EP0104860B1 - 1-phenyl-2(1h,3h)-indolone psycho-therapeutic agents - Google Patents

1-phenyl-2(1h,3h)-indolone psycho-therapeutic agents Download PDF

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EP0104860B1
EP0104860B1 EP83305484A EP83305484A EP0104860B1 EP 0104860 B1 EP0104860 B1 EP 0104860B1 EP 83305484 A EP83305484 A EP 83305484A EP 83305484 A EP83305484 A EP 83305484A EP 0104860 B1 EP0104860 B1 EP 0104860B1
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Prior art keywords
indolone
hydrogen
chloro
methyl
compound
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0104860A1 (en
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Harry R. Howard
Reinhard Sarges
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Pfizer Corp SRL
Pfizer Inc
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Pfizer Corp SRL
Pfizer Inc
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D209/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
    • C07D209/04—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
    • C07D209/08—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/08—Antiepileptics; Anticonvulsants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/18—Antipsychotics, i.e. neuroleptics; Drugs for mania or schizophrenia
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/20—Hypnotics; Sedatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C43/00—Ethers; Compounds having groups, groups or groups
    • C07C43/02—Ethers
    • C07C43/20—Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C43/225—Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring containing halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D209/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
    • C07D209/04—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
    • C07D209/30—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
    • C07D209/32—Oxygen atoms
    • C07D209/34—Oxygen atoms in position 2
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D209/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
    • C07D209/04—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
    • C07D209/30—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
    • C07D209/32—Oxygen atoms
    • C07D209/38—Oxygen atoms in positions 2 and 3, e.g. isatin

Definitions

  • Certain novel, 1-phenyl-3-[aminoalkylidene or di-(loweralkyl)aminoalkylidene]-2(1H,3H)-indolones, specifically substituted on phenyl with at least one alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, chloro, fluoro or trifluoromethyl group, are potent gabaergic agents, valuable in the treatment of schizophrenia per se, as well as in reversing or avoiding side effect of oral-facial dyskinesia (tardive dyskinesia), commonly seen in schizophrenic individuals under present or past treatment with a neuroleptic agent.
  • the present invention encompasses these novel gabaergic agents, together with pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and use thereof in treating schizophrenia or reversing the side effects of a previously or concurrently administered neuroleptic agent. Most of these compounds also have valuable anxiolytic activity, as detailed below.
  • the present invention encompasses variously substituted 1-phenyl-3-[aminoalkylidene - , lower alkylaminoalkylidene- and di(loweralkyl)aminoalkylidene]-2(lH,3H)-indolones (some of which are known compounds), novel 1-phenyl-3-(piperidino-, pyrrolidino-, morpholino, or imidazolo- alkylidene)-2(1H,3H)-indolones and novel 1-phenyl-3-(2-pyrrolidinylidene, 2-piperidinylidene, or 2- perhydroazepinylidene, optionally substituted on nitrogen with lower alkyl, phenyl or benzyl)-2(1 H,3H)-indolones.
  • DE-A-1963182 discloses certain 3-aminoalkyl-1-phenylindolenes and 2-indolinones which are useful as antidepressant and/or antihypertensive agents.
  • DE-A-2048101 discloses certain 3-substituted-1-benzyl-2-indolinones as analgesic agents while AT-A-326117 discloses various 1-acyl-3-aminoalkyl- indole derivatives as anti-inflammatory agents.
  • one group of preferred compounds of the formula (I) have Z and Z 1 as hydrogen, with X as chloro and Y as hydrogen.
  • the most preferred compounds in this subclass have A as hydrogen, with R as hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, or both A and R as methyl.
  • a second group of preferred compounds of the formula (I) not only have Z and Z 1 as hydrogen, but also A and Y as hydrogen.
  • the most preferred compounds in this subclass have X as (C 1 -C 2 )alkyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy or fluoro.
  • a third subclass of preferred compounds also have Z and Z 1 as hydrogen, with R as methyl and Y as methoxy.
  • Preferred compounds in this subclass have X as chloro with A as hydrogen or methyl, or X as fluoro with A as hydrogen.
  • one has A and Z 1 as hydrogen, R and Z as methyl, X as chloro and Y as methoxy; and the other has A, X, Y and Z as hydrogen, and R and Z 1 as methyl.
