EP0107643B1 - Mine terrestre, notamment antichar - Google Patents

Mine terrestre, notamment antichar Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0107643B1
EP0107643B1 EP19830890177 EP83890177A EP0107643B1 EP 0107643 B1 EP0107643 B1 EP 0107643B1 EP 19830890177 EP19830890177 EP 19830890177 EP 83890177 A EP83890177 A EP 83890177A EP 0107643 B1 EP0107643 B1 EP 0107643B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mine
detonators
detonator
safety
blasting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19830890177
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0107643A1 (fr
Inventor
Oskar Vonderhaid
Harald Vonderhaid
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0107643A1 publication Critical patent/EP0107643A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
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Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C14/00—Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type
    • F42C14/08—Mechanical fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type for land mines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C7/00—Fuzes actuated by application of a predetermined mechanical force, e.g. tension, torsion, pressure
    • F42C7/02—Contact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated by mechanical contact between a stationary ammunition, e.g. a land mine, and a moving target, e.g. a person
    • F42C7/04—Contact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated by mechanical contact between a stationary ammunition, e.g. a land mine, and a moving target, e.g. a person actuated by applying pressure on the ammunition head
    • F42C7/06—Contact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated by mechanical contact between a stationary ammunition, e.g. a land mine, and a moving target, e.g. a person actuated by applying pressure on the ammunition head and comprising pneumatic or hydraulic retarding means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/14—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a land mine, in particular for anti-tank defense, which is provided with at least one explosive charge and at least two detonators which operate according to different ignition systems.
  • a land mine of this type is known from US-A-2 830 538.
  • two detonators are provided, one of which is a conventional pressure detonator which is triggered as soon as a vehicle or other load acts on a cap of the mine housing.
  • the second detonator is an articulated detonator, which is triggered when the folding rod is pivoted.
  • This articulated detonator does not act directly on the explosive charge but first ignites an ignition charge, which in turn causes a propellant charge to explode via an ignition channel. This propellant charge throws the actual explosive charge out of the mine housing and at the same time causes the ignition, which takes place somewhat later.
  • Both igniters are continuously activated.
  • the pressure igniter is always ready for operation and the firing pin of the articulated igniter is constantly under tension.
  • the split fuse can be secured in its activated position with a split pin inserted in the ignition channel in front of the firing pin.
  • FR-A-1 053 566 and FR-E-82 801 describe other known landmines, in which the main fuse consists of a pressure fuse that is continuously activated.
  • so-called side ignition channels are provided in the mine housing, which are additional devices that can optionally be provided. If necessary, ignition capsules can be inserted into the side ignition channels and anchored to the ground via a release device if the mine is to be prevented from being picked up by the ground without authorization.
  • This known embodiment is a so-called safety device or trap.
  • a minefield consisting of these known landmines can be cleared relatively easily. Since all mine types have a permanently activated pressure detonator, it is not difficult for an opponent to trigger the detonator by taking suitable measures, e.g. B. with the help of a clearing roller or by bombardment with pressure grenades.
  • the invention has for its object to design the land mine so that the clearing of a minefield is practically impossible with reasonable effort, even if the opponent knows the type of mine used.
  • this object is achieved in that the number of detonators is independent of the number of explosive charges, that each detonator is provided with its own activation device and that the activation devices of the detonators can be actuated independently of one another, the detonators being selectively activatable.
  • a pneumatic detonator is provided, the activation device of which consists of a safety cylinder with a through-hole arranged transversely to the latter in the ignition channel and which can be rotated about an axis running transversely to the hole.
  • This locking cylinder only enables the firing pin to reach the detonator if the bore of the locking cylinder runs in the direction of movement of the firing pin. Ignition is reliably prevented by simply turning the locking cylinder. It is a simple embodiment of the activation device provided according to the invention, with the aid of which the detonators themselves can optionally be activated or secured when the mines are laid.
  • a further embodiment of the land mine according to the invention is that a mechanical detonator is provided, the activation device of which consists of a locking shaft with two fingers, of which one finger tightens the firing pin when the locking shaft is rotated and the other finger closes the ignition channel during the tensioning process and only after further rotation of the locking shaft releases.
  • the land mine shown has a rectangular housing 1, which is composed of a base plate 2 and a cover 3, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 emerges.
