EP0122547B1 - Dispositif de changement rapide - Google Patents

Dispositif de changement rapide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0122547B1
EP0122547B1 EP84103761A EP84103761A EP0122547B1 EP 0122547 B1 EP0122547 B1 EP 0122547B1 EP 84103761 A EP84103761 A EP 84103761A EP 84103761 A EP84103761 A EP 84103761A EP 0122547 B1 EP0122547 B1 EP 0122547B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hook
support frame
quick
latch
cross
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84103761A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0122547A1 (fr
Inventor
Hans Schaeff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Karl Schaeff GmbH and Co Maschinenfabrik
Original Assignee
Karl Schaeff GmbH and Co Maschinenfabrik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Karl Schaeff GmbH and Co Maschinenfabrik filed Critical Karl Schaeff GmbH and Co Maschinenfabrik
Priority to AT84103761T priority Critical patent/ATE25723T1/de
Publication of EP0122547A1 publication Critical patent/EP0122547A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0122547B1 publication Critical patent/EP0122547B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
    • E02F3/3622—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat with a hook and a locking element acting on a pin
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
    • E02F3/3645—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat with auto-engagement means for automatic snap-on of the tool coupler part
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
    • E02F3/3672—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat where disengagement is effected by a mechanical lever or handle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T292/00—Closure fasteners
    • Y10T292/08—Bolts
    • Y10T292/0911—Hooked end
    • Y10T292/0945—Operating means
    • Y10T292/0951—Rigid
    • Y10T292/0959—Swinging catch
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/32—Articulated members
    • Y10T403/32254—Lockable at fixed position
    • Y10T403/32262—At selected angle
    • Y10T403/32319—At selected angle including pivot stud
    • Y10T403/32327—At selected angle including pivot stud including radially spaced detent or latch component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/59—Manually releaseable latch type
    • Y10T403/591—Manually releaseable latch type having operating mechanism
    • Y10T403/593—Remotely actuated
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/60—Biased catch or latch
    • Y10T403/608—Pivoted

