EP0050794B1 - Transfer lacquer film and method of making it - Google Patents

Transfer lacquer film and method of making it Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0050794B1
EP0050794B1 EP81108299A EP81108299A EP0050794B1 EP 0050794 B1 EP0050794 B1 EP 0050794B1 EP 81108299 A EP81108299 A EP 81108299A EP 81108299 A EP81108299 A EP 81108299A EP 0050794 B1 EP0050794 B1 EP 0050794B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
lacquer
adhesive
transferable
film according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81108299A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0050794B2 (en
EP0050794A1 (en
Inventor
Hubertus Martinus De Vroom
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nordipa AG
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Nordipa AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Nordipa AG filed Critical Nordipa AG
Priority to AT81108299T priority Critical patent/ATE7461T1/en
Publication of EP0050794A1 publication Critical patent/EP0050794A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0050794B1 publication Critical patent/EP0050794B1/en
Publication of EP0050794B2 publication Critical patent/EP0050794B2/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/28—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by transfer from the surfaces of elements carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. brushes, pads, rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/16—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like
    • B44C1/165—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like for decalcomanias; sheet material therefor
    • B44C1/17—Dry transfer
    • B44C1/1733—Decalcomanias applied under pressure only, e.g. provided with a pressure sensitive adhesive
    • B44C1/1737—Decalcomanias provided with a particular decorative layer, e.g. specially adapted to allow the formation of a metallic or dyestuff on a substrate unsuitable for direct deposition
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
    • B44C1/16—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like
    • B44C1/165—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like for decalcomanias; sheet material therefor
    • B44C1/17—Dry transfer
    • B44C1/1733—Decalcomanias applied under pressure only, e.g. provided with a pressure sensitive adhesive
    • B44C1/1741—Decalcomanias provided with a layer being specially adapted to facilitate their release from a temporary carrier
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/914—Transfer or decalcomania
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24851—Intermediate layer is discontinuous or differential
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24851—Intermediate layer is discontinuous or differential
    • Y10T428/2486—Intermediate layer is discontinuous or differential with outer strippable or release layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/28—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and having an adhesive outermost layer
    • Y10T428/2839—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and having an adhesive outermost layer with release or antistick coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/28—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and having an adhesive outermost layer
    • Y10T428/2843—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and having an adhesive outermost layer including a primer layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/28—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and having an adhesive outermost layer
    • Y10T428/2848—Three or more layers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
    • Y10T428/31554—Next to second layer of polyamidoester
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31652—Of asbestos
    • Y10T428/31663—As siloxane, silicone or silane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31801—Of wax or waxy material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a transferable lacquer film, consisting of a carrier film, a solution layer applied thereon, a color or lacquer layer and an adhesive layer.
  • a carrier film is provided on which a solution layer consisting of 23 parts of nitro-cellulose, 80 parts of solvent, 2 parts of plasticizer and 10 parts of alkyd resins is applied. After this solution layer has dried, a nitro-cellulose lacquer is applied to this layer, which in turn is provided with a customary pressure-sensitive adhesive after drying. As stated there, the lacquer film produced in this way can be cut out accordingly and brought with the adhesive side down over a damaged lacquer area on the motor vehicle and glued on under pressure. The carrier film is then peeled off. With this lacquer film, the underside of the lacquer layer is thus outside after the carrier has been pulled off, while the front is arranged below it.
  • tracing materials are also known (NL-PS 123 093), which consist of a transparent or transparent carrier film, on which characters can be traced by screen printing. Such signs are only suitable for indoor applications, such as for labeling drawings or advertising material.
  • the present invention has for its object to design and build a paint film of the type mentioned in such a way that there are no longer any restrictions with regard to the paints to be used and that, for example, original vehicle paints of any type are present as dry material, so that original paint repairs, but also Inscriptions can be made with original paint.
  • the invention consists in that a neutralizing layer with a wax-like consistency is applied to the solution layer. It has been shown that this is the only way to achieve complete freedom with regard to the paint to be applied.
  • the new film With the new film, the known paint touch-up with original paints, but also with two-component or stove enamels is possible, which was previously only possible by brushing or spraying and subsequent temperature treatment on the motor vehicle itself. So-called metallic paints, which depend on which layer is facing the viewer, can also be used.
  • the new paint film gives you the option of carrying a piece of original paint dry with you so that you can make repairs if necessary.
  • the solution layer is of the dimethylsiloxane type (silicone). Due to its apolar properties, this layer repels almost every layer applied to it. In order to nevertheless be able to apply a well adhering, continuous and smooth lacquer layer, a layer of Karnauba wax is advantageously provided as the neutralizing layer. This wax is expediently diluted to an extremely viscous substance using turpentine and then applied directly to the siloxane layer using a doctor blade.
  • the disadvantage of the dimethylsiloxane layer which is not suitable for directly absorbing a material layer in low-viscosity form due to the boundary layer stress that occurs, is avoided in a simple manner by the interposition of the neutralization layer.
  • the wax used consists of long and branched hydrocarbon chains with an average length of 30 carbon atoms, with a COOH (acid) group at some points on the chain.
  • the wax layer has a low cohesion and is therefore very thin.
  • the adhesion with the siloxane layer is sufficient, but low.
  • the new film provided with the wax-like neutralization layer can be used particularly advantageously and without any difficulty to produce a uniform, well-adhering lacquer layer if it is provided with an adhesive layer which is self-adhesive and when applied before the lacquer coating cures at normal temperatures, has a high level of adhesion to common surfaces such as metal and wood, and has a high degree of cohesion after curing.
  • This adhesive layer must be weatherproof and also resistant to UV radiation.
  • composition of this adhesive and neutralizing layer is matched to the composition of the lacquer layer and the silicone layer so that the neutralizing layer is dissolved by the solvent added to the adhesive, but without the adhesive coming into contact with the silicone layer in such a liquid form that the uniform layer formation is influenced by boundary layer stress effects.
  • the lacquer layer can then be applied properly to this adhesive layer.
  • an adhesive acrylic resin particularly useful because it has a relationship with the paint to be applied.
  • the adhesive layer is either sprayed onto the wax layer in the low-viscosity state or knife-coated in the higher-viscosity state.
  • the result is a transferable lacquer film which can be used particularly well for painting or touch-up work on motor vehicles or else on other parts.
  • a lacquer film which has been developed in this way has the advantage that the original lacquer is in solid film form and can be stored without damage after production, even at high temperatures, for example in the car in summer.
  • the adhesive layer does not dry out.
  • the silicone layer takes on the task of preserving this adhesive and also ensures that the lacquer and adhesive layers are pulled off the carrier film properly.
  • This carrier film can advantageously be constructed as a clear polyester film based on polyethylene terephthalate.
  • the carrier film must meet a number of conditions in order to be used for the lacquer film according to the invention. So the carrier film or the carrier film must have a very smooth surface. It should be resistant to the essentially aromatic solvents which are used in the other components of the transfer material or in its arrangement, it should be stable at the temperatures which are used in the lacquer drying or lacquer baking process, i.e. H. at temperatures between 100 ° C and 200 ° C. It has been shown that the polyester film mentioned fulfills these conditions. Such a film also has the advantages that original stoving lacquer can be applied, which consists of two components that react at 120 ° C. After about 20 minutes there is an optimal cross-linking between the two coating components. Large molecules have formed, which give the special advantages of the stove enamel. Until now, such a paint could only be applied to motor vehicles or the like using the customary paint touch-up methods.
  • a web-like carrier film is first provided on one side with the solution layer in a suitable device.
  • This carrier web is then provided on the coated side with the neutralization layer made of wax-like material.
  • This layer is then subjected to drying and only then are the further layers applied. It is possible, as already mentioned, to first apply an adhesive layer in liquid form to the neutralization layer and then to subject this layer to drying, after which the lacquer layer is applied.
  • This type of film has the advantage that a separate protective film does not have to be provided. Rather, the varnish itself takes on the task of a peelable layer which, after separation from the carrier film, can be glued directly onto the surface to be treated.
  • This has the advantage that the original lacquer layer which is otherwise only formed on the spot can now be applied by hand and in a dry process; a method which of course has considerable advantages with regard to the duration of the repair or painting treatment, as well as advantages of another type. It is clear that the thinning mist which is otherwise customary in the spraying process is completely eliminated with such handling, so that the new method is very environmentally friendly.
