EP0060985B1 - Projectile tubulaire - Google Patents

Projectile tubulaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0060985B1
EP0060985B1 EP82100911A EP82100911A EP0060985B1 EP 0060985 B1 EP0060985 B1 EP 0060985B1 EP 82100911 A EP82100911 A EP 82100911A EP 82100911 A EP82100911 A EP 82100911A EP 0060985 B1 EP0060985 B1 EP 0060985B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
accordance
particles
breaking points
zone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82100911A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0060985A1 (fr
Inventor
Bernhard Bisping
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Industrie AG
Original Assignee
Rheinmetall GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rheinmetall GmbH filed Critical Rheinmetall GmbH
Publication of EP0060985A1 publication Critical patent/EP0060985A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0060985B1 publication Critical patent/EP0060985B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/32—Range-reducing or range-increasing arrangements; Fall-retarding means
    • F42B10/34—Tubular projectiles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a projectile according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • a projectile of the aforementioned type is known from DE-A No. 2712807. With a comparatively low air resistance, it has enough body mass to achieve an elongated trajectory to be covered at high speed in order to ensure a good penetration effect. These properties establish a certain suitability for use against flight targets, for example helicopters.
  • a disadvantage of the known projectile is that its target-side damage is essentially given by its penetration. Sensitive damage to vital equipment or parts of the target in question is largely a matter of chance, even with good penetration, and consequently requires long bursts of fire to achieve a sufficient probability of destruction.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a projectile of the type mentioned, which develops a greater harmful effect by bullet splintering in the target after the penetration.
  • the projectile according to the invention has gem. 1 and 2 a tubular projectile body 10 with a wall 12 on.
  • the projectile body 10 is delimited on the front by a front edge 14 and on the rear by an annular transom 16, between which a central bore 18 extends.
  • the latter is delimited on the circumferential side by an inner tube surface 20 which is radially adjacent to an outer tube surface 22.
  • Predetermined breaking points 24 are formed by cutouts 36 weakening the wall thickness in the region of the inner tube surface 20 with a boundary 26 remote from the axis and a boundary 28 close to the axis 22 is guaranteed.
  • the particles 44 advantageously, as will be explained below, consist of metals with pyrophoric properties.
  • the projectile body 10 has a guide band 40 on the outer tube surface 22, which is not described in detail.
  • the transom 16 and the adjoining area of the bore 18 serve as a receptacle 50 which, when the projectile body 10 is fired through a weapon barrel, closes the bore 18 on the rear side and forms part of a gas pressure receiving surface (not specified).
  • a projectile body 10 of a second projectile in the area of its outer surface 22 has recesses 36 designed as cutouts in order to achieve predetermined breaking points 24.
  • the depressions 36 are in turn filled with hardened plastic 42, which — as already discussed in connection with the first exemplary embodiment — includes metal particles 44 with pyrophoric properties.
  • the inner tube surface 20 of the bore 18 is machined directly from the material of the wall 12 of the projectile body 10.
  • a projectile body 10 of a third storey differs from that according to FIG. 3 only in the shape of the depressions 36, which in the present case have an essentially triangular cross section.
  • the projectile body of a fourth projectile has recesses 36 both in the area of its inner surface 20 of the bore 18 and in its pipe outer surface 22 to form predetermined breaking points.
  • the depressions 36 are rounded and are filled in the region of the tube outer surface 22 with plastic 42 enclosing metal particles 44 in such a way that a smooth tube outer surface 22 results.
  • the depressions 36 arranged in the region of the inner pipe surface 24 of the bore 18 are, just as in the example according to FIGS. 1 and 2, embedding metal particles 44 in addition to their filling Plastic 42 covered by an application layer 29.
  • the application layer 29 also consists of plastic 42, which includes metal particles 44.
  • the projectile body 10 shows the projectile body 10 of a fifth projectile.
  • the projectile body 10 consists of depleted uranium.
  • the projectile body 10 is guided in the direction of an arrow 46 past an electron beam source 52, which emits an electron beam 54 penetrating into the material of the projectile body 10. This results in weakened areas in the material structure, which act as predetermined breaking points 24.
  • the areas of weakened material structure in the wall 12 forming the predetermined breaking points 24 are represented by dashed straight lines (not shown), each lying on a radius. Since depleted uranium has pyrophoric properties, the recesses 36 known from the previous exemplary embodiments are unnecessary in the case of a projectile body according to FIGS. 6 and 7, so that both the tube outer surface 22 and the tube inner surface 20 remain in the original smooth state in the region of the bore 18.
  • FIGS. 8 to 11 show sections of the outer surfaces 22 of four further projectile bodies.
  • straight lines 30 are shown which run parallel to the longitudinal axis A of the projectile body.
  • the lines 30 indicate the course of depressions or regions of material structure weakened by electron beams (see FIGS. 6 and 7) in order to achieve the predetermined breaking points discussed above.
  • lines 32 form a respective angle with the longitudinal axis A of the floor in an easily recognizable manner. This results in a helical course, as is known, for example, from screw threads.
