EP0035762B1 - Appareil pour mélanger un liquide dans un tube à essai - Google Patents

Appareil pour mélanger un liquide dans un tube à essai Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0035762B1
EP0035762B1 EP81101599A EP81101599A EP0035762B1 EP 0035762 B1 EP0035762 B1 EP 0035762B1 EP 81101599 A EP81101599 A EP 81101599A EP 81101599 A EP81101599 A EP 81101599A EP 0035762 B1 EP0035762 B1 EP 0035762B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
test tube
electromagnets
poles
polarity
pole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81101599A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0035762A2 (fr
EP0035762A3 (en
Inventor
Erling Berglund
Hans Ing. Krook
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alfa Wassermann Inc
Original Assignee
Clinicon AB
Alfa Wassermann Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Clinicon AB, Alfa Wassermann Inc filed Critical Clinicon AB
Publication of EP0035762A2 publication Critical patent/EP0035762A2/fr
Publication of EP0035762A3 publication Critical patent/EP0035762A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0035762B1 publication Critical patent/EP0035762B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/45—Magnetic mixers; Mixers with magnetically driven stirrers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F31/00—Mixers with shaking, oscillating, or vibrating mechanisms
    • B01F31/20—Mixing the contents of independent containers, e.g. test tubes
    • B01F31/27—Mixing the contents of independent containers, e.g. test tubes the vibrations being caused by electromagnets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for mixing a liquid in a test tube.
  • the previously known devices for this purpose can essentially be divided into three categories.
  • the first category includes devices that have a rod-like or wire-like stirrer or mixer that can be immersed in the contents of an examination tube and can be set into a vibration or oscillation movement.
  • the construction and operation of such a device are relatively complicated when it is used in a device in which, for example in an automatically operating analysis device, a large number of test tubes are to be automatically brought into a position in which the mixing of the Contents of the test tube should be effected.
  • stirrer component takes droplets from the contents of one test tube with it when it is pulled in and withdrawn from successive test tubes and these droplets are carried into the next test tube, as a result of which the samples in the different test tubes are contaminated.
  • each test tube includes a movable stirrer component made of magnetizable material or in the form of a permanent magnet, which can be set in rotation or in another way by a changing magnetic field generated outside the test tube (see DE-A -2 201 204 and DE-1 638 968).
  • the magnetic field is generated, for example, by electromagnets or a rotating permanent magnet.
  • the third category relates to devices that have a mechanical vibration or shake mechanism that is mechanically connected to the test tube to vibrate or shake it (see US-A-4 042 218). Even with such a device, mechanically movable parts directly outside the examination tube are necessary, with the aforementioned disadvantages. It should also often be difficult to mechanically couple the test tube to the vibration device in a simple and reliable manner. This applies in particular to the automatic analyzers mentioned above, in which there must be a possibility of successively transporting a large number of test tubes to the vibration device and temporarily connecting successive test tubes to it.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to create a device of the type specified in the introduction, with the aid of which the contents of an examination tube can be effectively mixed.
  • the device is intended to avoid the use of a stirring body or stirring elements in the test tube itself and not to require any moving parts outside the test tube or mechanical connections of any kind between the test tube and outer vibrating elements.