  • the lacquer film produced in the second way in which the adhesive layer is initially on the outside, is particularly recommended for inscriptions or the like, where it is important to give them a certain hold before the lacquer characters stick.
  • the advantage of a lacquer film which is produced according to the first type and in which, for example, multi-layer lacquers can be applied exactly in the same layering as is also desired on the finished product cannot be the same in the case of a film which is produced according to the second type be realized. Nevertheless, it has been shown that the transfer of letters or numbers from lacquer with a film produced by the second method is much easier than was the case with previous tracing materials. Also the possibility to use varnishes, which has not existed before.
  • the symbols do not have to be transferred from the new paint film to the primer using separate spatulas or ballpoint pens, which exert considerable pressure on the letters.
  • the paint symbols can be transferred from the new film in a simple manner by pressing on them with a handkerchief or only by hand. As is known per se, the symbols are applied by screen printing. When transferring, there is no stretching and no deformation of the lacquer symbols, because there is practically no adhesion to the carrier film, but there is good adhesive strength of the adhesive, so that easy and direct transfer can be achieved at low pressure.
  • a device which is characterized by a carrier and conveyor track for the carrier film and by application devices assigned to the carrier and conveyor track for the wax-like neutralizing layer and for the adhesive or Layers of paint. It is advantageous if the carrier films are provided with the silicone layer which is applied at high temperature and then brought into roll form, a roll-off device being provided for the carrier film which has been rolled up and already provided with the solution layer on one side Conveyor track is connected upstream. With the help of this unwinding device, the carrier film is unwound in such a way that it lies with the uncoated side on the carrier and conveyor track.
  • the film thus moved can then be passed through the various processing stations, wherein it can first be statically discharged and then runs under a doctor device for applying the wax layer. After this wax layer has evaporated and dried, the adhesive layer can then be applied. This can be done with the aid of doctor devices, but also advantageously by means of suitable spray devices.
  • suitable spray devices for example, a spray device for a spray device.
  • drying rooms being provided for drying the treated film which are provided with guide rollers for the carrier film aligned parallel to the carrier and guideway, at least one of which is arranged at a distance above the carrier and guideway, so that the carrier film is guided upwards for drying and so the space required for the drying section in the running direction of the conveyor belt can be kept small.
  • a similar device can be used to produce a transferable lacquer film of the second type.
  • lacquer films of the second type are predominantly provided with lacquer in the form of symbols, such as letters and numbers or the like
  • a screen printing device can advantageously be used for the production of such films, in which after the application of the silicone solution layer and the wax-like neutralization layer and the buffer layer, which can be an acrylic resin, for example, the lacquer is applied with the aid of the register.
  • the advantage here is that the letters are sharply delimited.
  • the screen printing ink which is then an acrylate ink, contains aggressive solvents and where the characters are printed, the acrylic resin layer and the wax layer are dissolved right up to the edges of the characters.
  • the drying of the paint and the dissolving power of the resin and wax layers are coordinated so that when the silicone layer is reached the paint is so dry that crater formation is avoided.
  • the adhesive layer is then also applied with the aid of the register, so that the adhesive, when using acrylate varnish, is applied wherever there is color.
  • An additive of weakly adhering primer is added to this acrylate adhesive in order to achieve good adhesion between the adhesive and the paint.
  • a carrying and conveyor track 1 which consists of an elongated support frame 2 for a rotating conveyor belt, not shown, which is moved in the direction of arrows 3.
  • This carrier film 6 consists, for. B. from an optically clear polyester film based on polyethylene terephthalate. This material has all the conditions for producing the paint film according to the invention.
  • This carrier film 6 has been provided with a dimethylsiloxane (silicone) layer on one side in a previous operation.
  • This layer serves as a solution layer and ensures that the layers applied later can also be detached from the carrier film. Due to its apolar property, this silicone layer repels almost every layer applied to it.
  • the silicone layer lies inside the wound roll 4. As a result of the deflection by means of the roller 5, the silicone layer moves upward during the movement on the carrying and conveyor track 1.
  • the carrier web 6 therefore lies with its uncoated side on the carrying and conveying web 1.
  • the silicone layer applied to the carrier film 6 is not suitable because of the boundary layer tensions which occur in order to apply a low-viscosity material layer directly thereon. The applied material would contract into drops. This also applies to paints.
  • a static discharge of the carrier film 6 is therefore first carried out, and a wax-like layer, for. B. Karnauba wax applied to the silicone layer of the film 6, this wax-like layer is thinned with turpentine to an extremely viscous substance.
  • the correspondingly diluted wax is applied directly to the siloxane layer using the doctor blade 8. Since the wax is highly viscous, a closed layer can be achieved. A less viscous substance would not result in a closed layer due to the boundary layer stresses previously indicated.
  • the wax used chemically consists of long, unbranched hydrocarbon chains with an average length of 30 carbon atoms with a COOH (acid) group at some points on the chain.
  • the wax layer has a low cohesion and is therefore very thin.
  • the adhesion with the siloxane layer is sufficient, but low.
  • a spray booth 11 is arranged in a self-adhesive resin is applied as an adhesive layer on the wax layer by means of several spray nozzles 12th
  • This resin e.g. B. self-adhesive acrylic resin cures at normal temperatures and has a large adhesive force compared to the usual surfaces such as metal and wood and after curing a high degree of cohesion.
  • the adhesive layer must be weatherproof and also resistant to UV rays. When using acrylic resin, acrylic resin paints can be applied.
  • the self-adhesive resin is sprayed onto the wax layer in a low-viscosity state, specifically with a solids content of 25 to 30 g / m 2.
  • a spraying process By using a spraying process, a mirror-smooth, high-gloss surface can be obtained, which is particularly important when using later high-gloss lacquers.
  • the adhesive After spraying, the adhesive starts swimming on the wax layer, with a slight degree of adhesion to this wax layer.
  • the Desmodur L fraction ensures that the adhesive cross-links, which increases cohesion and consequently weather resistance.
  • the addition of the isocyanate results in cross-connections between the molecules, i.e. network formation through polymerization.
  • an evaporation zone 13 with a ventilation channel 14 is again provided.
  • the film 6 then passes into a drying room 15, which is provided with guide rollers 16 and 17 for the carrier film web 6.
  • the guide roller 17 is at such a distance above the support - arranged and conveying path 1, but oriented parallel thereto, that there is enough path length of the film 6 remains of the drying chamber 15 in order to achieve by supplying hot air rapid drying of the adhesive.
  • a cooling zone 18 is provided before the film 6, lying on the carrying and conveying device 1, runs into a paint spraying system 19, in which, in the present case, with the aid of conventional spray nozzles
  • a first coat of paint is applied, which in the exemplary embodiment is then subjected to an intensive supply of warm air below a drying nozzle 21, so that a new coat of paint is then applied to the pre-dried coat of paint can.
  • All spray nozzles 20 are surrounded in a manner known per se by a suction housing which removes the solvent vapors.
  • two-component paints or multi-layer paints can also be applied in the spray booth 19.
  • These lacquers are then guided with the carrier film 6 through an evaporation zone 22 with a drainage channel 23 and then pass again into a drying chamber 24, which in turn is provided with guide and deflection rollers 16 and 17, such as the drying chamber 15, which is parallel to the carrying and Conveyor path 1 are aligned and ensure that the carrier film 6 is guided upwards while it is exposed to the supply of warm air through the channel 25.
  • the arrangement of the two drying rooms 15 and 24, in which certain sections of the film are pulled upward saves space in the conveying direction 3 for the overall system.
  • the film leaving the drying room 24 is dried.
  • the film has a continuous lacquer layer which, depending on the choice of temperatures in the drying room 24, can correspond, for example, to the original stove enamel of motor vehicles.
  • the film is cut into partial pieces and packed by a schematically indicated cutting device 26. The required sizes for paint repair work can then be cut out from these individual pieces of film.
  • the paint itself takes on the function of a continuous film which can be pulled off the carrier film 6 and can be glued to the surfaces to be treated with its adhesive layer by pressure.
  • a two-component acrylate paint can be applied to the adhesive layer in the spray booth, which is extremely weatherproof and chemically closely matches the previously used adhesive.
  • the color curing process which occurs essentially as a result of the cyanate-acrylate reaction, the color will penetrate the adhesive to some extent, creating a mechanical anchoring between the adhesive and the lacquer layer.
  • This anchoring between the adhesive and the lacquer layer is further promoted in that the lacquer is processed as second component isocyanate, which enters into a reaction with the top layer of the glue, which is not completely crosslinked even as a result of the low isocyanate content.
  • Films of the second type in which a buffer layer, e.g. B. in the form of an acrylic resin, and then only paint and adhesive is applied, since it is usually a film for transferring individual symbols, such as letters or numbers, stripes, or the like that after the paint symbols have been printed on, the adhesive can be applied with the aid of the register in such a way that it is only present at the locations where the paint symbols are also present.
  • a buffer layer e.g. B. in the form of an acrylic resin

