EP0114219B1 - Installation de chauffe pour paille ou pour matière analogue - Google Patents

Installation de chauffe pour paille ou pour matière analogue Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0114219B1
EP0114219B1 EP83111204A EP83111204A EP0114219B1 EP 0114219 B1 EP0114219 B1 EP 0114219B1 EP 83111204 A EP83111204 A EP 83111204A EP 83111204 A EP83111204 A EP 83111204A EP 0114219 B1 EP0114219 B1 EP 0114219B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
air
combustion
baffle plate
floor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83111204A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0114219A2 (fr
EP0114219A3 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Simonis
Hans-Otto Dr.-Ing. Sacht
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gebrueder Welger GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Gebrueder Welger GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19823247484 external-priority patent/DE3247484A1/de
Application filed by Gebrueder Welger GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Gebrueder Welger GmbH and Co KG
Priority to AT83111204T priority Critical patent/ATE24237T1/de
Publication of EP0114219A2 publication Critical patent/EP0114219A2/fr
Publication of EP0114219A3 publication Critical patent/EP0114219A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0114219B1 publication Critical patent/EP0114219B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M9/00—Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields
    • F23M9/02—Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields in air inlets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
    • F23B1/30—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel characterised by the form of combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/10—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a firing system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a furnace for straw with a tubular combustion chamber is known from EP-A-38962.
  • two vortex flows are to be generated by individually spaced nozzles, which are arranged in the combustion chamber floor on both sides of the vertical combustion chamber central plane.
  • the manufacture of the combustion chamber with individual nozzles and air baffles for each individual nozzle is relatively complex and requires welding work which can only be carried out to a limited extent on the highly heat-resistant material.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve the combustion chamber in such a way that more uniform combustion of the straw strand is achieved with little design effort and the feed resistance of the ember bed in the combustion chamber is reduced.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that the swirl movements are generated by a baffle plate under the ember bed, which completely overlaps air supply openings arranged in the combustion chamber floor and extending in the longitudinal direction of the combustion chamber, so that a gap for the lateral outflow of the combustion air is formed between the baffle plate and the combustion chamber floor, the lateral Air outflow also has a fluidized bed effect on the ember bed.
  • Another advantage of the side air flow on both sides of the baffle plate is that in the area where the ember bed protrudes laterally beyond the baffle plate, the air layer between the ember bed and the combustion chamber floor forms a kind of fluid bed for the ember bed, which reduces the axial feed resistance of the ember bed.
  • the thus reduced wall friction of the ember bed allows the ember bed to "flow" through the combustion chamber without the embers bed becoming stuck, breaking open and sliding over one another, thereby reliably preventing the combustion chamber from becoming blocked.
  • a downwardly directed nozzle row is arranged above the baffle plate region in the combustion chamber ceiling of the combustion chamber region on the feed pipe side.
  • this row of nozzles serves to supply additional combustion air in the initial area of the combustion chamber, in which most of the carbonization gases are released; on the other hand, blowing in the combustion air, for example in the vertical axis of the combustion chamber, supports early insertion and complete formation of the two vortex flows.
  • a favorable embodiment of the subject matter of the invention is further achieved in that nozzle rows arranged in the combustion chamber floor and extending approximately over the entire length of the combustion chamber are only overlapped by the baffle plate by up to half the length of the combustion chamber.
  • the embers bed which has only a small amount of combustion air flowing through them from below in the baffle plate area, is subjected to intense air from below after the baffle plate area and the fuel is burned out.
  • the invention further proposes that the width of the baffle plate corresponds to approximately one sixth of the combustion chamber inner jacket circumference and that the baffle plate is designed as an easily removable sheet metal shell made of heat-resistant steel which is adapted to the shape of the combustion chamber base and which is kept at a distance from the combustion chamber base by supporting elements and is secured against shifting in the fuel thrust direction.
  • the baffle plate can be easily removed to clean the gap and is also easy to replace after wear. No welding work is required on the combustion tube itself to form the nozzle, but only simple drilling or punching work.
  • the combustion chamber consists of a cylindrical outer jacket which encloses a frustoconical inner jacket made of high-temperature steel, an annular space through which combustion air can flow is formed between the outer jacket and the inner jacket, which is connected to a compressed air blower at the combustion chamber inlet and is closed at the combustion chamber outlet, whereby the inner jacket is slidable and removable relative to a feed pipe.
  • This configuration avoids thermal stresses within the combustion chamber and the formation of cracks.
