EP0111499A1 - Wettable hydrophobic hollow fibers - Google Patents

Wettable hydrophobic hollow fibers

Info

Publication number
EP0111499A1
EP0111499A1 EP83901547A EP83901547A EP0111499A1 EP 0111499 A1 EP0111499 A1 EP 0111499A1 EP 83901547 A EP83901547 A EP 83901547A EP 83901547 A EP83901547 A EP 83901547A EP 0111499 A1 EP0111499 A1 EP 0111499A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
micropores
hollow fibers
bundle
surface active
active agent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP83901547A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Daniel R. Boggs
Mark W. Mcglothlin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baxter International Inc
Original Assignee
Baxter Travenol Laboratories Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Baxter Travenol Laboratories Inc filed Critical Baxter Travenol Laboratories Inc
Publication of EP0111499A1 publication Critical patent/EP0111499A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0081—After-treatment of organic or inorganic membranes
    • B01D67/0088—Physical treatment with compounds, e.g. swelling, coating or impregnation

Definitions

  • Hydrophobic membranes and particularly microporous membranes, have proven useful in the field of blood handling for oxygenation of blood, and also for the practice of membrane plasmapheresis in which plasma from the blood passes through the membrane for collection, while the cells are retained.
  • corona treatment is used to provide a hydrophobic microporous membrane with a hydrophilic outer surface in which the micropores retain their hydrophobic characteristic.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,087,567 teaches an anticoagulent coating composition suitable for coating the interior sur ⁇ faces of a blood microsample collection tube such as a capillary tube, typically made of glass.
  • the coating composition consists essentially of ethylene diamine tetraacetate held in a matrix of polyvinyl pyrrolidone.
  • none of these systems are suitable for the purpose of this invention of rendering hydrophilic with an organic solvent bundles of hollow fibers or other membrane made out of a hydrophobic plastic such as polypropylene, particularly in a manner which is highly compatible with blood, exhibiting very low hemolysis and essentially no toxicity in the doses applied.
  • hydrophobic membrane typically con ⁇ taining micropores of less than 10 microns
  • hydrophilic membrane can be rendered hydrophilic to facilitate the flow of aqueous liquids such as blood therethrough, with a separated material passing through the micropores.
  • This invention is particularly contemplated for use in separation devices containing bundles of hydrophobic, microporous hollow fibers, but the invention is not intended to be limited to such use, but can be used as desired in the medical or other fields for generally improving the flow characteris ⁇ tics of aqueous liquids through narrow flow channels defined by hydrophobic plastic surfaces.
  • the surface active agent consists essentially of a nonionic ester of a carbohydrate moiety and an organic monoacid of 8 to 30 carbon atoms.
  • the volatile organic solvent is a Freon-type material, i.e., a fluorochlorocarbon compound of no more than about 3 carbon atoms.
  • a fluorochlorocarbon compound of no more than about 3 carbon atoms.
  • the specific sur ⁇ face active agents of this invention exhibit improved solubility in such organic solvent materials. It is also understood that a minor amount of hydrogen may also be present in the fluorochlorocarbon compounds utilized in this invention if desired.
  • the surface active agents used in this invention also exhibit improvements over surface active agents of the polyoxyalkylene glycol type in that the surface active agents of this invention are more efficient, more easily metabolized, and are subject to lower degree of toxic - reaction.
  • a specific example of the surface active agent of this invention which is preferred is a mixture of monoesters of sorbitan with capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic and/or oleic acids.
  • the mixture may include the following typical weight percentages of mono- esters, sold.as Span 20 by ICI Americas Inc.: sorbitan caprate 1.1%; sorbitan laurate 43.5%; sorbitan myristate 27.8%; sorbitan palmitate 19.2%; and sorbitan oleate 8.4%.
  • other analogous esters can be used, pure or mixed, preferably monoesters of carbohydrates such as sorbitan, glucose, fructose, or other metabolizable carbo ⁇ hydrates of preferably 5 to 6 carbon atoms.
  • the organic monoacids used of 8 to 30, and preferably 10 to 20, carbon atoms, may be any appropriate monoacid which reacts with the carbohydrate moiety to preferably form a monoester.
  • OM i.e., one carbohydrate molecule reacted with one monoacid molecule.
  • the acids which may be used include those des ⁇ cribed above or others such as tridecanoic acid, or mixed acids such as linseed oil acids, to provide an appropriate hydrophobic portion, combined with the hydrophilic carbohydrate moiety to form the desired surface active agent.
  • the volatile organic solvent utilized preferably is selected from the group consisting of alcohols of no more than 3 carbon atoms, for example, methanol, ethanol, or isopropanol, ethers of no more than 4 carbon atoms, for example diethylether, and fluorochlorocarbon compounds of no more than about 3 carbon atoms, i.e., Freon-type materials such as l,l,2-trichloro-l,2,2-trifluoroethane.
  • the fluorochlorocarbon compounds of no more than 3 carbon atoms are preferred because of their high volatility and low flam ability.
