DK2889624T3 - Reversibel kovalent binding af funktionelle molekyler - Google Patents

Reversibel kovalent binding af funktionelle molekyler Download PDF

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DK2889624T3
DK2889624T3 DK15150363.8T DK15150363T DK2889624T3 DK 2889624 T3 DK2889624 T3 DK 2889624T3 DK 15150363 T DK15150363 T DK 15150363T DK 2889624 T3 DK2889624 T3 DK 2889624T3
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DK15150363.8T
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Mark Smith
Stephen Caddick
Vijay Chudasama
James Baker
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Ucl Business Plc
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Priority claimed from GB0913965A external-priority patent/GB0913965D0/en
Priority claimed from GB0914321A external-priority patent/GB0914321D0/en
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Claims (13)

1. Anvendelse af en forbindelse med formel (la) som et reagens til kobling af en forbindelse med formel Ri-H, der omfatter en første funktionel del med formel Fi, til en anden funktionel del med formel F2
(la) hvor: X og X'hver er oxygen; Y er en elektrofil fraspaltelig gruppe; R3 og R3’ sammen danner en gruppe med formel -N(R33')-N(R33·)-, hvor hver R33' er ens eller forskellige og er et hydrogenatom eller en gruppe med formel Y, Nu, -L(Z)n eller IG; Ri er en gruppe med formel -F1 eller -S-L-F-ι, og R1-H omfatter mindst en første SH-gruppe; R2 er et hydrogenatom eller en gruppe med formel Y, Nu, -L(Z)n eller IG; hver gruppe med formel Y er ens eller forskellige og er en elektrofil fraspaltelig gruppe; hver gruppe med formel Nu er ens eller forskellige og er en nukleofil valgt blandt -OH, -SH, -NH2 og -NH(Ci-6alkyl); hver gruppe med formel L er ens eller forskellige og er en linkergruppe; hver gruppe med formel Z er ens eller forskellige og er en reaktiv gruppe, der er bundet til en gruppe med formel L, der er i stand til at reagere med en forbindelse, der indeholder en anden funktionel del med formel F2, således at den anden funktionelle del bliver koblet til gruppen med formel L; n er 1, 2 eller 3; og hver gruppe med formel IG er ens eller forskellige og er en del, som er en Ci-2oalkylgruppe, en C2-2oalkenylgruppe eller en C2-2oalkynylgruppe, der er
usubstitueret eller substitueret med en eller flere substituenter valgt blandt halogenatomer og sulfonsyregrupper, og hvori (a) 0, 1 eller 2 carbonatomer er erstattet med grupper valgt blandt C6-ioarylen-, 5- til 10-leddede heteroarylen-, C3-7carbocyclylen- og 5- til 10-leddede heterocyclylengrupper, og (b) 0, 1 eller 2 -CH2-grupper er erstattet med grupper valgt blandt -O-, -S-, -S-S-, -C(O)- og -N(Ci-6alkyl)-grupper, hvor: (i) arylen-, heteroarylen-, carbocyclylen- og heterocyclylengrupperne er usubstitueret eller substitueret med en eller flere substituenter valgt blandt halogenatomer og Ci-6alkyl, Ci-6alkoxy, Ci-6alkylthiol, -N(Ci-6alkyl)(Ci-6alkyl), nitro og sulfonsyregrupper; og (ii) 0, 1 eller 2 carbonatomer i carbocyclylen- og heterocyclylengrupperne er erstattet med -C(O)-grupper; og enten: den ene af den første funktionelle del og den anden funktionelle del er et protein, som er et antistof eller antistoffragment, der er i stand til at binde til et specifikt antigen via en epitop på antigenet, og den anden af den første funktionelle del og den anden funktionelle del er et lægemiddel; eller den ene af den første funktionelle del og den anden funktionelle del er en polymer del valgt blandt peptider, proteiner, polysaccharider, polyethere, polyaminosyrer, polyvinylalkoholer, polyvinylpyrrolidoner, poly(meth)acrylsyre, polyurethaner og polyphosphazener, og den anden af den første funktionelle del og den anden funktionelle del er et lægemiddel; eller den ene af den første funktionelle del og den anden funktionelle del er et protein, som er et antistof eller antistoffragment, der er i stand til at binde til et specifikt antigen via en epitop på antigenet, og den anden af den første funktionelle del og den anden funktionelle del er en påviselig del valgt fra gruppen, der består af kromogene dele, fluorescerende dele, radioaktive dele og elektrokemisk aktive dele; hvor gruppen Ri bliver bundet til forbindelsen med formel (la) ved et nukleofilt angreb af den første SH-gruppe i forbindelsen med formel R1-H i 2-positionen af forbindelsen med formel (la), således at gruppen Y i 2-positionen erstattes med gruppen Ri.
