EP2042424A1 - Hybrid sailboard/centre-board sailing craft equipped with an anchor mast that can tilt simultaneously in the transverse and longitudinal planes - Google Patents

Abstract

The water craft has two chain plates (20) located on both sides of a hull (22) and in a rear of a mast foot (4), and a stay (26) comprising an elastic strap (27). Two shrouds (8, 9) are provided with lengthening/reducing units for reducing/lengthening a length of the shrouds, where the length of the shrouds is provided for a function to exert a contrary force to the elastic strap of the stay, such that an inclination of a mast (2) by wind is caused in a transversal plane while increasing a collection of the mast in a longitudinal plane.

Description

The present invention relates to a hybrid sailing boat that combines the advantages of the traditional sport dinghy (hull that can accommodate several crew members, mast stay, drift and rudder retractable) and the benefits of windsurfing (planing hull, flexible mast and plan of tilting wing).

We know the sport dinghy whose hull, usually two-seater, is equipped with a retractable rudder and rudder. Its traditional rig is composed of a substantially triangular sail stretched over a mast and a balm. The mast is held erect in a fixed position by two stays and a forestay. The shrouds are stretched between a fixed attachment point of the mast and two integral camens of the hull located on either side thereof and behind the mast foot. The forestay is stretched between a fixed point of attachment of the mast and a bow frame. The opening and closing of the sail is performed using a fixed mainsheet hoist and a rear center point of the deck (on some models, the mainsheet hoist is fixed on a sliding carriage on a listening rail fixed in the transverse axis of the bridge).
The sport dinghy has progressed little since its origin and is penalized by its displacement hull, its fixed rigging, its size and its mediocre performances.

We know the windsurfing which is currently the fastest sailing gear and also the simplest. It is characterized by a hull substantially flat hull spatulate in its front and by a set mast / sail / wishbone not guyed whose foot of mast is connected to the hull by a joint allowing the rotation and the inclination of the sail plan in all planes. Its performance is due to five major characteristics that all contribute to reducing the braking speed: the very light planing hull minimizes the volume of displacement and the surface of contact with the water; the retracted position of the fin reduces the length of the hull and therefore the surface of contact with the water; the ability to tilt the sail plan from front to back (in the longitudinal plane) to coincide at any time, the center of thrust of the sail with the resultant anti-drift forces, ensuring a perfect dynamic stability of the when its hull projects, without having to compensate with a rudder which would act as a brake; the ability to tilt the sail plan to the wind (in the transverse plane) creating a lift force reducing all the pressure of the hull on the water (pressure which is a drag on the progress); the flexible mast having the advantage of allowing the fall of the free sail to position itself to the best of the flow of air reducing the drag.
Windsurfing seems to have all the advantages except that of being able to sail to several teammates.
The standing position of the practitioner holding the unmounted sail plan by hand limits the return torque to the length of his arms only and limits his sailing range to that of a beach gear.

We know from the European patent 91 402786.7 in the name of the present inventor a mobile rig for sailing watercraft and nautical sailing craft comprising at least one planing hull provided with such a rig that allows to control the inclination of a guyed mast in the longitudinal plane by action on the mainsheet hoist. This device is characterized by a sail plan of the type windsurf board mounted on a universal joint, a forestay comprising an extensible elastic part and by stays attached to the deck by the chainrings located on the same transverse axis as the mast foot.

This device allows the inclination of the mast only in the longitudinal plane. In addition, the mainsail hoist has been diverted from its original function: the opening and closing of the sail. This function then provided by the only rail, limits the opening of the sail to the length of the rail and therefore does not allow navigation in the downwind. This device is particularly inappropriate for a monohull whose width of the hull and therefore of the listening rail, is limited.

We know from the patent FR2 782 058 A1 (Tymen Remi ) a device for steering without rudder a craft with a sail by acting on the inclination of its sail plane in the longitudinal plane by action on the mainsheet hoist. "This device is characterized by a plane of "homogeneous" wing consisting of a sail stretched over a mast and a balm connected together by a curved piece fixed to the hull by a "soft" gimbal, by elastic return means between the mast and the front of the hull, and by "self-adjustable" stays in the form of deformable triangles according to the inclination of the mast.
This device has the same disadvantages described above for the aforementioned patent EUR 91 402786.7.

We know from the patent DE 197 07 256 A1 (Milosevic Zeljko) a "flexible" rig for monohulls and multihulls. The inclination of the mast in the transverse plane is obtained by means of shrouds whose lower ends pass by return pulleys and are secured in a loop circuit operated by a winch positioned on the deck behind the mast. The inclination in the longitudinal plane is obtained by means of a second winch, positioned on the same longitudinal axis as the first, which adjusts the length of the stay whose lower end passes through a pulley. The first winch is mounted on a sliding carriage on two longitudinal rails and the free end of the forestay is connected to the carriage to catch the slack caused on the shrouds by the lengthening of the forestay.
This device makes it possible to adjust the inclination of the mast in the transverse plane and in the longitudinal plane but requires two distinct maneuvers to obtain a simultaneous inclination in the two planes. This device is also complicated, heavy, bulky and the trolley on a rail handling dangerous for the crew especially during tacking.