  • the manufacture of the combustion chamber and maintenance e.g. B. cleaning and replacing the fuel tube, very simplified.
  • the cross-section of the combustion chamber is reduced in the direction of fuel thrust.
  • the combustion chamber 2 is formed by a cylindrical outer jacket 3, into which a feed pipe 4 projects.
  • the outer jacket 3 has approximately twice the diameter of the feed tube 4 and lies with its central axis inclined downwards relative to the approximately horizontal feed tube 4.
  • the outer jacket 3 is supported by a vertical end plate 5 and is closed off in the axial direction by this end plate 5 outside the circumference of the feed tube.
  • the outer jacket 3 has a recess 6, into which a compressed air blower 7 opens.
  • a somewhat shorter hollow truncated cone-shaped inner jacket 8 is arranged inside the outer jacket 3.
  • the feed pipe 4 projects into the large opening 9 of the inner casing 8 at a short distance above the underside of the inner casing, which forms a combustion chamber floor 10.
  • the small opening of the inner casing 8 closes approximately with the outer casing 3 and forms an open combustion chamber outlet 13.
  • the inner casing underside runs parallel to the outer casing 3 at a distance, so that an air-flowable annular space 11 remains between the inner casing 8 and the outer casing 3.
  • An end plate 12 closes the large opening 9 outside the circumference of the feed tube.
  • the end plate 12 carries the inner jacket 8 and has a somewhat larger inner diameter than the feed tube 4, so that the inner jacket 8 with the end plate 12 can be displaced on the feed tube 4.
  • the inner jacket 8 encloses an annular disk 14.
  • the annular disk 14 covers the annular chamber 11 on the combustion chamber outlet side, on the one hand, and on the other hand it serves to fasten the inner jacket 8 to the outer jacket 3.
  • the annular disk 14 is at the outer circumference by 90 ° to the front flanged, and this flanged edge 15 is pushed into the outer jacket 3.
  • a fastening element 16 passes through the outer jacket 3 and the flanged edge 15 above and below. After the fastening elements 16 have been removed, the inner jacket 8 can be pulled out of the outer jacket 3.
  • the combustion air is blown into the annular space 11 by the compressed air blower 7 and enters the inner shell 8 through four nozzle sets from the annular space: a) A row of nozzles 17 extending approximately over the entire length of the combustion chamber is arranged in the combustion chamber base 10 on both sides at a distance from the vertical center axis of the combustion chamber is formed from individual holes. On the feed pipe side, these rows of nozzles 17 are completely overlapped by a baffle plate 18 over approximately% of the combustion chamber length.
  • the baffle plate 18 consists of a sheet metal shell made of highly heat-resistant steel which is adapted to the shape of the combustion chamber base 10, has a width which corresponds to approximately one sixth of the inner jacket circumference and has lateral interlocks 19 as supporting elements which keep the metal shell at a distance of approximately 2 mm from the combustion chamber base 10 , so that a gap 20 is formed between the baffle plate 18 and the combustion chamber floor 10.
  • the baffle plate 18 deflects the air jets flowing through the nozzle rows 17 into the gap space 20 by approximately 90 ° to the lateral outflow, so that an air flow 21, 22 is formed along the circumference of the inner jacket on each combustion chamber side.
  • a row of nozzles 27 is arranged above the baffle plate 18 in the combustion chamber ceiling formed by the inner jacket 8 and extends in the vertical central plane of the combustion chamber and extends in the axial direction of the combustion chamber 2, the air jets 28 of which are directed downwards and the length of which corresponds to approximately half the length of the baffle plate .
  • the rows of nozzles 17 are uncovered up to the combustion chamber outlet 13, so that the air is blown upwards in the radial direction 30.
  • nozzles 31 are provided in the form of bores, the flow 32 of which is directed radially downward, over the upper third of the inner jacket circumference.
  • a fuel strand 33 made of compressed short straw is pushed in the fuel thrust direction 29 through the feed pipe 4 into the combustion chamber 2 and the compressed air blower 7 is switched on.
  • the fuel strand 33 burns off on the end face, while the fuel strand 33 is being advanced over the baffle plate 18 and over the Combustion chamber floor 10 forms a bed of embers 34 made of straw coal, which becomes flatter towards the combustion chamber outlet 13.
  • the row of nozzles 27 Due to the conical shape of the inner jacket 8, the row of nozzles 27 has a component directed towards the fuel strand end for the supply of combustion air.
  • the released, volatile carbonization gases rise to the top of the combustion chamber and are captured by the air swirl movements 23, 24, mixed intensively with air, and flow as burning air-carbonization gas swirl movements 23, 24 to the combustion chamber outlet 13, due to the tapering of the combustion chamber 2 are kept close to the ember bed 34.
  • the row of nozzles 27 supports the formation of the two oppositely symmetrical swirl movements 23, 24 by the vertically downward directed air jets 28.
  • the air flowing out laterally from the gap space 20 creates an air layer between the ember bed 34 and the combustion chamber floor 10, which reduces the feed resistance of the ember bed 34.
  • the ember bed 34 After the ember bed 34 is pushed over the baffle plate 18, it is flowed through from below by the radially upward air jets 30 of the nozzle rows 17, so that residual fuel parts are still burned.
  • the nozzles 31 distributed in the upper third of the inner jacket circumference serve to burn residual gas. After reaching the combustion chamber outlet 13, the embers bed 34 falls down into the ash room at the bottom of the furnace.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Claims (6)