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Decoration By Transfer Pictures (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Adhesive Tapes (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
  • Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)

Abstract

A transferable enamel sheet and the process for producing it is disclosed, which consists of a carrier film, a release layer applied thereon, a paint or enamel layer and an adhesive layer whereby a neutralization layer of wax-type consistency, preferably carnuaba wax is applied to the release layer which is of the dimethyl-siloxane type (silicone). It is possible to preform two types of transferable enamel sheets. One of them is characterized by the adhesive layer between the neutralization layer and the paint or enamel layer. In this case the enamel paint itself is used as a removal coating, which can immediately be adhered to the surface to be touched up or painted. The other type is characterized by a buffer layer, preferably acrylic resin coated on the neutralization layer and by sharp defined enamel-characters being printed on the buffer layer with an adhesive layer on the outer side to transfer the characters to any surface.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine übertragbare Lackfolie, bestehend aus einem Trägerfilm einer darauf aufgetragenen Lösungsschicht, einer Farb-oder Lackschicht und einer Klebstoffschicht.The invention relates to a transferable lacquer film, consisting of a carrier film, a solution layer applied thereon, a color or lacquer layer and an adhesive layer.

Es sind solche Lackfolien zur Lackausbesserung an Kraftfahrzeugen schon vorgeschlagen worden (GB-PS 1 232971). Bei diesen bekannten Folien ist ein Trägerfilm vorgesehen, auf dem eine Lösungsschicht, bestehend aus 23 Teilen Nitro-Cellulose, 80 Teilen Lösungsmittel, 2 Teile Weichmacher und 10 Teile Alkydharze aufgebracht ist. Nach dem Trocknen dieser Lösungsschicht wird ein Nitro-Cellulose-Lack auf diese Schicht aufgebracht, der wiederum nach dem Trocknen mit einem üblichen unter Druck klebenden Klebstoff versehen wird. Wie dort ausgeführt ist, kann die so hergestellte Lackfolie entsprechend ausgeschnitten und mit der Klebstoffseite nach unten über eine beschädigte Lackstelle am Kraftfahrzeug gebracht werden und unter Druck aufgeklebt werden. Die Trägerfolie wird dann abgezogen. Bei dieser Lackfolie liegt also nach dem Abziehen des Trägers die Unterseite der Lackschicht außen, während die Vorderseite darunter angeordnet ist.Such paint films for touching up paint on motor vehicles have already been proposed (GB-PS 1 232971). In these known films, a carrier film is provided on which a solution layer consisting of 23 parts of nitro-cellulose, 80 parts of solvent, 2 parts of plasticizer and 10 parts of alkyd resins is applied. After this solution layer has dried, a nitro-cellulose lacquer is applied to this layer, which in turn is provided with a customary pressure-sensitive adhesive after drying. As stated there, the lacquer film produced in this way can be cut out accordingly and brought with the adhesive side down over a damaged lacquer area on the motor vehicle and glued on under pressure. The carrier film is then peeled off. With this lacquer film, the underside of the lacquer layer is thus outside after the carrier has been pulled off, while the front is arranged below it.

Folien dieser Art haben aber keinen Eingang in die Praxis gefunden. Auf die dort vorgeschlagene Weise können beispielsweise keine OriginalKraftfahrzeuglacke verwendet werden.Films of this type have not found their way into practice. For example, original automotive paints cannot be used in the manner suggested there.

Bekannt sind auch sogenannte Durchpausmaterialien (NL-PS 123 093), die aus einem durchsichtigen oder transparenten Trägerfilm bestehen, auf den im Siebdruckverfahren Zeichen durchpausbar aufgedruckt sind. Solche Zeichen eignen sich nur für Innenanwendungen, wie beispielsweise zum Beschriften von Zeichnungen oder Werbematerial.So-called tracing materials are also known (NL-PS 123 093), which consist of a transparent or transparent carrier film, on which characters can be traced by screen printing. Such signs are only suitable for indoor applications, such as for labeling drawings or advertising material.

Bekannt sind auch andere ähnliche Übertragungsmaterialien, die unter Druck, beispielsweise mit der Spitze eines Bleistiftes oder eines Kugelschreibers übertragen werden (DE-AS 1 546 568 oder DE-AS 1 219 831), ein Schichtaufbau in der Art der eingangs genannten übertragbaren Lackfolie liegt im ersten Fall aber nicht vor. Im anderen Fall geht es nur darum, die Druckfarbe und den Klebstoff so aufeinander abzustimmen, daß bei der Übertragung der Druckzeichen eine genaue Ausrichtung auf die mit den Zeichen zu versehende Grundfläche möglich ist.Other similar transfer materials are also known, which are transferred under pressure, for example with the tip of a pencil or a ballpoint pen (DE-AS 1 546 568 or DE-AS 1 219 831), a layer structure in the manner of the transferable lacquer film mentioned at the beginning lies in but not in the first case. In the other case, it is only a matter of coordinating the printing ink and the adhesive in such a way that an exact alignment with the base area to be provided with the characters is possible when the printing characters are transferred.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Lackfolie der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden und aufzubauen, daß keine Beschränkungen mehr hinsichtlich der zu verwendenden Lacke gegeben ist und daß beispielsweise aus Originalkraftfahrzeuglacke, gleich welcher Art, als Trockenmaterial vorliegen, so daß Originallackausbesserungen, aber auch Beschriftungen mit Originallack vorgenommen werden können.The present invention has for its object to design and build a paint film of the type mentioned in such a way that there are no longer any restrictions with regard to the paints to be used and that, for example, original vehicle paints of any type are present as dry material, so that original paint repairs, but also Inscriptions can be made with original paint.

Die Erfindung besteht darin, daß auf die Lösungsschicht eine Neutralisierungsschicht mit wachsartiger Konsistenz aufgebracht ist. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß ausschließlich dadurch vollkommene Freiheit im Hinblick auf den aufzubringenden Lack erreicht werden kann. Mit der neuen Folie wird die an sich bekannte Lackausbesserung mit Originallacken, aber auch mit Zwei-Komponenten- oder Einbrennlacken möglich, was bisher nur durch Streichen oder Spritzen und anschließende Temperaturbehandlung am Kraftfahrzeug selbst möglich war. Auch sogenannte Metallic-Lacke, bei denen es darauf ankommt, welche Schicht nach außen dem Betrachter zugewandt ist, können eingesetzt werden. Die neue Lackfolie gibt die Möglichkeit, ein Stück Originallacktrocken mit sich zu führen, um gegebenenfalls Ausbesserungen vornehmen zu können.The invention consists in that a neutralizing layer with a wax-like consistency is applied to the solution layer. It has been shown that this is the only way to achieve complete freedom with regard to the paint to be applied. With the new film, the known paint touch-up with original paints, but also with two-component or stove enamels is possible, which was previously only possible by brushing or spraying and subsequent temperature treatment on the motor vehicle itself. So-called metallic paints, which depend on which layer is facing the viewer, can also be used. The new paint film gives you the option of carrying a piece of original paint dry with you so that you can make repairs if necessary.

Es hat sich dabei als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn die Lösungsschicht vom Dimethylsiloxantyp (Silikon) ist. Diese Schicht stößt aufgrund ihrer apolaren Eigenschaften nahezu jede darauf aufgetragene Schicht ab. Um dennoch eine gut haftende, durchgehende und glatte Lackschicht darauf aufbringen zu können, wird als Neutralisierungsschicht vorteilhaft eine Schicht aus Karnauba-Wachs vorgesehen. Dieses Wachs wird mittels Terpentin zweckmäßig zu einer äußerst viskosen Substanz verdünnt und dann mit Hilfe eines Rakels unmittelbar auf die Siloxanschicht aufgetragen. Der Nachteil der Dimethylsiloxanschicht, die sich wegen der auftretenden Grenzschichtspannung nicht dazu eignet, eine Materialschicht in niedrigviskoser Form unmittelbar aufzunehmen, wird durch die Dazwischenschaltung der Neutralisierungsschicht in einfacher Weise vermieden. Durch den hochviskosen Zustand des Wachses kann zum einen eine geschlossene Schicht erzielt werden. Eine weniger viskose Substanz würde aufgrund der auftretenden Grenzschichtspannungen der darunterliegenden Lösungsschicht eine weniger gut geschlossene Schicht ergeben, so daß dann auch die darauf aufzutragende Schichten nicht einwandfrei und gleichmäßig haften würden.It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the solution layer is of the dimethylsiloxane type (silicone). Due to its apolar properties, this layer repels almost every layer applied to it. In order to nevertheless be able to apply a well adhering, continuous and smooth lacquer layer, a layer of Karnauba wax is advantageously provided as the neutralizing layer. This wax is expediently diluted to an extremely viscous substance using turpentine and then applied directly to the siloxane layer using a doctor blade. The disadvantage of the dimethylsiloxane layer, which is not suitable for directly absorbing a material layer in low-viscosity form due to the boundary layer stress that occurs, is avoided in a simple manner by the interposition of the neutralization layer. Due to the highly viscous state of the wax, a closed layer can be achieved. A less viscous substance would result in a less well-closed layer due to the boundary layer tensions of the underlying solution layer, so that the layers to be applied thereon would not adhere properly and evenly.

In chemischer Hinsicht besteht das verwendete Wachs aus langen und verzweigten Kohlenwasserstoffketten mit einer durchschnittlichen Länge von 30 Kohlenstoffatomen, mit einer COOH-(Säure)gruppe an einigen Stellen der Kette. Die Wachsschicht weist eine geringe Kohäsion auf und ist demzufolge sehr dünn. Die Haftung mit der Siloxanschicht ist genügend, aber gering.From a chemical point of view, the wax used consists of long and branched hydrocarbon chains with an average length of 30 carbon atoms, with a COOH (acid) group at some points on the chain. The wax layer has a low cohesion and is therefore very thin. The adhesion with the siloxane layer is sufficient, but low.

Es hat sich gezeigt, daß sich die neue mit der wachsartigen Neutralisierungsschicht versehene Folie besonders vorteilhaft und ohne jede Schwierigkeit zur Erzeugung einer gleichmäßigen, gut haftenden Lackschicht verwenden läßt, wenn sie vor dem Auftragen der Lackbeschichtung mit einer Klebstoffschicht versehen wird, die selbstklebend ist und bei normalen Temperaturen aushärtet, eine große Haftkraft gegenüber den üblichen Oberflächen, wie Metall und Holz, und nach dem Aushärten ein hohes Maß an Kohäsion aufweist. Diese Klebstoffschicht muß wetterfest sein und außerdem gegen UVStrahlung beständig. Die Zusammensetzung dieser Klebstoff- und Neutralisierungsschicht wird auf die Zusammensetzung der Lackschicht und der Silikonschicht so abgestimmt, daß die Neutralisierungsschicht durch die dem Klebstoff beigemengten Lösungsmittel gelöst wird, ohne daß jedoch der Klebstoff noch in so flüssiger Form mit der Silikonschicht in Berührung kommt, daß die gleichmäßige Schichtbildung durch Grenzschichtspannungseffekte beeinflußt wird. Die Lackschicht läßt sich dann einwandfrei auf diese Klebstoffschicht aufbringen.It has been shown that the new film provided with the wax-like neutralization layer can be used particularly advantageously and without any difficulty to produce a uniform, well-adhering lacquer layer if it is provided with an adhesive layer which is self-adhesive and when applied before the lacquer coating cures at normal temperatures, has a high level of adhesion to common surfaces such as metal and wood, and has a high degree of cohesion after curing. This adhesive layer must be weatherproof and also resistant to UV radiation. The composition of this adhesive and neutralizing layer is matched to the composition of the lacquer layer and the silicone layer so that the neutralizing layer is dissolved by the solvent added to the adhesive, but without the adhesive coming into contact with the silicone layer in such a liquid form that the uniform layer formation is influenced by boundary layer stress effects. The lacquer layer can then be applied properly to this adhesive layer.

