EP0068187A2 - Support d'enregistrement pour l'électrophotographie - Google Patents

Support d'enregistrement pour l'électrophotographie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0068187A2
EP0068187A2 EP82104975A EP82104975A EP0068187A2 EP 0068187 A2 EP0068187 A2 EP 0068187A2 EP 82104975 A EP82104975 A EP 82104975A EP 82104975 A EP82104975 A EP 82104975A EP 0068187 A2 EP0068187 A2 EP 0068187A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tellurium
selenium
ppm
drum
arsenic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82104975A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0068187B1 (fr
EP0068187A3 (en
Inventor
Kurt Dr. Elsässer
Helmut Ebner
Armin Dr. Baumgärtner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Lucent Deutschland AG
Alcatel Lucent NV
Original Assignee
Alcatel SEL AG
Standard Elektrik Lorenz AG
Alcatel NV
International Standard Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
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Application filed by Alcatel SEL AG, Standard Elektrik Lorenz AG, Alcatel NV, International Standard Electric Corp filed Critical Alcatel SEL AG
Publication of EP0068187A2 publication Critical patent/EP0068187A2/fr
Publication of EP0068187A3 publication Critical patent/EP0068187A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0068187B1 publication Critical patent/EP0068187B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
    • G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
    • G03G5/08—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being inorganic
    • G03G5/082—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being inorganic and not being incorporated in a bonding material, e.g. vacuum deposited
    • G03G5/08207—Selenium-based

