EP0024584B1 - Überspannungsableiter mit Funkenstrecke - Google Patents

Überspannungsableiter mit Funkenstrecke Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0024584B1
EP0024584B1 EP80104593A EP80104593A EP0024584B1 EP 0024584 B1 EP0024584 B1 EP 0024584B1 EP 80104593 A EP80104593 A EP 80104593A EP 80104593 A EP80104593 A EP 80104593A EP 0024584 B1 EP0024584 B1 EP 0024584B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
surge arrester
arrester according
electrodes
gas
insulating body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80104593A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0024584A1 (de
Inventor
Peter Dr.-Ing. Hasse
Johannes Prof. Dr.-Ing. Wiesinger
Erich Dr.-Ing. Pivit
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bosch Telecom GmbH
Original Assignee
ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH filed Critical ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH
Publication of EP0024584A1 publication Critical patent/EP0024584A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0024584B1 publication Critical patent/EP0024584B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/02—Means for extinguishing arc
    • H01T1/08—Means for extinguishing arc using flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01T1/10—Means for extinguishing arc using flow of arc-extinguishing fluid with extinguishing fluid evolved from solid material by heat of arc

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a surge arrester, in particular for the limitation of overvoltages in low-voltage systems and for the lightning-protection coupling of galvanically isolated circuits with at least one spark gap according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a metallic resistor with a high positive temperature coefficient is inserted in the supply line.
  • this resistance will take on very high values, so that the line follow currents are limited to small values and are therefore more easily extinguished, but at the same time by the Voltage drop across the resistor, higher overvoltage values are passed on to the connected low-voltage systems.
  • Such an arrester is not suitable for direct lightning strikes.
  • surge arresters have become known, for example, from DE-OS 2 337 743 and 2 627 648, the flashover in the outer region either between the outer surfaces of the preferably planar, disc-shaped electrodes, the end surfaces of which are kept at a distance by an insulation layer, or between the outer surface one and the end face of the other electrode.
  • this surge arrester it is advantageous that the energy generated in the event of a flashover should be dissipated quickly, thus eliminating the risk of explosion.
  • the surge arrester according to the invention has the advantage that the energy generated during the flashover is used to generate a sufficient amount of extinguishing gas from the chamber walls made of appropriate insulating material (hard gas) in such a way that the arc is pushed away from the gap and the ionized gases quickly and be blown to the outside without traffic jams so that no further ignition from the mains voltage can take place after the end of the overvoltage.
  • Appropriate geometrical designs of the electrodes and the chamber areas surrounding them result in a "broadband" quenching behavior, ie. H. for any current strength. Because the arc is pushed away from the inside out, the ignition area does not burn excessively, which results in a long service life.
  • Optimal refinements of the invention result from disk-shaped insulating bodies which serve as spacers between the electrodes, through rotationally symmetrical arrangements of electrodes and spacers, in particular with the same diameter. Further good training consists in hollow cylindrical arrangements of the one electrode and the insulating body.
  • the arc discharge region 1 is located between the lateral surfaces of the disk-shaped electrodes 2, 3 and 3, 4, which are kept at a distance by insulating bodies 6, 6 '.
  • a common hollow cylinder 6a is arranged over both spark gaps, the spark gaps being sealed off from each other so that they cannot unite.
  • the hollow cylinder 6a has annular outlet openings 8 at the top and bottom and borehole-shaped outlet openings 8b on its outer surface.
  • the upper spark gap has a spacing insulating body 6, which can also consist of hard gas or a similar substance that emits gas in the region 1 under the action of heat from the arc. Such an insulating body provides an additional improvement in the extinguishing behavior.
  • the lower spark gap between the electrodes 3 and 4 has a spacing insulating body 6 ', which consists not of hard gas but of mica. This has the advantage that the double spark gap still has the required insulation resistance if the insulating body (6) from hard gas in the upper spark gap has burned or melted after a long period of use and is no longer able to sufficiently isolate the electrodes 2 and 3 from one another.
