Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q11/00—Preparations for care of the teeth, of the oral cavity or of dentures; Dentifrices, e.g. toothpastes; Mouth rinses
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients

Definitions

• This invention relates to dental hygiene, and more particularly it relates to a method of cleaning teeth.
• tooth enamel may be remineral- ised by sequential application to the teeth of a cationic and an anionic component which react below the tooth surface to form an insoluble salt.
• a cationic component examples include ions derived from barium, lanthanum, manganese, lead, tin, zinc, indium, zirconium, iron, titanium, vanadium and cadmium (UK Patent Specification No. 1,452,125).
• deposits such as dental plaque may be removed from the surface of teeth, or may be prevented from adhering thereto, by application of a cation of a selected group of elements.
• a method of cleaning teeth by applying thereto a cation of one or more elements selected from yttrium, scandium and lanthanum and the lanthanides.
• the lanthanides include cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and lutetium. These elements are very closely related chemically since they all fall within Group IIIb of the Periodic Table. Lanthanum and the lanthanides form the first group of Inner Transition Elements within Group IIIb.
• the method of the invention is particularly useful for cleaning teeth in human beings.
• the efficent cleaning of teeth is, of course,of immense cosmetic value.
• One of the substances routinely found on the surface of teeth is bacterial plaque and the method of this invention is particularly useful in removing plaque from teeth or in preventing its adhering thereto.
• the method of the invention is also useful in removing various types of stain from teeth, for example the stain produced by smoking tobacco.
• bacterial plaque is generally regarded as a dominant etiological factor in caries and periodontal disease and removal of plaque from teeth or prevention of its accumulation is known to have a beneficial effect in those conditions.
• the preferred cations for use in the method of the invention are those derived from lanthanum and the lanthanides, and a particularly preferred cation is the lanthanum cation.
• the cation When used in the method of the invention, the cation may be in the form of a salt, and preferably in the form of a water-soluble salt.
• water soluble salts are the chloride, bromide, iodide, nitrate, acetate or sulphate.
• the cation may-also be used in the form of a salt with an antibacterial anion.
• the preferred compound for use in the method of the invention is lanthanum chloride, LaCl 3 .
• the amount of cation used in the method of the invention may vary from 0.01 m.moles to 1 m.moles of cation and preferably from 0.1 m.moles to 0.5 m.moles of cation, and it may be applied from once a week to 1 to 10 times per day.
• a preferred regime is three times per day, after meals, or failing this, twice per day, night and morning.
• the method of the invention achieves a satisfactory result simply by application of the cation to the teeth, for example in the form of a simple aqueous solution.
• an improved degree of cleansing can be achieved if the method of the invention is combined with one or more of the normal mechanical methods of cleaning teeth, for example if combined with the use of a toothbrush, toothpick, dental floss, dental probe or rotary dental brush.
• a particularly preferred adjunct to the method of the invention is the use of a toothbrush.
• the cation for use in the method of the invention may be presented in the form of a composition such as a simple aqueous solution or suspension or in the form of a more sophisticated composition such as a mouthwash, toothpaste, prophylaxis paste, toothpowder, pastille, chewing gum or oral spray, or it may be incorporated into a beverage, nutritional substance or confection. It may also be incorporated into the public water supply.
• a composition such as a simple aqueous solution or suspension
• a more sophisticated composition such as a mouthwash, toothpaste, prophylaxis paste, toothpowder, pastille, chewing gum or oral spray, or it may be incorporated into a beverage, nutritional substance or confection. It may also be incorporated into the public water supply.
• compositions described above are those which are well known to those skilled in this art. They may incorporate any of the ingredients normally used in such compositions, with the addition of the cation in the form of a salt.
• a mouthwash or oral spray the cation is incorporated at the desired user concentration.
• a toothpaste, prophylactic paste, toothpowder, lozenge or chewing gum it may be necessary, depending on the nature of the ingredients in the composition,to increase the concentration of the cation to above the level of the desired user concentration, for example by up to five times the desired user concentration, in order to allow for incomplete availability of the cation in use as a result of specific binding of the cation to one or more of the ingredients.
• these formulations it is preferable to use ingredients which avoid precipitation of the cation in the form of an insoluble salt.
• a typical mouthwash has an aqueous base and generally incorporates a thickener and a flavour.
• a gel has an aqueous base and generally incorporates a gelling agent, a surfactant, a flavour and a preservative.
• a toothpaste has an aqueous base and generally contains an abrasive, a binder, a thickener, a surfactant, a humectant, a flavouring agent and a sweetening agent.
• compositions for use in the method of cleaning teeth described above which is in a form for use in a non-sequential manner.
• a form for use in a non-sequential manner we mean, for example, that the composition is presented as a single pack which is intended to be used on its own, and is not intended to be used immediately before or immediately after a second different composition in a sequential manner. It is not, for example, part of a two-component pack, and it is not a single composition which is designed to release separately two components in a sequential manner.
• the eomposition of the invention is, for example, a simple aqueous solution or suspension, or a more sophisticated composition such as a mouthwash, toothpaste, prophylaxis paste, toothpowder, lozenge, chewing gum or oral spray which is presented in a single pack for use on its own.
• the pack may optionally carry instructions on how the composition should be used for cleaning teeth according to the method of the invention, and such instructions may indicate that the composition should be used in a non- sequential manner.
• the instructions will be appropriate to the nature of the composition.
• the composition is a toothpaste the instructions may indicate that the user should use the paste as the sole agent for brushing his or her teeth.
• the control group had a mean Plaque Index of 1.0 whereas the treated group had a mean Plaque Index of zero.
• the very small amount of deposit which was present in the treated group was very loosely attached to the tooth surface and could be blown off with an air jet.
• the panel was provided with new toothbrushes and instructed to brush their teeth each morning and evening for 30 seconds over a period of four days, according to each individual's own habits, with a 10 ml. test solution, and then to rinse the teeth with the remainder of the test solution.
• the test solutions were 20 mM aqueous NaCl, 10 mM aqueous LaCl 3 , 20 mM aqueous LaCl 3 and 20 mM aqueous YC1 3 .
• the whole experiment was carried out under double blind conditions, each person using one of the test solutions in turn. Each person's Plaque Index was brought to zero before using a new test solution.
• the results obtained were as follows:-
• each group brushed their teeth with 20 ml. of either a 20 mM aqueous lanthanum acetate solution or water respectively with a new soft toothbrush dipped in the respective test solution. Rinsing for 1 minute was then carried out with the remainder of the test solution. No after-rinses with water were permitted.

