EP0034717B1 - Vehicle or container, particularly a railway goods wagon - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a vehicle or a container, in particular a railway freight wagon, in which two sliding wall parts opposite each other in the transverse direction are each held at the bottom in guides in a pivotable and longitudinally displaceable manner and are articulated at the top via a swivel body with a roof shell extending in the length of these wall parts, the Carry out lifting and swiveling movements in the upper area by rotating the swivel body using an actuator.

A vehicle or a container with the aforementioned features is described in the European patent application published under number 0011 195 and is taken as the basis for the prior art.

The invention has for its object to provide for a vehicle or a container of the generic type as simple and compact as possible, on the drive side with short paths and on the output side operating under limited space.

This object is achieved in that the actuating device for each swivel body has a pivot lever formed from a pivot lever and an adjusting lever, of which the pivot lever is pivotally mounted about a fixed point on the vehicle and the adjusting lever is connected to a drive and pulling force supply drive, the Linkage lever and the adjusting lever at their ends facing away from the fixed point or from the point of application of the drive are rotatably connected to one another by arranging a first coupling which limits the angle of rotation of the adjusting lever and between the adjusting lever and a driver which engages in a form-fitting manner in the swivel body, one with a clearance angle for rotary movements the driver formed second clutch is arranged.

With regard to a spatially particularly compact design of the two clutches is provided according to an embodiment according to the invention that - to form the first clutch - the Anienkhebel is provided with a socket-like head for rotatably receiving a socket-like body of the adjusting lever, the socket-like head of the Hinged lever has stop surfaces for limiting the angle of rotation of the adjusting lever, and that - to form the second coupling - a circular segment-shaped approach of an angularly rigid driver sleeve protrudes into the circular path of an arcuate projection formed on the sleeve-like body of the adjusting lever.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the driver is connected to the adjusting lever so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction in order to separate or create the positive engagement in the swivel body. This configuration is based on the following consideration:

The positive connection between a rigidly arranged driver and the swivel body is inevitably separated or created by longitudinally displacing the swung-out sliding wall parts with the raised roof shell for opening or closing, for example the freight wagon. In particular, when pushing shut, sudden forces may act on the driver and the downstream adjusting lever. The above-mentioned longitudinally movable connection of the driver to the adjusting lever advantageously allows said positive engagement to be separated and created when the sliding wall parts are at rest with the roof shell, thereby avoiding such abrupt forces.

In order to use the drive and compressive forces supplying the drive in a structurally simple and convenient manner for the longitudinal movement of the driver, a supplementary embodiment according to the invention is that the drive is articulated with a hinge on the adjusting lever and engages the driver Swivel piece is connected, wherein a lock also mounted on the adjusting lever in its locked position unites the swivel piece with the adjusting lever and in its released position allows the swivel piece to pivot in the sense of the longitudinal movements of the driver.

For an automatic release of the above-mentioned lock, an additional feature according to the invention provides that the lock runs against a stationary web shortly before reaching the end position of the articulation lever belonging to the open position of the roof shell and the sliding wall parts.

In order to prevent incorrect operation of the actuating device, a further embodiment of the invention consists in that the adjusting lever is locked when the driver is out of engagement in the swivel body by a locking lever which is articulated on the end wall and can be released by inserting the driver into the swivel body.

For the same purpose as described above, in a further embodiment according to the invention, a securing body mounted on the end wall is provided, which engages behind the adjusting lever as soon as the sliding wall parts with the roof shell are pushed in the direction of the open position, and by moving the sliding wall parts with the roof shell back into the closed position of the adjusting lever has the starting position.

With a view to the greatest possible simplification of the actuating device, it is also in the essence of the invention that at the pivotable about the fixed point one with below Ren guide elements for pivoting the pivoting wall part connected lever arrangement is articulated.

In particular, for easy access to the actuating device is provided according to a next embodiment of the invention that the common for the pivot lever formed from the pivot lever and the adjusting lever drive from both sides of the vehicle or container from independently operable operating means, for. B. cranks.

