EP0015174B1 - Dispositif de mise à poste de l'obus pour matériel d'artillerie - Google Patents

Dispositif de mise à poste de l'obus pour matériel d'artillerie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0015174B1
EP0015174B1 EP19800400115 EP80400115A EP0015174B1 EP 0015174 B1 EP0015174 B1 EP 0015174B1 EP 19800400115 EP19800400115 EP 19800400115 EP 80400115 A EP80400115 A EP 80400115A EP 0015174 B1 EP0015174 B1 EP 0015174B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weapon
ammunition
ramming
chamber
arm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19800400115
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0015174A1 (fr
Inventor
J. Claude Lasfargues
Pierre Dubedat
Robert Valat
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cessione giat Industries
Original Assignee
Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Direction General pour lArmement DGA filed Critical Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Publication of EP0015174A1 publication Critical patent/EP0015174A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0015174B1 publication Critical patent/EP0015174B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/06—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using cyclically moving conveyors, i.e. conveyors having ammunition pusher or carrier elements which are emptied or disengaged from the ammunition during the return stroke
    • F41A9/09—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines
    • F41A9/10—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging
    • F41A9/13—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging in a vertical plane
    • F41A9/14—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging in a vertical plane which is transverse to the barrel axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/38—Loading arrangements, i.e. for bringing the ammunition into the firing position
    • F41A9/39—Ramming arrangements
    • F41A9/42—Rammers separate from breech-block