We know from the patent US 5 176 091 A (Burnham II Raymond M) a windsurfing for learning whose mast automatically returns to upright position by means of 4 elastic bungees stretched between the masthead and four floats arranged on either side of the hull.
This device operated directly by the arms of the user through the boom does not have controls that would block the inclination of the mast in the desired position and does not allow seated navigation of one or more team members. Its use is therefore limited to the learning of a single person.

We know from the patent WO 92/21556 A (Catsurfer Inc.) A catamaran consisting of two windsurfers connected by an arch structure. The inclination of the mast in the lateral plane and the longitudinal plane is obtained by moving the mast foot on a T-rail.
This device serves as a setting and has no controls for its operation.

• Un mât apte à recevoir une voile, dont la base est articulée sur un cardan solidaire du pont. Le mât est tenu dressé par un haubanage composé d'un étai comportant une partie élastique et deux haubans prolongés de deux palans. L'étai est tendu entre un point de capelage solidaire du mât et une cadène d'étrave située en avant du pont. Les haubans sont tendus entre ce même point de capelage et deux cadènes solidaires de la coque respectivement situées de part et d'autre de celle ci et en arrière du pied de mât. Chacun des palans est constitué par l'enroulement d'un cordage autour de deux blocs de poulies. Les blocs de poulies inférieurs sont pourvus de taquets coinceurs. Le cordage est commun au deux palans formant avec les deux haubans un circuit en boucle. Le cordage entre les deux palans comporte suffisamment de mou pour pouvoir utiliser les deux palans indépendamment l'un de l'autre. Deux noeuds sur la partie de cordage située entre les deux poulies limitent le débatement des palans.
• La réduction ou l'allongement de la longueur d'un hauban par l'intermédiaire du palan le prolongeant a pour effet d'étirer ou de relâcher la partie extensible de l'étai et d'entraîner l'inclinaison du mât dans un plan passant par le pied de mât, le point de capelage et la cadène sur laquelle le hauban est fixé.
• En décomposant ce mouvement: border le seul palan au vent a pour effet d'étirer la partie extensible de l'étai et d'incliner le mât au vent (dans le plan transversal) tout en augmentant simultanément la quête du mât (dans le plan longitudinal).
• Choquer le palan a pour effet inverse, permettant à la partie extensible de ramener le mât en position verticale.
• Border conjointement le deuxième palan a pour effet d'étirer encore plus la partie extensible et d'augmenter encore plus la quête du mât.
• Une telle inclinaison du mât correspond exactement à ce que réalise le véliplanchiste lors de sa recherche de vitesse en exerçant avec son corps une traction sur le plan de voilure par l'intermédiaire du wishbone.
• L'avantage d'incliner le plan de voilure au vent est de créer une force de sustentation qui diminue d'autant la pression de la coque sur l'eau. L'avantage d'augmenter la quête de mât est de faire coïncider le centre de poussée de la voile avec la résultante des forces anti-dérive lorsque la coque déjauge.
• L'avantage d'un tel dispositif est de pouvoir reproduire ce double réglage décisif par une unique action sur le seul palan au vent et sans avoir a préalablement donner du mou à l'étai. L'action facultative sur le deuxième palan sous le vent permet d'affiner les réglages.
• L'ouverture et la fermeture de la voile se font séparément et traditionnellement à l'aide du palan d'écoute de grand voile.

The device according to the invention makes it possible to remedy these drawbacks by making it possible to incline a guyed mast simultaneously in the longitudinal plane and in the transverse plane by a single maneuver and by means adapted to the easy and safe use of a dinghy lightweight.
The device according to the invention comprises according to a first characteristic:

• A mast adapted to receive a sail, whose base is articulated on a universal joint secured to the bridge. The mast is held up by a stay consisting of a forestay comprising an elastic part and two stays extended by two hoists. The forestay is stretched between a fixed attachment point of the mast and a bow frame located in front of the bridge. The shrouds are stretched between the same point of capelage and two integral stringers of the hull respectively located on either side of it and behind the mast foot. Each of the hoists is constituted by the winding of a rope around two blocks of pulleys. The lower pulley blocks are provided with cleats. The rope is common to the two hoists forming with the two guys a loop circuit. The rope between the two hoists has enough slack to be able to use the two hoists independently of one another. Two knots on the part of rope between the two pulleys limit the debate of the hoists.
• The reduction or lengthening of the length of a stay by means of the hoist extending it has the effect of stretching or releasing the extendable portion of the stay and causing the inclination of the mast in a passing plane. by the foot of the mast, the point of capelage and the cadena on which the stay is fixed.
• By decomposing this movement: tying the only hoist to the wind has the effect of stretching the extensible part of the forestay and tilting the mast to the wind (in the transverse plane) while simultaneously increasing the mast's quest (in the plane). longitudinal).
• Shocking the hoist has the opposite effect, allowing the extensible part to return the mast to the upright position.
• Jointly bordering the second hoist has the effect of further stretching the extensible part and further increasing the mast's quest.
• Such an inclination of the mast corresponds exactly to what the windsurfer realizes when looking for speed by exerting with his body a traction on the plan of wing by the intermediary of the wishbone.
• The advantage of tilting the sail plan to the wind is to create a lift force that decreases the pressure of the hull on the water. The advantage of increasing the mast search is to match the center of the sail's thrust with the resultant anti-drift forces when the hull is sinking.
• The advantage of such a device is to be able to reproduce this double decisive adjustment by a single action on the only hoist in the wind and without having to previously give slack to the forestay. The optional action on the leeward second hoist refine the settings.
• The opening and closing of the sail is done separately and traditionally using the mainsheet hoist.

