EP0111213B1 - Appareil et procédé pour couler du métal liquide - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé pour couler du métal liquide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0111213B1
EP0111213B1 EP83111706A EP83111706A EP0111213B1 EP 0111213 B1 EP0111213 B1 EP 0111213B1 EP 83111706 A EP83111706 A EP 83111706A EP 83111706 A EP83111706 A EP 83111706A EP 0111213 B1 EP0111213 B1 EP 0111213B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ingate
rotation chamber
molten metal
chamber
casting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83111706A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0111213A2 (fr
EP0111213A3 (en
Inventor
Ernst Dr. Mueller
Hans Dieter Grabowski
Hans-Joachim Böhm
Adolf Trautwein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Georg Fischer AG
Chamotte- und Tonwerk Kurt Hagenburger
Original Assignee
Georg Fischer AG
Chamotte- und Tonwerk Kurt Hagenburger
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Georg Fischer AG, Chamotte- und Tonwerk Kurt Hagenburger filed Critical Georg Fischer AG
Priority to AT83111706T priority Critical patent/ATE27419T1/de
Publication of EP0111213A2 publication Critical patent/EP0111213A2/fr
Publication of EP0111213A3 publication Critical patent/EP0111213A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0111213B1 publication Critical patent/EP0111213B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D35/00—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds
    • B22D35/04—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds into moulds, e.g. base plates, runners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pouring device for casting a molten metal, as described in the preamble of claim 1, and a method for casting a molten metal according to the preamble of claim 15.
  • the increasing quality requirements for castings with regard to improving the degree of purity and the demand for lowering the production costs by reducing the cleaning and reworking costs for castings are the reason to use improved casting techniques.
  • the improvement of the casting technique includes the use of pouring pools with partitions and / or constrictions, which are intended to catch slag and non-metallic inclusions from the pouring stream. This also includes so-called rotating pots and swirl funnels or rotating chambers.
  • DE-C-21 59 964 describes a vortex funnel which is primarily used in high-alloy steel castings for reactor parts, pumps, turbine housings, etc.
  • This known vortex funnel is designed as an eddy current chamber, which consists of at least three superimposed elements, each of which is composed of building blocks which are interchangeable independently of the other elements.
  • This vortex funnel is placed on the bottom of a casting mold and integrated into it and can only be used once.
  • DE-A-29 50 393 describes a separator which is made from gasifiable plastic and is also stamped into the casting mold. This separator can also only be used once. It also has the disadvantage that, in the operating state, its wall consists essentially only of stamped-in molding sand, that it is very susceptible to erosion and can therefore itself become a source of non-metallic inclusions.
  • DE-A-2544492 describes a casting stone for casting in molds or investment casting molds.
  • the known casting stone has a receiving part called a template for the metal.
  • melt from the bottom area of which an outlet duct runs to an outlet pipe, which is followed by a form funnel in the direction of the casting mold.
  • the impurities in the steel melt should be separated by an extended residence time of the melt in the receiver with the possibility of physical separation due to different densities of impurities and melt.
  • the deposition effect of such a device is very limited. In the transition area between the outlet duct and the outlet pipe, there is not only turbulence formation, but also undesired air intake, which leads to oxidation of the pouring jet and thus undesired formation of non-metallic inclusions.
  • the object of the invention is to further develop a pouring device designed as a compact unit according to DE-A-25 14 492. that an increased degree of separation of non-metallic inclusions is achieved and in which air absorption (oxidation) of the molten metal is also ruled out.
  • a pouring device not only in the casting of quality steels, but also in simple alloy steels, gray and nodular cast iron and non-ferrous metal casting, which do not tolerate high costs for additional techniques to improve the quality properties.
  • a method according to the invention to be created is intended to simplify and improve the casting of molten metal while at the same time increasing the deposition of non-metallic inclusions.
  • the receiving part is designed as a conically expanding rotary chamber and the inlet part opens tangentially into the rotary chamber, causing the incoming molten metal to undergo violent rotation.
  • the design of the outlet part with a discharge gradient further ensures that no metallic material from the previous use is present when the pouring device is used again, so that its constant functionality is guaranteed.
  • Solidified casting material remaining in the so-called bottom sump after the casting process can easily be removed by the conical design of the rotary chamber.
  • a rounded transition between the floor and the peripheral wall further facilitates the removability.
  • the solidified residual content is significantly reduced compared to that of the known fluidized funnels, which gives a significant improvement in the economy of casting metal melts.
  • the metal yield per casting is significantly improved and a higher utilization of the melting capacity is achieved, which is ultimately reflected in an energy saving.
  • the pouring device according to the invention no longer has any joints that can be rinsed out or through which liquid metal can break through. This completely avoids the fact that the vortex funnel itself can become a source of non-metallic inclusions.
  • the outlet opening on the rotation chamber is designed as a horizontal slot and the molten metal emerges from the rotation chamber in the radial direction.
  • the length of the horizontal slot is greater than its width, which ensures a largely loss-free radial escape of the molten metal.
  • the outlet opening of the outlet part is arranged at the bottom of the rotation chamber, so that the molten metal leaves the rotation chamber through the bottom. It is advantageous if the outlet opening is not arranged in the middle of the bottom, but eccentrically.
  • the inlet opening on the rotation chamber is designed as a vertical slot.
  • a special rotational effect of the molten metal is achieved together with the feature of tangential inflow.
  • the inlet part into the rotation chamber is then designed as a vertical slot, the length of which is greater than its width.
  • the advantageous triangular arrangement of the rotation chamber, filler opening and outlet opening enables the compact trapezoidal design of the pouring device, as a result of which a material-saving design is achieved.
