EP0070002B1 - Appareil à jet, en particulier pour le traitement par jet d'abrasif à air comprimé - Google Patents

Appareil à jet, en particulier pour le traitement par jet d'abrasif à air comprimé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0070002B1
EP0070002B1 EP82106144A EP82106144A EP0070002B1 EP 0070002 B1 EP0070002 B1 EP 0070002B1 EP 82106144 A EP82106144 A EP 82106144A EP 82106144 A EP82106144 A EP 82106144A EP 0070002 B1 EP0070002 B1 EP 0070002B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blasting
jet
nozzle
appliance according
area
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82106144A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0070002A1 (fr
Inventor
Karl Christian Ing. Glaeser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ernst Peiniger GmbH Unternehmen fur Bautenschutz
Original Assignee
Ernst Peiniger Unternehmen fur Bautenschutz GmbH
Ernst Peiniger GmbH Unternehmen fur Bautenschutz
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ernst Peiniger Unternehmen fur Bautenschutz GmbH, Ernst Peiniger GmbH Unternehmen fur Bautenschutz filed Critical Ernst Peiniger Unternehmen fur Bautenschutz GmbH
Priority to AT82106144T priority Critical patent/ATE16083T1/de
Publication of EP0070002A1 publication Critical patent/EP0070002A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0070002B1 publication Critical patent/EP0070002B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/14—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas designed for spraying particulate materials
    • B05B7/1481—Spray pistols or apparatus for discharging particulate material
    • B05B7/1486—Spray pistols or apparatus for discharging particulate material for spraying particulate material in dry state
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/02—Blast guns, e.g. for generating high velocity abrasive fluid jets for cutting materials
    • B24C5/04—Nozzles therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a blasting device, in particular for compressed air blasting, with a hose-like feed line that can be connected on the inlet side to a source for a mixture of compressed carrier air and a blasting agent, with a substantially constant internal cross-section and with a blasting nozzle that can be connected to the outlet line on the outlet side, the blasting nozzle being one Elongated, narrowing from the inner cross section of the supply line to a nozzle constriction area and possibly an extension area adjoining the nozzle constriction area and is at least partially composed of several rigid and preferably straight, interconnected pipe sections, and the interior of the pipe sections being an imaginary, possibly represent rejuvenating or expanding body.
  • a granular blasting medium usually sand
  • a blasting device against a surface to be treated with the aid of a stream of air.
  • the aim is to achieve high speeds of impact of the granular abrasive on the surface to be treated.
  • the exit velocity of the grains of the blasting medium emerging from the nozzle area is frequently above 100 m / sec.
  • the mixture of the carrier air and the blasting medium is under high pressure in relation to the atmosphere in the feed line, but the speed of the flight promotion of the granular blasting medium is low.
  • the pressure of the air in the nozzle area is converted into kinetic energy in a known manner, as described in the Bernoulli equation. Due to the high velocity of the air flow forced in the nozzle constriction, the individual bodies of the abrasive are also accelerated at this point. Inevitably, however, the speed of the grains of the abrasive is never greater than the speed of the air flow and in practice even much lower than the speed of the air flow.
  • the blasting nozzle In the known blasting device from which the invention is based (cf. CH-A-131 161), the blasting nozzle consists of a jacket made of a soft material and a lining lining the jacket made of a highly wear-resistant material.
  • the lining made of a highly wear-resistant material is divided several times due to the larger dimensions of the jet nozzle.
  • the jacket serves to hold the parts of the feed together.
  • the individual parts of the chuck come into direct contact with one another, so that the jet nozzle as a whole is rigidly elongated.
  • a high exit velocity of the grains of the blasting medium from the nozzle area is achieved in that the constriction area, i.e. the area in which the pressure of the air flow is converted into kinetic energy, is relatively long (cf. DE-A1 -2843013).