  • lines 32 run both right-handed and left-handed. In this way, the predetermined breaking points to be introduced delimit areas with a parallelogram-shaped plan and thereby lead to the formation of splinters, the shape of which is largely predetermined.
  • these crossing lines 34 are combined with left-handed lines 32.
  • Lines 34 cross the floor axis A at 90 °.
  • splinters that form are, as already discussed in connection with FIG. 10, largely given their shape.
  • Fig. 12 recognize tenth embodiment which is largely similar to the first according to Figs. 1 and 2.
  • the depressions 36 are formed as grooves with an essentially triangular cross section.
  • the enlarged representation shows that the metal particles 44 embedded in the plastic 42 can be seen both in the filling of the recess 36 and in the application layer 29.
  • the projectile body 10 When the projectile body 10 strikes a target, for example a helicopter, the projectile body 10 penetrates the helicopter tailgate. The twist of the projectile body 10 is suddenly considerably reduced, and as a result, there are tears in the predetermined breaking points 24 with a fragment cone which is dependent in particular on the type and arrangement of the predetermined breaking points 24, the final bullet speed and the residual twist. This increases the probability with every single shot that a vital part arranged behind the side wall in the interior of the helicopter is struck and the helicopter is thus put out of action or destroyed.
  • the projectile body 10 In order to achieve splinter formation even with the thinnest aircraft skins, the projectile body 10 has the smallest possible wall thickness. In order to avoid deformation in the weapon barrel when firing in the case of a projectile of this type, a wall thickness weakening in the wall area below the guide band 40 must be adapted to the relevant considerations of strength and requirements.
  • the plastic 42 includes at least one pyrophoric metal of different particle sizes and shapes. This can be, for example, zirconium, titanium or depleted uranium.
  • the metals mentioned can at least partially also be present as a metal sponge. It is important to ensure that its porosity is at least partially preserved, i.e. there is no continuous impregnation with the matrix.
  • a suitable material for the tubular projectile body 10 is a sintered alloy having a high tungsten content of at least 85% by weight with a binder phase, for example made of iron and nickel.
  • Depleted uranium is suitable as another high-density material; Since this material has a pyrophoric effect, the predetermined breaking points 24 are not identified by recesses in the wall 12, but by targeted structural weakening with the one already mentioned Realized electron radiation. Instead of electron beams, light beams from a laser can also be used.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Projectile à ailes annulaires sans fusée d'allumage comprenant un corps de projectile (10) tubulaire présentant une surface intérieure (20) et une surface extérieure (22) tubulaires pratiquement lisses, et une ceinture de guidage (40) placée sur la surface extérieure tubulaire (22), caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des zones de rupture (24), dans la zone de la surface intérieure tubulaire (20) et/ou de la surface extérieure tubulaire (22), qui s'étendent, dans la zone antérieure du corps de projectile (10), au moins jusqu'au voisinage de la ceinture (40).
2. Projectile selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que son corps (10) est constitué par un alliage fritté comportant une proportion de tungstène d'au moins 85% dans une phase de liant renfermant du nickel et du fer.
3. Projectile selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le corps de projectile (10) est constitué par de l'uranium appauvri.
4. Projectile selon l'une des revendications 1,2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que les zones de rupture (24) s'étendent suivant des droites (30) parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal (A) du projectile et/ou suivant des lignes (32, 34) qui font un angle avec l'axe longitudinal (A) du projectile.
5. Projectile selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les zones de rupture (24) sont formées par des zones dans lesquelles la structure de la matière, à l'intérieur de la paroi (12) du corps (10) du projectile, est affaiblie par rayonnement électronique.
6. Projectile selon l'une des revendications 1,2 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que les zones de rupture (24) sont formées par des creux (36) réduisant l'épaisseur de la paroi (12) qui, pour reconstituer un état lisse de la surface concernée, sont remplis de matière plastique durcie (42) qui renferme au moins un composant métallique, ce composant métallique étant constitué par du titane et/ou du zirconium et/ou de l'uranium appauvri.
7. Projectile selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le ou les composants métalliques sont présents sous forme de particules (44) de dimension variable.
8. Projectile selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les particules (44) sont constituées par des grains de poudre et/ou des éclats et/ou des copeaux.
9. Projectile selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les particules (44) se présentent sous une forme spongieuse.
10. Projectile selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que, lorsque les particules (44) se présentent sous forme de métal spongieux, leur porosité est largement conservée lorsqu'elles sont incorporées dans la matière plastique.
EP82100911A 1981-03-25 1982-02-09 Projectile tubulaire Expired EP0060985B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813111725 DE3111725A1 (de) 1981-03-25 1981-03-25 Zuenderloses ringfluegelgeschoss
DE3111725 1981-03-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0060985A1 EP0060985A1 (fr) 1982-09-29
EP0060985B1 true EP0060985B1 (fr) 1985-01-16