  • Sealing fire chamotte, tabular clay, sintered mullite and corundum are proposed as temperature change and erosion-resistant refractory raw materials.
  • a feed device for an inert purge gas enables the liquid metal rotating in the rotation chamber to be purged with an inert gas.
  • This has the advantage that oxygen that may have been introduced is immediately removed again during the filling of the pouring device, so that an essential source of formation for the formation of non-metallic inclusions is thereby eliminated.
  • flushing the rotary vortex with an inert flushing gas, in particular with argon increases the deposition effect of already existing, non-metallic, macroscopic and, above all, microscopic inclusions in a way that was not to be expected.
  • the feed device for the purge gas is preferably arranged at the bottom of the rotation chamber by using a gas-permeable base part, such as a gas purge stone.
  • the pouring device according to the invention has an addition chamber for inoculants. Accordingly, vaccination with inoculation metals, for example magnesium or silicon, can take place during the casting. Since the vaccination is carried out in a rotating pouring stream, the vaccination effect is improved and the vaccine metal can be used more economically and better.
  • inoculation metals for example magnesium or silicon
  • the addition chamber is advantageously arranged diametrically opposite the outlet cross section as a pocket or opening for receiving or feeding in the inoculant.
  • the inoculation metal can be placed in this pocket or chamber before the start of watering or can be fed continuously in the form of a wire or granules through the opening.
  • the supply of the seed metal in the rotating metal stream results in a better mixing of the seed metal and thus a higher effectiveness.
  • the invention also provides for the outlet cross section to be closed with a metal plate which melts after the pouring device has been filled with molten metal.
  • the avoidance of air access is optimized if the pouring device is flanged directly to the casting system of the mold via a tongue and groove connection. This eliminates the otherwise necessary pouring funnel, through which atmospheric oxygen is sucked into the liquid melt.
  • This reusable compact unit combines the advantages of the well-known rotating puddle and the pouring basin and creates optimal hydraulic flow conditions in a confined space for separating non-metallic inclusions.
  • the invention further relates to a method for casting molten metal, in which the rotating molten metal is flushed with an inert gas and / or, if appropriate, a vaccine is added.
  • An inert gas can also be fed into the casting mold before the start of casting, so that the oxygen partial pressure of the casting chamber atmosphere is decisively reduced.
  • inert gases such as argon or nitrogen, can also be flushed. So the separation effect is not me metallic inclusions significantly improved because the flushing action in the rotating vortex creates an additional possibility that micro- and macroscopic non-metallic inclusions are enlarged by coagulation and can then be separated in the rotating vortex.
  • argon or nitrogen can also be flushed.
  • the pouring device designed as a compact unit consists of an inlet part 1, a rotation chamber 2, preferably with a circular cross section, with a base 5 and an outlet part 4.
  • the inlet part 1 opens into the rotation chamber 2 with an inlet opening 7 and the outlet part 4 is via the Outlet opening 6 connected to the rotation chamber 2.
  • the upper area of the inlet part 1 is designed as a funnel 8 and has a filling opening 14.
  • the molten metal flows into the rotation chamber 2 via the funnel 8.
  • the inlet opening 7 is designed as a vertical slot. This slit-shaped design is necessary so that the liquid metal stream can enter tangentially into the rotation feature 2 in accordance with arrow 11 (see FIG. 2) in order to generate a strong rotating vortex.
  • the outlet opening 6 is designed as a horizontal slot radially to the rotation chamber, so that the rotating liquid metal leaves the rotation chamber 2 in the radial direction according to arrow 12.
  • the outlet part 4 has a drainage gradient up to the outlet opening 15, which is preferably directed downward, so that no liquid metal can remain in the outlet part 4.
  • the outlet opening 6, which is designed as a horizontal slot and is arranged radially, ensures a space-saving design and a low bottom sump height H in good flow conditions. So that no metal melt remains in the inlet nozzle, the bottom edge of the inlet opening 7 must be at the same height or higher than the bottom edge of the outlet opening 6 .
  • the ratio of width to height at the inlet opening should be in the range 1: 1.5 to 1: 4, that at the outlet opening should preferably be in a range from 1.5: 1 to 4: 1.
  • the rotation chamber 2 is designed to widen conically from bottom to top, at least to the lower edge of the outlet opening 6, the taper being at least 1%.
  • This height H of the so-called bottom sump is 0 to 50% - preferably 5 to 20% - of the total height of the rotation chamber 2.
  • the transition from the bottom 5 to the peripheral wall of the rotation chamber is rounded.
  • the lower edge of the outlet opening 6 can also be arranged with the bottom 5, so that the rotation chamber is completely emptied.
  • the rotation chamber has at the bottom 5 a gas-permeable bottom part 9, such as. B. a ceramic gas purging plug, which with a tube 10, a feed device for an inert purging gas, such as. B. forms argon.
  • the feed device can also be arranged so that the inert gas is fed radially or tangentially into the rotation chamber.
  • the rotation chamber 2, the filler opening 14 and the outlet opening 15 are arranged in a triangular arrangement with respect to one another, as viewed from above, whereby the compact unit can be made trapezoidal in terms of material, seen in the same view.
  • the metal melt entering the inlet part 1 via the funnel 8 flows through the inlet opening 7 into the rotation chamber 2.
  • the arrangement of the inlet opening 7 ensures that the metal melt enters the rotation chamber 2 in the tangential direction according to arrow 11. This causes the liquid metal to rotate vigorously.
  • the metal melt rotating in the rotation chamber 2 can be admixed with inoculant via an addition chamber 3.
  • the addition chamber 3 is preferably arranged diametrically opposite the outlet opening 6.
  • the molten metal enters the outlet part 4 through the outlet opening 6 in the radial direction according to arrow 12. Possibly the outlet opening 6 is closed with a metal plate which melts after the pouring device is filled with molten metal.
  • Figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment, which is characterized in that the molten metal does not exit radially but vertically downwards.
  • the outlet opening 13 is advantageously arranged eccentrically on the base 5.
  • the pouring device according to the invention can be used several times in succession without impairing its functionality.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)

