Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
  • C10M159/12—Reaction products
  • C10M159/20—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
  • C10M159/24—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing sulfonic radicals

Definitions

• the present invention relates to new detergent-dispersants of high alkalinity for lubricating oils.
• the Applicant has found a process which does not have the disadvantages of the previous process and which makes it possible to prepare detergent-dispersants based on alkylbenzenesulfonates and metal alkylphenates of TBN (Total Basic Number - Standard ASTM D 2896) greater than 200 containing at least 2% magnesium and possibly at least 0.5% calcium.
• TBN Total Basic Number - Standard ASTM D 2896
• magnesium or calcium alkybenzenesulfonate denotes any solution containing from 40 to 95% by weight, preferably from 55 to 85% by weight of a magnesium or calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate in a dilution oil which may or may not be be the same as that used to carry out the process which is the subject of the invention.
• magnesium and / or calcium alkylbenzenesulfonates which can be used, there may be mentioned the magnesium and / or calcium salts of sulfonic acids obtained by sulfonation of alkylbenzenes derived from olefins or from polymers of C olefins 15 -C 30 .
• alkylphenols which can be used to carry out the process which is the subject of the invention, mention may preferably be made of those carrying one or more C9-C15 alkyl substituents, and very particularly nonyl, decyl, dodecyl or tetradecylphenols.
• active magnesium oxide denotes magnesium oxide MgO with a specific surface greater than or equal to 80 m2 / g, for example between 100 and 170 m2 / g.
• MgO magnesium oxide MgO with a specific surface greater than or equal to 80 m2 / g, for example between 100 and 170 m2 / g.
• Maglite DE with a specific surface area close to 140 m2 / g and marketed by Merck
• Flumag with a specific surface area close to 160 m2 / g and marketed by RHONE-POULENC INDUSTRIES.
• alkali metal hydroxides mention may be made of sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, etc.
• the amount of dilution oil that can be used is such that the amount of oil contained in the final product (including that from the starting alkylbenzenesulfonate) represents from 20 to 60% by weight of said product and preferably from 25 to 55% of said product.
• alkylene glycols which can be used, mention may very particularly be made of glycol; these can optionally be present in mixture with up to 200% by weight of a monoalcohol such as ethylhexanol, tridecyl alcohol, C 8 -C 14 oxo alcohols and in general alcohols having a boiling point higher than 120 ° C and preferably higher than 150 ° C.
• a monoalcohol such as ethylhexanol, tridecyl alcohol, C 8 -C 14 oxo alcohols and in general alcohols having a boiling point higher than 120 ° C and preferably higher than 150 ° C.
• the amount of CO 2 can vary between the amount which can be completely absorbed and an excess of 40% by weight of this amount; preferably the amount of CO 2 will correspond substantially to that which can be completely absorbed.
• the over-alkalization-carbonation stage is preferably carried out in one or two stages.
• a variant of the process which is the subject of the invention consists in preparing "in situ" before the sulfurization-neutralization step, the magnesium and / or calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate by the action of MgO or lime on an acid.
• sulfonic alkylbenzene as defined above in the presence of oil and optionally of alkylene glycol, at a temperature between 40 and 150 ° C, the amount of MgO or lime and oil to be used.
• 'magnesium and / or calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate obtained present a TBN less than or equal to 150, preferably less than or equal to 50
• Another variant of the process which is the subject of the invention consists in carrying out a precarbonation operation after the sulfurization step and before the over-alkalinization-carbonation step.
• This operation can be carried out at a temperature between 100 and 250 ° C and preferably between 100 and 185 ° C, using carbon dioxide.
• the amount of CO 2 that can be used corresponds, to within 30%, by weight, to that which can be completely absorbed by the sulfurized medium; preferably this amount of C0 2 will correspond substantially to that which can be completely absorbed.
• the present invention also relates to detergents-dispersants of high alkalinity obtained by the process described above.
• the lubricating oils which can thus be improved can be chosen from a wide variety of lubricating oils, such as lubricating oils of naphthenic base, of paraffinic base and of mixed base, of other hydrocarbon lubricants, for example lubricating oils derived from products.
