EP0077715B1 - Modultrockner zum Trocknen von Getreide - Google Patents

Modultrockner zum Trocknen von Getreide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0077715B1
EP0077715B1 EP82401860A EP82401860A EP0077715B1 EP 0077715 B1 EP0077715 B1 EP 0077715B1 EP 82401860 A EP82401860 A EP 82401860A EP 82401860 A EP82401860 A EP 82401860A EP 0077715 B1 EP0077715 B1 EP 0077715B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
dryer
columns
chamber
modules
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82401860A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0077715A1 (de
Inventor
Jean Maurice
Bernard Vauthier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Renault Techniques Nouvelles Appliquees
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Renault Techniques Nouvelles Appliquees
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Publication date
Application filed by Renault Techniques Nouvelles Appliquees filed Critical Renault Techniques Nouvelles Appliquees
Priority to AT82401860T priority Critical patent/ATE11954T1/de
Publication of EP0077715A1 publication Critical patent/EP0077715A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0077715B1 publication Critical patent/EP0077715B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/12—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
    • F26B17/122—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the material moving through a cross-flow of drying gas; the drying enclosure, e.g. shaft, consisting of substantially vertical, perforated walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F26B21/04—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure partly outside the drying enclosure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a modular dryer for drying the grain, using the technique known as column drying and comprising a vertical flow of the grain under the effect of gravity, according to two distinct layers successively traversed by the air ensuring the drying, which flows along a horizontal path.
  • said second layer circulates slower than the first.
  • the dryer is made up of superimposed identical elements or modules, each module having its own ventilation means, as well as an individual device for adjusting the temperature of the hot air.
  • This modular design has the double advantage of allowing, from common elements, the realization of a range of very different power dryers by the variation of the number of modules, and also an individual adjustment of the flow and the temperature of the air at the level of each module, to obtain the most efficient drying with the lowest heat consumption at the different levels of the column, while respecting the limit heating of the grain beyond which the quality thereof could be altered.
  • the known apparatus comprises, at the base of the drying columns, a cooling zone composed of one or more modules similar to the drying modules but traversed by unheated atmospheric air, the grain cooling in this zone and its temperature becoming uniform at the same time as desiccation continues, without additional heat consumption.
  • the used air leaving all the modules including the cooling modules is collected, for all the columns by a common evacuation chamber constituted by a box surrounding these columns and provided with a pipe that returns the used air to the atmosphere.
  • Such a device fulfills its function well but nevertheless presents a certain number of defects; there is, in particular, significant condensations within the layers of grain being dried, due to the very active evaporation which takes place in the front part of the layer of grains and the temperature differences between the various levels of this layer. ; such condensations capture the dust conveyed by the drying air and clump the grain in the form of plugs which obstruct the passage of air and cause local overheating, with the risk of fire.
  • the object of the present invention is the production of a drying device of this kind, which does not have these drawbacks and which in particular allows increased efficiency, that is to say reduced consumption of fuel.
  • a modular dryer according to the invention for drying grains, in which the grain flows by gravity in the form of parallel sheets in vertical columns through which the drying air passes horizontally, this dryer being formed of superimposed modules each comprising elements of said columns and ventilation means, some further comprising means for adjusting the temperature of the drying air coming from a common air heater, the columns being arranged in two groups each comprising two adjoining columns, said dryer comprising at its lower part a hopper for evacuating the dried grain coming from said columns, the thickness of which in the drying module or modules placed at the top of the dryer is less than the columns located in the modules placed below which comprise respectively two fans, each fan supplying an air diffusion chamber disposed between the two columns of a group of columns, lesdite s chambers being in relation to a perforated wall of said columns, is characterized in that the diffusion chambers comprise vertical deflectors, and that the fact that the diffusion chambers comprise vertical deflectors, and that the opposite wall of these columns, also perforated, is in communication with a common chamber for discharging the used air
  • the dryer according to the invention in the embodiment described and shown is constituted in a manner known per se, by modules M, of generally parallelepiped shape, stacked on each other to form a tower (fig. 2); each of these modules M comprises column elements 12, 13, these elements during the superposition of the modules constituting two groups of two columns for the flow of the grain to be dried in the form of vertical parallel sheets.
