Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
  • C08K5/541—Silicon-containing compounds containing oxygen
  • C08K5/5415—Silicon-containing compounds containing oxygen containing at least one Si—O bond
  • C08K5/5419—Silicon-containing compounds containing oxygen containing at least one Si—O bond containing at least one Si—C bond
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
  • C08K5/0066—Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
  • C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
  • C08K5/098—Metal salts of carboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
  • C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
  • C08L23/06—Polyethylene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
  • C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
  • C08L23/12—Polypropene
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
  • C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
  • C08L33/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
  • C08L33/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L69/00—Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates

Definitions

• the present invention relates to flame retardant compositions which are blends of organic polymer, certain effective low viscosity silicone polymers and a Group IIA metal carboxylate salt containing 6 to 20 carbon atoms.
• thermoplastic compositions having a relatively greater degree of flame retardancy than heretofore available.
• thermoplastics flame retardant It is another object to provide a process for rendering thermoplastics flame retardant.
• thermoplastic 60 to 98% of thermoplastic
• each R is independently a substituted or unsubstituted organic radical and which preferably is a methyl radical
• X is R or a radical selected from hydroxyl or alkoxyl radicals
• n is an integer such that said silicone fluid has a viscosity of approximately 2,000 to 600,000 centipoise at 25°C.
• the present invention is based on the discovery that certain carboxylic acid salts of Group IIA elements, such as magnesium stearate, can be used in combination with certain low viscosity silicone fluids to impart improved flame retardant properties to a variety of organic polymers including polyolefins, polyesters, polycarbonates, polyamides, polystyrenes etc. (hereinafter collectively referred to as "thermoplastics"). It has been found that the flame retardant properties of a variety of such organic polymers can be substantially improved as shown by oxygen index values and horizontal burning times (HBT) when the aforementioned combination of such Group IIA carboxylic acid salt and silicone fluid is incorporated in such organic polymers.
• HBT horizontal burning times
• the organic polymers which can be used to make the flame retardant compositions of the present invention are, for example, low density polyethylene (LDPE) having a density of 0.91 g/cm 3 to 0.93 g/cm 3 ; high density polyethylene (HDPE) having a density of 0.94 g/cm 3 to 0.97 g/cm 3 ; polypropylene having a density of about 0.91 g/cm 3 , polystyrene, LEXAN R polycarbonate, and VALOX R polyester, both manufactured by the General Electric Company, and other polymers such as polyamides, ionomers, polyurethanes, co- and terpolymers of aerylonitrile,-butadiene and styrene; as well as acrylic, polybutylene, ionomer, acetal resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate, and polymethylpentene, flexible polyvinylchloride (but not rigid PVC), and polyphenylene oxide
• LDPE
• R is a monovalent organic radical.
• organic radicals will ordinarily be selected from the class consisting of C ( 1-8) alkyl radicals, C ( 6-13) aryl radicals, halogenated derivatives of such radicals, cyanoalkyl radicals, etc.
• the aforementioned polydiorganosiloxanes are preferably polydimethylsiloxanes which can contain from about 0.05 to 15 mole percent of methylvinylsiloxy units based upon the total moles of chemically combined diorganosiloxy units.
• the aforementioned polydiorganosiloxanes are preferably in the form of silanol or trimethylsilyl chainstopped siloxane fluids having an approximate viscosity of 2,000 to 600,000 centipoise at
• Group IIA metal carboxylic acid salts which can be utilized in the practice of the present invention are, for example, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, barium stearate, strontium stearate. Salts of other carboxylic acids include isostearate, oleate, palmitate, myristate, lactate, undecylenic, 2-ethylhexanoate , pivaleate , hexanoate , etc.
• the flame retardant compositions of the present invention can contain additional ingredients, such as fillers, antioxidants, and additional additives. In particular instances, ingredients such as decabromc-diphenylether, antimony oxide, processing aids and clay also can be utilized.
• heat activated peroxides can be employed when utilizing polyolefins as the organic polymer.
• Suitable reactive peroxides are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 2,888,424, 3,079,370, 3,086,966 and 3,214,422.
• Suitable peroxide crosslinking agents include organic tertiary peroxides which decompose at a temperature above about 295oF. and thereby provide free-radicals.
• the organic peroxides can be used in amounts of from about 2 to 8 parts by weight of peroxide per 100 parts of organic polymer.
• a preferred peroxide is dicumyl peroxide, while other peroxides such as VulCupR R of Hercules, Inc., a mixture of para and meta ⁇ , ⁇ ,-bis (t-butylperoxy)- diisopropylbenzene, etc., can be used.
• Curing coagents such as triallyl cyanurate can be employed in amounts of up to about 5 parts by weight of coagent, per 100 parts of the polymer if desired.
• the polyolefins can be irradiated by high energy electrons, x-ray and like sources.
• the flame retardant compositions can be made by mixing together the organic polymer with the silicone fluid and the Group IIA carboxylic acid salt, hereinafter referred to as the "Group IIA salt" by means of any conventional compounding or blending apparatus, such as a Banbury mixer or on a two-roll rubber mill.