In order to achieve a particularly stable mounting of the articulation lever in a simple manner, a further idea according to the invention is that the articulation lever which is rotatable about the fixed point is movably supported in the region facing away from this fixed point against a guide bar fastened to the end wall in the transverse direction.

In order to inevitably guide the roof shell during its lifting movements, a next embodiment according to the invention provides that the roof shell has a fork-like receptacle for a vertically movably mounted end wall on the end wall side, via which the pulling and compressive force drive can be raised and lowered guide body. The lifting and lowering of the guide body provided in a simple manner by means of the actuating device provides the advantage that a boundary profile that is valid for rail vehicles is maintained when the portal is closed.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the guide body is connected via a lever group to a driven handlebar which acts on the adjusting lever.

In order to be able to use the actuating device also as a holder for the closed roof shell, which itself counteracts unwanted lifting during driving due to its weight, in a further development according to the invention the guide body has a closing profile which bears against the top of the receptacle on the roof shell.

With regard to a simple positioning, in particular of the roof shell when the portal is pushed shut, a supplementary feature according to the invention is that the receptacle on the roof shell has converging contact surfaces for the guide body towards the transverse center of the vehicle or the container. This results in an exact, bumpless joining of the swivel body and the driver.

In an effort to keep the effort required for actuation as small as possible, a convenient, smooth bearing of the guide body according to a further embodiment of the invention is achieved in that the guide body is designed as a tube and is designed to be concave on its outer surface by means of a rotatable end wall Rolls is stored.

The advantages that can be achieved with the object according to the invention consist in particular in that the actuating device is simple and compact, which also benefits its placement on the vehicle or on the container and its functional reliability, with a full lifting or swiveling movement of the roof shell and the Sliding wall parts resulting rotation of the pivot body by approximately 180 ° is generated only by moving the pivot lever formed from the adjusting lever and the link lever within a comparatively small pivot angle.

• Figur 1 den prinzipartigen Querschnitt eines Güterwagens,
• Figur 2 die Einzelheit Z aus Fig. 1, im vergrößerten Maßstab,
• Figur 3 die Einzelheit Y aus Fig. 1, ebenfalls vergrößert,
• Figur 4 die vereinfachte Ansicht gegen die Stirnwand des Güterwagens nach Fig. 1 mit Betätigungseinrichtung,
• Figur 5 den in Fig. 4 rechts oben dargestellten, aus dem Anlenkhebel 11 und dem Verstellhebel 12 gebildeten Schwenkhebel als Einzelteil,
• Figur 6 den Schnitt nach der Linie VI-VI in Fig. 5,
• Figur 7 die Betätigungseinrichtung im oberen Bereich entsprechend Fig. 4, jedoch mit einem weitergestalteten Schwenkhebel,
• Figur 8 die Ansicht in Pfeilrichtung X in Fig. 7,
• Figur 9 den Schwenkhebel gemäß Fig. 7 in Ansicht, im vergrößerten Maßstab,
• Figur 10 die Seitenansicht des Schwenkhebels nach Fig.9,
• Figur 11 die Draufsicht des Schwenkhebels nach Fig. 9,
• Figur 12 den Schnitt nach der Linie XII-XII in Fig. 9,
• Figur 13 den Schnitt nach der Linie XIII-XIII in Fig. 12,
• Figur 14 die Betätigungseinrichtung im Schnitt nach der Linie XIV-XIV in Fig. 4,
• Figur 15 eine weitere Ansicht gegen einen Bereich der Stirnwand des Güterwagens nach Fig.1,
• Figur 16 die vereinfachte Draufsicht zu Fig. 15.

Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are described in more detail below. Show it

• FIG. 1 shows the principle cross section of a freight car,
• FIG. 2 shows the detail Z from FIG. 1, on an enlarged scale,
• 3 shows detail Y from FIG. 1, likewise enlarged,
• FIG. 4 shows the simplified view against the front wall of the freight wagon according to FIG. 1 with the actuating device,
• 5 shows the pivot lever shown in FIG. 4 at the top right, formed from the articulation lever 11 and the adjusting lever 12, as an individual part,
• 6 shows the section along the line VI-VI in FIG. 5,
• FIG. 7 shows the actuating device in the upper area corresponding to FIG. 4, but with a swivel lever that has been further developed,
• 8 shows the view in the direction of arrow X in FIG. 7,
• FIG. 9 shows the swivel lever according to FIG. 7 in view, on an enlarged scale,
• FIG. 10 shows the side view of the swivel lever according to FIG. 9,
• FIG. 11 shows the top view of the pivoting lever according to FIG. 9,
• FIG. 12 shows the section along the line XII-XII in FIG. 9,
• FIG. 13 the section along the line XIII-XIII in FIG. 12,
• FIG. 14 the actuating device in section along the line XIV-XIV in FIG. 4,
• FIG. 15 shows a further view against a region of the end wall of the freight wagon according to FIG. 1,
• FIG. 16 shows the simplified top view of FIG. 15.

In the freight car according to the present exemplary embodiment, the side walls each consist of two sliding wall parts 1. The car roof is formed by two roof shells 2, each of which extends in the length of a sliding wall part 1 and is articulated to the wall parts 1 opposite in the transverse direction of the car via swivel bodies 3. The two portals formed in this way can be guided into an open position by rotating the associated swivel bodies by almost 180 ° and in space - see in particular FIG. 2 - and by moving the lower guide elements 4 described below (see FIG. 3) into an open position Allows longitudinal shifting of the corresponding portal over the other portal in the closed position.

According to FIG. 3, the lower guide elements 4 contain a shaft 4a with swivel arms 4b attached to them, each of which engages in a mounting of carriages 1a provided with rollers 1b on the sliding wall part 1. The sliding wall part 1 is supported in the closed position via a web 1 c on its carriage 1a on a long beam 5a of the carriage underframe 5 and - after the shaft 4a has been moved - in the open position on a track 5b lying in front of the shaft 4a on the underframe 5 is held in a longitudinally displaceable manner.

Moreover, each portal according to FIG. 2 is held in the closed position by the swivel body 3 being above the dead center position, that is to say without the interlocks otherwise required. In the open position of the portal, a flange 2a of this shell 2 and a flange 1d of the sliding wall part 1 rest against the respective swivel body 3 under the weight of the roof shell 2 in the sense of stabilization, with additional protection against movement of the opened sliding wall parts 1 in the direction of a longitudinal bracket 3a is mounted on the end of the car body at the end wall end of the swivel body 3 and acts against a nose 1e on the sliding wall part 1.

The actuating device - see initially FIG. 4 - for the aforementioned rotation of the swivel body 3 and the movement of the shafts 4a of each portal is mounted on the corresponding end wall of the freight wagon and is configured as follows:

For convenient access from each Wa Gense ⁱ te forth are two, with handwheel or crank 6a provided operation shafts 6 (see also Fig. 14) via plug-in connectors 6b independently of one another with a bottom, the direction of force deflecting transmission 7, here a bevel gear 7, connectable. A drive shaft 8 is used to connect an upper worm gear 9 to the lower bevel gear 7.

As can also be seen from FIG. 4, the worm gear 9 carries on the output side a rotary lever 9a, the ends of which each hold a handlebar 10, preferably by means of a ball head. As an alternative to worm gear 9 and rotary lever 9a, a further bevel gear 7a is provided according to FIG. 15, which cooperates with the respective handlebar 10 via a threaded spindle 7b with nut 7c.

The free end of each handlebar rod 10 is operatively connected to a pivot lever, which is formed from an arm lever 11 and an adjusting lever 12 and is shown as an individual part in FIGS. 5 and 6. The articulation lever 11 is rotatable about a fixed point 13 on the end wall and is supported in a region facing away from the fixed point 13 against a guide bar 25 fastened on the end wall (see FIG. 7). The articulation lever 11 has a bush-like head 11a which has a stop surface 11 for the adjusting lever 12 which delimits a recess in this head 11a, as a result of which a first coupling which limits the angle of rotation of the adjusting lever 12 is formed. The bush-like head 11a of the articulation lever 11 receives a likewise bush-like body 12a of the adjusting lever 12 with the interposition of a sliding bush 14. To form a second coupling, there is an arcuate projection 12b on the socket-like body 12a of the adjusting lever 12, in the circular path of which a projection 15b in the form of a segment of a driver bush 15a protrudes. The driver bush 15a is mounted via a further inner slide bush 14a in the bush-like body 12a of the adjusting lever 12 and is connected in a rotationally fixed manner via a feather key to the one end of a driver 15, shown in particular in FIG. 11, the other end of which engages in a form-fitting manner in the swivel body 3 Flattening 15c. Otherwise, a cover plate 11 screwed to the bush-like head 11a of the articulation lever 11 secures the parts arranged in this head 11a against falling out.