  • the present invention also encompasses pharmaceutical compositions suitable for the treatment of a person suffering from schizophrenia which comprise a pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier and a compound of the formula (I) (without the third proviso) in an amount which will alleviate said schizophrenia or reverse the side effects of a neuroleptic agent simultaneously or previously administered in the treatment of said schizophrenia.
  • the present invention also encompasses compounds of the formula wherein, in a first alternative,
  • preferred compounds of the formula (II) wherein A 1 , B and C are in the first alternative have A 1 , W, W 1 and Y' as hydrogen.
  • a first more preferred group has, X 1 as chloro. Most preferred compounds in this subclass are those wherein B and C taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached, form either a pyrrolidine or a morpholine ring.
  • a second more preferred group have X 1 as hydrogen, most preferably those wherein B and C taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached, form an imidazole ring.
  • one preferred class of compounds has A 1 and B taken together as 1,3-propylene, more preferably with C as methyl and W 1 as hydrogen.
  • Most preferred compounds in this subclass have W and Y 1 as hydrogen and X 1 as 3-methoxy; W as hydrogen, X 1 as hydrogen or 3-chloro and Y' as 4-methoxy; or W as 6-chloro and X 1 and Y' as hydrogen.
  • a second preferred class have W, W 1 and Y 1 as hydrogen with X 1 as 3-chloro.
  • Most preferred compounds in this subclass have A 1 and B as 1,3-propylene and C as benzyl or methyl; or A 1 and B as 1,4-butylene and C as methyl.
  • the present invention encompasses a compound of the following formula (III) for use as a therapeutic agent, particularly for treating anxiety in a hyperanxious person, and a pharmaceutical composition suitable for treating anxiety in a hyperanxious person which comprises a pharmaceutical carrier and a compound of the formula: wherein in a first alternative
  • a first group of compounds preferred for anxiolytic use have A 2 , W, W 1 , and Y 1 as hydrogen, and B 1 and C 1 as methyl. Most preferred compounds with this subclass have X 1 as 3-chloro, 3-methoxy, 3-fluoro, 3-methyl or 3-cyano.
  • a second preferred group within this first alternative has A 2 , W and W 2 as hydrogen, Y 1 as 4-methoxy and B 1 * and C 1 as methyl; most preferably, X 1 as chloro or fluoro.
  • reaction-inert solvent or diluent i.e., a solvent which does not interact with starting materials, reagents or product to significantly depress yield of the desired product.
  • Chloroform is the preferred solvent. Temperature is not critical, although it is usually elevated (50-100°C) to assure that reaction will occur at a reasonable rate. The reflux temperature of chloroform is particularly convenient, when the latter is used as solvent. At least one equivalent of the amide acetal is used, in order to maximize yield based on the indolone. Use of a slight excess of the acetal is helpful in assuring complete conversion of the indolone within a reasonable time.
  • Product is generally isolated by evaporation, and is optionally purified by chromatography and/or crystallization.
  • the starting indolones required for syntheses according to Method A are generally available by cyclization of an appropriately substituted N-phenyl-alpha-haloacetanilide (Method J, below), in turn made by alpha-haloacetylation of the appropriately substituted diphenylamine (Method K, below); by basic hydrazine hydrate reduction of the corresponding isatin, in turn made from the appropriately substituted diphenylamine and oxalyl chloride (see Preparation M1 and M2 below); or halogenation/hydrolysis of appropriately substituted 1-arylindoles (Method L, below), in turn made by arylation of indole (Method C, below).
  • diphenylamines are likewise available commercially; by literature methods, e.g., di-(4-methoxyphenyl)amine by an improved Ullman procedure (J. Org. Chem. 26:2721, 1961); or by the arylation/hydrolysis of acetanilides (see Method C, Preparation C45, below).
  • a 2 , B' and C' are as previously defined and aromatic rings are appropriately substituted according to the formulae (I), (II) and (III).
  • Method B is essentially that used in BE-A-849,626 at pages 11-12 for the preparation of 1-phenyl-3-(dimethylaminomethylene)-2-(lH,3H)-indolone from the 1-phenylindolone and dimethylformamide.
  • the amide usually in the presence of a reaction-inert diluent (as defined above), such as toluene, is reacted with the phosphorous oxychloride at 0-30°C for a short period of time (10-30 minutes).
  • a reaction-inert diluent as toluene
  • the appropriately substituted 1-phenyl-2(1 H,3H)-indolone (usually about 0.67 to 1 mole/mole of POCI 3 ) is added and the reaction warmed at 50-100°C until reaction is substantially complete. At 65-70°C, a reaction time of 16-18 hours is generally suitable.
