Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G04—HOROLOGY
  • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
  • G04C21/00—Producing acoustic time signals by electrical means
  • G04C21/16—Producing acoustic time signals by electrical means producing the signals at adjustable fixed times
  • G04C21/30—Producing acoustic time signals by electrical means producing the signals at adjustable fixed times with provision for a number of operations at different times, e.g. ringing the bells in a school

Definitions

• the invention relates to a clock with a chime, in particular for use on ships.
• bell chime especially in ships' clocks, represents a chronometric signaling system which was used in particular to signal watch times for the seamen on duty on warships and merchant ships.
• This signaling system was originally derived from an hourglass (hour glass) that ran over the course of half an hour. On that occasion, at the same time, the previous half-hour was marked by a striking of the ship's bell at a rate equal to the number of half-hours that had elapsed since the watch began impact sequence signaled.
• the chime administration was transferred to a mechanical chime clock, which automatically chimed in the usual chime program when a bell shell with a tone corresponding to the bright sound of the ship's bell was struck.
• the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a clock with a glass strike which can be used over a long period of time for visual and acoustic time display, can nevertheless be manufactured inexpensively and which has a simple construction of the glass strike device.
• the invention achieves the stated object in that the bell chime sequence can be generated by an electrical circuit arrangement that can be controlled by an electric clockwork, that the electrical circuit arrangement is essentially formed by electronic components using integrated semiconductor technology, and that, in order to generate the bell chime, a an electric shock or sound generator acting on a sound body is provided.
• An expedient embodiment of the invention consists in that the electric shock or sound generator can be acted upon by a shock pulse generator which can be switched on and off and generates electric pulses of a specific frequency.
• FIG. 1 shows a circuit arrangement of the clock with bell strike according to the invention
• FIG. 1a shows a detail of the circuit arrangement of FIG. 1;
• 1 represents the electric shock or sound generator acting on a sound body, not shown. This is acted upon in pulses by the circuit arrangement according to FIG.
• the percussion or sound generator 1 is acted upon by an electronic percussion pulse generator 2 which, in the embodiment of the invention according to FIG. 1, is designed as an astable multivibrator with complementary transistors T1 and T2.
• the circuit further consists of two resistors R1 and R2, the resistor R1 being connected in series with a capacitor C1 as a series circuit between the collector of the transistor T2 and the base of the transistor T1.
• the circuit arrangement of the astable multivibrator provided as an impact pulse generator 2 works in a very energy-saving manner and is very reliable even when the battery voltage drops.
• the function of the circuit arrangement of the impact pulse generator 2 of FIG. 1 is briefly as follows: It is assumed that a potential or signal 0 is applied to the base of the transistor T1 both via the upstream resistor R3 and via the upstream diode D1. This creates an equalizing circuit from potential plus, impact or tone generator 1, capacitor C1, resistor R1, emitter-base path of transistor T1 to potential 0. The capacitor 01 is charged by this relaxation process. When its charging voltage reaches the threshold voltage of the emitter-base diode of the transistor T1, the latter becomes conductive and with it - via the resistor R2 - the transistor T2. At the same time, the collector connection of the transistor T2 moves from potential plus to potential 0.
• the winding of the percussion or tone generator 1 is momentarily energized and its armature is deflected.
• the latter causes a sound-generating action on the sound body associated with the clock with bell according to the invention, i.e. as in particular a bell.
• a device can preferably be used here which causes the sound body to be actuated by an overshooting process.
• the necessary effective charge reversal of the capacitor 01 takes place quickly, e.g. with a rating of 01 with 6.8 ⁇ F and R1 with 1.2 k ⁇ , e.g. in approx. 50 - 60 msec.
• FIG. 1 is shown next to the circuit arrangement of the impact pulse generator 2 shown there and which shows the potential or signal curve at the collector of the transistor T2 schematically (Ko2).
• Transistors T1 and T2 snap back, here again a reflex effect, but this time the opposite effect occurs. The circuit is thus blocked. This process is now followed by a charge reversal of the capacitor C1 via the current or compensating circuit already described in the introduction.
• a diode D2 is also connected in parallel with the impact or tone generator 1 .