  • one or more of the drying modules M located at the upper part of the dryer have column elements 13 of thickness thinner than that of the elements 12 of the lower modules (FIG. 1).
  • This arrangement tends to avoid condensations which might occur in the grain layers last crossed by the drying air due to the very active evaporation which occurs in the front part of the sheet on the one hand, and less heating of the grain in the rear part of this layer, on the other hand.
  • the dryer also has at its upper part one or more modules M 1 for introducing the grain and a cap C, constituting the dryer; in which is poured the grain to be dried, brought by conventional feeding means not shown, which then flows by gravity into the columns.
  • Each drying module M comprises two fans 1 for admitting the drying air into diffusion chambers 14 each associated with one of said fans and each arranged between the two columns of a group of columns.
  • the dryer also includes a heat generator 4 common to all the modules M (FIG. 2), an annular ring 7 channeling the cold air heated in contact with a central combustion chamber 8, in a dilution chamber 11 common to the different fans 1. Valves 5, 6 associated with these fans (FIG.
  • each column element 12, 13 is separated from the associated diffusion chamber 14 by an openwork partition allowing the passage of air and constituted by horizontal profiles forming louvers, inclined downward (FIG. 5) for distribute the hot air in the layer of beans.
  • vertical air deflectors 24 extend the edge of these louvers, these deflectors having the aim of regulating the admission of air, avoiding vortices and reducing, to the attack of the grain layer, the component of the speed of the air parallel to the axis of the chamber, known as the “longitudinal scanning component”.
  • both the vortices and a significant longitudinal sweep have the effect of causing a combustion of combustible dust and of increasing the risk of fire.
  • the spent air after having successively passed through the layers of grains, and the second wall 25, of the columns, also perforated, enters a discharge chamber 15 surrounding said columns and common to the various modules M (FIG. 1).
  • This chamber 15 is also common to one or more modules M 2 similar to the modules M and which arranged under these constitute the lower part of the dryer.
  • the modules M 2 if they include fans 1 and diffusion chambers 14, are not supplied with hot air, but only with cold air taken from outside and constitute the cooling zone of the dryer.
  • the dryer comprises a hopper 26 (FIGS. 1 and 2) into which the dried grain flows flowing from the columns 12, 13, said hopper also communicating with the exhaust air chamber 15 by openings 19 made, for each column, in the lower partition of this chamber.
  • the light particles which are expelled from the layer of grains by the drying air, more particularly at the time of the restarting of the fans, and which tend to be deposited on this lower partition, are carried along by the dry grain. during each drain. This prevents their accumulation in chamber 15.
  • the hopper 26 is provided with drain flaps 33.
  • a horizontal partition 16 separates the evacuation chamber 15 into two parts according to the direction of the height.
  • the lower part 15b of the chamber 15 which corresponds to the modules M 2 of the cooling zone and to the modules M located immediately above, is connected by pipes preferably insulated 17, to an area traversed by the flow fresh air before passing through the grain, and preferably at the outlet of the hot air generator ( Figures 3 and 4).
  • the used air coming from this lower part 15b of the chamber 15 is mixed with the fresh air.
  • a scraper (not shown) is advantageously provided for ridding the partition of this waste, this scraper consisting for example of a chain on which are scraped pallets, manually actuated from the outside of the dryer, without the need to stop the operation of it.
  • the scraper outlet layer is connected to a bagging mouth which collects the waste to be removed.
  • the invention provides a dustproof device.
  • This device consists of flaps 18 ( Figure 4) controlled by a cylinder 27 and arranged at the inlet of the conduits 17 in the lower part of the evacuation chamber.
  • the timer controlling the emptying of the grain also acts on said flaps to block any air circulation in the lower part of the dryer, with simultaneous shutdown of the fans.
  • a safety device prohibits emptying until the shutters 18 are closed.
  • the invention also provides, according to FIG. 4, for placing in the dryer a heat exchanger such as 20, shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, advantageously of the type known as “with plates and crossed currents •.