A second feature of the invention is to use a flexible mast with a joint, common to the forestay and stay, located very low in the lower 1/3 of the mast. Such a device has the advantage of leaving the upper part of the flexible mast free to bend and thus allow the fall of the free sail to position itself to the best of the flow of air and to open freely during the awnings while restoring the energy absorbed by the mast from the oversold past. Such a device also has the advantage of seeing down the center of thrust of the sail during overselling (the sail opening from above), decreasing the risk of capsizing.
In order to be able to use a standard windsurfing mast, the coupling will be removable, integral with a cylindrical inner section of the part enclosing the mast and provided with clamping means.

• être équipée d'une dérive rétractable ayant la particularité d'être positionnée très en arrière de la carène, proche du tableau arrière. Une telle disposition permet de raccourcir la coque dont la partie située en arrière de la dérive est inutile. La chute de la voile déborde alors du tableau arrière et son centre de poussée coïncide sensiblement avec la dérive lorsque l'engin est en pleine vitesse.
• être pourvue d'une carène sensiblement plate, spatulée en son avant ayant la particularité d'être très courte et très large, dans un rapport longueur/largeur sensiblement égal à 2.
• être pourvue d'un plan de pont prolongé de deux appendices latéraux, situés de part et d'autre et en arrière du pont, surélevés par rapport à celui-ci et s'élargissant dans leurs parties arrières, conçus pour accueillir une ou plusieurs personnes assises ou en position de rappel.
• être pourvue d'un becquet, solidaire du tableau arrière, prolongeant la carène sur toute sa largeur dont la vue en plan est en forme de bec de canard, pour optimiser l'écoulement des filets d'eau en arrière de la carène.
• être pourvue d'une marotte dans le prolongement de la spatule pour augmenter le volume sur l'avant et réduire les risques d'enfournement.

A third feature of the invention lies in the architecture of its planing hull hull, which advantageously takes advantage of the tilt wing plane in the two planes described above, has all or any of the following:

• be equipped with a retractable dagger having the distinction of being positioned very behind the hull, close to the transom. Such an arrangement makes it possible to shorten the hull of which the part located behind the drift is useless. The fall of the sail then overflows the transom and its center of thrust coincides substantially with the drift when the craft is in full speed.
• be provided with a substantially flat hull, spatulated in its front having the particularity of being very short and very wide, in a length / width ratio substantially equal to 2.
• be provided with an extended deck plan of two lateral appendages, located on both sides and behind the deck, raised above it and widening in their rear parts, designed to accommodate one or more persons seated or in a recall position.
• be provided with a spoiler, integral with the transom, extending the hull over its entire width, the plan view is shaped duckbill, to optimize the flow of water nets back of the hull.
• be provided with a fan in the extension of the spatula to increase the volume on the front and reduce the risk of charging.

A fourth feature of the invention consists in the possibility of using the great planning potential of the hull described above for motor use. The engine, advantageously of the outboard type, is bolted to a support, extended by a spar, whose ends are nested in pre-existing elements. the end motor side is fitted on the saffron spur and the free end of the spar is fitted on the mast foot. The lightness of the machine and the width of the hull allow planning with a 6 HP engine without a license.

• la figure 1 est une vue perspective de 3/4 face et de dessus de l'ensemble de l'invention;
• la figure 2 est une vue perspective 3/4 dos et de dessous de l'ensemble de l'invention;
• la figure 3 est une vue en plan de l'ensemble de l'invention mettant en évidence le mécanisme d'inclinaison du mât en position neutre (pour plus de clarté, la partie supérieure du mât située au dessus du capelage, la voile, le wishbone et le palan d'écoute de grand voile ne sont pas représentés;
• la figure 4 est une vue en plan de l'ensemble de l'invention mettant en évidence l'inclinaison du mât simultanément dans le plan transversal et longitudinal lorsque l'on borde le palan bâbord (pour plus de clarté, la partie supérieure du mât située au dessus du capelage, la voile, le wishbone et le palan d'écoute de grand voile ne sont pas représentés);
• la figure 5 représente une vue de détail en plan et en élévation du capelage.
• la figure 6 représente une vue en coupe transversale de la coque à carène planante équipée d'un moteur hors bord.