• This diode has the task of mitigating or suppressing the effect of the induction voltage generated by the inductance of the winding of the percussion or sound generator 1 during the switching processes.
• the multivibrator is controlled by an effect on the base of the transistor T1, specifically via the logic combination formed by the resistor R3 and the diode D1.
• This link works like a logical AND function. If one of the two supply lines, i.e. either the diode D1 or the resistor R3, has a plus potential, then there is also a plus potential at the base of the transistor T1 and this remains blocked together with the circuit of the astable multivibrator forming the impact pulse generator 2. Only when both leads D1, R3 (A1, M) carry O potential is the AND condition fulfilled and the circuit arrangement of the percussion pulse generator 2 is activated by the O potential at the base of the transistor T1.
• the percussion pulse generator 2 can thus be switched on and off as desired via the input of the transistor T1 by changing the potential. As long as plus potential is applied to the base of transistor T1, capacitor 01 is discharged or kept discharged, obviously, as can be seen from the illustration in FIG. 1, from capacitor 01 via resistor R1, plus potential, winding of the impact or tone generator 1 back to capacitor 01.
• This electronic control circuit 3 is triggered at the beginning of a bell chime - ie at X 00 o'clock and X 30 o'clock by a minute control device 4 which can be actuated by the clockwork.
• this minute control device 4 is formed by contacts h, l/2h which can be actuated by the clockwork and which can be switched on the full hour (X 00 - h) or on the full half hour (X 30 - 1/2 h). are.
• a pulse generator provided in the electronic control 3 becomes effective, which administers a short pulse which, however, cannot be influenced when the minute control device 4 is switched off.
• the pulse administered sets a flip-flop circuit, which in turn switches the output M of the electronic control circuit 3.
• an electronic counter is prepared, which can be preset by the clockwork via an hourly control device 5, which preferably works in a coded manner. This has four outputs, which are fed to the inputs A - D of the electronic control circuit 3 .
• a coded signal corresponding to the set point in time is administered to the electronic control circuit 3 .
• the hourly control device 5 causes a switchover of the presetting of the electronic counter of the electronic control device 3 every half hour in accordance with the glass firing program to be processed. With each change in the signal processing by the hourly control device 5, the presetting of the electronic counter is increased by one bell in accordance with the sequence of bells cited in the introduction. If a preset of 8 bells, ie 4 hours, is reached, then the next time the signaling is changed, the hour controller will be reset to one bell. Since the bell program is processed 4 x in 24 hours and the hour control device 5 should be expediently actuatable by the hour shaft of the clockwork directly from the hour shaft, the bell program must be stored on the hour control device 5 twice.
• a control signal is sent via an electronic comparator circuit provided to the introductory by the minute control device 4 transmits actuated flip-flop circuit and resets it again, thus also switching on the percussion pulse generator 2 or the percussion or sound generator 1 via the output M.
• Fig. 1a an example embodiment of such an electronic circuit arrangement 3 is shown schematically. From the clockwork-actuated contacts h, l/2h the Minute control device 4, the flip-flop 1 is implemented every full hour and full half hour. Here, a pulse is generated alternately via its outputs, namely via the capacitors 11, 12, which act as pulse generators, which - depending on the actuated contact h or 1/2 h - sets one of the downstream flip-flops FF2 or FF3. As a result, a permanent signal is switched to the output M via the OR gate OG (potential 0) and the impact pulse generator 2 is switched on.
• the OR gate OG potential 0
• the flip-flop FF4 of the electronic control circuit 3 is set by the collector of the transistor T1 via the input E12.
• an edge pulse derived from the collector of the transistor T2 via a capacitor 03 is fed to the input E11 of the electronic control circuit 3, by means of which the flip-flop FF4 can be reset again.
• This pulse sequence is shown, for example, in FIG. 2 using the pulse lines E11 and E12 there. given impulse representations can be removed in detail.
• the flip-flop FF4 sends an impulse to the electronic counter EZ of FIG. If the comparator K agrees between the setting specified by the hourly control device 5 and the actual count of the electronic counter EZ, the comparator K administers an impulse to the AND gate, which in connection with the resetting of the flip-flop FF4 at the last administered Pulse causes the reset of the flip-flops FF and FF3, and the electronic counter EZ.