Definitions

  • the technical sector of the present invention is that of large and medium caliber weapons and in particular their rapid loading devices as well as methods of placing ammunition in the weapon.
  • the mechanism according to the invention is particularly applicable to artillery pieces of large or medium caliber, that is to say of at least 60 mm in which each shell and the corresponding charge must be introduced into the chamber of the tube and for which the discharge must be carried out automatically.
  • the load can be either a socket, in the form of a self-combustible tube, or a gargoyle.
  • Firing with this kind of weapon often raises difficulties especially if it must be rapid and continuous because the loading of the ammunition and its repression are strenuous works often difficult to execute, in particular for the angles of shooting close to the vertical.
  • the available space is reduced, which generally prevents the use of known loading and delivery devices whose dimensions are incompatible with the space left free at the rear of the barrel when the latter is on site. maximum.
  • the loading must therefore be carried out manually, which is delicate and tiring for the operator because of the arrangement of the barrel, whose breech opening is very close to the ground and strongly inclined for significant angles of elevation and because of the weight and dimensions of the ammunition.
  • GB-A-732 289 describes a mechanism for automatically placing ammunition from a first position external to the weapon to a final position in the breech chamber of a weapon mounted on a cradle and the chamber has a cone forcing the ammunition.
  • This mechanism comprises a delivery device with continuous thrust from the ammunition to the forcing cone, and two delivery means operating successively, the sum of the strokes of each of the two delivery means being equal to the total delivery stroke, the means of discharge being all integral with the same support.
  • the mechanism comprises, in combination with the delivery means, means for bringing the munition from a first lateral position with respect to the weapon to a second axial position behind the chamber of the weapon.
  • This type of device has a large number of drawbacks, in addition to its complexity which results in a fragility detrimental to the reliability of the operation of the barrel, the device introduces irregularities in the effort of forcing the ammunition into the chamber of the weapon, this which affects the regularity of the shot.
  • the behavior of the system is not indifferent to the length and mass of the ammunition since the kinetic energy developed during its projection is different depending on the mass of the different types of ammunition used .
  • the shell if it is badly blocked on the forcing side, risks falling back towards the rear of the barrel and being fired in an abnormal position, which can be seriously detrimental to safe operation of the weapon.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks by using a different delivery principle which allows the ammunition to be accompanied by the delivery device up to the blocking position.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a mechanism for automatically placing ammunition from a first position external to the weapon to a final position in the breech chamber of a medium or large caliber weapon mounted on a cradle, and the chamber of which comprises a forcing cone, of the ammunition, mechanism comprising a delivery device with continuous thrust from the ammunition to the forcing cone, comprising at least two delivery means operating successively, the sum of the strokes each of the delivery means being equal to the total delivery stroke, the mechanism comprising, in combination with the delivery means, means for supplying the ammunition from the first lateral position with respect to the weapon, up to a second axial position behind the chamber of the weapon, the support of the delivery means being constituted by the supply means comprising a loading stretcher in the form of a trough elongated in the longitudinal direction udinal of the weapon, mechanism characterized in that the stretcher is integral with an arm on which it can pivot around an axis and movable radially with respect to the longitudinal direction, the second delivery means being actuated by the stretcher
  • the first delivery means is constituted by a chain delivery device comprising a delivery head, the chain delivery device being arranged longitudinally on the external convex part of the stretcher, the delivery head being arranged inside of the stretcher and being movable along a slot in the stretcher during the thrust movement of the ammunition to an intermediate position in the chamber of the weapon, and the second means of delivery consists of a pusher cylinder arranged longitudinally on the outer convex part of the stretcher.
  • the second delivery means is arranged so that, after the rotation movement of the stretcher, the head of the push cylinder is disposed in the vicinity of the part of the ammunition, the latter being located in the intermediate position in the chamber of the weapon, and the cylinder head bears on the ammunition until the latter is blocked on the forcing cone in its final position.
  • the feed device can comprise at least one arm support integral with the cradle of the support weapon on which the arm can pivot around an axis and radially with respect to the axis of the weapon by means of a jack. , said arm jack, to allow the ammunition to be brought from a first external position of the weapon to a second position centered on the axis of the weapon behind the breech chamber.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show an artillery piece equipped with a 155 mm tube, in the firing position.
  • the barrel 1 is mounted on a mount 2, allowing the pointing in site.
  • the lookout is itself mounted on a harness 3, allowing pointing in deposit.
  • the barrel comprises a cradle 4, in which the tube slides on slides 29 during its retreat.
  • the part moves on wheels including two main driving wheels 5, and two swivel wheels 6 mounted at the end of the arrows 7.
  • the hydraulic energy necessary for the operation of the equipment is distributed by a motor-pump group, located at the front of the harness, inside a box 10.
  • the aiming in height is carried out using hydraulic cylinders 11, arranged between the carriage, and the cradle of the artillery.
  • the pointing in bearing is carried out by means of a hydraulic motor which transmits the rotational movement to a toothed circular by means of a pointing box.
  • the swivel wheel integral with each of the arrows, ensures the extraction of the knives, and further constitutes a jib servant which facilitates the opening and closing operations of the arrows, and those for attaching or detaching to the towing vehicle.
  • the shift mechanism according to the invention is located at the rear part of the weapon.
  • the barrel is pointed at maximum site under the action of the jacks 11.
  • the space available for the mechanism is of the order of one meter for a cannon of caliber 155 mm while the necessary length to bring the shell from its standby position 13 at the entrance of the breech to the forcing cone 14 is of the order of two meters.
