EP0068353A2 - Dispositif de broyage pour déchets - Google Patents

Dispositif de broyage pour déchets Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0068353A2
EP0068353A2 EP82105353A EP82105353A EP0068353A2 EP 0068353 A2 EP0068353 A2 EP 0068353A2 EP 82105353 A EP82105353 A EP 82105353A EP 82105353 A EP82105353 A EP 82105353A EP 0068353 A2 EP0068353 A2 EP 0068353A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sieve
plate
housing
centrifugal
knife
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82105353A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0068353A3 (en
EP0068353B1 (fr
Inventor
Kurt Rössler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6135500&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0068353(A2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT82105353T priority Critical patent/ATE22234T1/de
Publication of EP0068353A2 publication Critical patent/EP0068353A2/fr
Publication of EP0068353A3 publication Critical patent/EP0068353A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0068353B1 publication Critical patent/EP0068353B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/08—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers
    • B02C18/12—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers with drive arranged below container

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shredding device for waste in an embodiment according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • a known device of this type (DE-OS 24 32 603) is used for shredding paper and has in the lower region of the filling shaft a screen drum which coincides with the housing wall and which is surrounded by an annular outer air channel which opens into a retaining ring arranged outside the housing .
  • a receiving bag for shredded paper on the one hand and an air filter on the other hand is attached to this.
  • the radial sieve holes of the sieve drum hold paper filled into the filling shaft in the interior of the housing until they have been given a size suitable for passage through the sieve holes in the course of a shredding process.
  • rotating shredding tools are provided in the lower region of the filling shaft, which are fastened on the drive shaft which extends coaxially through the bottom of the housing and the sieve drum into the interior of the housing.
  • a radially protruding disk on which there are radially protruding fan blades and radially protruding knives, is first fastened to the drive shaft at a close distance above the bottom of the filling shaft.
  • a knife disc is attached to the drive shaft, the outside diameter of which corresponds to the inside diameter of the stationary screening drum.
  • this knife disk which is provided with inwardly directed slots approximately radially from the circumference of the knife disk, there is a second knife disk, which has the same training, but has a smaller diameter.
  • a wing knife is then arranged above this upper knife disk, which consists of two opposing flapping wings projecting approximately radially from the drive shaft.
  • shredding devices For the shredding of waste, namely more or less lumpy objects of greater strength and bulk, e.g. wood or wood-like waste, such as are produced in agricultural and forestry companies or in horticultural businesses, shredding devices are used which use waste knives to cut such waste into small ones Shatter pieces, which are then sent for further processing, such as use as fuel. Such devices are sensitive, are subject to considerable wear and tear, deliver very unevenly comminuted material and have only limited performance with considerable construction and drive effort.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a structurally simple comminution device which is inexpensive to purchase and operate and with which wood and wood-like waste from forestry and agriculture, horticulture and wood-processing small businesses are reliably and relatively uniformly comminuted can be.
  • branches and roots, shrubs and woody parts, straw and smaller pieces of solid wood waste can be processed into finely divided comminution material, which is limited in terms of its degree of comminution and offers a relatively high degree of comminution in the comminution.
  • the comminution device based on one according to the preamble of claim 1, is characterized by the features specified in the characterizing part of patent claim 1. With regard to further essential configurations, reference is made to the subclaims.
  • the comminution device with its combined sieve and centrifuge plate rotating as the bottom end of the filling chute, implements a comminution principle which turns away from all known and consists in the fact that the material to be comminuted in the filling duct above the sieve and centrifugal plate in cooperation with it the wall of the housing is set in a constant circulating movement, in which the parts to be shredded cover a kind of drum-shaped circulating path, ie are moved radially outward above the sieve and centrifuge plate, carry out an upward movement along the housing wall and then return in an inward and then downward movement to the inside of the filling shaft and hit the sieve and centrifugal plate again.
  • This movement which is loop-shaped in cross-section, is overlaid by a circumferential movement, and this circulation, in which the objects to be shredded constantly rub against one another and collide with one another, brings about a shredding of the objects by interaction between these objects until a particle size is reached which can pass through the sieve holes in the sieve and centrifuge plate are permitted. As soon as sufficient comminuted particles have passed the sieve holes downwards, they are thrown out directly through the discharge opening, if necessary also with the help of an air stream that forms through the filling shaft and the sieve and centrifugal plate and through the discharge opening.