• the output M of the electronic control circuit 3 thus controls the percussion pulse generator 2 with regard to the number of pulses to be administered to the percussion or sound generator 1 during a sequence of bell chimes.
• the characteristic bell shot sequence namely groups of two shots with a newissen group distance between to administer them, with an odd number of beats being followed by a last beat with the group distance from the last group in time, by linking the pulse sequence of a time pulse generator 6 further assigned to the circuit arrangement according to the invention with the beat pulse generator 2.
• the desired pulse sequence suitable for generating the bell chimes is achieved as the resultant pulse sequence.
• one pulse generator is suitably synchronized by the other.
• the astable multivibrator 2 is controlled by the pulse train of the time pulse generator 6 or influenced in such a way that it has a synchronous pulse onset for the time pulse generator 6 and can be rhythmically interrupted in the pulse it administers.
• the clock with bells is quartz-controlled, ie the clockwork is assigned a quartz oscillator circuit with a downstream frequency divider, via the output of which a stepping motor SM can be controlled via a capacitor C2.
• this crystal control circuit is used as a pulse generator 6.
• the quartz circuit delivers 6 pole-changing pulses, each lasting 1 second, i.e. with a pulse period of 2 seconds.
• this alternating pulse sequence is fed to the percussion pulse generator 2 designed as an astable multivibrator, and this is thus controlled in the rhythm of the pulse generator 6.
• This action on the impact pulse generator 2 takes place in connection with the electronic control circuit 3, which also acts on the astable multivibrator via the resistor R3.
• FIG. 2 the pulse sequence of the circuit arrangement according to FIG. 1 is shown schematically.
• the circuit arrangement according to the invention functions in such a way that the percussion pulse generator 2 can be switched on for each half-wave of the pulse period of the time pulse generator 6 leading to 0.
• a first pulse is triggered and the percussion or sound generator is acted upon.
• the next pulse of this group of pulses - if such a program follows - is via the multivibrator or percussion pulse generator 2 itself controlled. It follows shortly before the end of the current half period of the time pulse generator 6. However, after the half period has changed from potential 0 to potential plus (H), the impact pulse generator 2 is blocked, namely via the input of the transistor T1, since there the AND condition is no longer fulfilled.
• the pulse is immediately triggered again in the pulse generator 2 by the time pulse generator 6, as well as the delivery of the second pulse of this glass group, which is directly controlled by the pulse generator 2 itself, if such a pulse is programmed by the clockwork.
• the electronic control circuit 3 switches off again after the first pulse administered in this half period of the time pulse generator.
• the function of the astable multivibrator is therefore intermittently controlled in its effect by the time pulse generator.
• cooperation between the time pulse generator 6 and the electronic control circuit 3 when triggering the pulse generation is also provided. This is accomplished in that the minute control device 4 of the movement and the time pulse generator 6 are connected to one another in the manner of a logical AND link mi and thus make the switching on of the electronic control circuit 3 in mutual dependence.
• the arrangement is chosen so that - as can also be seen from the schematic representation of Fig. 2 - the switching on of the electronic control circuit 3 always occurs in that half period of the pulses administered by the time pulse generator 6 in which switching on of the percussion pulse generator 2 is prevented. In this way, pulse mutilation or incorrect control of pulses within the first triggering half period of the time pulse generator 6 is reliably prevented.
• the astable multivibrator of the percussion pulse generator 2 is dimensioned in such a way that it has a pulse duration of about 50 msec with a pulse period of about 0.75 sec.
• the electronic control circuit 3 is controlled via the minute control device 4 and the time pulse generator 6 via a converter stage formed by the resistor R4, the transistor T3 and the resistor R5 for phase correction, for electrical isolation and to relieve the output A2 of the timer 6 is used.
• FIG. 2 clearly shows the course of 3 administrations of bell stroke sequences.
• the contact 1/2h of the minute control device 4 which can be actuated by the clockwork, is closed, which is associated with a signal increase, as shown in FIG. 2 (1/2h).