So ist dann, wenn z. B. Kraftfahrzeuglack auf Acrylatharz-Basis vorgesehen wird, ein klebendes Acrylharz besonders verwendbar, da es mit der aufzutragenden Farbe eine Verwandschaft aufweist. Die Klebstoffschicht wird in niedrigviskosem Zustand auf die Wachsschicht entweder aufgespritzt oder in höherviskosem Zustand auch aufgerakelt. Es ergibt sich so eine für Lakkierungs- oder Lackausbesserungsarbeiten an Kraftfahrzeugen oder auch an anderen Teilen besonders gut verwendbare übertragbare Lackfolie. Eine so ausgebaute Lackfolie weist den Vorteil auf, daß der Originallack in fester Folienform vorliegt und nach der Herstellung auch bei hohen Temperaturen, beispielsweise im Sommer im Auto, ohne Schaden aufbewahrt werden kann. Die Klebstoffschicht trocknet nicht aus. Die Silikonschicht übernimmt die Aufgabe der Konservierung für diesen Klebstoff und gewährleistet auch ein einwandfreies Abziehen der Lack- und der Klebstoffschicht von der Trägerfolie.So if z. B. automotive paint based on acrylic resin is provided, an adhesive acrylic resin particularly useful because it has a relationship with the paint to be applied. The adhesive layer is either sprayed onto the wax layer in the low-viscosity state or knife-coated in the higher-viscosity state. The result is a transferable lacquer film which can be used particularly well for painting or touch-up work on motor vehicles or else on other parts. A lacquer film which has been developed in this way has the advantage that the original lacquer is in solid film form and can be stored without damage after production, even at high temperatures, for example in the car in summer. The adhesive layer does not dry out. The silicone layer takes on the task of preserving this adhesive and also ensures that the lacquer and adhesive layers are pulled off the carrier film properly.

Diese Trägerfolie kann vorteilhaft als klarer Polyesterfilm auf Polyäthylenterephthalat-Basis aufgebaut sein. Der Trägerfilm muß einer Anzahl von Bedingungen entsprechen, um für die erfindungsgemäße Lackfolie verwendet werden zu können. So muß der Trägerfilm bzw. die Trägerfolie eine sehr glatte Oberfläche haben. Sie soll gut beständig sein gegen die im wesentlichen aromatischen Lösungsmittel, die in den übrigen Komponenten des Übertragungsmaterials bzw. bei dessen Anordnung angewendet werden, sie soll stabil sein bei den Temperaturen, die im Lacktrocknungs- bzw. auch im Lackeinbrennverfahren angewendet werden, d. h. bei Temperaturen zwischen 100°C und 200°C. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß der erwähnte Polyesterfilm diese Bedingungen erfüllt. Eine solche Folie weist auch die Vorteile auf, daß Originaleinbrennlack aufgebracht werden kann, der aus zwei Komponenten besteht, die bei 120°C reagieren. Nach etwa 20 Minuten ergibt sich dann zwischen den beiden Lackkomponenten eine optimale Vernetzung. Große Moleküle haben sich gebildet, welche die besonderen Vorteile des Einbrennlackes ergeben. Ein solcher Lack konnte bisher nur mit den üblichen Methoden der Lackausbesserung auf Kraftfahrzeuge o. dgl. aufgebracht werden.This carrier film can advantageously be constructed as a clear polyester film based on polyethylene terephthalate. The carrier film must meet a number of conditions in order to be used for the lacquer film according to the invention. So the carrier film or the carrier film must have a very smooth surface. It should be resistant to the essentially aromatic solvents which are used in the other components of the transfer material or in its arrangement, it should be stable at the temperatures which are used in the lacquer drying or lacquer baking process, i.e. H. at temperatures between 100 ° C and 200 ° C. It has been shown that the polyester film mentioned fulfills these conditions. Such a film also has the advantages that original stoving lacquer can be applied, which consists of two components that react at 120 ° C. After about 20 minutes there is an optimal cross-linking between the two coating components. Large molecules have formed, which give the special advantages of the stove enamel. Until now, such a paint could only be applied to motor vehicles or the like using the customary paint touch-up methods.

Zur Herstellung der neuen Lackfolie gibt es verschiedene Möglichkeiten. In jedem Fall wird zuerst eine bahnartige Trägerfolie in einer geeigneten Vorrichtung einseitig mit der Lösungsschicht versehen. Diese Trägerbahn wird dann auf der beschichteten Seite mit der Neutralisierungsschicht aus wachsartigem Material versehen. Diese Schicht wird dann einer Trocknung unterworfen, und dann erst werden die weiteren Schichten aufgebracht. Es ist dabei möglich, wie schon erwähnt, zunächst auf die Neutralisierungsschicht eine Klebstoffschicht in flüssiger Form aufzutragen und diese Schicht dann einer Trocknung zu unterwerfen, wonach die Lackschicht aufgebracht wird.There are various options for producing the new paint film. In any case, a web-like carrier film is first provided on one side with the solution layer in a suitable device. This carrier web is then provided on the coated side with the neutralization layer made of wax-like material. This layer is then subjected to drying and only then are the further layers applied. It is possible, as already mentioned, to first apply an adhesive layer in liquid form to the neutralization layer and then to subject this layer to drying, after which the lacquer layer is applied.

Dieser Folientyp weist den Vorteil auf, daß eine gesonderte Schutzfolie nicht vorgesehen sein muß. Vielmehr übernimmt dort der Lack selbst die Aufgabe einer abziehbaren Schicht, die nach dem Trennen von dem Trägerfilm unmittelbar auf die zu behandelnde Oberfläche aufgeklebt werden kann. Dabei stellt sich der Vorteil ein, daß die sonst erst an Ort und Stelle gebildete Originallackschicht nunmehr mit der Hand und im Trockenverfahren aufgebracht werden kann; eine Methode, die natürlich erhebliche Vorteile sowohl hinsichtlich der Dauer der Ausbesserung oder Lackierungsbehandlung aufweist, als auch Vorteile anderer Art. Es leuchtet ein, daß bei einer solchen Handhabung der sonst beim Spritzvorgang übliche Verdünnernebel vollkommen entfällt, so daß die neue Methode sehr umweltfreundlich ist. Vorteilhaft ist auch, daß weder Pinselstriche noch Tropfen am Endprodukt auftreten, daß der neue trockenaufgeklebte Originallack natürlich ebenso polierbar ist, wie ein aufgespritzter Lack, daß er dennoch aber den Vorteil aufweist, daß er überall bei mi-- ilimalem Platzbedarf gelagert werden kann und entsprechend leicht versendbar ist.This type of film has the advantage that a separate protective film does not have to be provided. Rather, the varnish itself takes on the task of a peelable layer which, after separation from the carrier film, can be glued directly onto the surface to be treated. This has the advantage that the original lacquer layer which is otherwise only formed on the spot can now be applied by hand and in a dry process; a method which of course has considerable advantages with regard to the duration of the repair or painting treatment, as well as advantages of another type. It is clear that the thinning mist which is otherwise customary in the spraying process is completely eliminated with such handling, so that the new method is very environmentally friendly. It is also advantageous that neither brushstrokes nor drops appear on the end product, that the new dry-glued original lacquer can of course be polished as well as a sprayed-on lacquer, but that it nevertheless has the advantage that it can be stored anywhere with minimal space requirements and accordingly is easy to ship.

Etwas schwieriger gestaltet sich das Aufbringen von Lack in Form von scharf begrenzten Symbolen, die z. B. im Siebdruckverfahren aufgebracht und auf der von der Wachsschicht abgewandten Seite mit Klebstoff versehen werden sollen, um auf zur beschriftenden Flächen übertragen zu werden. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß scharf begrenzte Buchstaben, Zahlen o. dgl. nur dann ohne Schwierigkeiten aufgedruckt werden können, wenn auf die wachsartige Neutralisierungsschicht eine Pufferschicht aufgebracht wird, die aus einem Acrylharz bestehen kann, das mit der maximal möglichen Menge von Lösungsmitteln mit apolaren Eigenschaften versehen wird. Dieses Harz läßt sich in gleichmäßiger Schicht auf der Wachsschicht verteilen und trocknen. Es löst, ebenso wie die Klebstoffschicht, die Wachsschicht an. Nach dem Bedrucken wird durch die aggressiven Lösungsmittel des für das Siebdrucken verwendeten Lackes diese Harzschicht bis an die Ränder der bedruckten Stellen aufgelöst. Die Trocknungszeit des Lackes und die Auflösungsgeschwindigkeit der aggressiven Lösungsmittel sind so aufeinander abzustimmen, daß der Lack trocken ist, ehe er die Silikonschicht erreicht.Applying varnish in the form of sharply delimited symbols, which e.g. B. applied by screen printing and to be provided on the side facing away from the wax layer with adhesive to be transferred to the labeling surfaces. It has been shown that sharply delimited letters, numbers or the like can only be printed on without difficulty if a buffer layer is applied to the wax-like neutralization layer, which can consist of an acrylic resin that is compatible with the maximum possible amount of solvents with apolar Properties. This resin can be spread and dried in a uniform layer on the wax layer. Like the adhesive layer, it dissolves the wax layer. After printing, the aggressive solvents of the varnish used for screen printing dissolve this resin layer up to the edges of the printed areas. The drying time of the paint and the dissolution rate of the aggressive solvents must be coordinated so that the paint is dry before it reaches the silicone layer.