  • the combined sieve and centrifuge plate serves essentially in addition to the classification of the shredded material as a movement drive for the.
  • Filling shaft located to be comminuted, which then undergoes its comminution in the manner described above by mutual interaction during the circulation.
  • the comminution device comprises a housing 1 which is circular in cross section and, in the exemplary embodiment shown, cylindrical, which delimits an upright filling shaft which is accessible from above and has a base 2 as the lower end of the housing interior.
  • the housing also came, for. B. have the shape of an upwardly slightly diverging or converging circular truncated cone.
  • the housing can also be provided with a conical indentation in its lower region. This indentation forms a conical pocket through which something in the lower container region closes crushing material is increasingly pressed down on the outer circumference.
  • the crushing device can be set up on any floor surface via a base frame 3.
  • a coaxial bearing device 4 for storage for storage a drive shaft 5, which extends centrally into the interior of the housing and is provided at its lower end, for example with a pulley 11, via which the drive shaft 5 receives its rotary movement from a drive motor, not shown.
  • a plate-shaped tool 6 in the form of a combined sieve and centrifugal plate is fastened.
  • This sieve and centrifugal plate 6 has a closed circular peripheral edge and a diameter which corresponds essentially to the diameter of the housing at the level of the sieve and centrifugal plate 6, so that the peripheral edge with the housing has an edge gap sealed against the passage of material to be shredded / limited.
  • the sieve and centrifugal plate 6 is provided with axial sieve holes 8, which are only shown in regions in the drawing. These sieve holes 8 can have a circular cross section, but instead also have an oval shape or the like, and have a diameter or a maximum dimension which corresponds to the desired maximum particle size of comminuted material.
  • the sieve and centrifugal plate is advantageously provided with sieve holes 8 in the area of its entire working surface facing the filling shaft, which can be arranged evenly distributed over the working surface.
  • it is also possible to provide a non-uniform distribution of the sieve holes in the work surface for example in order to concentrate the sieve holes 8 in areas in which the sieve is in operation when the shredding device is in operation effect increases.
  • the sieve holes can be distributed in such a way that the distance between adjacent sieve holes 8 in the working surface of the sieve and centrifugal plate decreases from the inside outwards towards the peripheral edge, resulting in a concentration of sieve holes in the outer region of the sieve and centrifugal plate 6 .
  • the working surface of the sieve and centrifugal plate 6 is essentially an annular surface, after which in the middle region of the sieve and centrifugal plate an upwardly projecting guide cone 10 is placed thereon, the meaning of which will be discussed further below.
  • the sieve and spin plate 6 forms a flat, circular horizontal plate.
  • the sieve and spin plate 6 it is also possible to deviate from this shape, which is particularly simple in terms of construction and inexpensive, and to give the sieve and spin plate 6 a shape in which the work surface is slightly conical with a cone tip pointing upwards or downwards, concave or convex arched or in the form of a ring step is stepped outside.
  • Conveyor vanes 7 are arranged under the sieve and centrifugal plate 6, which circulate in the annular space between the underside of the sieve and centrifugal plate 6 and the bottom 2 of the housing 1 as centrifugal and blower vanes. These conveying vanes 7 are connected to the underside of the sieve and centrifugal plate and form approximately radially oriented stiffeners for the latter. It is understood that in the connection area between the sieve and centrifugal plate 6 and the conveyor vanes 7 the former is not provided with sieve holes 8.
  • a discharge opening 12 which. is formed by the mouth of a nozzle 13 connected tangentially to the housing 1.
  • a conveyor line can be connected, in which a conveyor fan is switched on.
  • Such a conveying fan forces an air flow from top to bottom through the filling shaft in the housing 1, through the sieve and centrifugal plate 6 and through the nozzle 13 to a collecting container for comminuted material, but such an air flow is already formed solely by the with its conveyor blades 7 rotating sieve and centrifugal plate 6, so that an additional conveyor fan can also be omitted.
  • the housing 1 is provided with a bulge, which is associated with a magnet 16 for separating magnetic parts, such as nails or the like, as they can occasionally get into the filling shaft as part of wood waste
  • This bulge provides a slightly curved inner cover 15 which extends in the direction of rotation approximately to the center of the magnet 1.6.
  • the sieve and centrifugal plate 6 On its upper side, the sieve and centrifugal plate 6 is provided with at least one driver cam 17 in the region of its peripheral edge.
  • the sieve and centrifugal plate 6 carries two diametrically arranged driver cams 17, and the driver cam (s) can have a radial front face 18, which, as shown, is inclined backwards inward in the direction of rotation and which can also be equipped with a cutting edge.
  • a blunt front side on the flat driving cam 17 is sufficient, since this has the primary task of amplifying the conveying movements on the material to be shredded and causing impact effects.