  • This exchanger 20 places very humid and still hot spent air in thermal contact, for example at a temperature between 40 and 45 ° C., before discharge into the atmosphere, with the cooler incoming fresh air.
  • This incoming air preheated for example to a temperature of 30-35 ° C, is transferred to the air heater 4 by a pipe 21 under the action of a fan 22 ( Figure 3).
  • a recycling circuit comprising a pipe 30, preferably insulated, joining the inlet pipe of the main circuit to the outlet pipe 21 of this circuit by bridging both the exchanger 20 and the fan 22, whose flow is adjusted so as to exceed that required for supplying the dryer with fresh air.
  • the excess flow thus created is, under the effect of the suppression prevailing in the pipe, returned to the fresh air inlet pipe and will therefore be sucked back into the exchanger, undergoing a new heating. Partial recycling of the fresh air is thus obtained through the exchanger.
  • the outgoing waste air is practically saturated with humidity and during its passage through the exchanger 20 it cools, causing a partial condensation of this humidity on the plates of the exchanger, on which part of the dust contained in the outgoing air will tend to stick.
  • the exchanger plates will be arranged vertically and the circulation of the used air between these plates will be done vertically from top to bottom. The water polluted by dust and various wastes will thus be driven down, collected in a tank and finally evacuated by an appropriate pipe.
  • the exchanger will advantageously include in its upper box, pressure water spraying ramps which will be actuated intermittently, to clean the surface of the plates without having to carry out any disassembly.
  • FIG. 4 shows the temperatures of the incoming and outgoing air recorded during a test, in the various modules, both for drying and for cooling, of a dryer according to the invention comprising ten modules in all.
  • dryers according to the invention comprising a different number of modules, for example between 4 and 16 modules without this being limiting.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Modultrockner zum Trocknen von Getreide, den das Getreide durch die Wirkung der Schwerkraft in Form paraller Schichten in senkrechten Rohren (12, 13) durchfließt und der waagrecht von Trocknungsluft durchsetzt wird, wobei der Trockner von übereinander angeordneten Modulen (M, M2) gebildet ist, deren jeder Elemente der Rohre und Ventilatoranordnungen (1) aufweist und einige außerdem Regelanordnungen (1) aufweist und einige außerdem Regelanordnungen für die Temperatur der Trocknungsluft aufweisen, die von einem gemeinsamen Lufterwärmer (4) stammt, wobei die Rohre in zwei Gruppen angeordnet sind, deren jede zwei miteinander verbundene Rohre aufweist und der Trockner in seinem unteren Teil einen Trichter (26) zum Abgeben von getrocknetem Getreide aus diesen Rohren aufweist, deren Dicke in dem oder den oben im Trockner angeordneten Trocknungsmodulen kleiner ist als die Rohre (12), die in den unten angeordneten Modulen vorhanden sind und die jeweils zwei Ventilatoren (1) aufweisen, wobei jeder Ventilator eine Luftverteilkammer (14) versorgt, die zwischen zwei Rohren (12,13) einer Rohrgruppe angeordnet ist, während die Kammern (14) mit einer durchbrochenen Wand der Rohre verbunden sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verteilkammern (14) senkrechte Abweiser (24) aufweisen und daß die den Rohren gegenüberliegende, ebenfalls durchbrochene Wand (25) mit einer gemeinsamen Abführkammer (15) in Verbindung steht, für die zum Trocknen des Getreides verwendete Luft und daß die Kammer (15) in Verbindung steht mit dem Trichter (26) mittels Öffnungen (19) im unteren Teil (4) der Kammer (15).
2. Trockner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abführkammer (15) in Richtung ihrer Höhe durch eine Trennwand (16) in zwei Teile unterteilt ist, wobei der obere Teil dieser Kammer mit den oberen Modulen des mit Heißluft versorgten Trockners in Verbindung steht, während der untere Teil mit Zwischenmodulen in Verbindung steht, die mit Heißluft versorgt werden und mit unteren Modulen in Verbindung steht, die auschließlich mit Kaltluft versorgt werden zum Abkühlen des getrockneten Getreides.