  • an iminoether is used as the activated form of an amide derived from NH 3 or a primary amine.
  • the iminoether is reacted directly with the 1-phenyl-2(1H,3H)-indolone in a reaction-inert solvent, generally at elevated temperature (75-125°C); cf Example Ml-M3 below.
  • the iminoethers are prepared by standard methods, e.g., the well known reaction of triethyloxonium fluoroborate with the amide.
  • the amides required for the present syntheses are available commercially or by reaction of a secondary amine with acetate or formate ester, acetic or formic acid or an activated form thereof such as acetyl chloride, acetic anhydride or acetoformic acid reagent; or by cyclization of suitable omega-amino acids or their derivatives.
  • the required 1-phenyl-2(1H,3H)-indolones are synthesized as described above.
  • a 2 , B' and C' are as hereinbefore defined (except that generally both B' and C' are other than hydrogen), X is iodo or bromo, and aromatic rings are appropriately substituted according to the formulae (I), (II) and (III).
  • the first stage of the procedure of Method C is generally conversion of the starting indolone to its alkali metal salt, preferably done with a molar equivalent of a reagent such as NaH, which forms the required salt irreversibly.
  • Salt formation is preferably carried out in a solvent, one which is reaction-inert, as defined above; dry dimethylformamide is well-suited for this purpose.
  • Temperature is not critical but ambient temperatures (e.g., 15-30°C) are usually well-suited, avoiding the expense of heating or cooling. Salt formation is rapid and, with NaH as reagent, is judged complete when evolution of hydrogen ceases.
  • the aromatic bromide or iodide (usually at least one molar equivalent, but optionally with up to 2 molar equivalents in excess to assure complete conversion of the starting indolone) and cuprous bromide (Cu 2 Br 2 , usually substantially one mole/mole of indolone) are added, and the reaction mixture heated to elevated temperatures (100 ⁇ 200°C) until the reaction is substantially complete. A reaction time of 40 hours at 135-140°C is typical.
  • the product is readily isolated by quenching the reaction with ice and water, . extracting the product into a water immisible solvent, and evaporation. If desired, the product is further purified by chromatography and/or recrystallization.
  • the starting indolones are available from simple 2(lH,3H)-indolones, suitably substituted on the aromatic ring, by reaction with amides or amide acetals according to Methods A and B.
  • the availability of the starting halides is described above.
  • Compounds of the formula (III) containing an aromatic hydroxy group are preferably prepared by cleavage of the corresponding (C 1 -C 2 )alkoxy derivatives, most preferably from the corresponding methoxy derivative.
  • a reagent particularly selective for this purpose is boron tribromide, used in excess (e.g., 3 moles/mole of substrate), in a reaction-inert solvent, e.g., methylene chloride.
  • the reagents are usually combined at low temperature (-50 to -100°C, conveniently -78°C, the temperature of a dry ice- acetone bath and then allowed to warm to ambient temperature (e.g., over 2 hours at 25°C), then quenched into water with brief stirring (e.g., 15 minutes at 25°C). Acidification, extraction into a water immiscible solvent and evaporation provides a convenient isolation of the product. If desired the product is further purified by chromatography and/or recrystallization.
  • Compounds of the formula (III) containing a (C 1 -C 2 )alkoxy group are alternatively prepared by reaction of an alkylating agent (e.g., ethyl iodide, dimethyl sulfate) with a preformed compound of the formula (III) containing a phenolic group.
  • an alkylating agent e.g., ethyl iodide, dimethyl sulfate
  • the phenol is generally alkylated with an excess of alkylating agent (assuring complete reaction in a reasonable time period) in a reaction-inert solvent, in the presence of an excess of an insoluble base such as K 2 C0 3 which takes up the acid produced in the alkylation, at 50-100°C.
  • the preferred route to compounds of the formulae (I), (II) or (III) containing a imidazolealkylidene group is to react the corresponding hydroxyalkylidene derivative with carbonyldiimidazole (1-1.1 molar equivalents) in a reaction inert solvent such as benzene or toluene, conveniently at ambient temperature (15-30°C).
  • a reaction inert solvent such as benzene or toluene
  • Such products generally crystallize directly from the exemplified solvents (benzene or toluene), but are otherwise recovered by evaporation with optional purification by chromatography and/or recrystallization.