Die auf die zweite Art und Weise hergestellte Lackfolie, bei der also die Klebstoffschicht zunächst außen liegt, ist für Beschriftungen o. dgl. besonders zu empfehlen, wo es vor dem Haften der Lackzeichen noch darauf ankommt, ihnen einen gewissen Halt zu geben. Der Vorteil einer Lackfolie, die nach der ersten Art hergestellt ist und bei der beispielsweise Mehrschichtenlacke genau in derselben Schichtung aufgebracht werden können, wie das auch am Fertigprodukt gewünscht wird, kann bei einer Folie, die nach der zweiten Art hergestellt ist, nicht in gleichem Maß verwirklicht werden. Trotzdem hat sich gezeigt, daß die Übertragung von Buchstaben oder Zahlen aus Lack mit einer nach der zweiten Methode hergestellten Folie wesentlich einfacher möglich ist, als das bei bisherigen Durchpausmaterialien der Fall war. Auch die Möglichkeit, Lacke zu verwenden, was bisher nicht gegeben. Die Übertragung der Symbole von der neuen Lackfolie auf den Haftgrund braucht nicht mit Hilfe von gesonderten Spateln oder mit Hilfe von Kugelschreibern zu erfolgen, mit denen ein erheblicher Druck auf die Buchstaben ausgeübt wird. Die Übertragung der Lacksymbole von der neuen Folie kann in einfacher Weise durch Aufdrücken mit einem Taschentuch oder nur von Hand erfolgen. Die Symbole werden, wie an sich bekannt, im Siebdruckverfahren aufgebracht. Beim Übertragen erfolgt keine Dehnung und kein Verformen der Lacksybole, weil praktisch keine Haftung auf der Trägerfolie vorliegt, dafür aber eine gute Klebkraft des Klebstoffes gegeben ist, so daß sich bei geringem Druck eine leichte und direkte Übertragung verwirklichen läßt.The lacquer film produced in the second way, in which the adhesive layer is initially on the outside, is particularly recommended for inscriptions or the like, where it is important to give them a certain hold before the lacquer characters stick. The advantage of a lacquer film which is produced according to the first type and in which, for example, multi-layer lacquers can be applied exactly in the same layering as is also desired on the finished product, cannot be the same in the case of a film which is produced according to the second type be realized. Nevertheless, it has been shown that the transfer of letters or numbers from lacquer with a film produced by the second method is much easier than was the case with previous tracing materials. Also the possibility to use varnishes, which has not existed before. The symbols do not have to be transferred from the new paint film to the primer using separate spatulas or ballpoint pens, which exert considerable pressure on the letters. The paint symbols can be transferred from the new film in a simple manner by pressing on them with a handkerchief or only by hand. As is known per se, the symbols are applied by screen printing. When transferring, there is no stretching and no deformation of the lacquer symbols, because there is practically no adhesion to the carrier film, but there is good adhesive strength of the adhesive, so that easy and direct transfer can be achieved at low pressure.

Zur Durchführung des Herstellungsverfahrens einer Folie mit der Klebstoffschicht zwischen Trägerfolie und Lackschicht wird eine Vorrichtung vorgesehen, die gekennzeichnet ist durch eine Trag- und Förderbahn für die Trägerfolie und durch der Trag- und Förderbahn zugeordnete Auftragseinrichtungen für die wachsartige Neutralisierungsschicht und für die Klebstoff- bzw. Lackschichten. Vorteilhaft ist es dabei, wenn die Trägerfolien mit der Silikonschicht, die bei hoher Temperatur aufgebracht wird, versehen und dann in Rollenform gebracht wird, wobei dann für die aufgerollte und bereits einseitig mit der Lösungsschicht versehene Trägerfolie eine Abrolleinrichtung vorgesehen wird, die der Trag- und Förderbahn vorgeschaltet wird. Mit Hilfe dieser Abrolleinrichtung wird die Trägerfolie so abgewickelt, daß sie mit der unbeschichteten Seite auf der Trag- und Förderbahn aufliegt. Die so beispielsweise auf einem Förderband bewegte Folie kann dann durch die verschiedenen Bearbeitungsstationen hindurchgeführt werden, wobei sie zunächst statisch entladen werden kann und dann unter einer Rakeleinrichtung zum Aufbringen der Wachsschicht hindurchläuft. Nach dem Abdunsten und Trocknen dieser Wachsschicht kann dann die Klebstoffschicht aufgebracht werden. Das kann mit Hilfe von Rakeleinrichtungen, aber auch vorteilhaft durch geeignete Spritzeinrichtungen geschehen. Gleiches gilt für den Farbauftrag, wobei jeweils zum Trocknen der behandelten Folie Trocknungsräume vorgesehen sind, welche mit parallel zu der Trag- und Führungsbahn ausgerichteten Führungsrollen für die Trägerfolie versehen sind, von denen mindestens eine im Abstand oberhalb der Trag- und Führungsbahn angeordnet ist, so daß die Trägerfolie zum Trocknen nach oben geführt wird und so der Raumbedarf für die Trocknungsstrecke in der Laufrichtung des Förderbandes klein gehalten werden kann.In order to carry out the production process for a film with the adhesive layer between the carrier film and the lacquer layer, a device is provided which is characterized by a carrier and conveyor track for the carrier film and by application devices assigned to the carrier and conveyor track for the wax-like neutralizing layer and for the adhesive or Layers of paint. It is advantageous if the carrier films are provided with the silicone layer which is applied at high temperature and then brought into roll form, a roll-off device being provided for the carrier film which has been rolled up and already provided with the solution layer on one side Conveyor track is connected upstream. With the help of this unwinding device, the carrier film is unwound in such a way that it lies with the uncoated side on the carrier and conveyor track. The film thus moved, for example on a conveyor belt, can then be passed through the various processing stations, wherein it can first be statically discharged and then runs under a doctor device for applying the wax layer. After this wax layer has evaporated and dried, the adhesive layer can then be applied. This can be done with the aid of doctor devices, but also advantageously by means of suitable spray devices. The same applies to the application of paint, drying rooms being provided for drying the treated film, which are provided with guide rollers for the carrier film aligned parallel to the carrier and guideway, at least one of which is arranged at a distance above the carrier and guideway, so that the carrier film is guided upwards for drying and so the space required for the drying section in the running direction of the conveyor belt can be kept small.

Zur Herstellung einer übertragbaren Lackfolie der zweiten Art kann eine ähnliche Vorrichtung eingesetzt werden. Da Lackfolien der zweiten Art aber vorwiegend mit Lack in Form von Symbolen, wie Buchstaben und Zahlen o. dgl., versehen werden, kann für die Herstellung solcher Folien zweckmäßig eine Siebdruckvorrichtung eingesetzt werden, bei der nach dem Aufbringen der Silikonlösungsschicht und der wachsartigen Neutralisierungsschicht sowie der Pufferschicht, die beispielsweise ein Acrylharz sein kann, der Lack mit Hilfe des Registers aufgebracht werden. Hier ergibt sich der Vorteil, daß die Buchstaben scharf begrenzt sind. Die Siebdruckfarbe, die dann eine Acrylatfarbe ist, enthält aggressive Lösungsmittel und da, wo die Zeichen aufgedruckt sind, wird die Acrylharzschicht und die Wachsschicht genau bis an die Ränder der Zeichen aufgelöst. Die Trocknung der Farbe und das Auflösungsvermögen der Harz- und Wachsschicht sind so aufeinander abgestimmt, daß beim Erreichen der Silikonschicht die Farbe so trocken ist, daß eine Kraterbildung vermieden wird. Nach dem Auftrag der Lacksymbole und nach deren Trocknung wird dann die Klebstoffschicht ebenfalls mit Hilfe des Registers aufgetragen, so daß der Kleber, bei Verwendung von Acrylatlack ein Acrylatkleber, überall dort aufgetragen wird, wo sich auch Farbe befindet. Diesem Acrylatkleber wird ein Zusatz von schwach haftendem Primer beigefügt, um eine gute Haftung zwischen Klebstoff und Farbe zu erreichen. Diese Symbole lassen sich dann sehr einfach übertragen.A similar device can be used to produce a transferable lacquer film of the second type. However, since lacquer films of the second type are predominantly provided with lacquer in the form of symbols, such as letters and numbers or the like, a screen printing device can advantageously be used for the production of such films, in which after the application of the silicone solution layer and the wax-like neutralization layer and the buffer layer, which can be an acrylic resin, for example, the lacquer is applied with the aid of the register. The advantage here is that the letters are sharply delimited. The screen printing ink, which is then an acrylate ink, contains aggressive solvents and where the characters are printed, the acrylic resin layer and the wax layer are dissolved right up to the edges of the characters. The drying of the paint and the dissolving power of the resin and wax layers are coordinated so that when the silicone layer is reached the paint is so dry that crater formation is avoided. After the application of the paint symbols and after they have dried, the adhesive layer is then also applied with the aid of the register, so that the adhesive, when using acrylate varnish, is applied wherever there is color. An additive of weakly adhering primer is added to this acrylate adhesive in order to achieve good adhesion between the adhesive and the paint. These symbols can then be transferred very easily.

