EP0070371B1 - Echangeur de chaleur - Google Patents

Echangeur de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0070371B1
EP0070371B1 EP82104446A EP82104446A EP0070371B1 EP 0070371 B1 EP0070371 B1 EP 0070371B1 EP 82104446 A EP82104446 A EP 82104446A EP 82104446 A EP82104446 A EP 82104446A EP 0070371 B1 EP0070371 B1 EP 0070371B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube base
heat
tubes
heat exchanger
transfer tubes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82104446A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0070371A1 (fr
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Funke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FUNKE WARMEAUSTAUSCHER APPARATEBAU KG
Original Assignee
FUNKE WARMEAUSTAUSCHER APPARATEBAU KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FUNKE WARMEAUSTAUSCHER APPARATEBAU KG filed Critical FUNKE WARMEAUSTAUSCHER APPARATEBAU KG
Publication of EP0070371A1 publication Critical patent/EP0070371A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0070371B1 publication Critical patent/EP0070371B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0229—Double end plates; Single end plates with hollow spaces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular for exhaust gas heat utilization according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the heat recovery from exhaust gases such as. B. from diesel engines or the like. Is increasingly demanded and is becoming increasingly important; Tube-bundle heat exchangers made of steel or high-alloy steel are preferably used for this.
  • the medium to be cooled such as. B. exhaust gas
  • the medium to be heated is usually passed through the heat transfer tubes because the cleaning option is better given, while the medium to be heated, such as. B. water around the pipes.
  • a heat exchanger which has a tube bundle which is fastened in a tube plate on the inlet and outlet sides. Another tube plate is arranged on the input side at a short distance in front of the tube bundle tube plate. A spacer ring is provided between the tube plate on the input side and the further tube plate arranged in front of it. Short tubes are arranged in the further tube sheet, some of which protrude into the tubes of the tube bundle.
  • the further tube sheet, in front of which an inlet chamber is arranged, is designed as a water-cooled double-walled protective shield, the space between which forms a cooling chamber through which cooling water flows.
  • This protective shield thus forms a second heat exchanger on which the above-described disadvantageous large temperature differences occur, which can lead to material fatigue and the formation of cracks and thus to the escape of coolant.
  • the water-cooled protective shield is not sealed off from the inlet-side tube plate and the inlet chamber, so that the hot gases which are supplied via the inlet chamber can circulate around this protective plate and lead to inadmissible heating of the tube plate.
  • the short tubes end in the area of the tube sheet, which does not guarantee adequate protection of the tube sheet, because the hot gases on the outlet from the short tubes already flow onto the tubes of the tube bundle in the area of the tube sheet, as a result of which there is a risk of the tube sheet heating up too much.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to design the heat exchanger of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that an inadmissibly high heating of the tube plate on the inlet side is prevented.
  • the design according to the invention creates, so to speak, a heat shield that shields the actual tube sheet of the heat transfer tubes from high temperatures and thus ensures that a practically negligible temperature gradient occurs between the two sides of the tube sheet; As a result, the material of the tube sheet can no longer tire or be overloaded, even after a long period of use. and the risk of cracks and leaks is avoided.
  • the further embodiment according to claim 3 additionally reduces the heat transfer to the tube sheet of the heat transfer tubes.
  • the drawing shows in section the inlet and outlet side of a heat exchanger 2, which has a jacket tube 4, in which a tube bundle provided with baffles 6 made of heat transfer tubes 8 is arranged.
  • the heat transfer tubes 8 are seated on both sides in tube plates 10 and 11 connected to the jacket tube 4 or sealed against the tube tube.
  • a second tube plate 12 is arranged at a short distance in front of the tube plate 10 on the inlet side, in which a tube bundle of shorter tubes 14 is arranged.
  • the tubes 14 partially protrude into the heat transfer tubes 8, preferably up to just beyond the tube plate 10.
  • the outside diameter of the tubes 14 is smaller than the inside diameter of the heat transfer tubes 8, so that the tubes 14 and the heat transfer tubes 8 do not touch in the installed position.
  • the space 16 formed between the two tube sheets 10 and 12 is sealed to the outside, for. B. with a ring seal 18.
  • the space 16 itself can additionally with a poorly heat-conducting material such. B. asbestos.
  • an inlet chamber 20 is sealed (seal 21).
  • the heat exchanger tubes 8 open directly into an outlet chamber 19.
  • the casing tube 4 has an inlet opening 22 and an outlet opening 23, such as. B. a nozzle.
  • the heat exchanger 2 shown is designed in particular for heat recovery from exhaust gases.
  • the hot gases up to 600 ° C or more are fed into the inlet chamber and flow from there through the tubes 14 and 8 to the outlet chamber. They give their heat via the heat transfer tubes to the medium flowing around these heat transfer tubes, such as. B. water that flows through the inlet opening 22 into the jacket space 24 of the jacket tube 4.
  • the outer tube sheet 12 acts as a heat shield for the tube sheet 10 of the heat transfer tubes 8.
  • the tube sheet 10, which is cool toward the jacket space 24, can no longer heat up on the outside 26 to such an extent that an excessively large temperature gradient, excessive thermal stresses and material fatigue and, as a result, result Cracks appear.
  • the heat is absorbed by the tube sheet 12 and thus shielded from the tube sheet 12 with respect to the tube sheet 10. Since the inside 28 of the tube sheet 12 is not cooled, no large temperature differences can occur between the two sides of the tube sheet 12, so that thermal stresses do not arise. However, material fatigue that occurs over time as a result of the high exhaust gas temperatures and the resulting crack formation in the outer tube sheet 12 are also harmless because the shielding effect is not impaired thereby.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Claims (3)