Family

ID=6128244

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82100911A Expired EP0060985B1 (fr) 1981-03-25 1982-02-09 Projectile tubulaire

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4495869A (fr)
EP (1) EP0060985B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3111725A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5157225A (en) * 1983-04-19 1992-10-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Controlled fragmentation warhead
SE441784B (sv) * 1984-04-02 1985-11-04 Bofors Ab Splitterbildande sprenggranatholje samt sett for att astadkomma detta genom ett pulvermetallurgiskt forfarande
DE3830527A1 (de) * 1988-09-08 1990-03-22 Diehl Gmbh & Co Projektilbildende einlage fuer hohlladungen und verfahren zum herstellen der einlage
DE3934148C1 (fr) * 1989-10-12 1991-01-03 Buck Werke Gmbh & Co, 7347 Bad Ueberkingen, De
IL97388A (en) * 1991-03-01 1998-02-08 Rafaelf Israel Ministry Of Def Missile propulsion system
US5187325A (en) * 1991-08-15 1993-02-16 Garvison Geary L Cylindrical bullet
DE19711344C2 (de) * 1997-03-18 1999-04-01 Rudolf Koeppen Hochgeschwindigkeits-Hohlzylindergeschoß mit integriertem Treibspiegel für Feuerwaffen
US6484642B1 (en) * 2000-11-02 2002-11-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Fragmentation warhead
US20090320711A1 (en) * 2004-11-29 2009-12-31 Lloyd Richard M Munition
GB2469099B (en) * 2009-04-01 2013-01-23 Chemring Energetics Uk Ltd Explosive charge
CN107218858A (zh) * 2017-06-09 2017-09-29 南京理工大学 一种新型防空空心弹

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US109600A (en) * 1870-11-29 Improvement in projectiles
US1303727A (en) * 1919-05-13 Process fob making shrapnel-shells
DE554538C (de) * 1926-06-13 1932-07-09 Elek Sche App M B H Ges Geschoss aus einer Wolfram-Nickel-Legierung
US2983224A (en) * 1958-01-30 1961-05-09 Stanley P Prosen Plastics sabot
US4112846A (en) * 1965-06-11 1978-09-12 Martin Marietta Aluminum Inc. Armor-piercing incendiary projectile
DE2126351C1 (de) * 1971-05-27 1978-04-27 Rheinmetall Gmbh, 4000 Duesseldorf Verfahren zur Herstellung von Hüllen für Geschosse, Gefechtsköpfe o.dgl
CA956179A (en) * 1971-06-17 1974-10-15 Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Minister Of National Defence Of Her Majesty's Canadian Government Tubular projectile
GB1398604A (en) * 1972-09-21 1975-06-25 Flatau A Munition projectiles
US4164904A (en) * 1973-11-16 1979-08-21 Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada, As Represented By The Minister Of National Defence Tubular projectile
US3946673A (en) * 1974-04-05 1976-03-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Pyrophoris penetrator
US3948180A (en) * 1975-03-17 1976-04-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Non-explosive shaped-charge follow-through projectile
IL51505A (en) * 1976-03-26 1983-10-31 Flatau Abraham Supersonic low drag tubular projectile
DE2642222C2 (de) * 1976-09-20 1983-11-10 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Drallstabilisiertes Ringgeschoß
SE407695B (sv) * 1977-08-31 1979-04-09 Bofors Ab Stridsdel av stal och sett att framstella den
US4212244A (en) * 1977-12-09 1980-07-15 Abraham Flatau Small arms ammunition
GB2021739B (en) * 1978-05-24 1982-04-28 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Spin-stabilised sabot projectile
DE2844870C2 (de) * 1978-10-14 1984-10-18 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Unterkalibriges Übungsgeschoß

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4495869A (en) 1985-01-29
DE3111725A1 (de) 1982-10-07
DE3261871D1 (en) 1985-02-28
EP0060985A1 (fr) 1982-09-29

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