  • the path available to accelerate the grains of the blasting medium becomes so large that the speed of the grains at the end of this acceleration path, that is to say behind the nozzle constriction, lies in the range of the speed of the air. If the speed of the air flow emerging from the nozzle area is to be in the range or above the speed of sound of the air, an expansion area must be provided so that a Laval nozzle is formed overall.
  • the grains of the abrasive also accelerate further.
  • the constriction area is made relatively long, the nozzle area is given a considerable overall length. This disadvantage has already been recognized.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a practical blasting device, i.e. a blasting device in which the advantages of an elongated constriction area can be used, in which at the same time a practice-oriented action of the blasting nozzle is possible and finally the wear is kept as low as possible.
  • the blasting device in which the above-mentioned object is achieved, is there characterized in that the pipe sections are separated from one another by annular spaces and are connected to one another in the manner of a polygon by means of joint parts, and the joint parts are arranged in the radial direction outside the imaginary body in the regions of the annular spaces.
  • the blasting nozzle can be bent in the area composed of individual pipe pieces, in particular the constriction area, so that this blasting nozzle with an elongated constriction area is considerably easier to handle than the blasting nozzle in the known blasting device from which the invention is based.
  • the air stream loaded with blasting agent is deflected practically only in the area of the joint parts.
  • the joint parts themselves are effectively protected against wear by being outside the actual path of the air stream loaded with blasting media. Only the straight pipe sections, in particular their ends at the front in the direction of flight of the grains of the blasting medium, must be designed to be resistant to abrasion.
  • the axial width of the annular gaps is related to the wall thickness of the pipe sections insofar as the maximum possible bend of the blasting nozzle given by the width of the gaps must not lead to the joint parts being able to be reached directly by grains of the blasting medium. But this is related to the radial depth of the gaps, that is, the wall thickness of the pipe sections.
  • a blasting device is already known in which the blasting nozzle is composed of a plurality of rigid, straight, interconnected pipe sections, the pipe sections are connected to one another in the manner of a polygon and the joint parts are arranged outside the pipe sections (cf. DE-C 698 841) .
  • this is a jet nozzle with a substantially uniform internal cross-section, that is to say not with a narrowing region tapering towards a nozzle constriction and an expansion region adjoining the nozzle constriction.
  • It is essential for this known blasting device that the individual pipe sections come into direct contact with one another, so that when the blasting nozzle is bent, the effective cross section for the carrying air loaded with blasting medium is narrowed in stages.
  • This known blasting device has consequently not been able to suggest the blasting device according to the invention in which the pipe sections are deliberately separated from one another by annular spaces.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the blasting device according to the invention is given in that the expansion area has twice to three times, preferably two and a half times the length of the constriction area.
  • the expansion area has twice to three times, preferably two and a half times the length of the constriction area.
  • the blasting device it may be advisable to manufacture at least a portion of the constriction area that is connected to the feed line from a resilient material, for example to form it in one piece with the feed line.
  • a resilient material for example to form it in one piece with the feed line.
  • the speed of the grains of the abrasive is so low that the abrasive effect can be neglected.
  • the advantages of the polygonal section of the nozzle area are thus particularly evident in the areas of high speed of the grains of the blasting medium, that is to say in the vicinity of the outlet end of the nozzle area. Therefore, the part of the constriction area adjacent to the nozzle constriction area and the entire extension area should be constructed from a polygonal section.
  • the joint parts of the blasting device can be designed as ball-and-socket joints, the individual balls each having an inner passage for the stream of carrier air loaded with the blasting agent.
  • Simple joints with a fixed swivel axis arranged transversely to the direction of flight of the blasting medium are also possible, it being advisable to offset successive swivel axes by 90 ° so that movement in space is also possible.
  • elastic or resilient sleeves are available for connecting two rigid pipe sections. These do not have to be made of a material that is sufficiently abrasion-resistant, since they are completely outside the trajectory of the blasting medium.
  • a feed line 1 is connected to a nozzle area 2.