  • hydroxymethylene and 1-hydroxyethylidene starting materials are readily available by standard base catalyzed condensation of formate or acetate ester with the appropriately substituted 1-phenyl-2(1 H,3H)-indolone.
  • the required 3-(1-alkoxyalkylidene) precursors are obtained by condensation of orthoformate or orthoacetate with the appropriate 1-phenyl-2(1H,3H)-indolone (see Preparation M5, below), in turn available by methods described above.
  • Gabaergic activity refers to the gamma-aminobutyric acid like activity of these compounds in inhibiting convulsions induced by 3-mercaptopropionic acid in an animal model (see for example Roberts and Taberner, Brit. J. Pharmacol. 61:476P, 1977; Adcock and Taberner, Biochem. Pharmacol. 27:246; 1978).
  • Subjects in the present test were Charles-River male mice, Swiss CD strain, 17-21 g, fasted for 18 hours prior to testing.
  • Compounds were administered subcutaneously or orally in a vehicle consisting of 5% ethanol, 5% Emulphor @ 620 and 90% saline, which vehicle alone served as a control treatment. Compounds were tested on a .5 x log io dosage continuum, if active, to achieve data for determination of an ED 50 value. Solution concentrations were varied at different doses to provide a constant injection volume of 10 ml/kg. The grouped mice were treated with test compounds, and, 1 hour later with 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA), 32 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, after which they were observed continuously for 10 minutes. In untreated mice this MPA challange causes clonic convulsions within 4 minutes of treatment.
  • MPA 3-mercaptopropionic acid
  • Each brain was weighed quickly and homogenized in 40 volumes (w/v) ice-cold 50 mM Tris HCI pH 7.7 buffer using a Brinkmann Polytron. Triplicate 1.0-ml samples were filtered through Whatman GF/B glass fiber filters under vacuum and washed with two 5 ml aliquots of the ice-cold buffer. The bound 3 H-FNP was measured by adding the filters to vials containing 10 ml Aquasol-2 and counting the radioactivity. Bound 3 H-FNP for drug-treated mice was calculated as percentage of bound 3 H-FNP for vehicle-treated mice.
  • compounds of the formula (II) or (III) exhibit enhancement in 3 H-FNP binding, for example, ranging from 126% for 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-(moropholinomethylene)-2(lH,3H)-indolone and 1-(3-cyanophenyl)-3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinylidene)-2(1H,3H)-indolone to greater than 250% for the most highly active compounds such as 1 - (3 - chloro - 4 - methoxyphenyl) - 3 - (dimethylaminomethylene) - 2(1H,3H) - indolone and 1 - (3 - fluoro - 4 - methoxy) - 3 - (1 - methyl - 2 - pyrrolidinylidene) - 2(1H,3H) - indolone.
  • the compounds of the present invention are administered by a variety of conventional routes of administration including orally and parenterally.
  • the compounds are administered orally, generally in single or multiple daily doses of about 0.02 to 12 mg/kg body weight of the subject to be treated, preferably about 0.05 to 5 mg/kg.
  • parenteral administration is desired, then these compounds are given in single or multiple daily doses of 0.01 to 6 mg/kg body weight of the subject to be treated.
  • the compound is administered alone or in combination with pharmaceutically-acceptable carriers or diluents, in either single or multiple doses.
  • suitable pharmaceutical carriers include inert diluents or fillers, sterile aqueous solutions and various organic solvents.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions formed by combining the novel compounds of formula I or salts thereof and pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are readily administered in a variety of dosage forms such as tablets, powders, capsules, lozenges, syrups and the like. These pharmaceutical compositions can, if desired, contain additional ingredients such as flavorings, binders, excipients and the like.
  • tablets containing various excipients such as sodium citrate
  • various disintegrants such as starch, alginic acid and certain complex silicates
  • binding agents such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, sucrose, gelatin and acacia.
  • lubricating agents such as magnesium stearate, sodium lauryl sulfate and talc are often useful for tabletting purposes.
  • Solid compositions of a similar type may also be employed as fillers in soft and hard filled gelatin capsules. Preferred materials therefor include lactose or milk sugar and high molecular weight polyethylene glycols.
  • the essential active ingredient therein may be combined with various sweetening or flavoring agents, coloring matters or dyes and, if desired, emulsifying agents or suspending agents, together with diluents such as water, ethanol, propylene glycol, glycerin, or combinations thereof.
  • the products of this invention are administered orally in unit dosage form i.e., as a single physically discrete dosage unit containing an appropriate amount of the active compound in combination with a pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier or diluent.