As can also be seen from FIG. 4 or 7, a connecting lever 19 is articulated on the articulation lever 11 of each pivoting lever in view of the pivoting out and inward pivoting of the associated sliding wall part 1, which actuates a lifting rod 21 via a rigid angle lever 20. The lifting rod 21 engages an arm 4c attached to the end wall on the shaft 4a for rotating this shaft 4a.

The actuating device works in the following way: The movement initiated to open a portal with one of the operating shafts 6 passes through bevel gear 7, drive shaft 8, worm gear 9, rotary lever 9a and the handlebars 10 to the adjusting levers 12 of the two swivel levers, which in the direction of the Link lever 11 are pressed. The respective adjusting lever 12 rotates within the bush-like head 11a of the articulation lever 11 which initially remains in its position; the arcuate projection 12b of the body 12a on the adjusting lever 12 acts against the segment 15b of the driver bush 15a, so that ultimately the pivot body 3 executes the corresponding rotational movement about its wall-side axis of rotation 3b via the driver 15 connected to this bush 15a. The angle of rotation of the adjusting lever 12 is limited by the right abutment surface 11 b on the head 11 a of the articulation lever 11 in the drawing plane of FIG. 5. The abovementioned stop surface 11b is arranged such that, when the limitation has taken place, the swivel body 3 has in any case come from its over-dead center position into the closed position in a position which permits the swivel body 3 to be rotated further by swiveling the articulation lever 11 about the fixed point 13 on the end wall. In this case, the wall-side axis of rotation 3b reaches the outside in an almost straight line and the roof-side axis of rotation Axis 3c also upwards until the swivel body is approximately vertical in a new dead center and subsequently swings into the open position.

On the way of the swivel body 3 into the open position, the segment 15b of the driver bush 15a lifts off from one side of the arcuate projection 12b of the body 12a on the adjusting lever 12 and rests against the other side of the projection 12b in the open position. To close the portal, the adjusting lever 12 of the swivel lever is again operated first; the driver bush 15a is rotated by the aforementioned interaction of the arcuate projection 12b with the segment 15b in the form of a segment of a circle, and the swivel body is moved approximately into its vertical position about its wall-side axis of rotation 3b. The left stop surface 11b in FIG. 5 on the head 11a of the articulation lever 11 limits the angle of rotation of the adjustment lever 12. The closing ends when the articulation lever 11 is pivoted back.

When a portal is moved longitudinally for loading or unloading the freight wagon, the positive connection between the respective swivel body 3 and the flat 15c of the driver 15 is canceled. When the portal is pushed shut, this connection is formed again, with a jaw-shaped expansion of the swivel body 3 compensating for an offset that is within the permitted manufacturing tolerance. In order to keep the swivel body and the driver 15 free of dynamic forces in any case, which can occur during the aforementioned formation of the positive connection, the driver 15 is movable in the longitudinal direction in the swivel lever according to FIGS. This pivot lever is based on the structure according to FIGS. And 6. In addition to this, the adjusting lever 12 is provided with a support plate 12c which receives a bolt 12e for a swivel piece 12f in bearing eyes 12d. The handlebar rod 10 of the drive engages a swivel fork 12g of the swivel piece 12f. A lock 16 mounted on the support plate 12c of the adjusting lever 12 ensures that the pivot piece 12f cannot initially rotate about the bolt 12e. A driving fork 12h of the swivel piece 12f is used for the rotatable fastening - for this purpose screws 17 and sleeves 17a - of a bearing bush 15d, which holds the end facing away from the flat 15c of the driving member 15. The driver 15 is here connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the driver bush 15a via a shaft 15e which is square in cross section. The portal is opened in the manner already described, i.e. by turning the adjusting lever 12, here with the support plate 12c, and moving the articulation lever 11 around the fixed point 13 on the end wall. The lock 16 runs against a web 18 shortly before the articulation lever 11 reaches the end position on the end wall (see Fig. 7) and ultimately releases the pivot piece 12f. By continuing to operate the crank 6a, the swivel piece 12f is rotated about the bolt 12e until the sleeves 17a in the driving fork 12h of the swivel piece 12f have passed through the curved path 12j located in this fork 12h (see FIG. 11). The flattened portion 15c of the driver 15 is pulled out of the swivel body and brought into a position that lies outside the run-up level of the retracted portal. The insertion of the driver 15 into the swivel body 3 is accordingly reversed and before the explained closing of the portal.