  • Two explosive charges are accommodated in the housing 1, e.g. a so-called hollow charge 4 in a chamber located in the center of the housing i, which is closed at the top by a funnel-shaped boundary wall 5.
  • This shaped charge 4 has an armor-piercing effect and achieves its greatest penetration force if there is a distance of approximately 50 to 70 cm between the mine and the armor plate to be penetrated.
  • An annular chamber is provided concentrically around the shaped charge 4, in which there is a so-called blow charge 6, which acts primarily on the chain of an armored vehicle.
  • the primer charge 7 which is assigned detonators 8 and which causes the explosive charges 4 and 6 to be reliably ignited.
  • the two charges 4 and 6 are connected to one another by openings 9 in the partition between the chambers containing them.
  • detonators 8 are provided for the primer 7. These detonators 8 are independent of one another and each assigned to a different ignition system. There are therefore four detonators that are independent of each other, e.g. a pressure igniter 10, a kink igniter 11, a relief igniter 12 and a side ignition channel 13, in the z. B. can be used electrically, electronically, detonated by vibration or by changing the magnetic field or the induction field detonator. Each detonator is equipped with a safety device that can be used to either secure or unlock it.
  • the igniter 10 is designed as a pneumatic igniter and, according to FIG. 2, has a firing pin 14 which is held in its rest position by a spring-loaded ball 15 which engages in a locking groove of the firing pin 14.
  • the firing pin 14 is actuated pneumatically and is displaceable in a cylinder 16 which is connected via lines 17 to four triggers 18 which are arranged in the corners of the housing 1 according to FIG. 1. From Fig. 2 it can be seen that each trigger 18 has a pressure stamp 19 which, when loaded, presses a gas cartridge 20 against a mandrel 21 which opens the gas seal of the cartridge 20. In order to prevent false triggering with small pressure loads, each pressure stamp 19 is secured by shear pins 22.
  • the safety cylinder 24 prevents the firing pin 14 from striking the primer 23. Only after the locking cylinder 24 has been rotated by 90 ° can the firing pin 14 reach the primer 23 through the bore 25 in the locking cylinder 24.
  • the shaft 26 is provided with a predetermined breaking point 28, after which the ignition system can no longer be secured by means of the hand lever 27. Securing is then only possible by using a special key.
  • the kink igniter 11 can be seen in FIG. 3.
  • a rod 29 is provided which projects upwards over the cover 3 of the housing 1 and is inserted into a hemispherical joint piece 30.
  • a trigger pin 33 is connected to the pressure piece 31. This interacts with holding brackets 34 which are pressed against one another by springs (not shown) and between which a conical holding head 36 connected to the firing pin 35 can be anchored.
  • the firing pin 35 is tensioned with the aid of a securing shaft 37, upon rotation of which a tensioning finger 38 prestresses the firing pin 35 against the force of its spring 39 and the conical holding head 36 engages between the two holding brackets 34.
  • An additional securing finger 40 on the securing shaft 37 prevents the firing pin 35 from reaching the primer 23 of the associated detonator capsule 8 if it is unintentionally released during tensioning. Only after the firing pin 35 has been securely anchored in the tensioned position is the securing finger 40 pivoted out of the range of motion of the firing pin, whereupon the articulated fuse 11 is unlocked.
  • the relief igniter 12 which can also be seen in FIG. 3, has a trigger plate 41 as a trigger element, which is slidably mounted in the plane of the base plate 2 of the housing 1 transversely to the plate plane.
  • a spring loads the release plate 41 to the outside.
  • a trigger pin also not shown, is fastened to the trigger plate 41, into which a locking split pin 42 engages, which is anchored on the side of the cover 3 of the housing 1 and can be removed for releasing the relief igniter 12.
  • the trigger plate 41 against the force of it after external spring only held by the weight of the mine in the plane of the base plate 2.
  • the trigger pin anchors the firing pin, which is triggered and detonates the associated detonator 8 via a primer, as soon as the mine is lifted and the trigger plate 41 is pressed out of the base plate 2 by its spring.
  • the side ignition channel 13 forming the fourth ignition system can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • An expediently electrically ignitable device which ignites the detonator capsule 8 can be inserted into this side ignition channel 13 through an optionally closable opening 43 in the side wall of the cover 3 of the housing 1. It is also possible to lead out ignition wires through the opening 43, which enable the mine to be ignited from a distance.
  • a radio ignition or an ignition by changes in the magnetic field or the induction field and by vibrations in the ground can also be used within the scope of the invention.
  • the minefield When laying the described land mine in a mine field, only a part of the ignition systems is activated for each mine.
  • the minefield then consists of mines that look the same and have the same structure, but which respond to various external influences or can be detonated from a distance. It is therefore practically not possible for an opponent to defuse the minefield with reasonable effort, even if he knows the design of the mines used.
  • the land mine according to the invention is provided with two or more explosive charges that act differently, e.g. B. with a hollow charge and a blow charge, minefields can be built from it, which are practically impossible to overcome even by well-equipped opponents.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)