In der folgenden Beschreibung werden Ausführungsbeispiele für die Zusammensetzung der einzelnen charakteristischen Schichten angegeben, und es wird anhand einer Zeichnung ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des neuen Herstellungsverfahrens beschrieben. Die Zeichnung zeigt dabei einen schematischen Längsschnitt durch eine kontinuierlich arbeitende Vorrichtung, mit der sowohl die Klebstoffschicht als auch die Lackschicht aufgesprüht wird. Wie bereits angedeutet, sind auch andere Auftragverfahren möglich.In the following description, exemplary embodiments for the composition of the individual characteristic layers are specified, and an exemplary embodiment of an apparatus for carrying out the new production method is described with the aid of a drawing. The drawing shows a schematic longitudinal section through a continuously operating device with which both the adhesive layer and the lacquer layer are sprayed on. As already indicated, other application methods are also possible.

In der Zeichnung ist eine Trag- und Förderbahn 1 gezeigt, die aus einem länglichen Stützgestell 2 für ein nicht näher gezeigtes umlaufendes Förderband besteht, das in Richtung der Pfeile 3 bewegt wird. Über der Trag- und Förderbahn 1, die im Ausführungsbeispiel etwa zwanzigmal so lang wie bereit ist, sind mehrere Einrichtungen zur Behandlung der Oberfläche einer Polyesterfolie vorgesehen, die zu einer Rolle 4 aufgewickelt ist und von dieser Rolle 4 aus über eine Umlenkwalze 5 auf die Trag- und Förderbahn 1 aufgelegt wird. Diese Trägerfolie 6 besteht z. B. aus einem optisch klaren Polyesterfilm auf Polyäthylenterephthalat-Basis. Dieses Material weist alle Bedingungen für die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Lackfolie auf. Es hat eine sehr glatte Oberfläche, ist gut beständig gegen die im wesentlichen aromatischen Lösungsmittel, die in den übrigen Komponenten des Übertragungsmaterials bzw. bei dessen Auftrag angewendet werden, sie ist stabil bei Temperaturen, die beim Lacktrocken- oder Lackeinbrennverfahren angewendet werden, d. h. zwischen 100°C und 200° C. Natürlich wäre es auch möglich, eine Polypropylenfolie vorzusehen, die nicht gegen so hohe Temperaturen, wie oben genannt, beständig ist. Es müßten dann aber längere Trocknungszeiten in Kauf genommen werden, und es wäre nicht möglich, wie vorher angedeutet, Originaleinbrennlack auf die Folie aufzubringen.In the drawing, a carrying and conveyor track 1 is shown, which consists of an elongated support frame 2 for a rotating conveyor belt, not shown, which is moved in the direction of arrows 3. Over the carrying and conveyor track 1, which is about twenty times as long as ready in the exemplary embodiment, there are several ones directions for treating the surface of a polyester film is provided, which is wound into a roll 4 and from this roll 4 is placed over a deflecting roller 5 on the carrier and conveyor track 1. This carrier film 6 consists, for. B. from an optically clear polyester film based on polyethylene terephthalate. This material has all the conditions for producing the paint film according to the invention. It has a very smooth surface, is well resistant to the essentially aromatic solvents used in the other components of the transfer material or when it is applied, it is stable at temperatures used in the paint drying or paint baking process, ie between 100 ° C and 200 ° C. Of course it would also be possible to provide a polypropylene film which is not resistant to the high temperatures mentioned above. However, longer drying times would then have to be accepted, and it would not be possible, as previously indicated, to apply original stove enamel to the film.

Diese Trägerfolie 6 ist einem vorangegangenen Arbeitsgang auf einer Seite mit einer Dimethylsiloxan(Silikon)schicht versehen worden. Diese Schicht dient als Lösungsschicht und stellt sicher, daß die später aufgebrachten Schichten auch wieder von der Trägerfolie gelöst werden können. Diese Silikonschicht stößt aufgrund ihrer apolaren Eigenschaft nahezu jede darauf aufgetragene Schicht wieder ab. Die Silikonschicht liegt bei der aufgewickelten Rolle 4 nach innen. Durch die Umlenkung mittels der Walze 5 gelangt die Silikonschicht während der Bewegung auf der Trag- und Förderbahn 1 nach oben. Die Trägerbahn 6 liegt daher mit ihrer nicht beschichteten Seite auf derTrag- und Förderbahn 1 auf.This carrier film 6 has been provided with a dimethylsiloxane (silicone) layer on one side in a previous operation. This layer serves as a solution layer and ensures that the layers applied later can also be detached from the carrier film. Due to its apolar property, this silicone layer repels almost every layer applied to it. The silicone layer lies inside the wound roll 4. As a result of the deflection by means of the roller 5, the silicone layer moves upward during the movement on the carrying and conveyor track 1. The carrier web 6 therefore lies with its uncoated side on the carrying and conveying web 1.

Die auf die Trägerfolie 6 aufgebrachte Silikonschicht eignet sich wegen der auftretenden Grenzschichtspannungen nicht, um eine niedrigviskose Materialschicht unmittelbar darauf aufzutragen. Das aufgetragene Material würde sich jeweils zu Tropfen zusammenziehen. Das gilt auch für Lacke. In einer ersten Behandlungsstation 7 wird daher zunächst eine statische Entladung der Trägerfolie 6 vorgenommen, und es wird dann mittels eines Rakels 8 eine wachsartige Schicht, z. B. Karnauba-Wachs auf die Silikonschicht der Folie 6 aufgetragen, wobei diese wachsartige Schicht mittels Terpentin zu einer äußerst viskosen Substanz verdünnt wird. Das entsprechend verdünnte Wachs wird mit Hilfe des Rakels 8 unmittelbar auf die Siloxanschicht aufgetragen. Da das Wachs hochviskos ist, kann eine geschlossene Schicht erzielt werden. Eine weniger viskose Substanz würde aufgrund der vorher angedeuteten Grenzschichtspannungen keine geschlossene Schicht ergeben. Das verwendete Wachs besteht in chemischer Hinsicht aus langen, unverzweigten Kohlenwasserstoffketten mit einer Durchschnittlichen Länge von 30 Kohlenstoffatomen mit einer COOH-(Säure)-gruppe an einigen Stellen der Kette. Die Wachsschicht weist eine geringe Kohäsion auf und ist demzufolge sehr dünn. Die Haftung mit der Siloxanschicht ist genügend, aber gering. Die Folie 6 durchläuft anschließend bei ihrer Bewegung im Sinne des Pfeiles 3 eine Abdunstzone 9, die mit einem Entlüftungskanal 10 versehen ist, der in nicht näher dargestellter Weise aus dem Aufstellungsraum nach außen führt. Hinter der Ab- dunstzone, in der eine gewisse Trocknung des Wachses auf der Siloxanschicht stattfindet, wird im Ausführungsbeispiel eine Spritzkabine 11 angeordnet, in der mit Hilfe mehrerer Spritzdüsen 12 ein selbstklebendes Harz als Klebstoffschicht auf die Wachsschicht aufgetragen wird. Dieses Harz, z. B. selbstklebendes Acrylharz härtet bei normalen Temperaturen aus und besitzt eine große Haftkraft gegenüber den üblichen Oberflächen, wie Metall und Holz und nach dem Aushärten ein hohes Maß an Kohäsion. Die Klebstoffschicht muß wetterfest sein und außerdem gegen UV-Strahlen beständig. Bei Verwendung von Acralharz können Acrylharzlacke aufgetragen werden. Das selbstklebende Harz wird im niedrigviskosen Zustand auf die Wachsschicht aufgespritzt, und zwar mit einem Feststoffgehalt von 25 bis 30 g/m2..Durch Anwendung eines Spritzverfahrens kann eine spiegelglatte Hochglanzfläche erhalten werden, was vor allem bei Anwendung von später aufzutragenden Hochglanzlacken wichtig ist.The silicone layer applied to the carrier film 6 is not suitable because of the boundary layer tensions which occur in order to apply a low-viscosity material layer directly thereon. The applied material would contract into drops. This also applies to paints. In a first treatment station 7, a static discharge of the carrier film 6 is therefore first carried out, and a wax-like layer, for. B. Karnauba wax applied to the silicone layer of the film 6, this wax-like layer is thinned with turpentine to an extremely viscous substance. The correspondingly diluted wax is applied directly to the siloxane layer using the doctor blade 8. Since the wax is highly viscous, a closed layer can be achieved. A less viscous substance would not result in a closed layer due to the boundary layer stresses previously indicated. The wax used chemically consists of long, unbranched hydrocarbon chains with an average length of 30 carbon atoms with a COOH (acid) group at some points on the chain. The wax layer has a low cohesion and is therefore very thin. The adhesion with the siloxane layer is sufficient, but low. When moving in the direction of arrow 3, the film 6 then passes through an evaporation zone 9, which is provided with a ventilation duct 10, which leads from the installation space to the outside in a manner not shown. Behind the Ab - haze zone in which a certain drying of the wax takes place on the siloxane, in the exemplary embodiment a spray booth 11 is arranged in a self-adhesive resin is applied as an adhesive layer on the wax layer by means of several spray nozzles 12th This resin, e.g. B. self-adhesive acrylic resin cures at normal temperatures and has a large adhesive force compared to the usual surfaces such as metal and wood and after curing a high degree of cohesion. The adhesive layer must be weatherproof and also resistant to UV rays. When using acrylic resin, acrylic resin paints can be applied. The self-adhesive resin is sprayed onto the wax layer in a low-viscosity state, specifically with a solids content of 25 to 30 g / m 2. By using a spraying process, a mirror-smooth, high-gloss surface can be obtained, which is particularly important when using later high-gloss lacquers.

