Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
  • C10M159/12—Reaction products
  • C10M159/20—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
  • C10M159/24—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing sulfonic radicals

Definitions

• the present invention relates to new detergent-dispersants of high alkalinity for lubricating oils.
• the Applicant has found a process which does not have these drawbacks and which makes it possible to prepare detergent-dispersants based on alkylbenzene sulfonates and metal alkylphenates from T.B.N. (Total Basic Number - Norm A.S.T.M. D 2896) greater than 250.
• Alkylbenzene sulfonate denotes any solution containing from 40 to 90% by weight, preferably 55 to 80% by weight of an alkylbenzene sulfonate in a dilution oil which may or may not be the same as that used to carry out the process which is the subject of the invention.
• the over-alkalization-carbonation stage is preferably carried out in two stages.
• alkylphenols which can be used to carry out the process which is the subject of the invention, mention may preferably be made of those carrying one or more C 9 -C 15 alkyl substituents, and any particularly nonyl, decyl, dodecyl or tetradecylphenols.
• alkylbenzene sulfonates which can be used, mention may be made of the salts of sulfonic acids obtained by sulfonation of alkylbenzenes derived from olefins or from polymers of C 15 -C 30 olefins, and from alkaline earth metals such as calcium , barium, magnesium, etc ...
• alkaline earth bases which can be used, there may be mentioned the oxides or hydroxides of calcium, barium, magnesium; the alkaline earth metal from which the alkaline earth base is derived may or may not be the same as that from which the alkaline earth alkylbenzene sulfonate derived is used.
• the amount of dilution oil that can be used is such that the amount of oil contained in the final product (including that from the starting alkylbenzene sulfonate) represents from 20 to 60% by weight of said product, from preferably from 25 to 55% and very particularly from 30 to 40% by weight of said product.
• alkylene glycols which can be used, mention may very particularly be made of glycol.
• One of the characteristics of said process is that the addition of alkylene glycol both at the sulfurization stage and at the over-alkalinization-carbonation stage is essential.
• Another characteristic of said process is that the weight of alkylphenol used relative to the weight of solution of the detergent-dispersant obtained is between about 8 and 18%.
• the process which is the subject of the present invention is very particularly advantageous for preparing detergent-dispersants containing a high percentage of calcium (at least 10%).
• the present invention also relates to detergents-dispersants of high alkalinity obtained by the process described above.
• These can be added to lubricating oils in amounts depending on the TBN of said detergent-dispersants, and depending on the future use of said oils; thus for a petrol engine oil, the amount of detergent-dispersant of TBN 300 for example to be added is generally between 1 and 2.5%; for a diesel engine oil, it is generally between 1.8 and 4%; for marine engine oil this can be up to 25%.
• the lubricating oils which can thus be improved can be chosen from a wide variety of lubricating oils, such as naphthenic, paraffinic and mixed base lubricating oils, other hydrocarbon lubricants, for example lubricating oils derived from products.
• coal, and synthetic oils for example alkylene polymers, alkylene oxide type polymers and their derivatives, including alkylene oxide polymers prepared by polymerizing alkylene oxide to presence of water or alcohols, for example ethyl alcohol, esters of dicarboxylic acids, liquid esters of liquid acids of phosphorus acids, alkylbenzenes and dialkyl benzenes, polyphenyls, alkyl biphenyl ethers , polymers of silicon.
• lubricating oils such as naphthenic, paraffinic and mixed base lubricating oils, other hydrocarbon lubricants, for example lubricating oils derived from products.
• coal, and synthetic oils for example alkylene polymers, alkylene oxide type poly
• Additional additives may also be present in said lubricating oils alongside the detergent-dispersants obtained according to the process of the invention; include, for example, anti-oxidant, anti-corrosion additives, ashless dispersant additives, etc.
• the precarbonated mixture is put under a pressure of 260 mm of mercury; a mixture of lime and glycol is introduced.
• the medium is dehydrated for 10 minutes at 145 ° C under 260 mm of mercury, then carbonated at 145 ° C using carbon dioxide for 25 minutes under 260 mm of mercury and then 35 minutes at atmospheric pressure.
• the operation of the 3rd stage is performed a second time.
• the superalkalinized and carbonated medium is brought to a temperature of 184 ° C under 300 mm of mercury; glycol distills; it is filtered to remove the sediments and a solution in 100 N oil of overbased detergent-dispersant, the characteristics of which are shown in Table 1, is recovered.
• Examples 1 to 3 are carried out under the same conditions from a 60% solution in 100 N oil of a calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate, with a molecular mass of approximately 470, solution containing 3.4% of calcium and having a TBN of approximately 45.
• Examples 1 to 3 are carried out under the same conditions from a 60% solution in 100 N oil of a calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate with a molecular weight of approximately 470, solution containing 1.8% calcium and having a TBN no.
• Examples 1 to 3 are carried out under the same conditions from an 80% solution in 100 N oil of a calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate, with a molecular mass of approximately 470, solution containing 3.37 % calcium and having a TBN of 33.
• Example 1 The operation described in Example 1 is carried out by replacing the solution of calcium sulfonate with a solution of approximately 60% in 100 N oil of a magnesium alkylbenzene sulfonate (sulfonate Mg for short) of molecular weight of Approximately 470, solution containing 1.5% magnesium and having a TBN about 20, in order to obtain a detergent-dispersant containing calcium and magnesium.
• sulfonate Mg for short magnesium alkylbenzene sulfonate
• Example 4 The operation described in Example 4 is carried out by carrying out the sulfurization step at 165 ° C. at atmospheric pressure for 1 hour; the subsequent stage of dehydration is then superfluous.

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• 1978
  • 1978-02-08 FR FR7803464A patent/FR2416942A1/fr active Granted
• 1979
  • 1979-01-24 DE DE7979400045T patent/DE2962163D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1979-01-24 EP EP79400045A patent/EP0003694B1/fr not_active Expired
  • 1979-01-26 US US06/006,866 patent/US4251379A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1979-02-06 MX MX797704U patent/MX5771E/es unknown
  • 1979-02-06 ES ES477477A patent/ES477477A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1979-02-06 AT AT0087079A patent/AT369354B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1979-02-07 CA CA321,059A patent/CA1122962A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1979-02-07 ZA ZA79532A patent/ZA79532B/xx unknown
  • 1979-02-07 BR BR7900759A patent/BR7900759A/pt unknown
  • 1979-02-07 IT IT47932/79A patent/IT1114549B/it active
  • 1979-02-08 JP JP54012872A patent/JPS6018714B2/ja not_active Expired

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