  • the device according to the invention will be exemplified in the remainder of this description in a configuration where it is suitable for a breech weapon with a horizontal corner with opening, 15, lateral to the right.
  • the assembly of the stationing mechanism is seen, which comprises a first discharge means constituted by a chain ram 16 and a second discharge means constituted by a pusher jack 17.
  • the stationing mechanism comprises also means for supplying the ammunition from a first lateral position with respect to the longitudinal axis of the weapon to a second position centered on the aforementioned axis, the ammunition then being disposed behind the breech opening 15.
  • the feeding means comprises, as can be seen more clearly in FIGS. 3, 5, 6 and 7, a loading stretcher 18 in the form of an elongated trough of substantially semi-circular section whose concavity is turned upwards. .
  • the stretcher 18 has a length such that it can support all types of ammunition used with the weapon on which the mechanism is mounted of post.
  • stretcher 18 integral with a stretcher arm 19 is rotatable relative to this arm about an axis 20 by means of a double-acting cylinder 21, called stretcher cylinder, the body of which is fixed to the arm 19 by means of an axis 22 and the arm of which is secured to the stretcher 18 by means of an axis 24 eccentric with respect to the axis 20.
  • the stretcher arm 19 is itself articulated on an arm support 25 by an axis 27a, which allows rotation of the arm 19 on the support 25.
  • This movement is made possible by a double-acting cylinder 26, called an arm cylinder, articulated at a point 27 on the arm and at a point 28 on the arm support 25.
  • the arm support is itself rigidly secured to part of the slides 29.
  • the chain repressor 16 consists of two machined half-casings arranged outside of the stretcher 18 and comprising a chain allowing the drive of a head 30 which pushes the ammunition.
  • the head moves inside the stretcher 18 over the entire length thereof by means. a longitudinal slot 31 with which it is provided.
  • the translational movement of the chain is communicated to the latter by a hydraulic motor 32 via a reduction gear 33 (FIG. 4).
  • the second delivery means constituted by the pusher jack 17 is rigidly disposed longitudinally on the outside of the stretcher above the chain feeder 16.
  • the various hydraulic elements of the mechanism are supplied with fluid from the motor-pump unit 10 located on the front part of the artillery piece by means of a distribution circuit shown in FIG. 8.
  • This circuit includes four solenoid valves with drawers (34 to 37) with four channels and three positions, fitted with non-return valves and throttles to ensure the control of the various organs.
  • the distributor 34 controls the cylinder head cylinder (not shown in FIG. 8), while the distributors 35, 36 and 37 control respectively the hydraulic motor 32 of the pressure ram 16, the stretcher cylinder 21 and the arm cylinder 26.
  • a four-way, two-position solenoid valve 38 controls the push cylinder 17.
  • the mechanism according to the invention also includes safety devices and limit switches in order to ensure the coordination of the movements of different parts of the mechanism and to avoid geometric interference.
  • a pressure switch is used to detect the end of the movement of delivery of the ammunition by the push cylinder 17. In fact when the ammunition has reached the end of its travel at level 14 of the forcing cone, an overpressure is created in the jack 17. This information, transmitted to the pressure switch makes it possible to control the end of movement of the jack 17 and to ensure the correct positioning of the munition, whatever the length thereof.
  • induction proximity sensors are used which, with associated logic, make it possible to carry out the loading cycle automatically.
  • the start of the operating cycle takes place when the stretcher is in the lateral position, shown in FIG. 5.
  • the stretcher cylinder 21 is in the "rod extended” position while the arm cylinder 26 is in the “rod retracted” position.
  • the repressor 16 is at rest and the repressor head 30 is in the rear position, as well as the pusher cylinder.
  • the ammunition 39 can then be loaded manually on the loading stretcher by the operator.
  • the jack 26 is actuated by the distributor 37.
  • the arm 19 is then moved and the ammunition comes to the axial position as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the first delivery movement is triggered by means of the distributor 35, the associated logic, the motor 32 and the reduction gear 33
  • the head 30 of the repressor 16 then pushes the ammunition to a third intermediate position 40 in the chamber of the weapon (FIG. 3).
  • a rotation to the left of the stretcher 18 around the axis 20 is carried out by means of the stretcher cylinder 21 whose rod is retracted. This rotation of the stretcher has the effect of putting the second delivery means in the working position at the rear of the munition.
  • the head 30 of the chain repressor 16 is held in contact with the rear of the base of the ammunition so as to avoid a retreat of the latter towards the rear of the chamber of the weapon before it is brought to its final blocking position by the second delivery means. This is implemented as soon as the rotation of the stretcher is completed.
  • the push cylinder 17 brings the munition by continuous push against its base, up to the locking cone, the head 30 of the chain roller can return to its rest position.
  • the ammunition being blocked in its final position inside the chamber of the weapon, the pusher jack 17 returns back to its rest position.
  • the stretcher 18 is then tilted to the right using the stretcher cylinder 21 so that the axis of the stretcher again coincides with the axis of the tube to allow loading of the gargoyle or the combustible socket by any means.
  • the servant of the weapon can introduce the gargousse inside the weapon either manually, or by the intermediary of a second loader, or by using the first means of delivery can be actuated by means of the distributor 35 during an additional sequence of the associated logic.
  • the stretcher is raised to its rest position by means of the arm jack 26.
  • the cylinder head corner will then be closed by a double-acting hydraulic cylinder controlled by the distributor 34.
  • Such a device allows very rapid loading of the ammunition into the chamber of the weapon.
  • the loading time is around 5 seconds from the moment the ammunition is placed on the stretcher until the breech wedge closes, which is an important advantage of the device.
  • the advantages of the device make it applicable in particular for medium and large caliber artillery pieces with a high rate of fire.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
EP19800400115 1979-02-05 1980-01-24 Dispositif de mise à poste de l'obus pour matériel d'artillerie Expired EP0015174B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7902832A FR2448121A1 (fr) 1979-02-05 1979-02-05 Dispositif de mise a poste de l'obus pour materiel d'artillerie
FR7902832 1979-02-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0015174A1 EP0015174A1 (fr) 1980-09-03
EP0015174B1 true EP0015174B1 (fr) 1983-05-11