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a quick-change device for work tools on an excavator boom, loader arm or the like.
  • Tool holder with a holding frame pivotably arranged on the tool holder, a hook emanating from the holding frame, which has a hook jaw and a free rear side, a stop surface arranged behind the hook on the holding frame and a locking device, a cross tube attached to the work tool, to which the hook jaw is assigned as a receptacle, and with an abutment part on the work tool that interacts with the stop surface of the holding frame, an insertion opening for the hook is provided between the ends and the cross tube, so that pivoting movements of the holding frame the cross tube is covered by the hook jaw and the stop surface is moved against the stop part.
  • a quick-change device known from GB-A-2 040 262 has a relatively complicated structure in that a larger number of projections and recesses have to be brought into mutual engagement between the holding frame and the receptacle arranged on the tool carrier before locking can take place.
  • To produce these interlocking multiple projections and recesses complex machining operations are necessary, and on the other hand, this design requires careful, delicate handling when the holding frame approaches the tool holder, so that correct engagement designations are brought about between the numerous stop and receiving members and damage is avoided.
  • a by DE-A-3 018 831 also belonging to the prior art fastening device between a tool holder and a work tool can not remedy the elimination of the disadvantages described above, because with this device in a cumbersome arrangement two receptacles on the holding frame or on the this outgoing hook for two projections on the work tool are necessary.
  • the hook has a rear inclined surface, which in the locked state engages loosely in an opening in the work tool for gripping the cross tube and remains without function.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a quick-change device of the type mentioned, with which the replacement of work tools both in terms of the coupling function and in terms of the structural arrangement required for this is simplified in such a way that fewer interlocking components or projections are necessary, but nevertheless a after the first detection of the cross tube by the hook automatically centering clamping engagement takes place, as well as all stresses occurring during operation on the tool are absorbed by a single locking element.
  • this object is achieved in that the end of the insertion opening for the hook opposite the cross tube is formed from an inclined surface of the stop part, which extends the insertion opening to the opening entrance and that the rear of the hook is designed as an inclined surface in such a way that the hook engages with it Back aligned on the inclined surface of the stop part and at the same time comes to rest with the hook jaw on the cross tube as soon as the stop surface of the holding frame bears against the stop part and the locking device can be actuated.
  • the locking device is only used for the final fixing of the tool on the holding frame and for the transmission of rotational forces or tensile forces from the holding frame to the tool.
  • the locking device can consequently be made particularly simple, since it does not contribute to achieving the advantageous clamp-fit relationship between the holding frame and the working tool.
  • the stop part on the tool acts as a simple component stiffening the tool, which is simultaneously used as a stop for the rear oblique surface of the hook, also to form a system opposite the stop surface on the holding frame, and as a counterbolt for a locking device.
  • the stop part can be designed as a stop plate, one side of which serves as a counter-bolt part for an unlockable locking pawl mounted on the holding frame and resiliently biased in the closed position.
  • the holding frame can consist of two side parts connected by transverse stiffeners with two identically shaped hooks, between which the locking pawl is arranged at the end facing away from the hook mouth.
  • a holding frame 4 is fastened to the excavator or loader arm 1 and to an excavator or loader link 2 by means of pivot bolts or other pivot bearings 3a or 3b.
  • the holding frame consists of two side plates 4a, 4b (Fig. 2) which by one or more cross-connections, for. B. are connected by a tubular profile 5.
  • the side plates are each designed as hooks 6, which can wrap around a cross tube 21.
  • Each hook 6 has on its inside a corresponding semicircular seat surface 16 for receiving a cross tube 21 seated on the tool.
  • the hooks 6 are provided with an inclined surface 7 which, as can be seen in FIGS. 3 and 4, has a certain section has a straight course.
  • a pawl 9 is pivotally held on an axis 8.
  • the pawl has a first actuating arm 17, on which one or more springs 10 engage in order to bias it against a stop 11.
  • the biasing springs 10 can each be supported on an extension extending from the side plates, and corresponding stops 11 can also be attached to the side plates 4a and 4b.
  • the actual pawl has an inclined surface 12, by means of which it can be pivoted when touching a counter bevel 25 on the tool until it reaches an end position which is delimited by a second stop 13, this second stop simultaneously serving as a support for the biasing spring 10 serves.
  • the work tool e.g. B. an excavator bucket or a shovel is provided with a receptacle 20 which has two side webs 20a, 20b running parallel to the side parts of the holding frame 4.
  • the side webs are connected to a unit by a cross tube 21 and by a stop plate 22 and are arranged at a distance from one another which is sufficient to accommodate the holding frame 4 therebetween (FIG. 2).
  • the cross tube is arranged according to FIG. 1 with its central axis approximately in the extension of the central plane of the stop plate 22.
  • the hook 6 of the holding frame 4 hooks into the distance between the cross tube 21 and the stop plate 22.
  • the stop plate 22 also connects the two side webs 20a, 20b and serves at one end 23 as an abutment for the inclined surface 7 of the hook 6.
  • the underside of the holding frame which is designed as a stop surface 15, comes into contact with the upper side 14 of the stop plate 22.
  • the pawl 9 also has the other side 24 of the stop plate 22 provided with the inclined surface 25. In this state, the inclined surface 7 presses the hook 6 onto the cross tube 21 essentially without play.
  • FIG. 3 shows the process of engaging the holding frame and tool holder.
  • the holding frame 4 is hooked into the tool with the hook 6 and there into the opening between the cross tube 21 and the stop plate 22 and pivoted clockwise around the cross tube 21 until the pawl 9 engages or has caught the stop plate 22.
  • Fig. 3 shows the time at which the pawl 9 with its inclined surface 12 touches the counter bevel 25 of the stop plate 22 and is thereby rotated about the axis 8 counterclockwise and the force of the biasing spring 10.
  • the pawl 9 can have between its ends a second actuating arm 18 which contains an opening for receiving a manually operable plug-in arm with which the pawl is manually raised and unlocked.
  • the second actuating arm 18 is preferably arranged opposite the locking arm or the hook of the pawl by approximately 180 °.
  • the process of disengaging is shown in Fig. 4 in more detail.
  • the stop arranged in the path of the first actuating arm 17 of the pawl 9 is designed as a hydraulic plunger 30, which is pressed against the stop 13 while overcoming the force of the biasing spring 10, and then the holding frame 4 is pivoted counterclockwise in accordance with the arrow direction shown.
  • the plunger piston can be guided in a hydraulic cylinder 31 fastened to the side plate of the holding frame 4 such that it pivots the pawl into its unlocked position when the cylinder is acted upon while overcoming the spring force.
  • the oil pressure required to extend the piston 30 can be generated by the machine operator by hand or foot operation. This pressure is preferably generated by actuating a foot or hand lever 43 in the manner indicated by oil displacement by means of a small displacement piston 44, so that no additional engine hydraulics are required for this.
  • a particular aspect of the manual decoupling indicated in FIG. 1 is that this process can be carried out safely at any time, since the working tool is held in place by the cross tube 21 connected to it in the hooks 6 arranged on both side plates of the holding frame 4.
  • the hook 6 is continuously wider from its tip to the connection to the side webs 4a, 4b of the holding frame 4, or, in other words, that at the view in Fig. 1 from the center of the cross tube 21 to the back of the hook 6 rays are increasingly longer, especially over the area of the rear inclined surface 7 of the hook 6. If therefore the first thin hook at its tip by approaching and pivoting the Holding frame 4 is threaded into the space between cross tube 21 and stop plate 22, a self-centering process z. B. such that the sliding on the inclined surface 23 of the stop plate 22 hook is increasingly moved in the direction of the cross tube 21 until it detects the cross tube with the seat 16 substantially free of play.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Shovels (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)

Claims (12)