1. Installation de chauffe pour paille ou pour matière analogue, comportant une chambre de combustion (2), tubulaire et horizontale, pénétrant dans une chaudière (1), dans laquelle le matériau combustible est poussé de l'extérieur en direction axiale et à laquelle l'air de combustion est amené à partir d'un espace annulaire (11) entourant totalement ladite chambre de combustion (2), la configuration de la chambre de combustion (2) et la disposition d'arrivée de l'air de combustion étant combinées de manière à obliger l'air et les gaz de combustion à former deux puissants mouvements tourbillonnaires (23, 24) et à les conduire axialement sous forme de tourbillons très près du lit incandescent (34) reposant sur la sole (10) de la chambre de combustion, caractérisée en ce que les mouvements tourbillonnaires (23, 24) sont obtenus à l'aide d'une plaque-écran (18) située sous le lit incandescent (34) et recouvrant totalement des ouvertures d'arrivée d'air (17) disposées le long de la sole (10) de la chambre de combustion, de telle sorte qu'il subsiste un interstice (20) entre cette plaque-écran (18) et la sole (10) pour permettre un échappement latéral (21, 22) de l'air de combustion, qui exerce un effet additionnel favorable à l'écoulement du lit incandescent.
2. Installation de chauffe selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'une rangée de buses (27) dirigées vers le bas et situées sensiblement dans le plan vertical axial médian de la chambre de combustion (2), est disposée au-dessus de la zone de la plaque-écran, dans la voûte de la chambre de combustion, du côté du conduit d'alimentation.
3. Installation de chauffe selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que les rangées de buses (17) disposées sur la sole (10) de la chambre de combustion, et sensiblement sur toute sa longueur, ne sont pas recouvertes par la plaque-écran (18) jusqu'à la moitié environ de la longueur de la chambre de combustion.
4. Installation de chauffe selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que la largeur de la plaque-écran (18) correspond à environ un sixième du périmètre de l'enveloppe intérieure de la chambre de combustion, et en ce que la plaque-écran (18) est constituée d'une coquille de tôle d'acier hautement réfractaire, facile à extraire, de forme adaptée à celle de la sole (10) de la chambre de combustion, maintenue écartée de la sole (10) à l'aide de supports (19), et bloquée en direction de l'avancement (29) du matériau combustible.
5. Installations de chauffe selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que la chambre de combustion (2) est constituée d'une enveloppe extérieure cylindrique (3) entourant une enveloppe intérieure (8) en forme de tronc de cône creux, en acier hautement réfractaire, de telle sorte qu'on crée entre les enveloppes extérieure (8) et intérieure (3) un espace annulaire (11), dans lequel peut circuler l'air de combustion, et qui est branché, du côté de l'entrée de la chambre de combustion, sur une soufflerie à air comprimé (7) et fermé frontalement du côté de la sortie (13) de la chambre de combustion, ladite enveloppe intérieure (8) étant de plus construite de manière à pouvoir coulisser et être extraite par rapport à un conduit d'alimentation (4).
6. Installation de chauffe selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que la section de la chambre de combustion va en diminuant dans la direction (29) de l'avance du matériau combustible.
EP83111204A 1982-12-22 1983-11-10 Installation de chauffe pour paille ou pour matière analogue Expired EP0114219B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83111204T ATE24237T1 (de) 1982-12-22 1983-11-10 Feuerungsanlage fuer stroh oder aehnliches material.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3247484 1982-12-22
DE19823247484 DE3247484A1 (de) 1981-07-04 1982-12-22 Feuerungsanlage fuer stroh oder aehnliches material

