EP0111499A1 - Wettable hydrophobic hollow fibers - Google Patents
Wettable hydrophobic hollow fibersInfo
- Publication number
- EP0111499A1 EP0111499A1 EP83901547A EP83901547A EP0111499A1 EP 0111499 A1 EP0111499 A1 EP 0111499A1 EP 83901547 A EP83901547 A EP 83901547A EP 83901547 A EP83901547 A EP 83901547A EP 0111499 A1 EP0111499 A1 EP 0111499A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- micropores
- hollow fibers
- bundle
- surface active
- active agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 36
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000000601 blood cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- XZIIFPSPUDAGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-chloro-2-n,2-n-diethylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine Chemical group CCN(CC)C1=NC(N)=CC(Cl)=N1 XZIIFPSPUDAGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002616 plasmapheresis Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940035044 sorbitan monolaurate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 206010018910 Haemolysis Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008588 hemolysis Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LWZFANDGMFTDAV-BURFUSLBSA-N [(2r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]-2-hydroxyethyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LWZFANDGMFTDAV-BURFUSLBSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000011067 sorbitan monolaureate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- AJDIZQLSFPQPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)C(F)(Cl)Cl AJDIZQLSFPQPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- SZHOJFHSIKHZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O SZHOJFHSIKHZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021360 Myristic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N Sorbitan monooleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IYFATESGLOUGBX-YVNJGZBMSA-N Sorbitan monopalmitate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O IYFATESGLOUGBX-YVNJGZBMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010261 blood fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003851 corona treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M decanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004132 diethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940052303 ethers for general anesthesia Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940071106 ethylenediaminetetraacetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940070765 laurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940105132 myristate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002889 oleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002943 palmitic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229950006451 sorbitan laurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950004959 sorbitan oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950003429 sorbitan palmitate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0081—After-treatment of organic or inorganic membranes
- B01D67/0088—Physical treatment with compounds, e.g. swelling, coating or impregnation
Definitions
- Hydrophobic membranes and particularly microporous membranes, have proven useful in the field of blood handling for oxygenation of blood, and also for the practice of membrane plasmapheresis in which plasma from the blood passes through the membrane for collection, while the cells are retained.
- corona treatment is used to provide a hydrophobic microporous membrane with a hydrophilic outer surface in which the micropores retain their hydrophobic characteristic.
- U.S. Patent No. 4,087,567 teaches an anticoagulent coating composition suitable for coating the interior sur ⁇ faces of a blood microsample collection tube such as a capillary tube, typically made of glass.
- the coating composition consists essentially of ethylene diamine tetraacetate held in a matrix of polyvinyl pyrrolidone.
- none of these systems are suitable for the purpose of this invention of rendering hydrophilic with an organic solvent bundles of hollow fibers or other membrane made out of a hydrophobic plastic such as polypropylene, particularly in a manner which is highly compatible with blood, exhibiting very low hemolysis and essentially no toxicity in the doses applied.
- hydrophobic membrane typically con ⁇ taining micropores of less than 10 microns
- hydrophilic membrane can be rendered hydrophilic to facilitate the flow of aqueous liquids such as blood therethrough, with a separated material passing through the micropores.
- This invention is particularly contemplated for use in separation devices containing bundles of hydrophobic, microporous hollow fibers, but the invention is not intended to be limited to such use, but can be used as desired in the medical or other fields for generally improving the flow characteris ⁇ tics of aqueous liquids through narrow flow channels defined by hydrophobic plastic surfaces.
- the surface active agent consists essentially of a nonionic ester of a carbohydrate moiety and an organic monoacid of 8 to 30 carbon atoms.
- the volatile organic solvent is a Freon-type material, i.e., a fluorochlorocarbon compound of no more than about 3 carbon atoms.
- a fluorochlorocarbon compound of no more than about 3 carbon atoms.
- the specific sur ⁇ face active agents of this invention exhibit improved solubility in such organic solvent materials. It is also understood that a minor amount of hydrogen may also be present in the fluorochlorocarbon compounds utilized in this invention if desired.
- the surface active agents used in this invention also exhibit improvements over surface active agents of the polyoxyalkylene glycol type in that the surface active agents of this invention are more efficient, more easily metabolized, and are subject to lower degree of toxic - reaction.
- a specific example of the surface active agent of this invention which is preferred is a mixture of monoesters of sorbitan with capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic and/or oleic acids.
- the mixture may include the following typical weight percentages of mono- esters, sold.as Span 20 by ICI Americas Inc.: sorbitan caprate 1.1%; sorbitan laurate 43.5%; sorbitan myristate 27.8%; sorbitan palmitate 19.2%; and sorbitan oleate 8.4%.