Claims (3)

1. Mine terrestre, en particulier mine antichar, munie d'au moins une charge explosive (4, 6) et d'au moins deux allumeurs (10,11,12,13) qui fonctionnent selon des systèmes d'allumage différents, caractérisée en ce que le nombre des allumeurs (10, 11, 12, 13) est indépendant du nombre des charges explosives (4, 6), que chaque allumeur (10, 11, 12, 13) est pourvu d'un dispositif d'activation (24, 37, 42) qui lui est propre et que les dispositifs d'activation (24, 37, 42) des allumeurs (10, 11, 12, 13) peuvent être actionnés indépendamment les uns des autres, les allumeurs (10, 11, 12, 13) pouvant être activés sélectivement.
2. Mine terrestre selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par la prévision d'un allumeur pneumatique (10) dont le dispositif d'activation est formé d'un cylindre de sûreté (24) disposé dans le canal d'allumage, transversalement à ce canal, et qui présente un trou traversant (25), . cylindre qui peut être tourné sur un axe transversal à ce trou (25).
3. Mine terrestre selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par la prévision d'un allumeur mécanique (11) dont le dispositif d'activation est formé d'un axe de sûreté (37) avec deux doigts (38, 40) dont l'un (38), lors de la rotation de l'axe de sûrete (37), arme le percuteur (35) et dont l'autre doigt (40) ferme le canal d'allumage pendant l'armement et libère ce canal seulement après une rotation supplémentaire de l'axe de sûreté (37).
EP19830890177 1982-10-11 1983-10-10 Mine terrestre, notamment antichar Expired EP0107643B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT374682A AT384673B (de) 1982-10-11 1982-10-11 Landmine, insbesondere zur panzerabwehr
AT3746/82 1982-10-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0107643A1 EP0107643A1 (fr) 1984-05-02
EP0107643B1 true EP0107643B1 (fr) 1987-07-22

Family

ID=3554840

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19830890177 Expired EP0107643B1 (fr) 1982-10-11 1983-10-10 Mine terrestre, notamment antichar
EP83890178A Expired EP0108742B1 (fr) 1982-10-11 1983-10-10 Mine terrestre, notamment mine antichar

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83890178A Expired EP0108742B1 (fr) 1982-10-11 1983-10-10 Mine terrestre, notamment mine antichar

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (2) EP0107643B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT384673B (fr)
DE (2) DE3372662D1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US830538A (en) * 1904-08-19 1906-09-11 Albert H Stebbins Pneumatic vanner.
FR1355501A (fr) * 1950-08-11 1964-03-20 Alsacienne D Explosifs Et D Ap Engins explosifs
US2843042A (en) * 1951-08-04 1958-07-15 Montedison Spa Non-metallic mine fuse
FR1053566A (fr) * 1952-04-08 1954-02-03 Commerce Internat Soc Et Perfectionnements apportés aux mines explosives, notamment aux mines antichars
US3410212A (en) * 1953-05-07 1968-11-12 Army Usa Anti-tank mine with binary explosive charge
US2830538A (en) * 1953-07-31 1958-04-15 Albert O Dodge Automatic firing device
DE1183410B (de) * 1962-05-26 1964-12-10 Karlsruhe Augsburg Iweka Metallfreier Zuender fuer Minen
FR1605223A (fr) * 1965-06-03 1973-08-31
SE373660B (sv) * 1973-05-22 1975-02-10 Bofors Ab Landmina
SE417643B (sv) * 1976-09-30 1981-03-30 Saab Scania Ab For stjelpning kenslig mindetonator
FR2393261A1 (fr) * 1977-06-01 1978-12-29 Ruggieri Ets Mine indetectable pour chenille
FR2507307A1 (fr) * 1981-06-03 1982-12-10 Trt Telecom Radio Electr Procede de mise a feu d'engin explosif et engin explosif ainsi obtenu
AT371932B (de) * 1981-11-12 1983-08-10 Assmann Geb Panzermine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA374682A (de) 1987-05-15
EP0108742B1 (fr) 1987-02-04
AT384673B (de) 1987-12-28
EP0107643A1 (fr) 1984-05-02
EP0108742A1 (fr) 1984-05-16
DE3372662D1 (en) 1987-08-27
DE3369727D1 (en) 1987-03-12

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