Claims (17)

1. Dispositif de coulée constitué sous forme d'une unité compacte et pouvant être monté sur un système de coulée, constitué en un matériau réfractaire et résistant à l'érosion et destiné à la coulée d'une masse de métal fondu dans le système de coulée, comprenant une zone de réception (2) à laquelle se raccorde une zone de sortie 4 munie d'une rigole de décharge en pente en direction du système de coulée, caractérisé en ce que la zone de réception (2) est constituée sous forme d'une chambre tournante conique allant en s'élargissant vers le haut. dans laquelle une zone d'entrée (1) débouche tangentiellement et à partir de laquelle la zone de sortie (4) va directement au système de coulée en étant rendue étanche à l'air et peut être reliée à ce dernier de façon étanche.
2. Dispositif de coulée selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une ouverture de sortie (13) de la zone de sortie (4) est disposée dans le fond (5) de la chambre tournante (2).
3. Dispositif de coulée selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que la chambre tournante (2) présente entre le fond (5) et au moins la hauteur (H) du bord inférieur de l'ouverture de sortie (6) une conicité supérieure à 1 % et une zone de raccordement arrondie avec le fond (5), et en ce que la hauteur (H) du bassin de fond représente jusqu'à 50 %, et est comprise de préférence entre 5 et 20 % de la hauteur totale de la chambre tournante (2).
4. Dispositif de coulée selon l'une des revendications 1 et 3, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture de sortie (6) de la zone de sortie (4) est constituée sous forme d'une fente horizontale dans la chambre tournante (2) et en ce que la zone de sortie (4) se raccorde radialement à la chambre tournante (2).
5. Dispositif de coulée selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la zone de sortie (4) se raccorde axialement à la chambre tournante (2).
6. Dispositif de coulée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture d'entrée (7) de la zone d'entrée (1) est constituée sous forme d'une fente verticale dans la chambre tournante (2).
7. Dispositif de coulée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que, en vue de dessus, la chambre tournante (2), l'ouverture de remplissage (14) et l'ouverture de sortie (15) forment un triangle et le dispositif de coulée est de forme trapézoïdale.
8. Dispositif de coulée selon l'une quèlconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il est constitué en chamotte réfractaire dense, en alumine, en alumine tabulaire, en minerai de chrome, en corindon ou en spinelle.
9. Dispositif de coulée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la chambre tournante (2) comprend un dispositif d'amenée (9, 10) destiné à un gaz de balayage inerte, de préférence de l'argon.
10. Dispositif de coulée selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'amenée (9, 10) est disposé dans le fond (5) de la chambre tournante (2) et comprend un élément de fond (9) perméable aux gaz.
11. Dispositif de coulée selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'amenée (9, 10) comprend un bloc de balayage de gaz.
12. Dispositif de coulée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la chambre tournante (2) comprend une chambre additionnelle (3) destinée à un agent d'inoculation, qui est disposée de préférence diamétralement à l'opposé de l'ouverture de sortie (6) sous forme d'une poche ou d'une ouverture en vue de la réception ou de l'alimentation de l'agent d'inoculation.
13. Dispositif de coulée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture de sortie (6) ou (13) est fermée par une plaque métallique qui fond avec la masse de métal fondu après remplissage du dispositif de versage.
14. Dispositif de coulée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce qu'il est relié directement, et de façon étanche aux gaz, au système de coulée par une liaison à rainure et ressort.
15. Procédé de coulée d'une masse de métal fondu comprenant un dispositif de coulée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 14, caractérisé en ce que la masse de métal fondu est entraînée vigoureusement en rotation dans la chambre tournante (2) et est balayée pendant le mouvement tournant par un gaz inerte, de préférence de l'argon, et/ou reçoit un agent d'inoculation.
16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de coulée est balayé en plus par un gaz inerte avant l'introduction de la masse de métal fondu.
17. Procédé selon la revendication 15 ou 16, caractérisé en ce que le gaz inerte est introduit radialement ou tangentiellement dans la chambre tournante (2).
EP83111706A 1982-12-03 1983-11-23 Appareil et procédé pour couler du métal liquide Expired EP0111213B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83111706T ATE27419T1 (de) 1982-12-03 1983-11-23 Eingussvorrichtung zum vergiessen von metallschmelzen sowie ein verfahren zum vergiessen von metallschmelze.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3244824 1982-12-03
DE3244824A DE3244824C2 (de) 1982-12-03 1982-12-03 Eingießvorrichtung zum Vergießen einer Metallschmelze sowie Verfahren zum Vergießen derselben