Definitions

  • the invention relates to recording media for electrophotography with a metallic substrate and a photosensitive selenium-tellurium alloy layer deposited thereon.
  • Such recording media are e.g. used in photocopiers.
  • the recording medium is usually designed as a coated aluminum drum, i.e. in this case the aluminum drum forms the metallic substrate for the photosensitive selenium-tellurium alloy layer.
  • Selenium is preferably used for the photosensitive layers of recording media since it has good photoconductive properties but poor conductivity in the dark. Both properties are important for the workflow of photocopiers or other devices that work with photoelectric recording media. This is because the recording medium is initially charged on its surface in the dark. When using selenium, positive charging takes place. Because of the low dark conductivity of selenium, this charge remains for a long time. When imaging with image information, pairs of charge carriers are then generated in the selenium, which lead to the surface being partially discharged. The waiter Surface charge image is developed with a toner and the image thus held on the recording medium is transferred to paper or another recording end medium. The surface charge pattern of the recording medium is then removed by exposing its entire surface and toner still present on the surface is wiped off. Then the record carrier is available for a new loading and thus a new copying process.
  • a disadvantage of selenium as a photoelectric material for recording media is its low sensitivity to red.
  • tellurium is added to the selenium, in amounts between about 5 - 30%.
  • Below 5% tellurium in selenium there is only a practically barely usable increase in red sensitivity and at more than 30% tellurium the increase in dark conductivity due to the tellurium alloyed with selenium is disadvantageous.
  • the surface charge is usually applied to the recording medium by means of a corona discharge.
  • a corona discharge For example, there is a voltage of 6 kV between the recording medium and the corona.
  • the record carrier is a coated aluminum drum that rotates at 60 rpm the drum is charged to 1000 V during the first revolution. If the drum is now unloaded before each end of rotation and then reloaded and this is carried out in 200 consecutive cycles, it can be seen that the drum is only charged to 800 V during the 200th cycle. If the potential is measured after exposure with a lux second, this drops from initially around 500 V to only 350 V in the 200th cycle. This voltage drop means that the display of gray levels deteriorates from cycle to cycle. In order to return to the original voltage values after charging, a pause of several minutes is required during which the recording medium is not subjected to any exposure or charging.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a recording medium for electrophotography with a metallic substrate and a photosensitive selenium-tellurium alloy layer deposited thereon with at least 5% tellurium, the charging voltages in the dark or after an identical exposure even after several 100 consecutive work cycles deviates less from the initial value than with previously used recording media.
  • a record carrier of the type mentioned above has a selenium-tellurium alloy layer which contains 10-5000 ppm of a metallic element of the fifth main group.
  • metallic elements arsenic, antimony or bismuth are possible. The addition of such elements has exactly the required effect, namely that there is no drop in charging voltages even after many successive working cycles.
  • a halogen is preferably added to the selenium-tellurium alloy layer, which contains a metallic element of the fifth main group, which causes a lowering of legal potential in a known manner.
  • the halogen doping is approximately between 10-100 ppm, preferably between 20-30 ppm when using approximately 20-50 ppm arsenic. With higher arsenic doping, the halogen content should also be increased.
  • the present invention made use of the knowledge that by adding small amounts in the range of 10 - 5000 ppm of a metallic element of the fifth main group to form a selenium-tellurium alloy layer, the charging potential of which can be stabilized in rapidly successive working cycles.
  • a recording medium has a selenium-tellurium alloy layer with 15% tellurium, 40 ppm arsenic and 40 ppm chlorine.
  • the production of such a recording medium and its properties are explained below.
  • the manufacturing example applies accordingly to recording media in which the selenium-tellurium alloy layer is doped with antimony or bismuth, which is physically and chemically very similar instead of arsenic.
  • the production example relates to an aluminum drum provided with a photosensitive layer, as is used in photocopiers.
  • the aluminum drum typically has a diameter of approximately 120 mm and a length of approximately 300 mm. It is degreased in a trichlorethylene bath under the influence of ultrasound and cleaned of dirt particles. Then it is rotatably attached in a vacuum vessel, which is evacuated to about 10 -4 Torr. By a glow discharge on the drum 50 is - 70 ° C, typically 55 0 C, heated and maintained at that temperature throughout the evaporation of the photosensitive layer. Under the aluminum drum there is a distance of about 40 - 50 mm Molybdenum boat arranged in about the length of the aluminum drum, in which the substance to be evaporated is heated to about 250 ° C.
  • the evaporating substance is a selenium-tellurium alloy with 15% tellurium, 40 ppm arsenic and 40 ppm chlorine.
  • selenium-tellurium alloy with the doped metallic element of the fifth main group and the doped halogen is evaporated quantitatively and is quantitatively deposited on the aluminum drum.
  • the quantities stated in the previous description and the patent claims relate strictly to the quantitative ratio of the elements in the alloy to be evaporated. Since no differences in the quantitative ratios of the individual elements between the substance to be evaporated and the vapor-deposited substance could be determined, the quantitative ratios are always the same.
  • the doped selenium-tellurium alloy, which is the starting point, is in the form of fine granules.
  • the figure shows the charging voltages of a drum produced in this way and a previously known photocopy drum with 7.5% tellurium in selenium and 20 ppm chlorine, without the addition of arsenic, over the number of directly successive working cycles.
  • the drums were each mounted in a photocopier and operated at a rotational speed of 60 rpm. There was a voltage of 6 kV between the photocopy drum and a surface charge generating corona. The drum was unloaded again during each working cycle. In the case of modified test conditions, a certain amount of light was first exposed before unloading.
  • the tension between drum and earth was measured after one work cycle, after ten, after fifty, one hundred and two hundred work cycles.
  • the measured values obtained with the conventional photocopy drum are shown as circles and the extrapolated measurement curve as a dashed line.
  • the measured values obtained with the improved photocopy drum are shown as crosses and the associated extrapolated measurement curve is shown as a solid line.
  • the top two curves are labeled O and O '. This is to indicate that the work was carried out without any exposure, so that only one loading and unloading of the drums took place in each working cycle. It can be seen from the measurement curve O 'for the conventional drum that the voltage drops from approx. 1000 V in the first work cycle to approx. 800 V after 200 work cycles. Only after a pause of several minutes will 1000 V be reached again in a first cycle. In contrast, the measured values of the improved drum are considerably more stable. From the measurement curve O it can be seen that the voltage from the beginning also about 1000 V to about 1070 V. increases after the 200th working cycle. Thus, while a drop in tension of 20% is noted in the conventional drum, the improved drum coated with an arsenic-doped selenium-tellurium alloy shows a rise in tension of about 7%.
  • the measurement curves 1 and 1 'entered under the two measurement curves O and O' relate to measurements in which the drums were exposed to one lux second in each revolution.
  • the stabilization of the drum tensions by using arsenic-doped selenium-tellurium alloys also results in an increase in the tension value.
  • measurement curve 1 for the improved drum for voltages after one cycle and after 200 cycles shows approximately 650 and approximately 690 V.
  • the measurement curve 1 'for the conventional drum results in approximately 490 or 350 V.
  • the lower voltage values in the conventional drum from the outset, which additionally decrease with each further cycle, have the consequence that medium gray levels are displayed considerably worse can, as is the case with an improved drum.
  • the bottom curve 2 2 'shown, which runs at approximately 25 V, represents the residual potential of the drums that is achieved when the drum is exposed to at least approximately 2 lux seconds.
  • the residual potentials are approximately the same for the improved and the conventional drum.
  • there is a measurement curve 1.8 for the improved drum and a measurement curve 1.8 'for the conventional drum both roughly independent of the drum type and independent of the number of cycles Show 150 V.
  • a metallic substrate in the form of an aluminum drum as used in photocopiers.
  • a metallic substrate in the form of a drum or e.g. a plane or any other shape of the substrate is used.
  • aluminum instead of aluminum, other metallic substrates can also be used.
  • the improvement achieved is particularly advantageous in the stabilization of the charging voltages in photocopy drums which are used in photocopiers with a wet toner and / or a plastic friction element for cleaning wiping off the toner remaining on the drum.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
EP82104975A 1981-06-13 1982-06-07 Support d'enregistrement pour l'électrophotographie Expired EP0068187B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3123608 1981-06-13
DE3123608A DE3123608C2 (de) 1981-06-13 1981-06-13 Elektrofotografisches Aufzeichnungsmaterial