- other analogous esters can be used, pure or mixed, preferably monoesters of carbohydrates such as sorbitan, glucose, fructose, or other metabolizable carbo ⁇ hydrates of preferably 5 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the organic monoacids used of 8 to 30, and preferably 10 to 20, carbon atoms, may be any appropriate monoacid which reacts with the carbohydrate moiety to preferably form a monoester.
- OM i.e., one carbohydrate molecule reacted with one monoacid molecule.
- the acids which may be used include those des ⁇ cribed above or others such as tridecanoic acid, or mixed acids such as linseed oil acids, to provide an appropriate hydrophobic portion, combined with the hydrophilic carbohydrate moiety to form the desired surface active agent.
- the volatile organic solvent utilized preferably is selected from the group consisting of alcohols of no more than 3 carbon atoms, for example, methanol, ethanol, or isopropanol, ethers of no more than 4 carbon atoms, for example diethylether, and fluorochlorocarbon compounds of no more than about 3 carbon atoms, i.e., Freon-type materials such as l,l,2-trichloro-l,2,2-trifluoroethane.
- the fluorochlorocarbon compounds of no more than 3 carbon atoms are preferred because of their high volatility and low flam ability.
- the vapors of the fluorochlorocarbon compounds or other solvents may be recycled for condensa ⁇ tion and reuse.
- the hollow fibers treated in accordance with this invention may preferably define micropores in their walls of a size of typically no more than a 5 micron and preferably 1 micron mean diameter, and preferably sized to permit blood plasma to flow therethrough, but to prevent the passage of substantial numbers of blood cells therethrough.
- the mean pore size it is generally preferable for the mean pore size to be no greater than 0.6 micron, and typically no greater than 0.55 micron, down to 0.1 micron.
- the pores are at least 0.05 micron in diameter.
- the size of the pores may be about 0.3 to 0.55 micron. At lower pore sizes, particularly below 0.1 micron, plasma may be frac- tionated, separating out lower molecular weight components from higher molecular weight components of the plasma.
- the hollow fiber may be made of polypropylene as stated above, it may also be made of any hydrophobic material as may be desired, for example polyethylene, or copolymers containing polypropylene or polyethylene units copolymerized with butadiene, divinylbenzene, styrene, or other units, as well as other hydrophobic plastic materials.
- the bore diameters of the hollow fibers are preferably from 0.2 to 0.5 millimeter.
- Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a diffusion device in accordance with this inven ⁇ tion.
- Figure 2 is a greatly enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a single, hollow fiber in accordance with this invention.
- Figure 1 shows a diffusion device which can be used as a membrane plasmapheresis device.
- the overall structure of the device may be in accordance with conventional design for a hollow fiber separation device (e.g., a dialyzer), except as otherwise described herein.
- a hollow fiber separation device e.g., a dialyzer
- Hollow tubular casing 10 is shown to contain a bundle 12 of hollow, hydrophobic fibers made preferably of poly ⁇ propylene or a hydrophobic copolymer thereof.
- casing 10 defines manifold end caps 14 surrounding an end mass of potting material 16, through which the individual fibers 18 of bundle 12 penetrate to provide flow communication between inlet 20 and outlet 22 through the bores 24 of hollow fibers 18. This serves typically as the blood flow path through the separation device.
- Outlet port 26 communicates with the spaces within bundle 12 but outside of the individual fibers 18, and also manifold spaces 28, 32.
- inlet port 30 can be provided to provide oxygen to manifold space 32, where the oxygen flows between the individual, hollow fibers 18 to collect in manifold space 28 and to pass outwardly through port 26.
- inlet port 30 is unnecessary, but may e present as a second outlet.
- the product passing through outlet port 26 is blood plasma, which passes through the wall of hollow fiber 18 from bore 24 to the space between the individual fibers 18, for draining out of outlet port 26, and also port 30, if desired.
- the hollow fibers 18 contain a multitude of micropores 34 which are typically less than 1 micron in size, and are preferably about 0.3 to 0.55 micron in the case of membrane plasmapheresis.
- an impure form of sorbitan fatty acid esters for example, Span 20 sold by ICI Americas
- Span 20 sold by ICI Americas
- an impure form of sorbitan fatty acid esters can be mixed in a proportion of, for example about 10 to 16.3 weight percent in a reactor with the balance being l,l,2-trichloro-l,2,2-trifluoroethane (Freon 113) and stirred or shaken to dissolve the Span 20 into the Freon material. The mixture is then allowed to stand quietly until it fractionates into two separate fractions.
- the lower fraction is a solution of Freon 113 and the purified sorbitan monoester mixture (hereafter called sorbitan monolaurate), and is collected for further use.
- the collected solution is further diluted with Freon 113 to a sorbitan monolaurate concentration of about 1.9 to 3.2 percent by weight.