  • unit dosage forms are tablets or capsules containing from about 1 to 500 mg of the active ingredient, a compound of formulae (I), (II) or (III) comprising from about 10% to 90% of the total weight of the dosage unit.
  • solutions or suspensions of the compounds of formulae (I), (II) or (III) in sterile aqueous solutions for example aqueous propylene glycol, sodium chloride, dextrose or sodium bicarbonate solutions are employed.
  • sterile aqueous solutions for example aqueous propylene glycol, sodium chloride, dextrose or sodium bicarbonate solutions are employed.
  • dosage forms are suitably buffered, if desired.
  • suitable sterile liquid media for parenteral administration will be well known to those skilled in the art.
  • At least one of the compounds of the present invention viz., 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinylidene)-2(1 H,3H)-indolone, also possesses valuable antidepressant activity, as shown by testing in the antidepressant animal model of Porsolt etal, European J. Pharmacol. 47, pp 379-391 (1978). It is further noted that the compounds of the present invention possessing the above gabaergic activity are also valuable in the treatment of epilepsy, i.e., in preventing the epileptic seizures associated with that disease.
  • compounds of the present invention having said antidepressant, or gabaergic activity, respectively, are formulated and administered clinically in the same manner and range of dosage as that disclosed above for the treatment of schizophrenia or hyperanxiety. Based on their excellent gabaergic activity, as well as ease of preparation, preferred compounds for the treatment of epilepsy correspond to those preferred in the treatment of schizophrenia.
  • Example A1 By the procedure of Example A1, a mixture of 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2(1H,3H)-indolone and 1-phenyl-6-chloro-2(1H,3H)-indolone (5.0 g, 0.21 moles) was converted to a crude mixture of title products as an oil. Chromatography on silica gel, using ethyl acetate, separated and purified the title isomers. The less polar, faster moving product, was the 3-chlorophenyl isomer, crystallized from ether, 904 mg, m.p. 113-116°.
  • the more polar, slower eluting product was the 6-chloro isomer, an oil which crystallized on standing and which was triturated with pentane, 0.305 g, m.p. 118-121°.
  • Example A1 By the procedure of Example A1, but substituting an equivalent of dimethylformamide dimethylacetal for the dimethylacetamide dimethylacetal, using first methylene chloride and then 7.5% ethyl acetate in methylene chloride in chromatography and recrystallization from ether-pentane, 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2(1H,3H)-indolone (10 g, 0.041 mole) was converted to title product, 3.73 g, m.p. 116-118°.
  • Example A1 By the procedure of Example A1, but using 13:7 hexane:ethyl acetate and then 3:7 hexane:ethyl acetate as eluant and ether/pentane for crystallization, 1-(3-fluorophenyl)-2(1H,3H)-indolone (0.80 g, 3.5 mmoles) was converted to title product, 0.53 g, m.p. 87-88.5°.
  • Examples A1-A5 was further employed to prepare the following additional compounds. Listed in sequence are: example number; name of product; name of starting materials; chromatography eluant; crystallization solvent(s); yield; m.p.; C, H and N microanalysis (calculated) found.
  • N-benzyl-2-pyrrolidone (1.58 ml, 9.85 mmoles) was combined with 2 ml toluene under N 2 and cooled to 0-5°.
  • POCI 3 0.5 ml, 5.9 mmoles was added and the mixture stirred 30 minutes.
  • Toluene (3 ml) and 1-(3-chlorophenyl-2(1 H,3H)-indolone (1.2 g, 4.92 mmoles) were added and the stirred reaction mixture warmed to 25° for 30 minutes and then to 70-75° for 18 hours.
  • reaction mixture was cooled, diluted with 100 ml CH 2 Cl 2 , washed with saturated NaHC0 3 , H 2 0 and brine, dried and concentrated in vacuo to an oil (2.6 g).
  • the oil was chromatographed on silica gel (45 x 150 mm) using CH 2 Cl 2 as eluant, yielding title product, initially an oil which was crystallized from ether/pentane, 1.04 g (53%), m.p. 72-75°.
  • Example B1 By the procedure of Example B1, but using 1:1 hexane:ethyl acetate as chromatography eluant and pentane for crystallization, 1-(3-chlorophenyl-2(lH,3H)-indolone (2.0 g, 8.2 mmoles) and N-methyl-2-piperidone (1.3 ml, 11.5 mmoles) were converted to title product, 180 mg (6.5%) m.p. 162-165°.