The accompanying drawings, given by way of non-limiting examples, illustrate the invention:

• the figure 1 is a perspective view of 3/4 face and top of the assembly of the invention;
• the figure 2 is a perspective perspective 3/4 back and bottom of the assembly of the invention;
• the figure 3 is a plan view of the assembly of the invention highlighting the mechanism of inclination of the mast in neutral position (for greater clarity, the upper part of the mast located above the body, the sail, the boom and the mainsail hoist are not represented;
• the figure 4 is a plan view of the assembly of the invention highlighting the inclination of the mast simultaneously in the transverse and longitudinal plane when one borders the port hoist (for greater clarity, the upper part of the mast located above the body, the sail, the wishbone and the mainsheet hoist are not shown);
• the figure 5 represents a detail view in plan and in elevation of the coupling.
• the figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the planing hull hull equipped with an outboard engine.

• d'un ensemble voile(1)/mât(2)/wishbone(3) de type planche à voile.
• Le pied de mât (4), du type planche à voile, est articulé en un point central du pont (25) par l'intermédiaire d'un cardan (5), lui même fixé sur un rail (79) de pied de mât de type planche à voile.
• Un tube rigide (6) réalisé en fibres de carbones disposées prioritairement dans l'axe longitudinal pour résister à des contraintes de flambage est inséré dans la partie inférieure du mât (2) entre le pied de mât (4) et le wishbone (3).
• Le capelage (7) est positionné sur le mât (2) juste en dessous du wishbone et solidaire d'une pièce de serrage (30) démontable en polycarbonate, de section intérieure cylindrique, fendue sur toute sa hauteur. Les 2 bords de la fente sont prolongés par deux plans de serrage (23)
  et (24) paralléles entre eux, verticaux, perpendiculaires au mât (2) et renforcés par deux platines en inox (81) et (82), noyées dans la masse. Les plans de serrage (23) et (24) sont percés chacun de 4 trous. Les deux trous les plus proches du mât (83) et 84) sont destinés à recevoir les boulons de serrage (85) et (86). Un mousqueton de montagne (64), faisant office de capelage (7), avec sécurité (10) est boulonné entre les deux plans de serrage (23) et (24) dans les trous restant (87 et 88) à l'aide de deux autres boulons (89) et (90). Une chemise en caoutchouc (64) est intercalé entre le mât (2) et l'intérieur de la pièce de serrage cylindrique (30) pour un parfait ajustement, ne pas blesser le mât et éviter de glisser.
• Chacun des deux haubans (8) et (9) est constitué d'un bout en kevlar dont l'extrémité supérieure nouée en une boucle passe dans le mousqueton (64) de capelage (7).
• Les extrémités libres des haubans (8) et (9) sont prolongées par deux palans (11) et (12) à 6 brins. Chaque palan (11) et (12) est constitué d'un enroulement de cordage (13) autour de deux blocs de 3 poulies (14), et (15), le bloc inférieur (14) étant équipé d'un taquet coinceur (16) boulonné sur une équerre (17) en tôle d'inox, elle-même rivetée sur la base du bloc de poulies inférieur (14). Le cordage (13) est commun aux deux palans (11) et (12) et forme avec les deux haubans (8) et (9) un circuit en boucle. La portion de cordage (13) située entre les deux palans (11) et (12) comporte une longueur de mou et deux noeuds (18) et (19) limitent le débattement des palans (11) et (12).
• Les palans (11) et (12) sont eux mêmes respectivement reliés à la coque (22) par des manilles à deux cadènes (20) et (21) positionnées de part et d'autre de la coque (22) et en arrière du pied de mât (4).
• L'étai (26) constitué d'un bout en kevlar est prolongé dans sa partie supérieure par un enroulement de sandow élastique (27) enroulé entre deux anneaux en inox (28) et (29). L'anneau supérieure (28) est relié au mousqueton (64) de capelage (7). L'extrémité libre de l'étai (26)
  est reliée par l'intermédiaire d'un mousqueton à la cadène d'étrave (31). Un bout de sécurité (77) en kevlar relie les deux anneaux (28) et (29) pour limiter l'extension du sandow élastique (27).
• Le palan d'écoute de grand voile (32) est constitué d'une écoute (33) enroulée entre deux blocs de 3 poulies (34) et (35), le bloc inférieur (34) étant équipé d'un taquet coinceur. L'une des extrémités du palan (32) est fixée en un point central à l'arrière du pont (25) sur un pontet (36). L'extrémité libre du palan (32) est reliée par l'intermédiaire d'un mousqueton à un bout en patte d'oie (37) dont les extrémités sont respectivement nouées autour des deux bras du wishbone (3) en sa partie arrière. Un noeud (38) réalisé sur l'écoute (33) de grand voile limite le débattement du palan (32).
• Le wishbone (3) est équipé de deux bouts de harnais (39) et (40). Chacun des bouts de harnais est prolongé
  par un petit palan (41), équipé d'un taquet coinceur, faisant office de trapèze pour l'équipier ou le barreur.
• La coque planante (22) est réalisée en sandwich composite constitué d'une âme PVC haute densité sur laquelle sont stratifiées de part et d'autre deux peaux en verre/polyester.
• Dans une version préférentielle, la coque est à bouchain vif et renforcée de deux longerons longitudinaux internes (de même nature que la coque), verticaux et parallèles entre eux prenant le puits de dérive (41) en sandwich et servant d'ancrage au cardan (5) de pied de mât, à la cadène d'étrave (31), et au pontet (36) sur lequel est fixé le palan de grand voile (32).
• La carène (42) est sensiblement plate, elle est de grande largeur et de courte longueur, dans un rapport longueur/largeur sensiblement égal à 2. Elle est spatulée (63) en son avant et en léger V en son arrière.
• Deux bordées (43) et (44) relient la carène (42) au pont (25) surélevant celui-ci en particulier sur ses deux bords arrière.
• Le pont (25) est constitué de deux plaques, en sandwich composite de même nature que la coque, jointes sur l'axe longitudinal formant un léger V plus prononcé sur l'avant.
• Deux appendices latéraux (45) et (46) en forme d'ailes prolongent les deux bords arrières du pont (25). Ils sont surélevés par rapport au pont (25) et s'élargissent sur leurs arrières. Leurs surfaces supérieures sont sensiblement planes et peuvent accueillir deux équipiers assis ou en position de rappel. Chacun des appendices latéraux (45) et (46) sont recouverts d'anti-dérapant et sont équipés de footstraps (48). Le pont (25) est équipé de sangles de rappel (47).