1. Echangeur de chaleur, principalement destiné à utiliser la chaleur de gaz d'échappement, comportant un faisceau de tubes (8) d'échange calorifique disposés dans une enveloppe tubulaire (4) et munis de déflecteurs de courant (6), qui sont fixés, du côté de l'entrée et de la scrtie, dans un plateau à tubes (10, 11), et un plateau à tubes de protection (13) disposé du côté de l'entrée de l'échangeur à une faible distance en avant du plateau à tubes disposé à l'entrée, devant lequel se trouve une chambre d'admission (20) et dans lequel sont disposés des tubes courts (14) qui pénètrent partiellement dans les tubes d'échange calorifique (8), caractérisé en ce que les tubes courts (14) pénètrent dans les tubes d'échange calorifique (8) jusqu'au-delà du plateau à tubes (10) et en ce que l'espace intermédiaire entre le plateau à tubes (10) et le plateau à tubes de protection (12) est rendu étanche sur son pourtour extérieur par un joint d'étanchéité (18) disposé entre le plateau à tubes (10) et le plateau à tubes de protection (12).
2. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'espace intermédiaire (16) entre le plateau à tubes (10) et le plateau à tubes de protection (12) est rempli d'un matériau calorifuge et résistant aux températures élevées, par exemple de l'amiante.
3. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre extérieur des tubes courts (14) est plus petit que le diamètre intérieur des tubes d'échange calorifique (8) et en ce que les tubes courts (14) sont disposés à peu près concentriquement à l'intérieur des tubes d'échange calorifique (8).
EP82104446A 1981-07-22 1982-05-21 Echangeur de chaleur Expired EP0070371B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8121511U DE8121511U1 (de) 1981-07-22 1981-07-22 Wärmeaustauscher.
DE8121511U 1981-07-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0070371A1 EP0070371A1 (fr) 1983-01-26
EP0070371B1 true EP0070371B1 (fr) 1985-07-17

Family

ID=6729668

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82104446A Expired EP0070371B1 (fr) 1981-07-22 1982-05-21 Echangeur de chaleur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0070371B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE14346T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE8121511U1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104285120A (zh) * 2012-05-15 2015-01-14 贝洱两合公司 排气热交换器

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160215735A1 (en) * 2013-09-11 2016-07-28 International Engine Intellectual Property Company, Llc Thermal screen for an egr cooler
DE102014018261A1 (de) * 2014-12-11 2016-06-16 Borsig Gmbh Quenchkühlsystem
DE102021102847A1 (de) 2021-02-08 2022-08-11 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Abgaskühleinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug sowie Kraftfahrzeug

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3262489A (en) * 1964-02-11 1966-07-26 Aerofin Corp Heat exchanger
US3374832A (en) * 1966-05-13 1968-03-26 Lummus Co Inlet cone device and method
GB1212526A (en) * 1967-06-15 1970-11-18 Foster Wheeler Brown Boilers Improvements in shell and tube heat exchangers
DE2441931A1 (de) * 1974-09-02 1976-03-11 Shell Int Research Waermetauscher und verfahren zu seiner verwendung
DE3000665A1 (de) * 1980-01-10 1981-07-16 Rheiner Maschinenfabrik Windhoff Ag, 4440 Rheine Verfahren zur herstellung eines doppelrohrs fuer kuehlvorrichtungen

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104285120A (zh) * 2012-05-15 2015-01-14 贝洱两合公司 排气热交换器
CN104285120B (zh) * 2012-05-15 2017-05-03 马勒国际公司 排气热交换器
RU2633562C2 (ru) * 2012-05-15 2017-10-13 Мале Интернэшнл Гмбх Теплообменник, работающий на ог

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0070371A1 (fr) 1983-01-26
DE3264765D1 (en) 1985-08-22
DE8121511U1 (de) 1981-10-08
ATE14346T1 (de) 1985-08-15

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