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0114219A2 EP0114219A2 (fr) 1984-08-01
EP0114219A3 EP0114219A3 (en) 1985-08-28
EP0114219B1 true EP0114219B1 (fr) 1986-12-10

Family

ID=6181419

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83111204A Expired EP0114219B1 (fr) 1982-12-22 1983-11-10 Installation de chauffe pour paille ou pour matière analogue

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0114219B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE24237T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3368319D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2671166B1 (fr) * 1990-12-28 1993-04-16 Biomasse Normandie Assoc Rgle Chaufferie specialement concue pour la combustion de bois dechiquete.
ATE285551T1 (de) * 1999-10-07 2005-01-15 Maskinfabrikken Reka As Kessel mit verbrennungsretorte
SE0100662D0 (sv) * 2001-02-27 2001-02-27 Haakan Thunstroem Förbränningsanordning
FR2907198A1 (fr) * 2006-10-12 2008-04-18 S N E Ronot Bruleur a cereales
CN102269403A (zh) * 2011-07-06 2011-12-07 农业部规划设计研究院 一种秸秆燃料悬浮燃烧炉
AT513896B1 (de) * 2013-01-24 2016-03-15 Otto Ing Keiml Brenner für feste Brennstoffe mit drehbarem Brennrohr
CN103836614A (zh) * 2014-03-28 2014-06-04 张崇鑫 生物质燃烧器

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3071296D1 (en) * 1980-04-16 1986-01-30 Johan Thorsten Hellzen Arrangement for firing solid fuels
DE3016531C2 (de) * 1980-04-29 1982-10-07 Siegfried 2301 Osdorf Bieder Vorrichtung zur Verbrennung von locker gelagerten Feststoffen, insbesondere von verdichtetem Stroh
AT386268B (de) * 1981-04-10 1988-07-25 Trunkenpolz Maschinen Vorrichtung zum verbrennen von stroh, holzspaenen u.dgl.
DE3126419C2 (de) * 1981-07-04 1986-05-22 Gebrüder Welger GmbH & Co KG, 3340 Wolfenbüttel Feuerungsanlage für Stroh oder ähnliches Material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0114219A2 (fr) 1984-08-01
DE3368319D1 (en) 1987-01-22
EP0114219A3 (en) 1985-08-28
ATE24237T1 (de) 1986-12-15

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