  • the device of the type specified in the introduction consists of: an examination tube and an annular holder, in which the examination tube by means of a flange which extends outward from the examination tube and which rests on the annular holder and is suspended in such a way that the examination tube consists of one can swing in a substantially vertical rest position in all directions, the maximum oscillation being limited; a magnetic member attached to the outside at the lower end of the test tube; at least three stationary electromagnets, each with a first pole and a second pole, the first poles of the electromagnets being arranged such that their pole faces lie in a common, essentially horizontal plane, and at a distance below the lower end of the test tube and essentially on a circle through the center of which the axis of the test tube leads in the rest position; and a control device by means of which the electromagnets can be switched on in such a sequence that, due to the magnetic interaction between the magnetic component on the examination tube and the first poles of the electromagnets, an essentially
  • the embodiment of the device according to the invention shown by way of example in the figures is intended for use in connection with an automatically operating analysis device, in which a large number of examination tubes 1, of which only one is shown, is arranged on the periphery of a partially shown turntable 2 and forward is transported, the turntable rotates about an axis of rotation, not shown.
  • the test tubes can be successively transported to at least one position in which they are vibrated or pivoted around in order to cause their contents to mix.
  • the rotary table 2 has on its periphery annular openings 3, the number of which corresponds to the number of examination tubes which it is intended to carry.
  • the examination tubes 1 can extend through these openings 3.
  • Each examination tube 1 has, in the vicinity of its open end, a flange 4 designed as a circumferential lip, which rests on the edge of the associated opening 3.
  • the underside of the lip 4, like the edge of the associated opening 3, is advantageously beveled conically.
  • the diameter of the openings 3 is larger than the outer diameter of the examination tube 1.
  • the test tube 1 advantageously also has a further circumferential annular lip 6, which is arranged on the test tube in such a way that it is located at a certain minimum distance below the lower surface of the rotary table 2 and thus interacts with this lower surface in such a way that the maximum oscillation of the examination tube 1 is limited to a maximum permissible inclined position, which is indicated in FIG. 1 by the two dash-dotted lines 7.
  • the test tube 1, which is suspended from the turntable 2 can for example be immersed in a thermostatic bath 8, which is only partially shown in the drawing and serves the purpose of keeping the contents of the test tubes constant at a certain temperature.
  • each test tube has at its closed end, more precisely on its outer surface, a fixed disk or plate 9 made of a magnetizable material.
  • a fixed disk or plate 9 made of a magnetizable material.
  • electromagnets 10, 11, 12 and 13 are arranged at the point at which the test tubes are to be oscillated.
  • the electromagnets are arranged below the bottom 14 of the bath 8, their iron cores, for example 11a, extending through the bottom 14 of the bath 8.
  • On the upper surface of the base 14 there is one pole surface 10b, 11b, 12b and 13b, which is designed as an anchoring plate, for each core.
  • each pole face 10b, 11b, 12b, 13b is respectively arranged in a corner of a square, the center of which lies below the rest position of the magnetizable plate 9 on the bottom of the examination tube 1, i.e. the pole faces are evenly distributed on a circle, through the center of which the center line 5 of the examination tube 1 runs in its rest position.
  • the electromagnets are switched on in a predetermined order, in such a way that at a certain point in time two adjacent pole faces 10b to 13b are magnetized simultaneously, but with opposite polarities, and the pair of at the same time magnetized pole faces are continuously shifted in a certain direction on the circle on which the pole faces lie. If, for example, the pole faces 10b and 11b are magnetized at the same time, the pole face 10b having the polarity N and the pole face 11b having the polarity S, the pole faces 11b and 12b are magnetized simultaneously in the following time interval, the pole face 11b being one S polarity and the pole face 12b has the polarity N.
  • the pole faces 12b and 13b are magnetized simultaneously, the pole face 12b having the N polarity and the pole face 13b having the S polarity.
  • the pole faces 13b and 10b are magnetized simultaneously, the pole face 13b having the S polarity and the pole face 10b having the N polarity.