3. Trockner nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Trennwand (16) mit Abstreifern zu ihrer Reinigung versehen sind.
4. Trockner nach einem der Ansprüche 2 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der untere Teil der Abführkammer (15) mit vorzugsweise isolierten Leitungen (17) zur Luftwiederverwendung in einem Bereich verbunden ist, der von Frischluft durchströmt wird, bevor diese das Getreide erreicht und vorzugsweise mit dem Ausgang des gemeinsamen Lufterwärmers (4) verbunden ist, wobei Anordnungen (5,6) vorgesehen sind zur Dosierung der Mischverhältnisse von Heißluft mit Kaltluft, die durch Ventilatoren (1) angesaugt wird, wobei der obere Teil der Kammer (15) mit der Atmosphäre in Verbindung steht.
5. Trockner nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Klappen (18) vorgesehen sind um die Leitungen (17) zu verschließen unter der Einwirkung von Druckzylindern (27).
6. Trockner nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine das periodische Entleeren des Trockners steuernde Schaltuhr geeignet ist, gleichzeitig das Schließen der Klappen (18) und das Anhalten der Ventilatoren (1) zu steuern.
7. Trockner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die in die Atmosphäre abgegebene, verbrauchte, noch heiße Luft in wärmetauschender Berührung mittels eines Wärmetauschers (20) mit einem Kaltluftstrom steht, der nach der Vorerwärmung in diesem Wärmetauscher durch eine Hauptleitung (21) unter der Wirkung eines Ventilators (22) dem Heißlufterzeuger (4) zugeführt wird.
8. Trockner nach Anspruch 7, bei dem der Wärmetauscher (20) vom Typ mit Platten und gekreuzten Strömen ist, mit senkrechten Platten und einer senkrechten Zirkulation von oben nach unten der feuchten verbrauchten Luft, wobei eine Wasserspritzanlage zum Waschen der Platten ohne Demontage der Anordnung im oberen Teil des Wärmetauschers vorgesehen ist.
9. Trockner nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine zweite Wiederverwendungsleitung (30) derart angeschlossen ist, daß sie die Leitung (21) beiderseits des vom Wärmetauscher (20) und vom Ventilator (22) eingenommenen Bereichs überbrückt.
EP82401860A 1981-10-20 1982-10-11 Modultrockner zum Trocknen von Getreide Expired EP0077715B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82401860T ATE11954T1 (de) 1981-10-20 1982-10-11 Modultrockner zum trocknen von getreide.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8119658A FR2514878A1 (fr) 1981-10-20 1981-10-20 Sechoir modulaire pour le sechage de grains
FR8119658 1981-10-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0077715A1 EP0077715A1 (de) 1983-04-27
EP0077715B1 true EP0077715B1 (de) 1985-02-20

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ID=9263196

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82401860A Expired EP0077715B1 (de) 1981-10-20 1982-10-11 Modultrockner zum Trocknen von Getreide

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4486960A (de)
EP (1) EP0077715B1 (de)
AR (1) AR228923A1 (de)
AT (1) ATE11954T1 (de)
BR (1) BR8206087A (de)
DE (1) DE3262444D1 (de)
ES (1) ES8307365A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2514878A1 (de)
PT (1) PT75633B (de)

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US4624636A (en) * 1984-04-05 1986-11-25 Fuller Company Two stage material cooler
FR2567636B1 (fr) * 1984-07-10 1988-05-13 Satig Ets Cesbron Cie Sechoir pour matieres en grains
FR2630621B1 (fr) * 1988-04-29 1994-06-10 Socoa Sechoir a grain
FR2650656B1 (fr) * 1988-04-29 1994-06-03 So Co A Sechoir a grain
FR2675569A1 (fr) * 1991-04-19 1992-10-23 Comia Fao Sa Sechoir a grain.