  • the vapors of the fluorochlorocarbon compounds or other solvents may be recycled for condensa ⁇ tion and reuse.
  • the hollow fibers treated in accordance with this invention may preferably define micropores in their walls of a size of typically no more than a 5 micron and preferably 1 micron mean diameter, and preferably sized to permit blood plasma to flow therethrough, but to prevent the passage of substantial numbers of blood cells therethrough.
  • the mean pore size it is generally preferable for the mean pore size to be no greater than 0.6 micron, and typically no greater than 0.55 micron, down to 0.1 micron.
  • the pores are at least 0.05 micron in diameter.
  • the size of the pores may be about 0.3 to 0.55 micron. At lower pore sizes, particularly below 0.1 micron, plasma may be frac- tionated, separating out lower molecular weight components from higher molecular weight components of the plasma.
  • the hollow fiber may be made of polypropylene as stated above, it may also be made of any hydrophobic material as may be desired, for example polyethylene, or copolymers containing polypropylene or polyethylene units copolymerized with butadiene, divinylbenzene, styrene, or other units, as well as other hydrophobic plastic materials.
  • the bore diameters of the hollow fibers are preferably from 0.2 to 0.5 millimeter.
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a diffusion device in accordance with this inven ⁇ tion.
  • Figure 2 is a greatly enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a single, hollow fiber in accordance with this invention.
  • Figure 1 shows a diffusion device which can be used as a membrane plasmapheresis device.
  • the overall structure of the device may be in accordance with conventional design for a hollow fiber separation device (e.g., a dialyzer), except as otherwise described herein.
  • a hollow fiber separation device e.g., a dialyzer
  • Hollow tubular casing 10 is shown to contain a bundle 12 of hollow, hydrophobic fibers made preferably of poly ⁇ propylene or a hydrophobic copolymer thereof.
  • casing 10 defines manifold end caps 14 surrounding an end mass of potting material 16, through which the individual fibers 18 of bundle 12 penetrate to provide flow communication between inlet 20 and outlet 22 through the bores 24 of hollow fibers 18. This serves typically as the blood flow path through the separation device.
  • Outlet port 26 communicates with the spaces within bundle 12 but outside of the individual fibers 18, and also manifold spaces 28, 32.
  • inlet port 30 can be provided to provide oxygen to manifold space 32, where the oxygen flows between the individual, hollow fibers 18 to collect in manifold space 28 and to pass outwardly through port 26.
  • inlet port 30 is unnecessary, but may e present as a second outlet.
  • the product passing through outlet port 26 is blood plasma, which passes through the wall of hollow fiber 18 from bore 24 to the space between the individual fibers 18, for draining out of outlet port 26, and also port 30, if desired.
  • the hollow fibers 18 contain a multitude of micropores 34 which are typically less than 1 micron in size, and are preferably about 0.3 to 0.55 micron in the case of membrane plasmapheresis.
  • an impure form of sorbitan fatty acid esters for example, Span 20 sold by ICI Americas
  • Span 20 sold by ICI Americas
  • an impure form of sorbitan fatty acid esters can be mixed in a proportion of, for example about 10 to 16.3 weight percent in a reactor with the balance being l,l,2-trichloro-l,2,2-trifluoroethane (Freon 113) and stirred or shaken to dissolve the Span 20 into the Freon material. The mixture is then allowed to stand quietly until it fractionates into two separate fractions.
  • the lower fraction is a solution of Freon 113 and the purified sorbitan monoester mixture (hereafter called sorbitan monolaurate), and is collected for further use.
  • the collected solution is further diluted with Freon 113 to a sorbitan monolaurate concentration of about 1.9 to 3.2 percent by weight.
  • a bundle 12 of hollow fibers, installed in casing 10 and sealed with sealant 16 in con- ventional manner, with the end caps 14 off, is positioned to receive the diluted Freon solution of sorbitan mono ⁇ laurate through port 26, with the solution passing into bores 24 of the hollow fibers through micropores 34.
  • the hollow fibers are then allowed to drain by gravity, cen- trifuged for final draining, and dried in an oven at about 135° F.
  • a film of sorbitan monolaurate adheres to the surfaces of each fiber 18 including the inner surfaces of micropores 34.
  • end caps 14 may be applied to the device, and it may be sterilized by treatment with ethylene oxide or other desired sterili ⁇ zation technique.
  • the resulting device readily receives blood flow in a uniform, complete manner through micropores of the individual fibers 18 for membrane plasmapheresis, or blood fractionation, or for other separation techniques with other aqueous solutions than blood.
  • Such treatment with blood has been shown to be feasible without unacceptable levels of hemolysis or other ill effect.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
EP83901547A 1982-06-14 1983-04-06 Wettable hydrophobic hollow fibers Withdrawn EP0111499A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US38798882A 1982-06-14 1982-06-14
US387988 1982-06-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0111499A1 true EP0111499A1 (en) 1984-06-27