2. Anvendelse ifølge krav 1, hvor: (A) : Y er et halogenatom eller en triflat-, tosylat-, mesylat-, N-hydroxysuccinimidyl-, N-hydroxysulfosuccinimidyl-, Ci-ealkylthiol-, 5- til 10-leddet heterocyclylthiol-, Ce-ioarylthiol-, C3-7carbocyclylthiol-, -OC(O)CH3-, -OC(O)CF3-, phenyloxy-, -NRxRyRz+ eller - PRxRyRz+ gruppe, hvori Rx, Ry og Rz er ens eller forskellige og er valgt blandt hydrogenatomer og Ci-oalkyl- og phenylgrupper; og/eller (B) : L er en del, der er en Ci-2oalkylengruppe, en C2-2oalkenylengruppe eller en C2-2oalkynylengruppe, der er usubstitueret eller substitueret med en eller flere substituenter valgt blandt halogenatomer og sulfonsyregrupper, og hvori (a) 0, 1 eller 2 carbonatomer er erstattet med grupper valgt blandt C6-ioarylen-, 5- til 10-leddede heteroarylen-, C3-7carbocyclylen og 5- til 10-leddede heterocyclylengrupper, og (b) 0, 1 eller 2 -Chb-grupper er erstattet med grupper valgt blandt -O-, -S-, -S-S-, -C(O)- og -N(Ci-6 alkyl)-grupper, hvor: (i) arylen-, heteroarylen-, carbocyclylen- og heterocyclylengrupperne er usubstitueret eller substitueret med en eller flere substituenter valgt blandt halogenatomer og C-i-oalkyl-, Ci-6alkoxy-, Ci-ealkylthiol-, -N(Ci-6alkyl)(Ci-6alkyl)-, nitro- og sulfonsyregrupper; og (ii) 0, 1 eller 2 carbonatomer i carbocyclylen- og heterocyclylengrupperne er erstattet med -C(O)-grupper; og/eller (C) : Zer: (a) en gruppe med formel -LG, -C(O)-LG, -C(S)-LG eller -C(NH)-LG, hvor LG er en elektrofil fraspaltelig gruppe; (b) en nukleofil Nu' valgt blandt -OH-, -SH-, -NH2-, -NH(Ci-6alkyl)- og -C(O)NHNH2-grupper; (c) en cyklisk del Cyc, der er modtagelig for en ringåbnende elektrofil reaktion med en nukleofil; (d) en gruppe med formel -S(O2)(Hal), hvor Hal er et halogenatom; (e) en gruppe med formel -N=C=O eller-N=C=S; (f) en gruppe med formel -S-S(IG'), hvor IG' er en gruppe med formel IG ifølge krav 2; (g) en gruppe AH, som er en C6-ioarylgruppe, der er substitueret med en eller flere halogenatomer; (h) en fotoreaktiv gruppe, der kan aktiveres ved eksponering for ultraviolet lys; (i) en gruppe med formel -C(O)H eller -C(O)(Ci-6alkyl); (j) en maleimidogruppe; (k) en gruppe med formel -C(O)CHCH2; (l) en gruppe med formel -C(O)C(N2)H eller -PhN2+, hvor Ph er en phenylgruppe; eller (m) en epoxidgruppe; og/eller (D) : IG er en del, som er en usubstitueret Ci-6alkylgruppe, C2-6alkenylgruppe eller C2-6alkynylgruppe, hvori (a) 0 eller 1 carbonatom er erstattet med en gruppe valgt blandt phenylen-, 5- til 6-leddede heteroarylen-, C5-6carbocyclylen- og 5- til 6-leddede heterocyclylengrupper, hvor phenylen-, heteroarylen-, carbocyclylen- og heterocyclylengrupperne er usubstitueret eller substitueret med en eller to substituenter valgt blandt halogenatomer og Ci-4alkyl- og Ci-4alkoxygrupper, og (b) 0, 1 eller 2 -CH2-grupper er erstattet med grupper valgt blandt -O-, -S- og - C(O)-grupper; og/eller (E) : n er 1; og/eller (F) : lægemidlet er et cytotoksisk middel.