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Birds (AREA)
• Epidemiology (AREA)
• Cosmetics (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

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Publications (3)

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Cited By (1)

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Citations (7)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 1978
  • 1978-06-06 CA CA000304853A patent/CA1226525A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1978-06-06 NO NO781972A patent/NO146839C/no unknown
  • 1978-06-06 IE IE1145/78A patent/IE47251B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1978-06-06 ZA ZA00783241A patent/ZA783241B/xx unknown
  • 1978-06-08 AU AU36919/78A patent/AU517737B2/en not_active Expired
  • 1978-06-08 NZ NZ187498A patent/NZ187498A/en unknown
  • 1978-06-15 IL IL7854926A patent/IL54926A0/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1978-06-16 IT IT24646/78A patent/IT1098329B/it active
  • 1978-06-19 BE BE188677A patent/BE868250A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1978-06-19 DK DK274378A patent/DK155775C/da active
  • 1978-06-19 US US05/916,937 patent/US4218434A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1978-06-20 EP EP78300055A patent/EP0000256B2/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1978-06-20 DE DE7878300055T patent/DE2862228D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1978-06-21 JP JP7528378A patent/JPS5417137A/ja active Granted
  • 1978-06-22 FR FR7818704A patent/FR2395022A1/fr active Granted
  • 1978-06-22 FI FI782004A patent/FI69405C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1978-06-23 DE DE2827666A patent/DE2827666C3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1978-06-23 AT AT0460178A patent/AT376365B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1978-06-23 ES ES471084A patent/ES471084A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1978-06-23 CH CH690178A patent/CH646603A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1980
  • 1980-01-31 ES ES488073A patent/ES488073A0/es active Granted

Patent Citations (7)

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