• coal, and synthetic oils for example, alkylene polymers, polymers of the alkylene oxide type and derivatives thereof, including polymers of the alkylene oxide type prepared by polymerizing alkylene oxide to presence of water or alcohols, for example ethyl alcohol, esters of dicarboxylic acids, liquid esters of phosphorus, alkylbenzenes and dialkylbenzenes, polyphenyls, alkylbiphenylethers, polymers of silicon.
• Additional additives may also be present in said lubricating oils in addition to the detergent-dispersants obtained according to the process of the invention; include, for example, anti-oxidant, anti-corrosion additives, ashless dispersant additives, etc.
• the medium is brought to 145 ° C. under 260 mm of mercury, then glycol is added over 1 hour; it is heated to 165 ° C. and this temperature is maintained for an hour under 260 mm of mercury. ,. 2nd phase (precarbonation)
• the superalkalinized and carbonated medium is brought to a temperature of 184 ° C under 30 mm of mercury; glycol distills; it is filtered to remove the sediments and a solution in 100 N oil of overbased detergent-dispersant is recovered, the characteristics of which are given in Tables I 'to III'.
• Example 3 The operation described in Example 3 is carried out by carrying out the precarbonation step at 140 ° C. at atmospheric pressure.
• Example 3 The operation described in Example 3 is carried out from an 80% solution in 100 N oil of a magnesium alkylbenzene sulfonate of molecular weight approximately 470, solution containing 2.25% of magnesium and having a TBN of 32.
• Example 3 The operation described in Example 3 is carried out, carried out from a 60% solution in 100 N oil of a magnesium alkylbenzene sulfonate, with a molecular mass of approximately 470, solution containing 2.2% magnesium and having a TBN of 45.
• Example 3 The operation described in Example 3 is carried out from a 60% solution in 100 N oil of a calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate of molecular weight approximately 470, solution containing 2.7% of calcium and having a TBN of 25, and without adding water during the precarbonation and carbonation operations.
• Example 3 The operation described in Example 3 is carried out without adding water during the precarbonation and carbonation operations.
• the product obtained has characteristics equivalent to those of Example 3.
• Example 17 The operation described in Example 17 is carried out using a 60% solution in 100 N oil of a calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate of molecular weight approximately 470, solution containing 2.7%. calcium and having a TBN of 25 and performing a carbonation step.
• the mixture is heated to 145 ° C. under 260 mm of mercury, glycol is added over 1 hour, then it is brought to 165 ° C. for 1 hour under 200 mm of mercury.
• the superalkalinized and carbonated medium is brought to a temperature of 184 ° C under 30 mm of mercury; the glycol distills, and it is filtered to remove the sediments and recover a solution of detergent-dispersants in the oil 100 N.
• the product obtained has characteristics equivalent to those of Example 17.
• Example 7 The product of Example 7 is added to an SAE 50 oil with a paraffinic tendency so as to obtain a solution containing 125 millimoles of calcium + magnesium. The solution is stored for 15 days at 20 ° C; we see that the solution remains clear.
• mixture (A) is brought for 25 days to 80 ° C. and is then added to an SAE 30 oil so as to have a concentration of 6.6% by weight of mixture (A).
• the solution is stored for 5 days at 80 ° C.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

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Citations (5)

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• 1978
  • 1978-06-26 FR FR7818945A patent/FR2429831A2/fr active Granted
• 1979
  • 1979-06-11 AT AT79400376T patent/ATE1342T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1979-06-11 DE DE7979400376T patent/DE2963335D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1979-06-11 EP EP79400376A patent/EP0007257B1/de not_active Expired
  • 1979-06-19 US US06/050,089 patent/US4302342A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1979-06-21 MX MX798105U patent/MX5733E/es unknown
  • 1979-06-22 CA CA330,658A patent/CA1122963A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1979-06-25 ES ES481863A patent/ES481863A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1979-06-25 BR BR7904003A patent/BR7904003A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1979-06-26 JP JP7979479A patent/JPS555991A/ja active Granted
  • 1979-06-26 ZA ZA793194A patent/ZA793194B/xx unknown

Patent Citations (5)

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