Family

ID=23532154

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83901547A Withdrawn EP0111499A1 (en) 1982-06-14 1983-04-06 Wettable hydrophobic hollow fibers

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0111499A1 (it)
IT (1) IT1163465B (it)
WO (1) WO1984000015A1 (it)
ZA (1) ZA832803B (it)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4568366A (en) * 1983-08-30 1986-02-04 Baxter Laboratories, Inc. In-line filter
DE3574936D1 (de) * 1984-09-17 1990-02-01 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Hydrophilisiertes membran aus einem poroesen, hydrophoben material und verfahren zu dessen herstellung.
US4731260A (en) * 1984-12-18 1988-03-15 American Hospital Supply Corporation Hydrophobic filter material and method
DE3600527A1 (de) * 1986-01-10 1987-07-16 Fresenius Ag Filter zur gewinnung von plasma bzw. plasmawasser, sowie verfahren zu seiner herstellung
EP0266683B1 (en) * 1986-10-29 1993-07-21 ASAHI MEDICAL Co., Ltd. A blood components collector unit
NL8800796A (nl) * 1988-03-29 1989-10-16 X Flow Bv Werkwijze voor de chemische analyse van bestanddelen van een lichaamsvloeistof, alsmede een testinrichting en testpakket voor een dergelijke analyse.
JPH0286822A (ja) * 1988-05-02 1990-03-27 Terumo Corp 親水性多孔質膜及びその製造方法並びに該多孔質膜を用いた液体濾過器
US4950224A (en) * 1988-08-05 1990-08-21 Healthdyne, Inc. Apparatus and method for in vivo plasma separation
TW246682B (it) * 1991-08-12 1995-05-01 Procter & Gamble
US5387207A (en) * 1991-08-12 1995-02-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Thin-unit-wet absorbent foam materials for aqueous body fluids and process for making same
DE4320198C1 (de) * 1993-06-18 1994-07-14 Fresenius Ag Vorrichtung zum Gasaustausch, insbesondere zum Oxygenieren von Blut
US5863501A (en) * 1996-08-30 1999-01-26 Minntech Corporation Oxygenator priming method
GB2352652A (en) * 1999-08-06 2001-02-07 Fsm Technologies Ltd Pre-treating hollow fibre membranes for micro-organism detection
DE60125406T2 (de) * 2000-10-24 2007-10-11 Kaneka Corp. Hydrophilierte membran und hydrophilierungsverfahren dafür

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL269380A (it) * 1960-09-19
US3772072A (en) * 1971-06-14 1973-11-13 Eastman Kodak Co Method for treating reverse osmosis membranes
US4087388A (en) * 1976-10-21 1978-05-02 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process of preparing a permselective membrane
US4203848A (en) * 1977-05-25 1980-05-20 Millipore Corporation Processes of making a porous membrane material from polyvinylidene fluoride, and products

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8400015A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT8321483A1 (it) 1984-12-06
IT8321483A0 (it) 1983-06-06
IT1163465B (it) 1987-04-08
ZA832803B (en) 1984-01-25
WO1984000015A1 (en) 1984-01-05

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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Effective date: 19840220

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Withdrawal date: 19850417

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: BOGGS, DANIEL R.

Inventor name: MCGLOTHLIN, MARK W.