BR9705550A (pt) * 1997-11-26 2000-05-16 Dryexcel Manutencao De Equipam Secador de grãos em fluxo cruzado oblìquo
US6202319B1 (en) * 2000-01-13 2001-03-20 Douglas Bening Grain dryer heat exchanger
US7793508B2 (en) * 2004-11-05 2010-09-14 Flair Corporation Modular refrigerated dryer apparatus and method
DE102007028781A1 (de) * 2007-06-22 2008-12-24 Schmidt-Seeger Ag Schachttrockner mit spezieller Luft-Dachanordnung
CA2772976A1 (en) * 2011-07-12 2013-01-12 Ctb, Inc. Grain dryer with double pass airflow
EP2647935B1 (de) * 2012-04-03 2016-07-20 AB Akron-Maskiner Korntrocknungsanordnung und Verfahren zum Trocknen von Korn
FR2994101B1 (fr) * 2012-08-06 2014-08-08 Air Proc Components Procede de traitement de l'air refoule par un sechoir a grains lors du processus de sechage du grain, installation pour la mise en œuvre dudit procede et sechoir a grains equipe d'une telle installation
US9835375B2 (en) 2014-02-13 2017-12-05 Ctb, Inc. Hybrid continuous flow grain dryer
US10591212B2 (en) * 2014-03-12 2020-03-17 Ceres Device and method for drying grain
BR102014019434B1 (pt) 2014-08-06 2022-05-17 Cool Seed Indústria E Comércio De Equipamentos Agrícolas Ltda Processo de secagem de grãos por múltipla intermitência e secador correspondente
CN106123548A (zh) * 2016-07-05 2016-11-16 江西省农业科学院农产品加工研究所 一种内置加热装置的谷物负压连续干燥机
AR110492A1 (es) * 2017-12-06 2019-04-03 Ingenieria Mega S A Secadora de granos
US11465833B2 (en) * 2018-05-14 2022-10-11 Haber Technologies, Inc. Assembly for saturating a medium with a fluid
RU2732560C1 (ru) * 2019-08-26 2020-09-21 Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Федеральный научный агроинженерный центр ВИМ" (ФГБНУ ФНАЦ ВИМ) Устройство двухпоточной сушки семян и зерна

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US1424565A (en) * 1921-10-29 1922-08-01 Thomas A Goskar Apparatus for drying coal or other material
US2474199A (en) * 1944-11-09 1949-06-21 Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc Method for contacting gases and moving particle form solids
GB1138067A (en) * 1965-12-20 1968-12-27 Stephen Frederic Burghard Batch drier for grain
US3629954A (en) * 1968-09-26 1971-12-28 Hart Carter Co Gravity flow grain dries
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FR2262786A1 (en) * 1974-03-01 1975-09-26 Garnier Sa Hot air column type grain dryer - with periodical opening of outlet flaps only when air outlet closed
FR2272354A1 (en) * 1974-05-21 1975-12-19 Rivierre Casalis Dryer for granular prods. e.g. cereals - of module construction with separate fans, delivering hot and cold air
US4106212A (en) * 1976-07-14 1978-08-15 Meyer Morton Co. Grain dryer sidewall construction and method of drying grain
DE2633165A1 (de) * 1976-07-23 1978-01-26 Udo Dipl Ing Jodeit Verfahren und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung der energieeinsparung bei der trocknung von holzspaenen
FR2427566A1 (fr) * 1978-06-01 1979-12-28 Secemia Sechoir economiseur pour produits granuleux
DE2855492A1 (de) * 1978-12-22 1980-07-03 Buehler Miag Gmbh Verfahren und trockner zum kontinuierlichen trocknen von getreide o.ae. rieselfaehigen gut
US4263722A (en) * 1979-11-13 1981-04-28 Berico Industries, Inc. Recycle control for grain dryers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE11954T1 (de) 1985-03-15
FR2514878A1 (fr) 1983-04-22
BR8206087A (pt) 1983-09-13
AR228923A1 (es) 1983-04-29
ES516441A0 (es) 1983-06-16
PT75633A (fr) 1982-10-01
DE3262444D1 (en) 1985-03-28
EP0077715A1 (de) 1983-04-27
US4486960A (en) 1984-12-11
ES8307365A1 (es) 1983-06-16
PT75633B (fr) 1984-11-26

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