  • the supply line 1 is connected on the input side to a source (not shown) for a mixture of compressed air and a blasting agent; it is made from a resilient material and is therefore flexible.
  • the inner cross section of the feed line 1 is constant over the entire length and is designed in such a way that the blasting medium is promoted at low speed by the grains of this blasting medium.
  • the feed line 1 is connected to the nozzle area 2, which is composed of an elongated constriction area 3 and an extension area 4 that continues this. Between the two is a nozzle constriction 5, the point of the smallest internal cross section of the entire arrangement.
  • the nozzle area 2 consists of a total of ten individual, rigid and straight pipe pieces 6, 7 and 8, the inner wall of which is shaped and which are arranged in such a way that they represent an imaginary, uniformly tapering and subsequently expanding body when the nozzle area 2 is straight.
  • this body is composed of two truncated cones, which lie against one another with their circular area of smaller diameter - namely the diameter of the nozzle constriction 5.
  • This imaginary body contains the trajectories of the grains of the abrasive.
  • the individual pipe sections 6 and 8 are arranged one behind the other in such a way that an annular space 9 remains free.
  • the length of the space 9 is about 20% of the length of a single piece of pipe 6,7,8. This creates free spaces for articulated movement between the rigid pipe sections 6, 7, 8.
  • the total of ten pipe sections 6, 7, 8 are coated on the outside with a jacket 10, which ensures the relative arrangement of the individual pipe sections 6, 7, 8.
  • the jacket 10 merges in one piece into the feed line 1.
  • the material of the jacket 10 has the same elastic and resilient properties as the feed line 1.
  • the areas of the jacket 10 located outside the annular spaces 9 allow articulation between adjacent pipe sections 6, 7, 8 and thus form the articulated parts 11.
  • each Such a joint part 11 is limited in that the annular space 9 closes at one point when adjacent pipe sections 6, 7 abut one another.
  • the end edges of opposite pipe sections 6, 7, 8 are chamfered in such a way that the annular space 9 widens outward in a V-shape. As a result, the edges of small diameter initially come into contact with opposite pipe sections 6, 7, 8 at the maximum bending angle.
  • the annular spaces 9 form a discontinuity and thus interfere with the passage of the air stream loaded with the abrasive, but they enable the joint parts 11, which are formed from a relatively inexpensive and less abrasion-resistant material, to lie in the shadow areas of the air stream and thus are largely protected from the abrasive effect of the abrasive.
  • the annular spaces 9 fill more or less with grains of the blasting agent as deposits 12; these deposits 12 of the blasting agent protect the joint parts 11 of the jacket 10 against directly impacting, fast-flying granules of the blasting agent.
  • the tube pieces 6 of the constriction area 3 are designed as conical jacket rings converging in the direction of flight (arrow 13).
  • the pipe sections 8 of the expansion area 4 are conical casing rings.
  • the pipe section 7, in which the nozzle constriction 5 is formed, is both a part of the constriction area 3 and a part of the expansion area 4 and accordingly consists of a conically narrowing conical jacket ring and a conically expanding conical jacket ring.
  • the pipe sections 6, 7, 8 are made of a very abrasion-resistant material.
  • the jacket 10 is connected in a suitable manner to the outer walls of the pipe sections 6, 7; for example, it has shrunk.
  • the jacket 10 in particular its hinge parts 11, it may be advisable to arrange short coil springs between the individual pipe sections 6, 7, 8, which push the adjacent pipe sections 6, 7, 8 apart and thereby always keep the entire nozzle area 2 in its straight line Press shape.
  • the feed line 1 is shrunk onto the first pipe section 6, as seen in the direction of flight - (arrow 13) - of the grains of the blasting medium, so that the transition area between the feed line 1 and the nozzle area 2 is as smooth as possible and therefore practically does not affect the air flow.
  • the individual pipe sections 6 of the nozzle area 2 according to FIG. 2, which has only one constriction area 3, are connected to one another via joint parts 14 designed as bellows.