• Un tableau arrière (50) relie l'arrière du pont (25), l'arrière de la carène (42) et les deux bordées (43) et (44).
• L'arrière de la carène (42) se prolonge sur toute sa largeur par un becquet (51) solidaire du tableau arrière (50) dont la vue en plan est en forme de bec de canard.
• Une marotte (52), constituée de deux panneaux inclinés joints en V, prolonge la spatule (63) et relie entre eux l'avant du pont (25) et les deux bordées (43) et (44)
• La coque est pourvue d'une dérive (78) sabre de grand allongement, coulissant dans un puits de dérive (41), positionnée très en arrière de la carène (42).
• Un safran (53), constitué d'une lame (54) pivotant selon l'axe transversal entre les deux joues de la tête de safran (57), elle-même pivotant selon l'axe vertical sur deux aiguillots (58) et (59), vissés sur une protubérance (60) du pont (25) en aplomb du tableau arrière (50). La tête de safran (57) est prolongée d'une barre (61), elle-même prolongée d'un stick (62) articulé en son extrémité.
• La dérive rétractable de type sabre (78) et la lame de safran (54) sont constituées de deux peaux en fibres de carbone imprégnées d'époxy de part et d'autre d'une âme en microbilles de verre elles-mêmes imprégnées d'époxy.
• Un cardan (5) est fixé en un point central de la coque pour accueillir le pied de mât (4).
• Deux cadènes (20) et (21) matérialisées par deux platines en inox percées de 3 trous sont fixées de part et d'autre de la coque, par l'intermédiaire de 2 boulons chacune. Les deux trous restant accueillent les haubans (8) et (9).
• Une cadène d'étrave (31) matérialisée, par un pontet en inox, est vissée en avant du pont (25) pour accueillir l'étai (26).
• Un pontet (36) en inox est vissé en arrière du pont (25) entre le puits de dérive (41) et la protubérance (60), pour accueillir le palan d'écoute de grand voile (32).
• L'engin peut être équipé d'un moteur (64) du type hors bord. Le moteur (64) est boulonné sur un support moteur (65) constitué d'une platine (66) en aluminium, doublée sur sa face arrière d'un contre plaqué marine de même dimension, positionnée dans le plan transversal. Deux ergots (67) et (68) en aluminium, percés de trous verticaux, sont soudés sur la face avant de la platine (66) en aluminium. Chacun des deux ergots (67) et (68) viennent s'emboîter respectivement dans chacun des aiguillots de safran (58) et (59). Un tube aluminium (69), positionné dans l'axe longitudinal de la coque (22) est soudé en l'une de ses extrémités sur la face avant de la platine (66) au dessus des ergots (67) et (68). L'extrémité libre du tube aluminium (69) est emboîtée sur le pied de mât (4) du type planche à voile. Deux profilés aluminium en U (70) et (71), solidarisés au tube (69) par deux boulons en U (72) et (73), accueillent le réservoir (75).
  La présente invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation représenté et on peut y apporter des modifications sans sortir du domaine de l'invention.
• L'engin peut être équipé de toutes sortes de mât(s)(2) souple(s), rigide(s), métallique(s), matériaux composite... de tout profil et composé d'un ou de plusieurs éléments.
• Le renfort de mât rigide (6) est optionnel, il peut être extérieur au mât (2), peut avoir tout profil et être réalisée en tous matériaux.
• la pièce de serrage (30) peut être réalisé en touts matériaux (thermoplastique, composites, métal...), et peut être équipée de tous type de moyens de serrage. Le mousqueton (64) de capelage (7) peut-être directement solidaire du mât (2) ou positionné en tête du renfort de mât rigide (6) si celui ci est extérieur au mât (2).
  Le mousqueton (7) de montagne peut être remplacé par un mousqueton marine ou toute autre pièce de capelage (platines inox, manilles).
• Le rail de pied de mât (79) est optionnel.
• L'engin peut être équipé de tous types de voile(s) (1) traditionnelle(s), lattée(s) ou non, aile rigide(s)...
• Le wishbone (3) est optionnel ou peut-être remplacé par tous types de bôme.
• Les palans (11) et (12) prolongeant les haubans (8) et (9) peuvent être composés d'un nombre indéterminé de poulies ou peuvent être remplacés par tout autre dispositif mécanique, électro-mécanique, pneumatique, hydro-pneumatique... et peuvent être déplacés en tout lieu de la coque ou du gréement au moyen de renvois. Les haubans (8) et (9) peuvent être en câble inox ou en cordage de toute nature.
• La partie élastique (27) peut être remplacée par tout autre dispositif: à ressort mécanique, électro-mécanique, pneumatique, hydro-pneumatique... et peut être déplacée en tout lieu de la coque ou du gréement au moyen de renvois.
• L'engin peut être équipé de coque(s) (22) de toute(s) nature(s): du type monocoque, catamaran, trimaran... La(les) coque(s) (22) peut(peuvent) avoir toutes dimensions et proportions et peut(peuvent) être fabriquée(s) en toutes sortes de matériaux: composites, âmes en mousse PVC HD, nid d'abeille, balsa... renforts en verre, carbone, aramide..., résines époxy, polyester, vinylester... thermo-plastiques, contre plaqué... creuses ou moussées...
• Les cadènes (20) et (21) peuvent être traditionnellement constituées d'un pontet vissé sur une platine métallique ou de tout autre type.
• La carène (42) peut être travaillée en concave(s), redan(s), V plat, lift, spoon(s), rainure(s)...
• Le pont (25) peut avoir toutes sortes de formes, planes ou courbes. les deux protubérances (45) et (46) en forme d'ailes intégrées peuvent être amovibles ou repliables ou être remplacées par un (des) ensemble(s) en tubes et toile(s) tendue(s) et peuvent accueillir un nombre indéterminé de passagers.
• La dérive (78) peut être fixe, du type sabre ou pivotante ou remplacée par une quille.
• Le safran (53) est optionnel, peut être du type sabre ou pivotant...
• L'engin peut-être équipé de moteur(s) (64) thermique(s), électrique(s) du type inboard, outboard, jet...
  Le support moteur (66) et le tube (69) peuvent être réalisés en touts matériaux. Le tube (69) peut être doublé et avoir toute section et peut accueillir un (des) siège(s).
  Le réservoir (75) peut être solidarisé au(x) tube(s) (69) par tout type de liaisons et être positionné en tout lieu.
• D'une manière générale, on peut remplacer tous les éléments décrits ci-dessus par des éléments équivalents remplissant la même fonction pour obtenir le même résultat.