  • one or more flat knives 14, 19 can also be placed eccentrically on the top of the sieve and centrifugal plate 6, which in many cases are too comminuting goods are in themselves unnecessary, but also a performance-enhancing effect for these; unfold.
  • flat knives 14, 19 are preferably used in pairs with a diametrical mutual arrangement.
  • the flat knives 14 are designed as piercing knives.
  • the piercing fingers 22 of such flat knives 14 have on their front end in the direction of rotation 24 of the sieve and centrifugal plate 6 front cutting edges 23 at a distance above the working surface of the sieve and centrifugal plate, to which an underside is inserted drawn chip groove 25 connects.
  • the wedge-shaped pricking fingers 22 corresponding to them in a side view start in a comb shape from a closed knife back 26 facing away from the direction of rotation 24 and delimit between them free spaces 27 which extend down to the working surface of the sieve and centrifugal plate and in the area of the knife back 26 from one upward wedge-shaped rising end surface 28 are limited.
  • the width of the free spaces 27 between the piercing fingers 22 preferably corresponds at least essentially to the maximum sieve hole dimension.
  • the flat knives 19 can also be designed according to FIG. 4 as a flat circular disk, which has a circular cutting edge 20 which runs at a distance above the working surface of the sieve and centrifugal plate 6 has and between this and the work surface has a circumferential, tapered or inwardly curved chip groove 21.
  • comminuted material of the intended type is filled into the filling shaft of the housing 1, for example up to a 2/3 height of the filling shaft. If the sieve and centrifugal plate 6 is now set in rotation, the entire comminution material gradually reaches the trombone-shaped circulating movement described at the outset, namely by the centrifugal action of the sieve and centrifugal plate on the material coming into contact with it.
  • a hollow funnel is formed in the circulated material mass in the central region of the filling shaft, and the guide cone 10 ensures that no material is present in the central region of the sieve and centrifugal plate 6 can form collections that evade the circulation.
  • the comminuted material is comminuted by rubbing, beating and bumping against one another, the desired comminuting forces being increased by the impact effects of the driving cams 17.
  • the flat knives in turn contribute to pre-shredding in the case of the comminution goods which are already more difficult to process, so that such goods also enter the circulation circuit. Crushed pieces or particles that form during the self-comminution, the dimensions of which are less than the dimensions of the sieve holes 8, fall through or are pressed through the sieve holes 8 as soon as they strike the sieve and centrifugal plate 6 in the course of the circulating movements or glide over it.
  • the sieve holes 8 are freely selectable in shape and dimension in view of the desired degree of comminution, etc., can be formed by cylindrical or slightly tapered upward-extending bores and have edges at their transition into the working surface of the sieve and centrifugal plate, which in turn are in the Shredding and conveying drive senses act aggressively on the material to be shredded in the filling shaft.
  • the good particles passing down through the sieve holes 8 are directly grasped by the conveying vanes 7 and flung out through the discharge opening 12, their discharge being able to be supported by the air flow mentioned above.
  • the obtuse-angled guide cone 10 not only prevents material from accumulating in the central area, but also prevents planar pieces, etc., from being placed flat, so that such objects also always tip over get back into the working area of the flat knives 14 or 19 and experience a progressive shredding.
  • the obtuse-angled cone design also prevents objects from jamming between the guide cone 10 and the wall of the housing 1. In the event of congestion effects, objects can also be retained or pressed from the outside inwards, which are then guided upwards through the outer surface of the guide cone and be reintroduced into the good movement.
  • the piercing knife 14 strikes very precisely delimited pieces out of larger objects and is therefore particularly suitable for almost all breakable and cuttable comminution materials, especially since the free spaces favor breaking effects on machined objects that can be placed in the chip groove 25 under the piercing fingers 22.
  • the flat knives 19 in circular form offer a comparatively longer cutting edge and have a more cutting effect on certain lumpy comminution objects and, owing to their round shape, have a good penetration effect when passing through the circulated material flow. ⁇
  • the latter can also be composed of circular segments which are placed on the conveying vanes 7 as supporting skeletons and are individually connected to the conveying vanes 7, so that partial replacements are possible in the course of maintenance work.
  • two or more sieve and spin plates can be arranged coaxially one above the other.
  • the dimensions of the sieve holes can decrease from the uppermost to the lowest sieve and centrifugal plates.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
EP82105353A 1981-06-27 1982-06-18 Dispositif de broyage pour déchets Expired EP0068353B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82105353T ATE22234T1 (de) 1981-06-27 1982-06-18 Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung fuer abfaelle.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3125309 1981-06-27
DE3125309A DE3125309C2 (de) 1981-06-27 1981-06-27 Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung für Abfälle