• any conventional compounding or blending apparatus such as a Banbury mixer or on a two-roll rubber mill.
• Order of addition of the particular constituents does not appear to be critical, however, those skilled in the art will be able to optimize the flame retardant compositions contemplated herein without undue experimentation.
• all the ingredients are formulated together except those which are sensitive to the temperatures in the range of from about 300oF. to about 400oF., such as heat decomposable peroxides.
• the ingredients are therefore at a temperature sufficient to soften and plasticize the particular organic polymer if feasible.
• An effective procedure for example, would be to uniformly blend the aforementioned ingredients at a suitable temperature with the absence of the organic peroxide, then introduce the organic peroxide at a lower temperature to uniformly incorporate it into the mixture.
• the proportions of the various ingredients can vary widely depending upon the particular application intended. For example, for effective flame retardance there can be employed per 100 parts of organic polymer from about 0.5 to 20 parts of the silicone fluid and 0.5 to 20 parts of the Group IIA salt. However, greater or smaller amounts can suffice in particular applications. As previously indicated, other additives may be included. Antimony oxide can be -utilized in a proportion from 1 to 10 parts, and organic halogen compounds from 5 to 30 parts, per 100 parts of the organic polymer. Reinforcing and non-reinforcing fillers also can be employed.
• the flame retardant composition of the present invention can be extruded onto a conductor and in particular instances, cross- linked depending on whether organic peroxide curing agent is present.
• the flame retardant compositions of the present invention may be used to great advantage.
• Such materials may be successfully molded, extruded or compressed etc. to form numerous useful products such as moldings, sheets, webbing, fibers and a multitude of other flame retardant plastic or polyolefin products.
• the flame retardant compositions of the present invention also can be utilized in such applications as applicance housings, hairdriers, TV cabinets, smoke detectors, etc., automotive interiors, fans, motors, electrical components, coffee makers, pump housings, power tools, etc.
• Such flame retardant compositions might also be utilized in fabrics, textiles and carpet as well as many other applications.
• a mixture of 8g of a hydroxy terminated linear polydimethyl- siloxane oil having a viscosity of approximately 100 ,000 cps at 25o C and 12g of magnesium stearate (Mg Ster. ) was compounded with 180g of molten polypropylene (Hercules Pro-Fax 6523) and compression molded.
• 1/8 in. x 1/2 in. x 6 in. test strips of the compounded plastic self-extinguished in a horizontal burning test.
• Other silicone polymers of varying chain length and viscosity such as VISCASIL R 100M also raised the LOI of polypropylene and in some cases caused the plastic to self extinguish in the horizontal burning test.
• Table I compares the oxygen index values for various formulations.
• the polypropylene was Hercules Pro-Fax 6523. Compounding was performed on a Brabender mixer at 400oF and compression molded slabs were cut (1/8 in. x 6 in. x 6 in.).
• SE-33 is a high viscosity silicone gum available from General Electric and used for comparison in the manner of MacLaury et al.
• siloxane fluids (1-4) listed in Table I are essentially linear hydroxy chain-stopped polydimethylsiloxanes having varying viscosities at 25oC, as follows:
• Siloxane 1 - approximately 100,000 cps.
• Siloxane 2 - approximately 12,100 cps.
• Siloxane 3 - approximately 2,800 cps.
• Siloxane 4 - approximately 950 cps.
• the oxygen index test method employed herein is in accordance with ASTM 2863-77.
• the horizontal burn test is essentially similar to ASTM D635-81. Higher oxygen index values indicated greater degrees of flame retardancy.
• the following formulations were prepared by first milling together the silicone and magnesium stearate to form a paste. This paste was then compounded into molten polypropylene (Hercules Pro-Fax 6523) using a two-roll mill at 375oF. The relatively low viscosity of the silicone fluids gave a paste that readily mixed into the molten polyproylene. The compounded material was compression molded at 375oF in a "picture frame" mold to form
• silanol stopped polydimethylsiloxane polymer having a nominal viscosity of 90,000 - 150,000 centipoise (90-150 Pascal second).
• the limiting oxygen index test was conducted according to ASTM 2863-77.
• the horizontal burn was conducted by igniting a 1/8" x 1/2" x 6" strip of the material clamped at one end in a horizontal position.. If the material extinguished itself during the first half inch, the time was recorded. If burning continued past the first half inch, the burning rate was timed for the next two (2) inches.
• silanol stopped polydimethylsiloxane having a nominal viscosity of 90,000 - 150,000 centipoise (90-150 Pascal seconds)

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

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• 1983
  • 1983-01-17 JP JP58500946A patent/JPS59500100A/ja active Granted
  • 1983-01-17 FI FI832768A patent/FI832768L/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1983-01-17 WO PCT/US1983/000060 patent/WO1983002618A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1983-01-17 EP EP19830900861 patent/EP0099921A4/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1983-01-21 CA CA000419967A patent/CA1233592A/en not_active Expired
  • 1983-01-26 ZA ZA83517A patent/ZA83517B/xx unknown
  • 1983-01-28 PT PT76164A patent/PT76164A/pt unknown
  • 1983-01-28 ES ES519340A patent/ES519340A0/es active Granted
  • 1983-01-28 IT IT19338/83A patent/IT1167652B/it active
  • 1983-01-29 KR KR1019830000351A patent/KR840003275A/ko not_active Withdrawn
  • 1983-09-07 NO NO833185A patent/NO833185L/no unknown

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