  • Example B1 By the procedure of Example B1 a mixture of 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-2(1H,3H)-indolone and 6-chloro-1-phenyl-2(1H,3H)-indolone (1.36 g, 5.56 mmoles) and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (0.9 ml, 9.34 mmoles) were converted to a crude mixture of title products, as an oil. The isomers were separated, purified and isolated as solid products by silica gel chromatography, using the same eluant. The 3-chlorophenyl isomer was the faster moving, yield 0.72 g, m.p. 134-137°.
  • the more polar component was the 6-chloro isomer, yield 0.10 g, m.p. 177-179°.
  • Example B1 By the procedure of Example B1, except that ethyl acetate was used as eluant and ether to crystallize the product, 1-(3-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-2(lH,3H)-indolone (1.05 g, 3.84 mole) and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (0.62 ml, 6.42 mmoles) were converted to title product, 0.58 g, m.p. 126-127.5°.
  • Example B5 By the procedure of Example B5, except to use ethyl acetate as eluant, 1-(3-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)-2(1H,3H)-indolone (2.0 g, 7.8 mmoles) and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (1.5 ml, 15.6 mmole) were converted to title product, 0.32 g, m.p. 68-71°.
  • Method B (Examples B1-B5) was further employed to prepare the following additional compounds. Listed in sequence are example number; name of product; starting materials; chromatography eluant; crystallization solvent(s); yield; m.p.; C, H and N microanalyses (calculated) found.
  • N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (3 ml) was cooled in an ice-water bath. Phosphorus oxychloride (0.91 ml, 0.01 mole) was added dropwise. After stirring 15 minutes, the bath was removed and 2(1H,3H)-indolone (oxindole, 1.3 g, 0.01 mole) in 3 ml additional N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (3 ml) was added dropwise. The temperature rose to 40°C. The reaction mixture was then heated at 80° for 16 hours, cooled and partitioned between ethyl acetate and water.
  • reaction mixture was heated at 120-130° for 40 hours, poured over 300 g of ice, stirred with 300 ml ether, filtered and the ether layer separated, dried over MgS0 4 , filtered and concentrated to an oil.
  • the oil was chromatographed on silica gel, using ethyl acetate as eluant and title product initially isolated as an oil, crystallized from ether, 2.46 g (42%), m.p. 106-108.5° (dec.).
  • Example C1 Using the same reagent quantities and the procedure of Example C1, but replacing the iodoanisole with m-iodotoluene (5.1 ml, 40 mmoles), title product was prepared. Crystallization was from ether/ pentane, 2.1 g, m.p. 105-108°.
  • Example C1 Using the reagent quantities of Example C1, substituting 3-bromobenzonitrile (7.3 g, 40 mmoles) for the m-iodoanisole, 1:1 hexane:ethyl acetate as eluant in chromatography, and allowing the product to crystallize on standing, title product was otherwise prepared according to the procedure of Example C1,1.3 g; m. D . 140-143°.
  • the mixture was heated at 130° for 3.5 days, cooled, poured over ice and ethyl acetate, basified with NH 4 OH and filtered over a pad of diatomaceous earth.
  • the aqueous layer was separated from the filtrate and extracted with fresh ethyl acetate.
  • the combined organic layers were back-washed with H 2 O, dried over MgSO 4 , treated with activated carbon, evaporated to dryness and the residue triturated with ether, and filtered to yield starting material (110 mg).
  • the ether filtrate was evaporated to an oil and chromatographed on 75 ml silica gel, eluting with CHCI 3 . Clean product fractions were combined, evaporated to an oil and crystallized from CHCI 3 /ether, 320 mg, m.p. 127-129° (dec).
  • Examples C1-C7 was further employed to prepare the following additional compounds. Listed in sequence are: example number; name of product; name of starting materials; chromatography eluant; crystallization solvent(s); yield; m.p.; C, H and N microanalyses (calculated) found.
  • the slower moving component was demethylated title product, 5.0 g; viscous oil; m/e 245/243.
  • a mixture of p-fluoroacetanilide (76.5 g, 0.5 mole), 4-bromofluorobenzene (262.5 g, 1.5 mole), K 2 C0 3 (76 g, 0.55 mole), Cu 2 Br 2 (157.8 g, 0.55 mole) and N-methylpyrrolidone (600 ml) were heated at 175-180°. After allowing low boiling material to condense off, the mixture was heated at reflux for 7 days.