Der Klebstoff gerät nach dem Aufspritzen ins Schwimmen auf der Wachsschicht, wobei ein geringes Maß an Haftung an dieser Wachsschicht entsteht.After spraying, the adhesive starts swimming on the wax layer, with a slight degree of adhesion to this wax layer.

Eine gut brauchbare Klebstoffzusammensefzung ist folgende:

  • - 100 Teile Elastomer-(acrylsäureester) zur Herbeiführung einer guten Kohäsion,
  • - 5 Teile Celloleim 11 (technischer Hydroabietylalkohol) zur Herbeiführung der Klebwir- kung,
  • - 0,2 Teile Desmodur L - das ist eine Lösung von 0,2% Isocyanat in 75% Äthylacetat.
A good adhesive composition is as follows:
  • - 100 parts of elastomer (acrylic acid ester) for good cohesion,
  • - 5 parts Celloleim 11 (technical hydroabietyl) to effect the Klebwir- kun g,
  • - 0.2 parts Desmodur L - this is a solution of 0.2% isocyanate in 75% ethyl acetate.

Die Desmodur L-Fraktion sorgt für die gegenseitige Vernetzung des Klebstoffes, wodurch die Kohäsion und folglich die Wetterfestigkeit erhöht wird. Die Zugabe des Isocyanats ergibt Querverbindungen zwischen den Molekülen, also Netzwerkbildung durch Polymerisation.The Desmodur L fraction ensures that the adhesive cross-links, which increases cohesion and consequently weather resistance. The addition of the isocyanate results in cross-connections between the molecules, i.e. network formation through polymerization.

Die oben beschriebene Klebstoffzusammensetzung wird mit einem Lösungsmittel verdünnt, bestehend aus

  • - 70% aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen (technisches Toluol)
  • - 30% Isoamylacetat.
The adhesive composition described above is diluted with a solvent consisting of
  • - 70% aromatic hydrocarbons (technical toluene)
  • - 30% isoamyl acetate.

Klebstoff plus Lösungsmittel ergeben zusammen eine noch nicht spritzbare, zähe Flüssigkeit. Um diese spritzbar zu machen, wird ein zweites Lösungsmittel zugegeben, bestehend aus:

  • - 70 Teilen Waschbenzin auf 30 Teile Leim. Dieses Lösungsmittel zum Spritzbarmachen des Leimes verdampft sehr schnell und verleiht der Spritzlösung gute Fließeigenschaften.
  • - 13 Teilen aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen mit einer Kettenlänge von 12 bis 16 und einem Siedepunkt von 170°C. Diese Zugabe soll vermeiden, daß der Leim schon während des Spritzvorgangs an der Luft trocknet, wodurch Fadenbildung auftreten kann.
Adhesive plus solvent together form a non-sprayable, viscous liquid. To make it sprayable, a second solvent is added, consisting of:
  • - 70 parts of mineral spirits per 30 parts of glue. This solvent for spraying the glue evaporates very quickly and gives the spray solution good flow properties.
  • - 13 parts of aliphatic hydrocarbons with a chain length of 12 to 16 and a boiling point of 170 ° C. This addition is intended to prevent the glue from drying in the air during the spraying process, as a result of which threading can occur.

Natürlich ist es auch möglich, anstelle eines Spritzverfahrens zum Auftragen der Klebstoffschicht ein anderes Verfahren, beispielsweise das Verfahren mittels Rakel vorzusehen, die Viskosität muß dann allerdings anders eingestellt werden.Of course, it is also possible to provide another method, for example the method using a doctor blade, instead of a spraying method for applying the adhesive layer, but the viscosity must then be adjusted differently.

Anschließend an diese Klebstoffauftragseinrichtung 11 ist wieder eine Abdunstzone 13 mit einem Entlüftungskanal 14 vorgesehen. Die Folie 6 gelangt dann in einen Trockenraum 15, der mit Führungswalzen 16 und 17 für die Trägerfolienbahn 6 versehen ist. Die Führungswalze 17 ist dabei in einem solchen Abstand oberhalb der Trag- und Förderbahn 1 angeordnet, aber parallel zu dieser ausgerichtet, daß genügend Weglänge der Folie 6 des Trockenraumes 15 verbleibt, um durch Zuführung von Warmluft eine schnelle Trocknung des Klebstoffes zu erreichen.Following this adhesive application device 11, an evaporation zone 13 with a ventilation channel 14 is again provided. The film 6 then passes into a drying room 15, which is provided with guide rollers 16 and 17 for the carrier film web 6. The guide roller 17 is at such a distance above the support - arranged and conveying path 1, but oriented parallel thereto, that there is enough path length of the film 6 remains of the drying chamber 15 in order to achieve by supplying hot air rapid drying of the adhesive.

- Um die noch heiße Folie anschließend wieder auf Raumtemperatur zu bringen, wird eine Kühlzone 18 vorgesehen, ehe die Folie 6 dann wieder auf der Trag- und Fördereinrichtung 1 aufliegend in eine Lackspritzanlage 19 einläuft, in der mit Hilfe üblicher Spritzdüsen, die im vorliegenden Fall in der Art von quer über die Trag- und Förderbahn 1 verlaufenden Zuführrohren 20 mit Düsen bestehen, ein erster Lackauftrag aufgebracht, der dann beim Ausführungsbeispiel unterhalb einer Trockendüse 21 einer intensiven Warmluftzufuhr ausgesetzt wird, so daß dann ein erneuter Lackauftrag auf die schon vorgetrocknete Lackschicht erfolgen kann. Alle Spritzdüsen 20 sind in an sich bekannter Weise von einem Absaugegehäuse umgeben, das die Lösungsmitteldämpfe abfördert. In der Spritzkabine 19 können, wie ohne weiteres deutlich wird, auch Zwei-Komponenten-Lacke oder Mehrschichtenlacke aufgebracht werden. Diese Lakke werden mit der Trägerfolie 6 anschließend durch eine Abdunstzone 22 mit Ablaufkanal 23 geführt und gelangen dann erneut in einen Trokkenraum 24, der wiederum mit Führungs- und Umlenkrollen 16 und 17 versehen ist, wie der Trockenraum 15, die parallel zu der Trag- und Förderbahn 1 ausgerichtet sind und dafür sorgen, daß die Trägerfolie 6 nach oben geführt wird, während sie der Warmluftzufuhr durch den Kanal 25 ausgesetzt ist. Durch die Anordnung der beiden Trockenräume 15 und 24, in denen bestimmte Wegstrecken der Folie nach oben gezogen werden, wird für die Gesamtanlage Raumbedarf in der Förderrichtung 3 eingespart. Die den Trockenraum 24 verlassende Folie ist getrocknet. Sie weist eine durchgehende Lackschicht auf, die, je nach Wahl der Temperaturen im Trockenraum 24, dem Originaleinbrennlack von Kraftfahrzeugen beispielsweise entsprechen kann. Die Folie wird durch eine schematisch angedeutete Schneideeinrichtung 26 in Teil-Stücke zerschnitten und verpackt. Aus diesen einzelnen Folienstücken können dann die benötigten Größen für Lackausbesserungsarbeiten ausgeschnitten werden. Der Lack selbst übernimmt die Funktion einer durchgehenden Folie, die sich von der Trägerfolie 6 abziehen und durch Druck mit ihrer Klebstoffschicht auf die zu behandelnden Flächen aufkleben läßt.- In order to bring the still hot film back to room temperature, a cooling zone 18 is provided before the film 6, lying on the carrying and conveying device 1, runs into a paint spraying system 19, in which, in the present case, with the aid of conventional spray nozzles In the manner of supply pipes 20 with nozzles running across the carrying and conveying path 1, a first coat of paint is applied, which in the exemplary embodiment is then subjected to an intensive supply of warm air below a drying nozzle 21, so that a new coat of paint is then applied to the pre-dried coat of paint can. All spray nozzles 20 are surrounded in a manner known per se by a suction housing which removes the solvent vapors. As is readily apparent, two-component paints or multi-layer paints can also be applied in the spray booth 19. These lacquers are then guided with the carrier film 6 through an evaporation zone 22 with a drainage channel 23 and then pass again into a drying chamber 24, which in turn is provided with guide and deflection rollers 16 and 17, such as the drying chamber 15, which is parallel to the carrying and Conveyor path 1 are aligned and ensure that the carrier film 6 is guided upwards while it is exposed to the supply of warm air through the channel 25. The arrangement of the two drying rooms 15 and 24, in which certain sections of the film are pulled upward, saves space in the conveying direction 3 for the overall system. The film leaving the drying room 24 is dried. It has a continuous lacquer layer which, depending on the choice of temperatures in the drying room 24, can correspond, for example, to the original stove enamel of motor vehicles. The film is cut into partial pieces and packed by a schematically indicated cutting device 26. The required sizes for paint repair work can then be cut out from these individual pieces of film. The paint itself takes on the function of a continuous film which can be pulled off the carrier film 6 and can be glued to the surfaces to be treated with its adhesive layer by pressure.