  • each spark gap is surrounded by a hollow cylinder made of hard gas 6b.
  • This hollow cylinder is inserted in each case on the outer electrodes 2 and 4 in their likewise hollow cylindrical extensions 20 and 40 such that there is only one opening on the connecting piece 30 of the two electrodes 3.
  • the two spark gaps are also sealed off by an annular insulating material 6c around the connecting piece 30, so that they cannot unite.
  • This arrangement of electrodes and insulating material creates a chamber-like area 5 on each of the outer electrodes 2, 4, in which a gas overpressure can develop during the arc discharge. This excess gas pressure can dissipate via the annular channel 10 and past the annular insulating material 6c through the band-ring-shaped opening 8, the arc discharge area being blown out cleanly.
  • Fig. 2a shows another embodiment of the invention, wherein a hollow cylindrical top electrode 2 'is placed over a cylindrical lower electrode 3' in such a way that a closed chamber 5 is formed between the end faces and an arc discharge unfolds between the outer surfaces in area 1 can.
  • a likewise hollow-cylindrical body made of hard gas 6e between the jacket surfaces so that the arc cannot migrate into chamber 5 and, especially with larger currents, down into area 1 'between the outer jacket surface of the lower inner one
  • Electrode 3 'and the phase surface 21 or the lower end face 22 of the electrode 2' is pressed.
  • the electrode 2 ' has a disc-shaped extension 20 at the top.
  • the hard gas cylinder has borehole-shaped openings 8a, b on its bottom surface and on its lateral surface, through which the gases generated during the arc discharge can escape, the excess pressure arising in the chamber 5 contributing to the clean discharge of the arc discharge area.
  • FIG. 2b shows an advantageous embodiment of the invention, wherein three disk-shaped electrodes 2, 3, 4, which are insulated from one another by disk-shaped spacing insulating bodies 6, 6 'and are kept at a distance, are arranged one above the other. Both spark gaps are surrounded by a hollow cylinder made of hard gas 6f closed at the top in such a way that an annular outlet opening 8 remains on the lower electrode 4.
  • the two outer electrodes 2 and 4 have a jump in diameter at a certain distance.
  • the two single rollover sections 1 combine shortly after the ignition (approximately after 20 microseconds) in such a way that an arc discharge only takes place between the changes in diameter of the two outer electrodes 2, 4 in the region 1 ', the same being pressed magnetically against the center electrode, strongly cooled there and in turn repelled.
  • a stable arc is formed at a medium distance from the central electrode.
  • hardly any discharge occurs at the gaps between the electrodes or at their edges, so that there is only a particularly small amount of erosion.
  • one insulator is made with hard gas 6 and the other with mica 6 ', such a surge arrester according to the invention combines a high level of reliability, a long service life and optimal extinguishing behavior for mains after-currents.
  • FIG. 3 shows another exemplary embodiment according to the invention, in which the two disk-shaped electrodes 2, 3 are kept at a distance by an insulating body of the same diameter made of hard gas 6. Due to the one-sided closed hollow cylinder surrounding the two electrodes 2, 3 and their connections 20, 30, which has an annular outlet opening 8 at the bottom and the walls of which are made of hard gas 6f, which produces extinguishing gas under the action of heat from the arc, an overpressure which has a favorable effect on the extinguishing of the arc. The two electrodes experience a jump in diameter at a certain distance from one another and have a further increase in diameter with increasing distance. In this way, the arc can increase with increasing electricity Unfold thickness from area 1 between the outer surfaces of electrodes 2 and 3 (area 1 ').
  • this gap is not only filled with air but also with hard gas 6g, whereby an increased blowing effect for extinguishing the arc is achieved.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
EP80104593A 1979-08-24 1980-08-04 Überspannungsableiter mit Funkenstrecke Expired EP0024584B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2934236A DE2934236C2 (de) 1979-08-24 1979-08-24 Überspannungsableiter mit Funkenstrecke
DE2934236 1979-08-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0024584A1 EP0024584A1 (de) 1981-03-11
EP0024584B1 true EP0024584B1 (de) 1984-11-21