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0068187A2 true EP0068187A2 (fr) 1983-01-05
EP0068187A3 EP0068187A3 (en) 1983-03-16
EP0068187B1 EP0068187B1 (fr) 1987-05-20

Family

ID=6134705

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82104975A Expired EP0068187B1 (fr) 1981-06-13 1982-06-07 Support d'enregistrement pour l'électrophotographie

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4415642A (fr)
EP (1) EP0068187B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5816245A (fr)
DE (2) DE3123608C2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1984004824A1 (fr) * 1983-05-31 1984-12-06 Storage Technology Corp Structure d'enregistrement optique impliquant une reaction chimique in situ dans la structure active
JPS60102642A (ja) * 1983-11-10 1985-06-06 Nippon Mining Co Ltd 電子写真用セレン或いはセレン合金蒸着膜とその製造方法
JPH0221289A (ja) * 1988-07-09 1990-01-24 Tokyo Gas Co Ltd 埋設管の検知方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3312548A (en) * 1963-07-08 1967-04-04 Xerox Corp Xerographic plates
DE2616148A1 (de) * 1975-04-16 1976-10-28 Hitachi Ltd Photoleitende schichten
DE2553825A1 (de) * 1975-11-29 1977-06-08 Licentia Gmbh Verfahren zum herstellen eines elektrophotographischen aufzeichnungsmaterials
DE2733187A1 (de) * 1976-07-23 1978-01-26 Ricoh Kk Photoempfindliches material auf selenbasis fuer die elektrophotographie
DE2718157A1 (de) * 1977-04-23 1978-11-02 Licentia Gmbh Verfahren zum herstellen eines elektrophotographischen aufzeichnungsmaterials

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1302416A (fr) * 1969-01-22 1973-01-10
DE2248054B2 (de) * 1972-09-30 1974-12-12 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Elektrophotographisches Aufzeichnungsmaterial
JPS5529595B2 (fr) * 1974-06-03 1980-08-05
DE2615624C2 (de) * 1975-04-28 1986-01-23 Xerox Corp., Rochester, N.Y. Elektrophotographisches Aufzeichnungsmaterial
DE2553826C3 (de) * 1975-11-29 1979-04-05 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zum Herstellen eines elektrophotographischen Aufzeichnungsmaterials
JPS5840733B2 (ja) * 1978-02-02 1983-09-07 新電元工業株式会社 電子写真用感光体

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3312548A (en) * 1963-07-08 1967-04-04 Xerox Corp Xerographic plates
DE2616148A1 (de) * 1975-04-16 1976-10-28 Hitachi Ltd Photoleitende schichten
DE2553825A1 (de) * 1975-11-29 1977-06-08 Licentia Gmbh Verfahren zum herstellen eines elektrophotographischen aufzeichnungsmaterials
DE2733187A1 (de) * 1976-07-23 1978-01-26 Ricoh Kk Photoempfindliches material auf selenbasis fuer die elektrophotographie
DE2718157A1 (de) * 1977-04-23 1978-11-02 Licentia Gmbh Verfahren zum herstellen eines elektrophotographischen aufzeichnungsmaterials

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0068187B1 (fr) 1987-05-20
DE3123608C2 (de) 1985-01-10
DE3276395D1 (en) 1987-06-25
JPS5816245A (ja) 1983-01-29
DE3123608A1 (de) 1982-12-30
US4415642A (en) 1983-11-15
JPS6335978B2 (fr) 1988-07-18
EP0068187A3 (en) 1983-03-16

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