- a bundle 12 of hollow fibers, installed in casing 10 and sealed with sealant 16 in con- ventional manner, with the end caps 14 off, is positioned to receive the diluted Freon solution of sorbitan mono ⁇ laurate through port 26, with the solution passing into bores 24 of the hollow fibers through micropores 34.
- the hollow fibers are then allowed to drain by gravity, cen- trifuged for final draining, and dried in an oven at about 135° F.
- a film of sorbitan monolaurate adheres to the surfaces of each fiber 18 including the inner surfaces of micropores 34.
- end caps 14 may be applied to the device, and it may be sterilized by treatment with ethylene oxide or other desired sterili ⁇ zation technique.
- the resulting device readily receives blood flow in a uniform, complete manner through micropores of the individual fibers 18 for membrane plasmapheresis, or blood fractionation, or for other separation techniques with other aqueous solutions than blood.
- Such treatment with blood has been shown to be feasible without unacceptable levels of hemolysis or other ill effect.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US38798882A | 1982-06-14 | 1982-06-14 | |
US387988 | 1982-06-14 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0111499A1 true EP0111499A1 (en) | 1984-06-27 |
Family
ID=23532154
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP83901547A Withdrawn EP0111499A1 (en) | 1982-06-14 | 1983-04-06 | Wettable hydrophobic hollow fibers |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0111499A1 (it) |
IT (1) | IT1163465B (it) |
WO (1) | WO1984000015A1 (it) |
ZA (1) | ZA832803B (it) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4568366A (en) * | 1983-08-30 | 1986-02-04 | Baxter Laboratories, Inc. | In-line filter |
DE3574936D1 (de) * | 1984-09-17 | 1990-02-01 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co | Hydrophilisiertes membran aus einem poroesen, hydrophoben material und verfahren zu dessen herstellung. |
US4731260A (en) * | 1984-12-18 | 1988-03-15 | American Hospital Supply Corporation | Hydrophobic filter material and method |
DE3600527A1 (de) * | 1986-01-10 | 1987-07-16 | Fresenius Ag | Filter zur gewinnung von plasma bzw. plasmawasser, sowie verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
EP0266683B1 (en) * | 1986-10-29 | 1993-07-21 | ASAHI MEDICAL Co., Ltd. | A blood components collector unit |
NL8800796A (nl) * | 1988-03-29 | 1989-10-16 | X Flow Bv | Werkwijze voor de chemische analyse van bestanddelen van een lichaamsvloeistof, alsmede een testinrichting en testpakket voor een dergelijke analyse. |
JPH0286822A (ja) * | 1988-05-02 | 1990-03-27 | Terumo Corp | 親水性多孔質膜及びその製造方法並びに該多孔質膜を用いた液体濾過器 |
US4950224A (en) * | 1988-08-05 | 1990-08-21 | Healthdyne, Inc. | Apparatus and method for in vivo plasma separation |
TW246682B (it) * | 1991-08-12 | 1995-05-01 | Procter & Gamble | |
US5387207A (en) * | 1991-08-12 | 1995-02-07 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Thin-unit-wet absorbent foam materials for aqueous body fluids and process for making same |
DE4320198C1 (de) * | 1993-06-18 | 1994-07-14 | Fresenius Ag | Vorrichtung zum Gasaustausch, insbesondere zum Oxygenieren von Blut |
US5863501A (en) * | 1996-08-30 | 1999-01-26 | Minntech Corporation | Oxygenator priming method |
GB2352652A (en) * | 1999-08-06 | 2001-02-07 | Fsm Technologies Ltd | Pre-treating hollow fibre membranes for micro-organism detection |
DE60125406T2 (de) * | 2000-10-24 | 2007-10-11 | Kaneka Corp. | Hydrophilierte membran und hydrophilierungsverfahren dafür |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL269380A (it) * | 1960-09-19 | |||
US3772072A (en) * | 1971-06-14 | 1973-11-13 | Eastman Kodak Co | Method for treating reverse osmosis membranes |
US4087388A (en) * | 1976-10-21 | 1978-05-02 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process of preparing a permselective membrane |
US4203848A (en) * | 1977-05-25 | 1980-05-20 | Millipore Corporation | Processes of making a porous membrane material from polyvinylidene fluoride, and products |
-
1983
- 1983-04-06 EP EP83901547A patent/EP0111499A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1983-04-06 WO PCT/US1983/000495 patent/WO1984000015A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-04-21 ZA ZA832803A patent/ZA832803B/xx unknown
- 1983-06-06 IT IT21483/83A patent/IT1163465B/it active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8400015A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IT8321483A1 (it) | 1984-12-06 |
IT8321483A0 (it) | 1983-06-06 |
IT1163465B (it) | 1987-04-08 |
ZA832803B (en) | 1984-01-25 |
WO1984000015A1 (en) | 1984-01-05 |
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