  • the liquid in the test tube is thrown along the wall of the test tube, the liquid being mixed very effectively.
  • the speed at which the test tube is moved can be determined by the frequency at which the electromagnets 10 to 13 are excited. In this way, the speed can be set so that the most effective possible mixing is achieved.
  • each of the electromagnets 10 to 13 has the same polarity each time it is excited. This is particularly advantageous since it simplifies the electrical circuit for sequentially switching on the electromagnets, but it is not absolutely necessary to operate the device.
  • the pole faces 10b to 13b of the electromagnets can, for example, also be magnetically excited in the following order:
  • this embodiment of the device according to the invention can in some cases be sensitive to differences in the size of the air gap between the magnetizable plate 9 on the test tube 1 and the pole faces 10b to 13b of the electromagnets 10 to 13.
  • the magnetizable plate 9 on the bottom of the examination tube 1 is replaced by a plate-shaped or disc-shaped permanent magnet, the magnetic axis of which coincides with the axis of the test tube 1, i.e. the disc-shaped magnet has one of its magnetic poles on its upper surface and the second magnetic pole with the opposite polarity on its lower surface.
  • the electromagnets 10 to 13 can preferably be energized in such a sequence that a single electromagnet, for example the electromagnet 10, is supplied with energy at all times, so that its pole face 10b is magnetized with a certain polarity , for example as the North Pole (N). This excitation is then continuously shifted in a certain direction around the circle of electromagnets 10 to 13.
  • the order of magnetization of the pole faces 10b to 13b can be, for example:
  • parentheses are used to indicate that the pole face in question assumes the polarity indicated in parentheses, even though the electromagnet to which it belongs is not energized at the time. This is due to the fact that the cores of the electromagnets 10 to 13 are connected to one another at their lower ends by a magnetizable pole piece 15. If the disc-shaped permanent magnet 9 on the bottom of the examination tube 1 is oriented such that its south pole points downward to the pole faces 10b to 13b, then it is attracted to the pole face which is magnetized with N polarity at a given time. As a result, the test tube 1 is set in a nutation movement, as described above. In this embodiment of the invention, however, this movement is more defined and less dependent on the size of the air gap between the permanent magnet 9 and the pole faces 10b to 13b than in the embodiment of the device described first.
  • the plate or disc 9 is designed as a permanent magnet as described above, but the electromagnets 10 to 13 are switched on in such a sequence and with such polarities that two at a time neighboring electromagnets are simultaneously supplied with energy in such a current direction that their pole faces have the same polarity and the pair of simultaneously excited electromagnets moves continuously around the circle of electromagnets 10 to 13.
  • the magnetization sequence of the pole faces 10b to 13b is, for example, the following:
  • the brackets () are used here with the same meaning as in the previous table.
  • the permanent magnet 9 on the examination tube 1 is attracted to the pair of pole faces 10b to 13b at any time, which is magnetized at that time with the polarity opposite to the lower surface of the permanent magnet.
  • the test tube is set into a nutation movement of the type described above. It is easy to see that in this case it is immaterial which polarity the permanent magnet 9 has on its lower surface.
  • the illustrated and described embodiments of the invention each have four electromagnets 10 to 13 and this number has been proven in practice, it should be expressly pointed out that the number of magnets used can be greater or less than four, for example three, five or six.
  • the device according to the invention can also be modified in other respects within the scope of the invention. It is also easy to see that the device according to the invention can also be used advantageously in conjunction with apparatus other than an automatic analysis device of the type shown schematically in FIG. 1.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)
  • Mixers With Rotating Receptacles And Mixers With Vibration Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)

