisé en ce que la voilure comprend au moins deux voiles (3, 4) dont les bords d'attaque (5, 6) sont sensiblement parallèles et décalés l'un par rapport à l'autre, ces bords d'attaque s'étendant transversalement par rapport à la longueur de la coque (1), en ce que ces voiles (3, 4) sont fixées à une armature (7, 8, 11, 12) s'étendant entre les bords d'attaque (5, 6) et les bords arrières de fuite (9, 10) de ces voiles, en ce que l'armature des voiles est fixée de façon pivotante au sommet du mât en un point (P) situé sensiblement au milieu du bord d'attaque (6) de l'une des voiles ou dans une zone comprise entre les milieux des deux bords d'attaque, et en ce que des moyens (14, 15, 16) sont prévus pour faire pivoter les deux voiles entre une position dans laquelle les bords d'attaque (5, 6) sont sensiblement verticaux et dirigés vers l'un des bords du bateau et une position dans laquelle ces bords d'attaque sont dirigés vers l'autre bord du bateau, en passant par une position intermédiaire dans laquelle ces deux bords d'attaque sont sensiblement horizontaux.1. Sailing boat, comprising at least one hull (1) and a mast (2), (25, 26) carrying the sail, characterized in that the sail comprises at least two sails (3, 4) whose edges d attack (5, 6) are substantially parallel and offset relative to each other, these leading edges extending transversely to the length of the hull (1), in that these sails (3 , 4) are fixed to a frame (7, 8, 11, 12) extending between the leading edges (5, 6) and the trailing trailing edges (9, 10) of these sails, in that the frame of the sails is pivotally attached to the top of the mast at a point (P) located substantially in the middle of the leading edge (6) of one of the sails or in an area between the midpoints of the two edges of attack, and in that means (14, 15, 16) are provided for pivoting the two sails between a position in which the leading edges (5, 6) are substantially vertical and directed towards one of the edges of the boat and a e position in which these leading edges are directed towards the other edge of the boat, passing through an intermediate position in which these two leading edges are substantially horizontal.
2. Bateau à voiles conforme à la revendication 1, les deux bords d'attaque 5, 6 étant décalés l'un par rapport à l'autre suivant la longueur de la coque (1), caractérisé en ce que le point (P) de pivotement des voiles est situé sur le bord d'attaque (6) qui est le plus en arrière. 2. Sailing boat according to claim 1, the two leading edges 5, 6 being offset relative to each other along the length of the hull (1), characterized in that the point (P) pivoting sails is located on the leading edge (6) which is furthest back.
3. Bateau à voiles conforme à l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la longueur des bords d'attaque (5, 6) des deux voiles est près de deux fois supérieure à la hauteur du mât (2).3. Sailing boat according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the length of the leading edges (5, 6) of the two sails is almost twice the height of the mast (2).
4. Bateau à voiles conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les moyens pour faire pivoter les deux voiles (3, 4) comprennent des cordes (14, 15, 16) fixées au bord d'attaque (6) de l'une des voiles, de part et d'autre du point de pivotement (P), ces cordes pouvant être tirées par un passager du bateau. 4. Sailing boat according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the means for pivot the two sails (3, 4) comprise ropes (14, 15, 16) fixed to the leading edge (6) of one of the sails, on either side of the pivot point (P), these ropes can be pulled by a passenger on the boat.
5. Bateau à voiles conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens (21) pour border les deux voiles (3, 4).5. Sailing boat according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises means (21) for tucking the two sails (3, 4).
6. Bateau à voiles conforme à la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que ces moyens comprennent une corde (21) fixée à l'armature (7, 8, 11, 12) en un point (22) situé près du bord de fuite arrière (10) de l'une des voiles, cette corde pouvant être tirée par un passager du bateau.6. Sailing boat according to claim 5, characterized in that these means comprise a rope (21) fixed to the frame (7, 8, 11, 12) at a point (22) located near the rear trailing edge (10) of one of the sails, this rope being able to be pulled by a passenger of the boat.
7. Bateau à voiles conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 6, et comprenant plusieurs coques parallèles (23, 24), caractérisé en ce que le mât est constitué par deux éléments (25, 26) formant sensiblement un V évasé vers le bas, ces deux éléments (25, 26) étant fixés respectivement à chacune des coques extérieures. 7. Sailing boat according to one of claims 1 to 6, and comprising several parallel hulls (23, 24), characterized in that the mast is constituted by two elements (25, 26) substantially forming a V flared towards the bottom, these two elements (25, 26) being fixed respectively to each of the outer shells.
8. Bateau à voiles conforme à la revendication8. Sailing boat according to claim
7, caractérisé en ce que les deux éléments (25, 26) sont fixés de façon articulée aux deux coques extérieures (23, 24, de façon à pouvoir rabattre ces éléments sur ces coques. 7, characterized in that the two elements (25, 26) are hingedly attached to the two outer shells (23, 24, so that these elements can be folded down on these shells.
9. Bateau à voiles conforme à l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les voiles (3, 4) sont mobiles en rotation suivant un axe sensiblement vertical. 9. Sailing boat according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the sails (3, 4) are movable in rotation along a substantially vertical axis.
EP86903411A 1985-06-12 1986-05-28 Sail boat of the biplane type Withdrawn EP0225357A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8508880A FR2583372B1 (en) 1985-06-12 1985-06-12 BIPLAN TYPE SAILING BOAT
FR8508880 1985-06-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0225357A1 true EP0225357A1 (en) 1987-06-16

Family

ID=9320152

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86903411A Withdrawn EP0225357A1 (en) 1985-06-12 1986-05-28 Sail boat of the biplane type

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0225357A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2583372B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1986007328A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2595655B1 (en) * 1986-03-11 1990-12-14 Henry Michel THREE-AXISABLE THICK SAILING BOAT
GB2255541B (en) * 1991-05-07 1995-10-11 Genevieve Sally Conroy A rig for a wind propelled vessel
IT1393133B1 (en) * 2009-03-09 2012-04-11 Marcello Segato PERFECT VELICO SYSTEM

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2319999A (en) * 1939-12-13 1943-05-25 Richard V Jcnnings Sailboat
FR2505769A1 (en) * 1981-05-18 1982-11-19 Nani Georges Two-part sail for yacht or sail-board - rolls up onto yard and uses two separate parts to receive and transmit wind force
ATE19221T1 (en) * 1981-12-07 1986-05-15 Gst Surftech SAILING DEVICE.
FR2526753A1 (en) * 1982-05-12 1983-11-18 Nguyen Manh Khanh Square or triangular framed boat sail - has sail on a spar pivoted to the mast and rigidly held in shape
FR2527546B1 (en) * 1982-05-25 1986-09-26 Debarge Philippe NEW RIGGING AND SAILS FOR BOATS

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8607328A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2583372A1 (en) 1986-12-19
FR2583372B1 (en) 1989-11-10
WO1986007328A1 (en) 1986-12-18

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