  • the mixture was cooled to 60° and quenched into a mixture of 2 liters H 2 0, 600 ml ethylenediamine and 1.2 liters toluene, filtered and the toluene layer separated, back-washed 2 x 600 ml H 2 O treated with activated carbon, dried over MgSO 4- and concentrated to oily solids in vacuo.
  • the latter were taken up in 1.5 liters 10% ethanolic KOH, refluxed 18 hours and concentrated in vacuo to an oil.
  • the oil was partitioned between 750 ml H 2 O and 750 ml ether.
  • the water layer was washed 2 x 200 ml ether.
  • Example D1 Title product of Example D1 (0.28 g, 1.0 mmole) in 2 ml of acetone was stirred under N 2 with Na 2 CO 3 (0.21 g, 2 mmoles) for 1 hour. Ethyl iodide (2.28 ml) and 0.5 g Na 2 C0 3 were then added. The mixture was refluxed for 11 hours, cooled, salts removed by filtration and the filtrate stripped of solvent in vacuo. The residue was chromatographed on silica gel (15 cm x 3.5 cm), eluting with 1:1 ethyl acetate:hexane. The resulting oil was crystallized from toluene/pentane to yield purified title product; 51.5 mg; 17%; m.p. 99-102°.
  • Example A3 Title product of Example A3 (0.3 g, 1.0 mmole), morpholine (0.45 ml, 5 mmole) and ethanol (10 ml) were combined and stirred 18 hours at 25°. Additional morpholine (2 ml) was added and the mixture refluxed 4 hours. The reaction mixture was evaporated in vacuo to an oil, chromatographed on silica gel (4.5 cm x 18 cm) eluting with ethyl acetate, initially isolating purified title product as an oil which crystallized on standing under ether/pentane, 0.27 g; m.p. 130-132.5°C.
  • Example A3 Title product of Example A3 (0.3 g, 1 mmole) was stirred with 10 ml of ethanol for 3 minutes and the mixture then perfused with NH 3 for 1 hour at 25°, stirred an additional 16 hours, and concentrated to an oil, which crystallized on standing in vacuo. Trituration with pentane gave purified title product, 0.25 g, m.p. 141-143°.
  • Examples F1-F3 was further employed to prepare the following additional compounds. Listed sequentially are: example number; product name; starting materials; chromatography eluant; crystallization solvent(s) yield; m.p.; C, H and N microanalyses (calculated) found.
  • Example G1 By the procedure of Example G1, substituting toluene for benzene, 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-(hydroxymethylene)-2(1H,3H)-indolone was converted to present title product in 11 % yield, m.p. 164-166°.
  • N-(3-Chlorophenyl)-alpha-chloroacetanilide (63.1 g) and aluminum chloride (70.2 g) were heated for 15 minutes at 180-200°; cooled to 80°, poured over 500 g ice/250 ml conc. HCI and extracted 3 x 500 ml CH 2 CI 2 .
  • the combined organic layers were washed 2 x saturated NaHCO 3 and then 2 x brine, dried over MgSO 4 , treated with activated carbon and evaporated in vacuo to solids. (54.2 g).
  • the solids were chromatographed on silica gel (7.5 x 30 cm) with 19:1 hexane:ethyl acetate as eluant.
  • N-(3-Chlorophenyl)aniline (25.1 g, 0.123 mole) and chloroacetyl chloride (19.6 ml, 0.246 mole) were refluxed in toluene (100 ml) for 4 hours, then stripped of toluene and excess acid chloride in vacuo to yield an oil which crystallized on scratching. Recrystallization from ethanol/H 2 0 gave purified title product, 32.6 g, m.p. 94-96.5°.
  • N-(3-Fluorophenyl)aniline (7.02 g, 0.0375 mole) and chloroacetyl chloride (3.3 ml, 0.0412 mole) were refluxed in benzene (50 ml) for 3 hours, then evaporated in vacuo to solids and the solids triturated with pentane and ether to yield purified title product, 8.69 g, m.p. 115-117°.
  • Example M1 The method of Example M1 was further employed to prepare the following additional compounds. Listed in sequence are example number; name of product; starting materials; chromatography eluant; crystallization solvent(s); yield; m.p.; C, H and N microanalyses (calculated) found.
  • Oxalyl chloride (9.62 ml, 0.11 mole) was dissolved in 45 ml CH 2 CI 2 .
  • a solution of di-(4-fluorophenyl)-amine (19.7 g, 0.096 mole) in 145 ml CH 2 Cl 2 was added over 15 minutes; the temperature rose from 23° to 28°.