1. Dispositif de changement rapide d'outils sur une flèche de pelle, un bras de chargeuse ou un support d'outils analogue, comportant un bâti de fixation (4) articulé au support d'outils, un crochet (6) partant de ce bâti de fixation et présentant une bouche (16) et un dos dégagé, une surface de butée (15) prévue sur le bâti de fixation derrière ce crochet et un dispositif de verrouillage (9), un tube transversal (21) fixé à l'outil et destiné à se loger dans la bouche de crochet, et, sur l'outil, un élément de butée (22) coopérant avec la surface de butée du bâti de fixation, une ouverture d'introduction du crochet, étant prévue entre l'extrémité de cet élément de butée et le tube transversal, de sorte que, par des mouvements de basculement du bâti de fixation, le tube transversal est enserré par la bouche du crochet, et la surface de butée (15) est amenée contre l'élément de butée (22), caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité de l'ouverture d'introduction du crochet (16) opposée au tube transversal (21) est formée d'une surface oblique (23) de l'élément de butée (22) qui élargit l'ouverture d'introduction dans la direction de son entrée, et en ce que le dos du crochet (6) est formé d'une surface oblique (7) de façon telle que le crochet s'appuie de manière concordante par son dos sur la surface oblique (23) de l'élément de butée (22) et vient en même temps s'appuyer par sa bouche sur le tube transversal dès que la surface de butée (15) du bâti de fixation s'appuie sur l'élément de butée (22) et qu'il devient possible pour le dispositif de verrouillage (9) d'entrer en action.
2. Dispositif de changement rapide selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de butée est une plaque (22) dont une face sert de partie contreverrou (24) pour un cliquet de verrouillage (9) déverrouillable monté sur le bâti de fixation (4) et précontraint élastiquement en position fermée.
3. Dispositif de changement rapide selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que le bâti de fixation (4) est constitué de deux éléments latéraux (4a, 4b) réunis par des éléments de renfort (5) et présentant deux crochets (6) de même forme, le cliquet de verrouillage (9) étant placé entre ces éléments latéraux à l'extrémité opposée à la boucle des crochets.
4. Dispositif de changement rapide selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le cliquet de verrouillage (9) est monté sur un axe (8) qui réunit deux éléments latéraux (4a, 4b) du bâti de fixation.
5. Dispositif de changement rapide selon l'une des revendications 3 et 4, caractérisé en ce que les crochets (6) ont une surface d'appui semi- circulaire adaptée au tube transversal (21) et s'élargissent progressivement entre leur extrémité et leur naissance.
6. Dispositif de changement rapide selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le logement (20) prévu sur l'outil présente deux barrettes latérales (20a, 20b) parallèles aux éléments latéraux du bâti de fixation (4) et qui sont raidies par le tube transversal (21) et par la plaque de butée (22).
7. Dispositif de changement rapide selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'axe du tube transversal (21) est à peu près dans le prolongement du plan médian de la plaque de butée (22).
8. Dispositif de changement rapide selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le cliquet de verrouillage (9) comporte un premier bras de manoeuvre (17) par lequel il précontraint dans le sens de fermeture un ressort (10) appuyé sur le bâti de fixation (4).
9. Dispositif de changement rapide selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le cliquet de verrouillage (9) comporte à proximité d'une paroi latérale (4a, 4b) du bâti de fixation (4), un bras de manoeuvre (17), auquel sont associés un ressort de précontrainte (10) appuyé sur un appendice (13) partant de la plaque latérale, et une butée (11) fixée à la même plaque latérale (4a, 4b).
10. Dispositif de changement rapide selon l'une des revendications 8 et 9, caractérisé en ce que le cliquet de verrouillage (9) présente un deuxième bras de manoeuvre (18) qui présente pour le déverrouillage manuel une ouverture (41) destinée à recevoir une tige (40) manoeuvrable à la main en vue de l'actionnement manuel.
11. Dispositif de changement rapide selon l'une des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la butée (11) placée sur le trajet du premier bras de manoeuvre (17) du cliquet de verrouillage (9) est formée d'un piston plongeur hydraulique (30) et est guidée de façon que lorsqu'elle est actionnée, elle fasse basculer le cliquet de verrouillage
(9) vers sa position d'ouverture en surmontant la force du ressort (10).
EP84103761A 1983-04-07 1984-04-05 Dispositif de changement rapide Expired EP0122547B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84103761T ATE25723T1 (de) 1983-04-07 1984-04-05 Schnellwechselvorrichtung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3312442A DE3312442C2 (de) 1983-04-07 1983-04-07 Schnellwechselvorrichtung für Arbeitswerkzeuge an einem Baggerausleger
DE3312442 1983-04-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0122547A1 EP0122547A1 (fr) 1984-10-24
EP0122547B1 true EP0122547B1 (fr) 1987-03-04

Family

ID=6195634

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84103761A Expired EP0122547B1 (fr) 1983-04-07 1984-04-05 Dispositif de changement rapide

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4632595A (fr)
EP (1) EP0122547B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE25723T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3312442C2 (fr)

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US4632595A (en) 1986-12-30
ATE25723T1 (de) 1987-03-15
EP0122547A1 (fr) 1984-10-24
DE3312442A1 (de) 1984-10-18
DE3312442C2 (de) 1986-05-28

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