  • the joint parts 14, which are designed in particular as metallic bellows, have a certain spring characteristic, so that the straight shape shown is obtained when the nozzle region 2 is in the rest position.
  • the inlet ends 15 of the pipe sections 6 are rounded on the inside, so that when the joint parts 14 bend, there are no sharp edges opposite the air flow.
  • the joint parts 11 and 14 are each located outside the actual path of the flying abrasive grains. This is when choosing the Material for the joint parts 11, 14 only the elasticity or resilience, but not the abrasion resistance is decisive. Rather, it is to be regarded as a particular advantage of these two exemplary embodiments that the two mechanical functions - flexibility and abrasion resistance - are separated from one another.
  • the joint part 16 in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 comes into direct contact with the accelerated abrasive and must therefore be made of an abrasion-resistant material at least in the area of these contact points.
  • the joint part 16 is designed as a ball joint and is composed of a spherical body 17 with an inner passage 18, of spherical shells 19 on the adjacent tube pieces 6 and of a capsule 20.
  • the spherical body 17 forms the innermost part of this arrangement, its inner passage 18 narrows towards the center of the ball approximately diabolically and has two openings 21.
  • the diameter of the mouths 22 is - as will be explained later - so matched with the maximum swivel angle of each individual pipe section 6 and the diameter of the opening 21 that the mouth 22 can never be outside the opening 21.
  • the right pipe section 6 in FIG. 3 is deflected as far down as possible, the left pipe section 6 is in its central position.
  • An angle limitation is achieved in that the front outer surfaces of the spherical shell 19 abut against an impact 23 of the capsule 20.
  • the capsule 20 has holding areas 24 which press the spherical shells 19 against the spherical body 17 and thereby hold the joint part 16 together.
  • the total length of the constriction area 3 of a blasting device according to the invention is approximately 50 to 100 cm. Together with an expansion area 4 according to the invention, which is approximately two and a half times longer, the entire nozzle area 2 thus has a considerable length of approximately 1.75 m to 3.50 m. Such long nozzle areas 2 can, however, be handled if, as proposed here, they are designed in the manner of a polygon.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Appareil à grenailler, particulièrement destiné au grenaillage à air comprimé, équipé d'une conduite d'amenée (1) à section intérieure essentiellement constante, pouvant être raccordée, côté entrée, à la source d'un mélange composé d'air porteur comprimé et d'un agent de grenaillage, ainsi que d'une buse de grenaillage (2) pouvant être raccordée, côté sortie, à la conduite d'amenée (1), dans lequel la buse de grenaillage (2) présente une zone d'étranglement (3) allongée, se rétrécissant au départ de la section intérieure de la conduite d'amenée (1) pour former un goulot de buse (5) ainsi que, le cas échéant, une zone d'élargissement (4) se raccordant à la zone d'étranglement (3) de la buse, et composé, au moins partiellement, de plusieurs tronçons de tubes (6, 7, 8) rigides et de préférence rectilignes, reliés les uns aux autres, et dans lequel les volumes intérieurs des tronçons de tubes (6, 7, 8) constituent un corps qui, de par sa conception, se rétrécit ou s'élargit le cas échéant, caractérisé en ce que les tronçons de tubes (6, 7, 8) sont séparés par des espaces intermédiaires annulaires (9) et sont reliés entre eux via des éléments articulés (11,14,16) de manière à réaliser un tracé polygonal et en ce que les éléments articulés (11, 14, 16) sont disposés radialement en dehors du corps ainsi conçu, au droit des espaces intermédiaires annulaires (9).
2. Appareil à grenailler selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la zone d'élargissement (4) présente une longueur égale à deux ou trois fois, de préférence deux fois et demi, la longueur de la zone d'étranglement (3).
3. Appareil à grenailler selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la zone d'élargissement (4) est essentiellement conçue de manière uniformément divergente, en particulier conique- ment divergente.