Claims (11)

1. Dispositif pour mélanger un liquide, constitué par:
un tube à essais et un support annulaire (2, 3), dans lequel le tube à essais (1) est suspendu par une collerette (4) qui s'étend du tube à essais (1) vers l'extérieur et repose sur le support annulaire (2, 3), de sorte que le tube à essais (1) peut osciller dans toutes les directions à partir d'une position de repos (5) sensiblement verticale, le débattement maximal étant limité;
un élément magnétique (9) qui est fixé sur le côté extérieur, à l'extrémité inférieure du tube à essais (1);
au moins trois électro-aimants (10 à 13) disposés fixes ayant chacun un premier pôle (10b à 13b) et un second pôle, les premiers pôles des électro-aimants étant disposés de telle sorte que leurs surfaces polaires se trouvent dans un plan commun sensiblement horizontal, à une certaine distance en dessous.de l'extrémité inférieure du tube à essais (1) et sensiblement sur un cercle par le centre duquel passe l'axe (5) du tube à essais (1) dans la position de repos;
et un dispositif de commande permettant de mettre en circuit les électro-aimants (10 à 13) dans une séquence telle qu'en raison de l'effet magnétique alterné entre l'élément magnétique (9) sur le tube à essais (1) et les premiers pôles (10b à 13b) des électro-aimants, il résulte une rotation du tube à essais autour de sa position de repos sensiblement analogue à une nutation, le point statique du mouvement de nutation se trouvant sensiblement au centre de l'ouverture annulaire (3) du support (2).
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément magnétique (9) sur le tube à essais (1) est en un matériau magnétisable et que les électro-aimants (10-13) sont sélectionnés selon une séquence et avec une polarité telles qu'à chaque instant deux pôles respectivement adjacents parmi les premiers pôles (10b-13b) sont mis en circuit simultanément avec une polarité opposée, et que la paire d'électro-aimants mis en circuit simultanément est déplacée en continu autour du cercle des premiers pôles.
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on prévoit un nombre pair d'électro-aimants (10 à 13) et chaque électro-aimant (10 à 13) est magnétisé avec la même polarité à chaque mise en circuit.
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément magnétique (9) sur le tube à essais (1) est un aimant permanent, orienté de telle sorte que son axe magnétique coïncide sensiblement avec l'axe du tube à essais (1) et que les électro-aimants (10 à 13) sont mis en circuit selon une séquence et avec une polarité telles qu'à chaque instant un des premiers pôles (10b à 13b) est magnétisé avec une première polarité, tandis que les autres premiers pôles sont magnétisés avec la seconde polarité opposée, et que le premier pôle magnétisé avec la première polarité est déplacé en continu autour du cercle des premiers pôles.
5. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément magnétique (9) sur le tube à essais (1) est un aimant permanent qui est orienté de telle sorte que son axe magnétique coïncide sensiblement avec l'axe du tube à essais (1) et que les électro-aimants (10 à 13) sont mis en circuit selon une séquence et avec une polarité telles qu'à chaque instant deux pôles respectivement adjacents parmi les premiers pôles (10b à 13b) sont magnétisés simultanément avec une première polarité, tandis que les autres premiers pôles sont magnétisés avec la seconde polarité opposée, et que la paire de premiers pôles adjacents magnétisée avec la première polarité est déplacée en continu autour du cercle des premiers pôles.
6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que l'aimant permanent (9) sur le tube à essais (1) est orienté de telle sorte que le pôle avec la seconde polarité est plus près des premiers pôles (10b à 13b) des électro-aimants (10 à 13).
7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les seconds pôles des électro-aimants (10 à 13) sont en contact avec une pièce polaire (15) magnétisable, qui est commune à tous les électro-aimants.
8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les électro-aimants (10 à 13) sont des barreaux aimantés et sont disposés l'un à côté de l'autre et parallèles entre eux.
9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'élément magnétique (9) est réalisé sous forme de plaque qui est fixée sur le côté extérieur du fond du tube à essais (1).
10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la collerette (4) sur le tube à essais (1) a une arête inférieure biseautée en oblique, et que l'arête du support annulaire (2, 3), qui porte le tube à essais (1), présente un biseautage conique correspondant.
11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le tube à essais (1) a une autre collerette extérieure annulaire (6) disposée à une distance telle de la collerette (4) reposant sur le support annulaire (2, 3) que cette collerette (6) se trouve à une distance du côté inférieur du support annulaire (2, 3) telle qu'elle coopère avec ce support de façon à limiter le débattement maximal dont peut osciller le tube à essais (1) à partir de sa position de repos (5).
EP81101599A 1980-03-11 1981-03-06 Appareil pour mélanger un liquide dans un tube à essai Expired EP0035762B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8001912 1980-03-11
SE8001912A SE8001912L (sv) 1980-03-11 1980-03-11 Anordning for vibrering av provror