With reference to these drawings, the watercraft is equipped in a preferred version:

• a sail set (1) / mast (2) / wishbone (3) windsurfing type.
• The mast-like base (4) is articulated at a central point of the bridge (25) by means of a universal joint (5), itself attached to a mast foot rail (79). windsurfing type.
• A rigid tube (6) made of carbon fibers arranged primarily in the longitudinal axis to withstand buckling stresses is inserted into the lower part of the mast (2) between the mast foot (4) and the boom (3). .
• The coupling (7) is positioned on the mast (2) just below the boom and secured to a clamping piece (30) Removable polycarbonate, cylindrical inner section, split over its entire height. The two edges of the slot are extended by two clamping planes (23)
  and (24) parallel to each other, vertical, perpendicular to the mast (2) and reinforced by two stainless steel plates (81) and (82), embedded in the mass. The clamping planes (23) and (24) are each drilled with four holes. The two holes closest to the mast (83) and 84) are intended to receive the clamping bolts (85) and (86). A snap hook (7), with security (10), is bolted between the two clamping planes (23) and (24) in the remaining holes (87 and 88) with the aid of two other bolts (89) and (90). A rubber jacket (64) is interposed between the mast (2) and the inside of the cylindrical clamp (30) for a perfect fit, not to hurt the mast and to avoid slipping.
• Each of the two shrouds (8) and (9) consists of a Kevlar tip whose upper end knotted in a loop passes through the karabiner (64) (7).
• The free ends of the stays (8) and (9) are extended by two hoists (11) and (12) with 6 strands. Each hoist (11) and (12) consists of a rope winding (13) around two blocks of 3 pulleys (14), and (15), the lower block (14) being equipped with a cleat ( 16) bolted to a bracket (17) of stainless steel sheet, itself riveted to the base of the lower block of pulleys (14). The rope (13) is common to both hoists (11) and (12) and forms with the two stays (8) and (9) a loop circuit. The portion of rope (13) between the two hoists (11) and (12) has a length of slack and two knots (18) and (19) limit the movement of the hoists (11) and (12).
• The hoists (11) and (12) are themselves respectively connected to the hull (22) by shackles with two paddles (20) and (21) positioned on either side of the hull (22) and behind the hull (22). mast foot (4).
• The strut (26) consists of a Kevlar tip is extended in its upper part by a bungee winding elastic strap (27) wound between two stainless steel rings (28) and (29). The upper ring (28) is connected to the snap hook (64) (7). The free end of the forestay (26)
  is connected via a carabiner to the bow frame (31). A security tip (77) in Kevlar connects the two rings (28) and (29) to limit the extension of the bungee cord (27).
• The mainsheet hoist (32) consists of a headset (33) wound between two blocks of 3 pulleys (34) and (35), the lower block (34) being equipped with a cleat. One end of the hoist (32) is fixed at a central point at the rear of the bridge (25) on a bridge (36). The free end of the hoist (32) is connected by means of a snap hook with a bridle end (37) whose ends are respectively tied around the two arms of the boom (3) in its rear part. A knot (38) formed on the mainsheet (33) limits the travel of the hoist (32).
• The boom (3) is equipped with two harness ends (39) and (40). Each of the harness ends is extended
  by a small hoist (41), equipped with a cleat, acting trapeze for the teammate or helmsman.
• The planing hull (22) is made of composite sandwich consisting of a high density PVC core on which are laminated on both sides two glass / polyester skins.
• In a preferred version, the hull is bright chine and reinforced with two internal longitudinal longitudinal members (of the same nature as the hull), vertical and parallel between them taking the drifting well (41) in sandwich and serving as anchorage to the gimbal ( 5) mast foot, the bow frame (31), and the bridge (36) on which is fixed the mainsail hoist (32).
• The hull (42) is substantially flat, it is of great width and short length, in a length / width ratio substantially equal to 2. It is spatulate (63) in its front and light V in its rear.
• Two edgings (43) and (44) connect the hull (42) to the bridge (25) raising it in particular on both rear edges.
• The bridge (25) consists of two plates, composite sandwich of the same nature as the shell, joined on the longitudinal axis forming a slight V more pronounced on the front.
• Two wing-shaped side appendages (45) and (46) extend the two rear edges of the bridge (25). They are raised above the bridge (25) and widen on their backs. Their upper surfaces are substantially flat and can accommodate two teammates sitting or in a rest position. Each of the lateral appendages (45) and (46) are covered with anti-slip and are equipped with footstraps (48). The bridge (25) is equipped with return straps (47).
• A transom (50) connects the rear of the deck (25), the rear of the hull (42) and the two lined (43) and (44).
• The rear of the hull (42) extends throughout its width by a spoiler (51) integral with the transom (50) whose plan view is shaped duckbill.
• A fool (52), consisting of two inclined panels joined V, extends the spatula (63) and connects the front of the bridge (25) and the two lined (43) and (44)