Family

ID=6079187

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80104593A Expired EP0024584B1 (de) 1979-08-24 1980-08-04 Überspannungsableiter mit Funkenstrecke

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4345295A (da)
EP (1) EP0024584B1 (da)
CA (1) CA1158299A (da)
DE (1) DE2934236C2 (da)
DK (1) DK155479C (da)

Families Citing this family (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3016265C2 (de) * 1980-04-26 1984-05-17 ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH, 7150 Backnang Überspannungsableiter mit Funkenstrecke
US4529958A (en) 1983-05-02 1985-07-16 Dale Electronics, Inc. Electrical resistor
DE3546916C2 (de) * 1984-06-18 1996-09-26 Dale Electronics Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Hochleistungswiderstandes mit niedrigem Widerstandswert
DE3716997A1 (de) * 1987-05-21 1988-12-08 Phoenix Elekt Ueberspannungsschutzgeraet
DE3808593A1 (de) * 1988-03-15 1989-09-28 Gutehoffnungshuette Man Radsatzfuehrung fuer drehgestelle von schienenfahrzeugen, insbesondere fahrzeuge des nahverkehrs
DE4141681C2 (de) * 1991-12-17 1996-11-14 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co Überspannungsschutzelement
DE4141682C2 (de) * 1991-12-17 1996-09-26 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co Überspannungsschutzelement
DE4240138C2 (de) * 1992-11-28 1995-05-24 Dehn & Soehne Blitzstromtragfähige Anordnung mit zumindest zwei in Reihe geschalteten Funkenstrecken
DE4244051C2 (de) * 1992-12-28 1996-03-14 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co Überspannungsschutzelement
DE4402615C3 (de) * 1993-05-31 2000-01-05 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co Überspannungsschutzelement
DE4447567B4 (de) * 1993-05-31 2019-01-03 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Überspannungsschutzelement
DE4439730C2 (de) * 1994-10-17 1996-09-26 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co Überspannungsschutzelement
DE4435968C2 (de) * 1994-10-07 1996-09-12 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co Überspannungsschutzelement
ATE250289T1 (de) 1994-10-07 2003-10-15 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co Überspannungsschutzelement
DE19604947C1 (de) 1996-02-10 1997-07-10 Dehn & Soehne Verfahren zur Beeinflussung des Folgestromlöschvermögens von Funkenstreckenanordnungen und Funkenstreckenanordnungen hierfür
DE19619334A1 (de) * 1996-05-14 1997-11-20 Dehn & Soehne Verfahren zur Löschung des Lichtbogens des Netzfolgestromes in einer Funkenstrecke sowie Funkenstreckenanordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE19717802B4 (de) * 1997-04-26 2009-09-17 Dehn + Söhne GmbH + Co KG Funkenstrecke
DE19818674B4 (de) 1998-04-27 2004-04-29 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Überspannungsschutzelement
US6473285B1 (en) * 2000-09-13 2002-10-29 Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. Surge-gap end plug
HUE041794T2 (hu) * 2009-01-19 2019-05-28 Aktsionernoe Obschestvo Npo Streamer Levezetõ villámvédeleméhez és nagyteljesítményû távvezeték ilyen levezetõvel
DE102014107409A1 (de) * 2014-05-26 2015-11-26 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Überspannungsableiter

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE739028C (de) * 1939-01-05 1943-09-09 Siemens Ag UEberspannungsableiter mit einer in einem Loeschrohr angeordneten Schutzfunkenstrecke
DE922724C (de) * 1939-04-22 1955-01-24 Aeg UEberspannungsableiter mit Ausblase-Roehrenfunkenstrecke
US2443017A (en) * 1944-07-18 1948-06-08 Gen Electric Electric arc extinguishing apparatus
US2628322A (en) * 1951-11-23 1953-02-10 Joslyn Mfg & Supply Co Lightning arrester
US2907910A (en) * 1956-08-20 1959-10-06 Westinghouse Air Brake Co Protective electrical discharge devices
DE1846683U (de) * 1959-04-24 1962-02-15 Bayerische Schrauben Und Feder Elektrische durchschlagssicherungsvorrichtung.
US2987642A (en) * 1959-07-29 1961-06-06 Joslyn Mfg & Supply Co Secondary lightning arrester
US3059081A (en) * 1959-09-04 1962-10-16 Westinghouse Electric Corp Self-generated gas blast circuit interrupter embodying high molecular weight polyoxymethylenes
US3141108A (en) * 1961-12-26 1964-07-14 Sigma Instruments Inc Lightning arrester with an arcextinguishing gas
US3283196A (en) * 1965-02-04 1966-11-01 Westinghouse Electric Corp Expulsion lightning arrester
US3458676A (en) * 1965-10-22 1969-07-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupter of the gaseous puffer-type having series high-current explosion chamber with series-connected activated carbon therein
US3454811A (en) * 1967-04-18 1969-07-08 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Gas tube surge (overload) protection device
US3658680A (en) * 1968-09-04 1972-04-25 Thomson Csf Apparatus for forming silicon carbide filaments
CH516878A (de) * 1970-09-18 1971-12-15 Sprecher & Schuh Ag Funkenstrecke konstanter Ansprechspannung
CH557606A (de) * 1973-04-12 1974-12-31 Dehn & Soehne Funkenstrecke.
DE2337743C3 (de) * 1973-07-25 1981-01-15 Dehn + Soehne Gmbh + Co Kg, 8500 Nuernberg Funkenstrecke
DE2627648C2 (de) * 1976-06-19 1982-05-19 Dehn + Söhne GmbH + Co KG, 8500 Nürnberg Funkenstrecke

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK155479C (da) 1989-09-04
US4345295A (en) 1982-08-17
CA1158299A (en) 1983-12-06
DE2934236C2 (de) 1983-02-24
DE2934236A1 (de) 1981-03-26
EP0024584A1 (de) 1981-03-11
DK360080A (da) 1981-02-25
DK155479B (da) 1989-04-10

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