Family

ID=9221583

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19800400115 Expired EP0015174B1 (fr) 1979-02-05 1980-01-24 Dispositif de mise à poste de l'obus pour matériel d'artillerie

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0015174B1 (is)
DE (1) DE3063002D1 (is)
FR (1) FR2448121A1 (is)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE463945B (sv) * 1989-06-01 1991-02-11 Abbofors Ansaettare foer saadana artilleripjaeser som laddas med granat och drivkrutladdning var foer sig
FR2721387B1 (fr) * 1994-06-16 1996-08-14 Giat Ind Sa Mécanisme de mise à poste d'une munition.
FR2796713B1 (fr) 1999-07-22 2002-09-13 Giat Ind Sa Dispositif d'aide au chargement pour artillerie
CN104964596B (zh) * 2015-07-21 2016-07-06 海门市中德电子发展有限公司 一种大比例模型坦克自动填弹火炮装置

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR425907A (fr) * 1910-04-15 1911-06-23 Joseph Albert Deport Dispositif perfectionné de chargement des bouches à feu
GB262858A (en) * 1925-09-16 1926-12-16 Beardmore William & Co Improvements in ramming devices employed in the loading of guns
GB269627A (en) * 1926-01-12 1927-04-12 Vickers Ltd Improvements in or relating to ammunition loading apparatus for ordnance
FR1015102A (fr) * 1938-03-28 1952-08-27 Schneider & Cie Dispositif automatique pour le chargement de canons de gros calibres
DE719768C (de) * 1938-07-26 1942-04-16 Skoda Kp Ladevorrichtung
GB703319A (en) * 1950-10-03 1954-02-03 Desmond Walter Molins Improvements in or relating to loading apparatus for ordnance
GB732789A (en) * 1952-05-09 1955-06-29 Desmond Walter Molins Improvements in or relating to loading apparatus for ordnance
FR1202805A (fr) * 1954-10-11 1960-01-13 Dispositif de chargement des armes de chars
US3222988A (en) * 1961-04-26 1965-12-14 James T Bull Missile launching system
BE65637A (is) * 1964-11-27

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2448121B1 (is) 1983-07-08
EP0015174A1 (fr) 1980-09-03
DE3063002D1 (en) 1983-06-16
FR2448121A1 (fr) 1980-08-29

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