Natürlich ist es auch möglich, aus der Folie Streifen oder Buchstaben auszustanzen, ebenso wie es schon in der Spritzkabine 19 möglich ist, durch entsprechende Abdeckungen Streifen oder Buchstaben o. dgl. aufzuspritzen. Es ist auch möglich, die Lackfarbe in einem anderen Verfahren aufzutragen, beispielsweise ebenfalls aufzurakeln oder aufzugießen oder durch rotierende Bürsten aufzutragen. Das gezeigte Beispiel weist aber den Vorteil auf, daß es dem Originalauftrag von Kraftfahrzeuglacken entspricht, so daß am Ende des Herstellungsvorganges ein Originalkraftfahrzeuglack auf einer Folie vorliegen kann, der im Trockenverfahren jederzeit aufgebracht werden kann. Der Vorteil der neuen Lackfolie besteht neben der ausgezeichneten Wetterbeständigkeit des verwendeten Lackes vor allen Dingen auch darin, daß der unter der Lackschicht befindliche Klebstoff auch nach längerer Zeit nicht austrocknet. Die unter ihm liegende Silikonschicht übernimmt eine Konservierungsfunktion.Of course, it is also possible to punch out strips or letters from the film, just as it is already possible in the spray booth 19 to spray strips or letters or the like through appropriate covers. It is also possible to apply the paint color in a different process, for example also by knife coating or pouring on, or by rotating brushes. However, the example shown has the advantage that it corresponds to the original application of motor vehicle paints, so that at the end of the manufacturing process an original motor vehicle paint can be present on a film, which can be applied at any time using the dry process. The advantage of the new paint film, in addition to the excellent weather resistance of the paint used, is above all that the adhesive under the paint layer does not dry out even after a long time. The silicone layer underneath takes on a preservation function.

Zu erwähnen ist noch, daß in der Spritzkabine auf die Klebstoffschicht eine Zwei-Komponenten-Acrylat-Farbe aufgetragen werden kann, die äußerst wetterfest ist und in chemischer Hinsicht eine große Übereinstimmung mit dem vorher verwendeten Klebstoff aufweist. Während des Farbhärtungsverfahrens, das im wesentlichen infolge der Cyanat-Acrylat-Reaktion auftritt, wird die Farbe sich einigermaßen in den Klebstoff drängen, wodurch eine mechanische Verankerung zwischen Klebstoff und Lackschicht entsteht. Diese Verankerung zwischen Klebstoff und Lackschicht wird dadurch weitergefördert, daß dem Lack als zweite Komponenten Isocyanat verarbeitet ist, das eine Reaktion mit der Deckschicht des Leimes eingeht, der selbst infolge des geringen Isocyanatgehaltes nicht völlig vernetzt ist. Auf diese Weise wird eine untrennbare Klebstoff-Lackverbindung erhalten, die anschließend das einfache Lösen der Lackschicht vom Träger ermöglicht und mit dazu beiträgt, daß der Originallack wie eine Art Pflaster für Ausbesserungsarbeiten eingesetzt werden kann, was bisher nicht möglich war. Der große Vorteil ist dabei, wie schon angedeutet, daß bei Mehr-Komponenten- oder Mehr-Schichten-Lacken die gleiche Schichtung vorliegt wie bei den originalgespritzten Kraftfahrzeugteilen, so daß auch die räumliche Anordnnung, beispielsweise von Metallicpartikeln die gleiche ist, wie auf dem Fahrzeug. Die optische Wirkung bleibt dadurch gleich. Dieser Effekt kann mit bekannten Folienarten niemals erreicht werden.It should also be mentioned that a two-component acrylate paint can be applied to the adhesive layer in the spray booth, which is extremely weatherproof and chemically closely matches the previously used adhesive. During the color curing process, which occurs essentially as a result of the cyanate-acrylate reaction, the color will penetrate the adhesive to some extent, creating a mechanical anchoring between the adhesive and the lacquer layer. This anchoring between the adhesive and the lacquer layer is further promoted in that the lacquer is processed as second component isocyanate, which enters into a reaction with the top layer of the glue, which is not completely crosslinked even as a result of the low isocyanate content. In this way, an inseparable adhesive-lacquer connection is obtained, which then enables the lacquer layer to be easily detached from the support and contributes to the fact that the original lacquer can be used as a kind of plaster for repair work, which was previously not possible. The great advantage is, as already indicated, that the same layering is present in multi-component or multi-layer lacquers as in the original molded automotive parts, so that the spatial arrangement, for example of metallic particles, is the same as on the vehicle. The visual effect remains the same. This effect can never be achieved with known types of film.

Folien der zweiten Art, bei denen auf die Wachsschicht noch eine Pufferschicht, z. B. in Form eines Acrylharzes, und dann erst Lack und Klebstoff aufgetragen wird, lassen sich, da es in der Regel um Folien zur Übertragung einzelner Symbole, wie Buchstaben oder Zahlen, Streifen, o. dgl. handelt, besser im Siebdruckverfahren herstellen, so daß sich nach dem Aufdrucken der Lacksymbole der Klebstoff mit Hilfe des Registers so aufbringen läßt daß er nur an den Stellen vorhanden ist, wo auch die Lacksymbole vorhanden sind.Films of the second type, in which a buffer layer, e.g. B. in the form of an acrylic resin, and then only paint and adhesive is applied, since it is usually a film for transferring individual symbols, such as letters or numbers, stripes, or the like that after the paint symbols have been printed on, the adhesive can be applied with the aid of the register in such a way that it is only present at the locations where the paint symbols are also present.

Claims (18)

1. Transferable lacquer film consisting of a carrier film, a solvent coating applied thereto, a colour or lacquer layer and a layer of adhesive, characterized in that a neutralising layer of wax-like consistency is applied to the layer of solvent.
2. Transferable lacquer film according to claim 1, characterized in that the solvent layer is of the dimethyl siloxane type (silicone).
3. Transferable lacquer film according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the neutralising layer is a layer of carnauba wax.
4. Transferable lacquer film according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier film is built up as a clear film of polyester on a polyethylene terephthalate base.
5. Transferable lacquer film according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the composition of the layer of adhesive is suited to the composition of the lacquer layer and to the composition of the wax layer and of the silicone layer.
6. Transferable lacquer film according to claim 5, characterized in that the layer of lacquer provided is commercial quality motor vehicle paint.
7. Transferable lacquer film according to claim 6, characterized in that the motor vehicle paint is acrylate resin based and in that the layer of adhesive provided is an acrylate glue.
8. Transferable lacquer film according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that on the wax-like neutralising layer is applied a buffer layer on which is applied a lacquer layer and onto this latter there is applied a layer of adhesive.
9. Transferable lacquer film according to claim 8, characterized in that the lacquer layer is applied to the buffer layer in the form of symbols, while the layer of adhesive is applied onto these lacquer symbols in a form corresponding to the symbols.
10. Transferable lacquer film according to claim 9, characterized in that the adhesive contains an adhesive primer for better adhesion to the lacquer symbols, and in that its composition is suited to the composition of the lacquer.
11. Transferable lacquer film according to claim 8, characterized in that the composition of the buffer layer is suited to the composition of the lacquer layer and of the wax and silicone layer.
12. Transferable lacquer film according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the buffer layer is transparent.
13. Transferable lacquer film according to one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the buffer layer provided is a layer of acrylic resin.
14. Transferable lacquer film according to claim 13, characterized in that the lacquer layer provided is an acrylic resin based lacquer.
15. A method of producing a lacquer film according to claim 1 or one of the other claims, characterized in that firstly a web-like carrier film is provided on one side with the solvent layer and in that the resultant carrier web is provided on the coated side with a neutralising layer of wax-like material, and in that this layer is subjected to a drying process, after which the fur- tcher layers are then applied.
16. A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the layer of adhesive is evenly applied onto the neutralising layer with the addition of solvents having apolar properties, and is dried before the layer of lacquer is applied.
17. A method according to claim 15, characterized in that after drying of the neutralising layer, the buffer layer is evenly applied with the admixture of solvents which have apolar properties, and is dried before the lacquer layer is applied.
18. A method according to claim 17, characterized in that the lacquer layer is applied in the form of symbols and after it has partially dried, the layer of adhesive is likewise applied in the form of symbols, the symbols of the adhesive layer and of the lacquer layer corresponding to one another.
EP81108299A 1980-10-29 1981-10-14 Transfer lacquer film and method of making it Expired EP0050794B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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AT81108299T ATE7461T1 (en) 1980-10-29 1981-10-14 TRANSFERABLE PAINT FILM AND METHOD OF PRODUCTION.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL8005935 1980-10-29
NL8005935A NL8005935A (en) 1980-10-29 1980-10-29 TRANSFERABLE LACQUER, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THAT.

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EP0050794A1 EP0050794A1 (en) 1982-05-05
EP0050794B1 true EP0050794B1 (en) 1984-05-16
EP0050794B2 EP0050794B2 (en) 1988-02-10

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EP (1) EP0050794B2 (en)
JP (1) JPS57103889A (en)
KR (1) KR830007151A (en)
AT (1) ATE7461T1 (en)
BR (1) BR8106883A (en)
DE (2) DE3042156C2 (en)
IL (1) IL63975A (en)
NL (1) NL8005935A (en)
ZA (1) ZA816728B (en)

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KR830007151A (en) 1983-10-14
ZA816728B (en) 1982-09-29
IL63975A (en) 1984-10-31
BR8106883A (en) 1982-07-13
ATE7461T1 (en) 1984-06-15
NL8005935A (en) 1982-05-17
US4497851A (en) 1985-02-05
EP0050794B2 (en) 1988-02-10
JPS57103889A (en) 1982-06-28
IL63975A0 (en) 1981-12-31
DE3042156C2 (en) 1984-08-30
US4451522A (en) 1984-05-29
EP0050794A1 (en) 1982-05-05
DE3163661D1 (en) 1984-06-20
DE3042156A1 (en) 1982-05-13
JPS6147719B2 (en) 1986-10-21

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