4. Appareil à grenailler selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces intérieures des éléments articulés (16) sont disposées à proximité des lignes de fuite des grains de l'agent de grenaillage et en ce qu'au moins les surfaces intérieures des éléments articulés (16) se composent d'un matériau résistant à l'abrasion.
5. Appareil à grenailler selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que chaque élément articulé (16) présente un corps sphérique (17) à passage intérieur (18) et des coussinets sphériques (19) fixés aux tronçons de tubes contigus (6) et que, lorsque la buse de grenaillage est en position d'extension, le passage intérieur (18) du corps sphérique (17) se situe dans le prolongement des ouvertures (22) pratiquées dans les coussinets sphériques (19).
6. Appareil à grenailler selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre des orifices (21) du passage intérieur (18) du corps sphérique (17) est égal à la somme du diamètre de l'ouverture (22) pratiquée dans les coussinets sphériques (19) et de la longueur mesurée au fond du corps sphérique (17) lorsqu'un tronçon de tube (6) est fléchi à son angle maximum.
7. Appareil à grenailler selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les éléments articulés (11, 14, 16) sont dotés d'un dispositif destiné à limiter l'angle de flexion, en particulier une butée (23).
8. Appareil à grenailler selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les extrémités des tronçons de tubes (6, 7, 8) situées à l'entrée des grains de l'agent de grenaillage - vu dans le sens de l'écoulement - sont conçues de manière à mieux résister à l'abrasion.
EP82106144A 1981-07-09 1982-07-09 Appareil à jet, en particulier pour le traitement par jet d'abrasif à air comprimé Expired EP0070002B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82106144T ATE16083T1 (de) 1981-07-09 1982-07-09 Strahlgeraet, insbesondere fuer das druckluftstrahlen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813127074 DE3127074A1 (de) 1981-07-09 1981-07-09 Strahlgeraet, insbesondere fuer das druckluftstrahlen
DE3127074 1982-07-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0070002A1 EP0070002A1 (fr) 1983-01-19
EP0070002B1 true EP0070002B1 (fr) 1985-10-16

Family

ID=6136470

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82106144A Expired EP0070002B1 (fr) 1981-07-09 1982-07-09 Appareil à jet, en particulier pour le traitement par jet d'abrasif à air comprimé

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0070002B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE16083T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3127074A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2579487B1 (fr) * 1985-03-26 1989-05-12 Canon Kk Appareil pour reguler l'ecoulement de particules fines
CA1272662A (fr) * 1985-03-26 1990-08-14 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Methode et dispositif de controle du debit de fines particules
US6851627B2 (en) 2001-07-31 2005-02-08 Flow International Corporation Multiple segment high pressure fluidjet nozzle and method of making the nozzle
DE202018002678U1 (de) * 2018-01-24 2018-09-06 Karlsruher Institut für Technologie Zweistoffdüse

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH131161A (de) * 1927-02-24 1929-01-31 Rhein Ruhr Maschinenvertrieb D Düse für Sandstrahlgebläse.
DE698841C (de) * 1939-01-01 1940-11-18 Fritz Seibel Mit Hartfutter ausgestattete, aus Ringteilen bestehende Strahlduese
US2583726A (en) * 1948-01-26 1952-01-29 Chalom Joseph Aaron Nozzle
GB722464A (en) * 1952-08-11 1955-01-26 William Howard Mead Abrasive blasting nozzle
DE2052156A1 (fr) * 1970-10-23 1972-04-27
DE2843013A1 (de) * 1978-10-03 1980-04-10 Peiniger Ernst Gmbh Strahlgeraet fuer das druckluftstrahlen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE16083T1 (de) 1985-11-15
DE3266927D1 (en) 1985-11-21
DE3127074A1 (de) 1983-01-27
EP0070002A1 (fr) 1983-01-19

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