• the closing of the contact 1/2h does not initially have any further consequences, since the output A1 of the timer 6 is at potential 0. Only when the output A1 rises to plus potential in the next second, is due to the AND operation between the time pulse generator 6 and the minute control device 4 excites the electronic control circuit 3 via the input E2, which results in a lowering of the output M from plus to 0, as the pulse line M in FIG. 2 clearly shows.
• the electronic control circuit 3 is thus preparatory switched on. Via the output M and the resistor R3, there is an O signal at the base of the transistor T1 of the impact pulse generator 2, but since the output A1 of the time pulse generator 6 still has a positive potential, the transistor T1 remains blocked. Only with the further change of the signal at the output A1 of the pulse generator 6 is the impact pulse generator 2 triggered via the base of the transistor T1 and it administers a pulse via the collector Ko2 of the transistor T2 after the impact or
• the electronic control circuit 3 is influenced via the inputs E11 and E12 and switched off again via the needle pulse generated by the capacitor 03 and routed to E11.
• the time 12.30 p.m. represents the first bell of the 4-hour bell program. Only one impulse is transmitted to the percussion or sound generator and thus only one percussion tone is administered.
• the bell is then triggered further by the minute control device 4, namely by its contact h. 2 shows that the e.g. contact closure of contact h of minute control device 4 is required during a plus pulse at output A1 or an O pulse at output A2 of time pulse generator 6.
• the electronic control circuit 3 responds, the output drops; the next pulse change at the output A1 of the time pulse generator 6 triggers the pulse generator 2 to deliver the first bell and this delivers the second bell after approx 3 is switched off again immediately.
• contact 1/2h of the minute control device closes again when there is an O potential at the output A1 of the time pulse generator 6 or when there is a plus potential at the output A2.
• the electronic control circuit 3 does not respond, but this is only the case with the next pulse change at the time pulse generator 6, as a result of which the output M of the electronic control circuit 3 drops to 0.
• two glasses are delivered by the beater 2, the first of which is again controlled by the timer 6, namely via the output A1, while the second glass can be administered by the beater 2 itself.
• the impact pulse generator 2 remains blocked by the positive assignment of the base of the transistor T1. This blocking is then lifted again when output A1 returns to O potential.
• the third bell impulse is administered for 1.30 p.m. and then increased again to plus via the electronic control circuit 3, M, and the impact impulse generator 2 is thus blocked against further impulse administrations.
• FIG. 2 also shows the course of the bell triggering for 2:00 p.m. It can be seen that in this case the last part of a pulse phase of the output A2 of the time pulse generator 6 leading through O potential becomes effective for triggering the electronic control circuit 3, the output M of which is lowered again.
• Output A1 of time pulse generator 6 becomes impact pulse generator 2 triggered and administers first one, then the second impulse of the first impulse group of the bell sequence for 2 p.m., which now consists of two impulse groups. The administration of the second group of pulses then takes place during the next plus pulse phase of the output A1 of the time pulse generator 6.
• the arrangement according to the invention permits a simple construction of a clock with a chime using electrical or electronic means, with existing components being able to be used, e.g.
• modules that are used for electronically controlled motor percussion mechanisms can be used.
• Conventional discrete but very inexpensive electronic components can be used for the impact pulse generator itself, since integration alone is probably not worthwhile for this circuit part.
• the circuit arrangement of the percussion pulse generator 2 allows a slight influence by the time pulse generator 6 and works in a very energy-saving manner.

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• Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
• Electric Clocks (AREA)

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• 1978
  • 1978-04-22 DE DE19782817762 patent/DE2817762A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1979
  • 1979-04-20 NL NL7903097A patent/NL7903097A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1979-04-21 GB GB7943704A patent/GB2036388B/en not_active Expired
  • 1979-04-21 WO PCT/DE1979/000045 patent/WO1979000965A1/de unknown
  • 1979-04-23 IT IT22048/79A patent/IT1112548B/it active
  • 1979-11-19 EP EP79900414A patent/EP0011636A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1979-12-21 SE SE7910629A patent/SE7910629L/sv not_active Application Discontinuation
• 1980
  • 1980-03-10 US US06/128,518 patent/US4276625A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

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