  • AICI 3 (40.8 g) was added portionwise over 15 minutes; the temperature rose from 20° to 30°, and was kept less than 30° by cooling.
  • the reaction mixture was added to 250 ml ethyl acetate and 500 ml ice and water (the temperature rose to 30°C).
  • aqueous layer was washed 2 x 250 ml ethyl acetate.
  • the organic layers were combined, back-washed 1 x 400 ml H 2 0, dried over MgS0 4 , evaporated to solids and triturated with 100 ml 1:1 ether:hexane to recovertitle product, 19.9 g, m.p. 180-190°, tlc Rf 0.55 (1:1 ether:hexane).

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US10154988B2 (en) 2012-11-14 2018-12-18 The Johns Hopkins University Methods and compositions for treating schizophrenia

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US4879391A (en) * 1982-09-20 1989-11-07 Pfizer Inc. 1-Phenyl-2(1H,3H)-indolone psychotherapeutic agents
US4760083A (en) * 1986-04-10 1988-07-26 E. I. Dupont De Nemours & Company 3,3-disubstituted indolines
WO1990008146A1 (en) * 1989-01-10 1990-07-26 Pfizer Inc. Anti-inflammatory 1-heteroaryl-oxindole-3-carboxamides
US5078756A (en) * 1990-01-12 1992-01-07 Major Thomas O Apparatus and method for purification and recovery of refrigerant
US5158969A (en) * 1991-08-21 1992-10-27 Neurosearch A/S Indole derivatives as potassium channel blockers
US5760250A (en) * 1991-11-05 1998-06-02 Zeneca Limited Process for the preparation of 3-(α-methoxy)methylenebenzofuranones and intermediates therefor
DE19949209A1 (de) * 1999-10-13 2001-04-19 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma In 5-Stellung substituierte Indolinone, ihre Herstellung und ihre Verwendung als Arzneimittel
WO2003027102A1 (en) * 2001-09-27 2003-04-03 Allergan, Inc. 3-(arylamino)methylene-1, 3-dihydro-2h-indol-2-ones as kinase inhibitors
IL163992A0 (en) * 2002-03-27 2005-12-18 Lundbeck & Co As H Method for manufacture of sertindole
FR2847811B1 (fr) * 2002-11-29 2005-01-07 Oreal Composition filtrante contenant au moins un derive du dibenzoylmethane et au moins un derive de 3-(2-azacycloalkylidene)-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one;procede de photostabilisation
FR2847813A1 (fr) * 2002-11-29 2004-06-04 Oreal Compositions cosmetiques photoprotectrices contenant des derives de 3-(2-azacycloalkylidene)-1,3-dihydro-indol-2-one et utilisations
SI1928454T1 (sl) 2005-05-10 2015-01-30 Intermune, Inc. Piridonski derivati za moduliranje s stresom aktiviranega protein kinaznega sistema
US8304413B2 (en) 2008-06-03 2012-11-06 Intermune, Inc. Compounds and methods for treating inflammatory and fibrotic disorders
CN104761533B (zh) 2008-12-19 2017-12-05 日本曹达株式会社 1‑杂原子二烯衍生物及有害生物防除剂
NZ599682A (en) 2009-11-12 2013-06-28 Nippon Soda Co 1-heterodiene derivative and noxious organism control agent
AR092742A1 (es) 2012-10-02 2015-04-29 Intermune Inc Piridinonas antifibroticas
KR102373700B1 (ko) 2014-04-02 2022-03-11 인터뮨, 인크. 항섬유성 피리디논

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US3506683A (en) * 1963-10-07 1970-04-14 Upjohn Co 3-(2-pyrrolidinylidene)-3h-indoles
GB1237008A (en) * 1968-12-18 1971-06-30 Pfizer Ltd Novel indoline derivatives
US3723457A (en) * 1969-09-30 1973-03-27 Eisai Co Ltd Indoline-2-one derivatives and preparation thereof
GB1374414A (en) * 1972-06-12 1974-11-20 Sterling Drug Inc 1-acyl-3-amino-alkyl-indoles and their preparation
DE2557342A1 (de) * 1975-12-19 1977-06-30 Hoechst Ag Basisch substituierte indolderivate und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung

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US10154988B2 (en) 2012-11-14 2018-12-18 The Johns Hopkins University Methods and compositions for treating schizophrenia
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