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0111213A2 EP0111213A2 (fr) 1984-06-20
EP0111213A3 EP0111213A3 (en) 1984-08-01
EP0111213B1 true EP0111213B1 (fr) 1987-05-27

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83111706A Expired EP0111213B1 (fr) 1982-12-03 1983-11-23 Appareil et procédé pour couler du métal liquide

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4741463A (fr)
EP (1) EP0111213B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE27419T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3244824C2 (fr)

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US7838144B2 (en) 2002-10-15 2010-11-23 Polyplus Battery Company Protective composite battery separator and electrochemical device component with red phosphorus
US7858223B2 (en) 2002-10-15 2010-12-28 Polyplus Battery Company Electrochemical device component with protected alkali metal electrode
US8182943B2 (en) 2005-12-19 2012-05-22 Polyplus Battery Company Composite solid electrolyte for protection of active metal anodes
US8202649B2 (en) 2003-10-14 2012-06-19 Polyplus Battery Company Active metal/aqueous electrochemical cells and systems
US8652692B2 (en) 2005-11-23 2014-02-18 Polyplus Battery Company Li/Air non-aqueous batteries
US8828574B2 (en) 2011-11-15 2014-09-09 Polyplus Battery Company Electrolyte compositions for aqueous electrolyte lithium sulfur batteries
US8828575B2 (en) 2011-11-15 2014-09-09 PolyPlus Batter Company Aqueous electrolyte lithium sulfur batteries
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US6413285B1 (en) 1999-11-01 2002-07-02 Polyplus Battery Company Layered arrangements of lithium electrodes
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US8828574B2 (en) 2011-11-15 2014-09-09 Polyplus Battery Company Electrolyte compositions for aqueous electrolyte lithium sulfur batteries
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US8828573B2 (en) 2011-11-15 2014-09-09 Polyplus Battery Company Electrode structures for aqueous electrolyte lithium sulfur batteries

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0111213A2 (fr) 1984-06-20
ATE27419T1 (de) 1987-06-15
DE3244824A1 (de) 1984-06-14
US4741463A (en) 1988-05-03
DE3371752D1 (en) 1987-07-02
DE3244824C2 (de) 1985-10-24
EP0111213A3 (en) 1984-08-01

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