• The hull is provided with a large elongation saber (78) slidable in a drift well (41) positioned very far back from the hull (42).
• A saffron (53), consisting of a blade (54) pivoting along the transverse axis between the two cheeks of the saffron head (57), itself pivoting along the vertical axis on two spigots (58) and ( 59), screwed on a protuberance (60) of the bridge (25) in line with the transom (50). The saffron head (57) is extended by a bar (61), itself extended by a stick (62) hinged at its end.
• The retractable sword-type drift (78) and the saffron blade (54) consist of two epoxy-impregnated carbon fiber skins on either side of a glass microbead core themselves impregnated with epoxy.
• A gimbal (5) is fixed at a central point of the hull to accommodate the mast foot (4).
• Two locks (20) and (21) materialized by two stainless steel plates pierced with 3 holes are fixed on either side of the shell, by means of 2 bolts each. The two remaining holes accommodate the shrouds (8) and (9).
• A bow cadena (31) materialized, by a stainless steel bridge, is screwed forward of the bridge (25) to accommodate the strut (26).
• A stainless steel bridge (36) is screwed behind the bridge (25) between the drift shaft (41) and the protrusion (60), to accommodate the mainsail hoist (32).
• The machine may be equipped with a motor (64) of the outboard type. The motor (64) is bolted to a motor support (65) consisting of an aluminum plate (66), lined on its rear face with a marine plywood of the same size, positioned in the transverse plane. Two lugs (67) and (68) aluminum, drilled with vertical holes, are welded to the front face of the plate (66) aluminum. Each of the two lugs (67) and (68) are respectively nested in each of the saffron pawls (58) and (59). An aluminum tube (69), positioned in the longitudinal axis of the shell (22) is welded at one of its ends to the front face of the plate (66) above the lugs (67) and (68). The free end of the aluminum tube (69) is fitted on the sailboard type foot (4). Two aluminum U profiles (70) and (71), secured to the tube (69) by two U-bolts (72) and (73), accommodate the reservoir (75).
  The present invention is not limited to the embodiment shown and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
• The machine can be equipped with all kinds of mast (s) (2) flexible (s), rigid (s), metallic (s), composite materials ... of any profile and composed of one or more elements.
• The rigid mast reinforcement (6) is optional, it can be outside the mast (2), can have any profile and be made of all materials.
• the clamping piece (30) can be made of any material (thermoplastic, composite, metal ...), and can be equipped with any type of clamping means. The carabiner (64) of capelage (7) may be directly integral with the mast (2) or positioned at the top of the rigid mast reinforcement (6) if it is outside the mast (2).
  The carabiner (7) of mountain can be replaced by a carabiner marine or any other part of capelage (stainless plates, shackles).
• The mast foot rail (79) is optional.
• The machine can be equipped with all types of sail (s) (1) traditional (s), slatted (s) or not, rigid wing (s) ...
• The boom (3) is optional or can be replaced by all types of boom.
• The hoists (11) and (12) extending the stays (8) and (9) can be composed of an indeterminate number of pulleys or can be replaced by any other mechanical, electromechanical, pneumatic, hydro-pneumatic device. and may be moved anywhere on the hull or rigging by means of cross-references. The shrouds (8) and (9) can be stainless steel cable or rope of any kind.
• The elastic portion (27) can be replaced by any other device: mechanical spring, electromechanical, pneumatic, hydro-pneumatic ... and can be moved anywhere at the hull or rigging by means of referrals.
• The machine can be equipped with hull (s) (22) of any kind (s): the monocoque type, catamaran, trimaran ... The (hull) (s) (22) can (have) have all dimensions and proportions and can (can) be manufactured in all kinds of materials: composites, HD PVC foam cores, honeycomb, balsa ... glass, carbon, aramid ... reinforcements, epoxy resins , polyester, vinylester ... thermo-plastic, against plating ... hollow or foamed ...
• Cadenes (20) and (21) may be traditionally made of a bridge screwed on a metal plate or of any other type.
• The hull (42) can be worked in concave (s), redan (s), V flat, lift, spoon (s), groove (s) ...
• The bridge (25) can have all kinds of shapes, planes or curves. the two protuberances (45) and (46) in the form of integrated wings can be removable or collapsible or be replaced by a set (s) tube and canvas (s) taut (s) and can accommodate an indeterminate number of passengers.
• The fin (78) can be fixed, saber or pivot type or replaced by a keel.
• The rudder (53) is optional, can be saber or swivel type ...
• The machine can be equipped with engine (s) (64) thermal (s), electric (s) of the inboard type, outboard, jet ...
  The motor support (66) and the tube (69) can be made of any material. The tube (69) can be doubled and have any section and can accommodate a seat (s).
  The reservoir (75) can be secured to the tube (s) (69) by any type of connection and be positioned anywhere.
• In general, all the elements described above can be replaced by equivalent elements fulfilling the same function to obtain the same result.