7 and 8, a securing body 22 is shown in the operative position with the longitudinally displaced portal, which locks the adjusting lever 12 in this position of the portal. For this purpose, this securing body 22 is rotatably mounted on a bracket 23 of the end wall and moves automatically through a counterweight 22a when the portal is moved longitudinally to open it; a web 22b of the securing body 22 then engages behind a nose 12k which, according to FIG. 5, is located directly on the adjusting lever 12 and according to FIGS. 7 and 9 on its supporting plate 12c. The portal guides the securing body 22 back against the force of the counterweight 22b into the starting position, not shown, via a trigger 3d shown in FIG. 1, which is fastened to the folding bracket 3a.

A further safety lever 24 shown in FIG. 8 ensures, independently of the safety body 22, that the adjusting lever 12 can only be moved back when the driver 15 has positively engaged in the swivel body 3. This safety lever 124 is also mounted on the end wall outside its center of gravity, is tilted when the articulation lever 11 is moved into the open position via an inclined surface 121 on the support plate 12c of the adjusting lever 12 (see FIG. 11) and finally snaps behind one at the end of the inclined surface 121 on the support plate 12c Adjusting lever 12 (see FIG. 11) is tilted and finally snaps behind a cam 12m located at the end of inclined surface 121. A mandrel 12 attached to the swivel piece 12f of the adjusting lever 12 guides the safety lever 24 back into its initial position when the positive connection between the driver 15 and the swivel body 3 is formed and then enables the closing process.

The arrangement shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 forms in particular a guide for the roof shell 2 during its lifting movements. For this purpose, the roof shell 2 is provided with a fork-like receptacle 2b for a guide body 26 located on the end wall 29, which is mounted so as to be vertically movable via rollers 28 which are rotatably fastened there and have a concave design on their outer surface. In order to be able to raise or lower the guide body 26 in a simple manner in accordance with the lifting movements of the roof shell 2, it is on the one hand on the nut 7c on the threaded spindle 7b of the upper bevel gear mechanism bes 7a and on the other hand connected to the adjusting lever 12 handlebar 10 via a lever group 27 with the guide body 26 in operative connection.

As can also be seen from FIGS. 15 and 16, the guide body 26 has an end profile 26a which bears against the top of the receptacle 2b on the roof shell 2. As a result, a holder for the closed roof shell 2 is formed. In addition, the bevels 2c of the receptacle 2b shown in FIG. 16, together with the guide body 26, position the roof shell 2 in particular when the portal is pushed shut.

Claims (15)

1. Vehicle or container, particularly a railway goods wagon, in which two sliding wall parts (1), disposed opposite one another in the transverse direction, are in each case held at the bottom in guides so as to be pivotable and longitudinally displaceable and are connected at the top in a hinged manner by means of a respective pivoting member (3) to a roof shell (2) extending along these wall parts (1), the roof shell (2) and the sliding wall parts (1) describing lifting or pivoting movements, respectively, in the upper region as a result of the pivoting member (3) being rotated by means of an actuating device, characterised in that, for each pivoting member (3), the actuating device comprises a pivoting lever formed from an articulated lever (11) and an adjusting lever (12), of which the articulated lever(11) is pivotably mounted about a fixed point (13) on the side of the vehicle and the adjusting lever (12) is connected to a drive supplying tractive and compressive forces, the articulated lever (11) and the adjusting lever (12) being connected together in a rotatable manner at their ends remote from the fixed point (13) or from the point of application of the drive, with the arrangement of a first coupling limiting the angle of rotation of the adjusting lever, and a second coupling, formed with a clearance angle for rotary movements of a cam (15), being arranged between the adjusting lever (12) and the cam (15), which engages in a positive manner with the pivoting member (3).