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0035762A2 EP0035762A2 (fr) 1981-09-16
EP0035762A3 EP0035762A3 (en) 1983-03-09
EP0035762B1 true EP0035762B1 (fr) 1984-10-03

Family

ID=20340487

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81101599A Expired EP0035762B1 (fr) 1980-03-11 1981-03-06 Appareil pour mélanger un liquide dans un tube à essai

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4345843A (fr)
EP (1) EP0035762B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS56147621A (fr)
DE (1) DE3166399D1 (fr)
SE (1) SE8001912L (fr)

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JP2535162B2 (ja) * 1987-01-29 1996-09-18 東亜医用電子株式会社 試料撹拌・吸引装置
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JP2761611B2 (ja) * 1992-02-22 1998-06-04 株式会社堀場製作所 分析用の前処理装置
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US5813759A (en) * 1996-07-03 1998-09-29 Dade International Inc. Method and apparatus for vortex mixing using centrifugal force
WO1998006485A1 (fr) * 1996-08-09 1998-02-19 Genex Limited Appareil agitateur
US5856194A (en) 1996-09-19 1999-01-05 Abbott Laboratories Method for determination of item of interest in a sample
US5795784A (en) 1996-09-19 1998-08-18 Abbott Laboratories Method of performing a process for determining an item of interest in a sample
DE59802061D1 (de) * 1997-03-06 2001-12-13 Helmut Herz Einrichtung zum rühren, durchmischen oder bewegen von flüssigkeiten, insbesondere auch zwecks temperierung, konzentrierung und zentrifugierung
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WO1999025476A2 (fr) * 1997-11-14 1999-05-27 Gen-Probe Incorporated Poste de traitement pour analyses
US8337753B2 (en) 1998-05-01 2012-12-25 Gen-Probe Incorporated Temperature-controlled incubator having a receptacle mixing mechanism
US6335166B1 (en) * 1998-05-01 2002-01-01 Gen-Probe Incorporated Automated process for isolating and amplifying a target nucleic acid sequence
US6193892B1 (en) 1999-03-03 2001-02-27 Promega Corporation Magnetic separation assembly and method
ATE337096T1 (de) * 1999-10-20 2006-09-15 Gentra Systems Inc Mix- und giessapparat mit drehbarem arm und zugehörigem gefäss
WO2005008219A2 (fr) 2003-07-18 2005-01-27 Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. Systeme et procede permettant la detection de multiples substances a analyser
US7296924B2 (en) * 2004-02-17 2007-11-20 Advanced Analytical Technologies, Inc. Vortexer
ITMI20040137U1 (it) * 2004-03-31 2004-06-30 Passoni Giovanni Dispositivo agitatore per provette con azionamento senza contatto
DE102006062714B4 (de) * 2006-03-09 2013-02-21 Eppendorf Ag Vorrichtung zum Mischen von Laborgefäß-Inhalten
US7731414B2 (en) 2007-02-08 2010-06-08 Instrumentation Laboratory Company Reagent cartridge mixing tube
US8512558B2 (en) * 2010-02-19 2013-08-20 Roche Molecular Systems, Inc. Magnetic separation system comprising flexible magnetic pins
US20160187239A1 (en) * 2013-07-29 2016-06-30 Mbio Diagnostics, Inc. Assay cartridge processing systems and methods and associated assay cartridges
CN112654850A (zh) * 2018-08-24 2021-04-13 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司 血样分析仪及血样混匀方法
CN113617269B (zh) * 2021-09-24 2022-03-22 无锡市第五人民医院 一种用于医院检验科的试管震荡设备

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0035762A2 (fr) 1981-09-16
DE3166399D1 (en) 1984-11-08
JPS56147621A (en) 1981-11-16
JPS621286B2 (fr) 1987-01-12
SE8001912L (sv) 1981-09-12
EP0035762A3 (en) 1983-03-09
US4345843A (en) 1982-08-24

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