The present invention constitutes the emergence of a new type of gliding device, hybrid between windsurfing and sport dinghy with unique characteristics: performance, simplicity of implementation, small size, small weight, low budget and the great pleasure of sharing with his / her teammate (s) the sensations of skiing.

Claims (10)

Nautical craft provided with at least one hull (22) with hull (42) planing equipped with at least one fin (78) and at least one mast (2), adapted to receive at least one sail (1), held up by at least one prop (26) stretched between at least one bow platform (31) and at least one casing (7) integral with the mast (2) and with at least two stays (8) and (9), respectively stretched between the same clasp (7), and at least two battens (20) and (21) located on either side of the shell (22) and behind the mast foot (4) articulated on a gimbal ( 5) secured to the bridge (25) at a substantially central point, characterized in that the strut (26) comprises an elastic portion (27) and that each of the two struts (8) and (9) is provided with means for reducing or lengthening its length having the function of exerting a force contrary to the elastic portion (27) of the strut (26) and thus causing the inclination of the mast (2) to the wind in the transverse plane while simultaneously increasing the q mast end (2) in the longitudinal plane. Nautical craft according to claim 1, characterized in that the two stays (8) and (9) are respectively extended by at least two hoists (11) and (12), each consisting of a rope (13) wound between minus two sets of pulleys (14) and (15). Nautical craft according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that each set of lower pulleys (14), each of the two hoists (11) and (12), is provided with a cleat (16). Nautical craft according to claim 1 and any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rope (13) is common to both hoists (11) and (12), forming with the stays (8) and (9) a circuit Closed loop. Nautical craft according to any one of the claims previous, characterized in that the joint (7), common to the strut (26) and the two stays (8) and (9), is positioned in the lower 1/3 of the mast (2) and / or that the clasping (7) is embodied by a carabiner (64) integral with a cylindrical removable clamping piece (30), which encloses the mast (2), split over its height and whose two edges of the slot are extended by at least two clamping planes (23) and (24). A nautical craft according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its deck plane (25) is extended by two lateral appendages (45) and (46) located on either side and behind the deck (25). ), elevated in relation to the latter, designed to accommodate one or more persons seated or in a recall position. Nautical craft according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the proportions of its planing hull (42) are in a length / width ratio of less than 2.3. Nautical craft according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its fin (78) is positioned in the rear 1/3 of its planing hull (42). Nautical craft according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rear of its hull (42) is extended over its entire width by a spoiler (51), integral with the transom (50) and whose plan view is shaped like a duckbill. A nautical craft according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is equipped with an outboard motor (64) fixed on a removable engine mount (65), fitted on at least one of the spur guns (58) and / or (59) saffron (53), extended by at least one spar (69) whose free end is fitted on the mast foot (4).

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