2. Vehicle or container according to claim 1, characterised in that - in order to form the first coupling - the articulated lever (11) is provided with a sleeve-like head (11 a) for rotatably holding a sleeve-like member (12a) of the adjusting lever (12), the sleevelike head (11a) if the articulated lever (11) comprising stop surfaces (11b) for limiting the angle of rotation of the adjusting lever (12), and that - in order to form the second coupling - an extension (15b), in the shape of a segment of a circle, of a driving bush (15a) secured to the cam (15) in an angularly fixed manner projects into the circular path of a curved projection (12b) formed on the sleeve-like member (12a) of the adjusting lever (12).

3. Vehicle or container according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the cam (15) is connected to the adjusting lever (12) so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction in order to release or establish the positive engagement with the pivoting member (3).

4. Vehicle or container according to claim 3, characterised in that the drive is connected to a pivoting part (12f) articulated in the manner of a hinge to the adjusting lever (12) and acting on the cam (15), and a lock (16), also mounted on the adjusting lever (12), joins the pivoting part (12f) to the adjusting lever (12) when in its locked position and causes the pivoting part (12f) to pivot in accordance with the longitudinal movements of the cam (15) when in its released position.

5. Vehicle or container according to claim 4, characterised in that the lock (16) comes into contact with a stationary bar (18) shortly before reaching the end position of the articulated lever (11) relating to the open position of the roof shell (2) and the sliding wall parts (1).

6. Vehicle or container according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterised in that, when the cam (15) is released from the pivoting member (3), the adjusting lever (12) is arrested by a saftey lever (24) which is articulated at the front wall and can be released when the cam (15) is inserted in the pivoting member (3).

7. Vehicle or container according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised by a safety member (22) which is mounted at the front wall, engages behind the adjusting lever (12) as soon as the sliding wall parts (1), together with the roof shell (2), are moved in the direction of the open position and whose starting position, which enables the adjusting lever (12) to move, is obtained by moving the sliding wall parts (1) and the roof shell (2) back into the closed position.

8. Vehicle or container according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that a lever arrangement (19, 20, 21), which is connected to lower guide elements (4) in order to swing the sliding wall parts (1) outwards and inwards, is articulated to the articulated lever (11) which is rotatable about the fixed point (13)..

9. Vehicle or container according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the drive common to the pivoting levers formed in each case from the articulated lever (11) and the adjusting lever (12) comprises operating means, e. g. cranks (6a) which can be operated independently of one another from both longitudinal sides of the vehicle or container.

10. Vehicle or container according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the articulated fever (11), which is rotatable about the fixed point (13), is supported so as to be movable in its region remote from this fixed point (13) in the transverse direction towards a guide bar (25) secured at the front wall.

11. Vehicle or container according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the roof shell (2) comprises a fork-like holder (2b) for a guide member (26) which is mounted at the front wall so as to be vertically movable and can be raised and lowered by the drive supplying the tractive and compressive forces.

12. Vehicle or container according to claim 11, characterised in that the guide member (26) is connected to a driven guide bar (10), which acts on the adjusting lever (12), by way of a lever group (27).

13. Vehicle or container according to claim 11 or 12, characterised in that the guide member (26) comprises an end profile (26a) resting against the upper side of the holder (2b) at the roof shell (2).

14. Vehicle or container according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterised in that the holder (2b) at the roof shell (2) comprises butting faces (2c) converging towards the transverse centre of the vehicle or the container for the guide member (26).

15. Vehicle or container according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterised in that the guide member (26) is formed as a tube and is mounted on rollers (28) rotatably mounted at the front wall and having a concave surface area.

Images