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0068353A2 true EP0068353A2 (fr) 1983-01-05
EP0068353A3 EP0068353A3 (en) 1984-07-04
EP0068353B1 EP0068353B1 (fr) 1986-09-17

Family

ID=6135500

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82105353A Expired EP0068353B1 (fr) 1981-06-27 1982-06-18 Dispositif de broyage pour déchets

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4520964A (fr)
EP (1) EP0068353B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS586250A (fr)
AT (1) ATE22234T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1187851A (fr)
DE (2) DE3125309C2 (fr)
DK (1) DK258882A (fr)
NO (1) NO156398C (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0630686A1 (fr) * 1993-03-29 1994-12-28 STEINMAX WERKZEUGE GmbH Dispositif de broyage pour déchets de jardin

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4629132A (en) * 1985-05-16 1986-12-16 Bricker Products, Inc. Shredder attachment for a food processor
US5004167A (en) * 1989-11-29 1991-04-02 Mcgee Dwight H Pneumatic grinding mill
US5186402A (en) * 1992-01-21 1993-02-16 Lin Yung Jyi Injection needle disposal device
US20070001039A1 (en) * 2005-06-29 2007-01-04 Joachim Steinbeck Comminution mill
JP2008237941A (ja) * 2005-07-08 2008-10-09 Technical Kiko Kk 破砕装置
WO2007046726A1 (fr) * 2005-10-21 2007-04-26 Actec Llc Procede de transformation de dechets de bois provenant du traitement mecanique de bois
AT508925B1 (de) * 2010-01-14 2011-05-15 Erema Läuferscheibe

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE543351A (fr) *
FR1078252A (fr) * 1953-04-02 1954-11-17 Bucher Guyer Ag Masch Moulin à découper, en particulier pour le broyage d'aliments pour le bétail
US3426673A (en) * 1951-01-28 1969-02-11 Sfm Corp Method and apparatus for processing waste material
US3528617A (en) * 1968-02-09 1970-09-15 Ellis Franklin Trevathan Rotary comminutor with crowder feeder
FR2276948A1 (fr) * 1974-07-06 1976-01-30 Gerhard Husmann Appareil de dechiquetage de papier ou analogue
US4216919A (en) * 1979-04-11 1980-08-12 Trevathan Ellis F Machine for comminuting clay stock
EP0022537A1 (fr) * 1979-07-14 1981-01-21 Osnabrücker Metallwerke J. Kampschulte GmbH & Co. KG Machine pour le broyage d'objets encombrants
GB2057294A (en) * 1979-08-29 1981-04-01 Crones & Co Ohg Kaltpresswerk Motor-driven shredding apparatus particularly for garden waste

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2552933A (en) * 1947-01-28 1951-05-15 Snow Cones Inc Ice shaving machine
US2852199A (en) * 1954-07-02 1958-09-16 Frederick J Holzer Food waste disposer
US3014671A (en) * 1959-05-21 1961-12-26 In Sink Erator Mfg Company Waste disposer apparatus
US3480213A (en) * 1965-07-12 1969-11-25 Gruendler Crusher & Pulverizer Vertical shredders
FR2200759A5 (fr) * 1972-09-26 1974-04-19 Derouineau Rene
JPS5830267Y2 (ja) * 1977-07-28 1983-07-04 松下電器産業株式会社 磁気記録再生装置
SU772583A1 (ru) * 1979-04-23 1980-10-23 Предприятие П/Я Р-6768 Устройство дл переработки отходов пластмасс

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE543351A (fr) *
US3426673A (en) * 1951-01-28 1969-02-11 Sfm Corp Method and apparatus for processing waste material
FR1078252A (fr) * 1953-04-02 1954-11-17 Bucher Guyer Ag Masch Moulin à découper, en particulier pour le broyage d'aliments pour le bétail
US3528617A (en) * 1968-02-09 1970-09-15 Ellis Franklin Trevathan Rotary comminutor with crowder feeder
FR2276948A1 (fr) * 1974-07-06 1976-01-30 Gerhard Husmann Appareil de dechiquetage de papier ou analogue
US4216919A (en) * 1979-04-11 1980-08-12 Trevathan Ellis F Machine for comminuting clay stock
EP0022537A1 (fr) * 1979-07-14 1981-01-21 Osnabrücker Metallwerke J. Kampschulte GmbH & Co. KG Machine pour le broyage d'objets encombrants
GB2057294A (en) * 1979-08-29 1981-04-01 Crones & Co Ohg Kaltpresswerk Motor-driven shredding apparatus particularly for garden waste

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0630686A1 (fr) * 1993-03-29 1994-12-28 STEINMAX WERKZEUGE GmbH Dispositif de broyage pour déchets de jardin

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3125309A1 (de) 1983-01-13
US4520964A (en) 1985-06-04
ATE22234T1 (de) 1986-10-15
DE3273318D1 (en) 1986-10-23
NO156398C (no) 1987-09-16
EP0068353A3 (en) 1984-07-04
EP0068353B1 (fr) 1986-09-17
JPS586250A (ja) 1983-01-13
NO822059L (no) 1982-12-28
CA1187851A (fr) 1985-05-28
DK258882A (da) 1982-12-28
NO156398B (no) 1987-06-09
JPS6224133B2 (fr) 1987-05-27
DE3125309C2 (de) 1986-07-24

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