3. Anvendelse ifølge krav 1 eller 2, hvor: Ri er en gruppe med formel -Fi; Fi er et peptid eller protein, der omfatter mindst en første cysteinrest; og gruppen Ri bliver bundet til forbindelsen med formel (la) ved et nukleofilt angreb af thiolgruppen i den første cysteinrest i 2-positionen af forbindelsen med formel (la), således at gruppen Y erstattes med thiolgruppen i den første cysteinrest i gruppen Ri; og hvor eventuelt: R2 er en gruppe med formel Y; Ri yderligere omfatter mindst en anden cysteinrest; og gruppen Ri bliver yderligere bundet til forbindelsen med formel (la) ved et nukleofilt angreb af thiolgruppen i den anden cysteinrest i 3-positionen af delen med formel (la), således at gruppen R2 erstattes med thiolgruppen i den anden cysteinrest i gruppen Ri.
4. Fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af et konjugat, hvilken fremgangsmåde omfatter (i) reaktion af en forbindelse med formel (la) med en forbindelse med formel R1-H til således fremstilling af en forbindelse med formel (II)
(ii) efterfølgende kobling af en del med formel F2 til forbindelsen med formel (il); hvor trin (i) inddrager binding af gruppen Ri ved et nukleofilt angreb af den første SH-gruppe i forbindelsen med formel R1-H i 2-positionen af forbindelsen med formel (la), således at gruppen Y i 2-positionen erstattes med gruppen Ri, og hvor X, X', Y, Ri, R2, R3, R3' og F2 alle er som defineret i et hvilket som helst af kravene 1 til 3.
5. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 4, hvor:
(A) : fremgangsmåden omfatter kobling af F2 til forbindelsen med formel (II) ved en elektrofil additionsreaktion af F2 over carbon-carbon-dobbeltbindingen mellem 2-positionen og 3-positionen i formel (II); eller (B) : R2 er en gruppe med formel Y, Nu eller -L(Z)n, og fremgangsmåden omfatter kobling af F2 til forbindelsen med formel (II) ved en reaktion mellem F2 og gruppen med formel Y, Nu eller-L(Z)n.
6. Fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af et konjugat, hvilken fremgangsmåde omfatter reaktion af en forbindelse med formel R1-H med en forbindelse med formel (Ila)
(Ha) hvor: R3a og R3a· sammen danner en gruppe med formel -N(R33a')-N(R33a·)-, hvor hver R33a· er ens eller forskellige og er en gruppe med formel R33' eller en gruppe med formel F2 eller -L(F2)m(Z)n-m; R2a er en gruppe med formel R2 eller en gruppe med formel F2 eller -L(F2)m(Z)n-m; m er et helt tal med en værdi fra nul til n; forbindelsen med formel (Ila) omfatter mindst én gruppe med formel F2; F2 er som defineret i krav 1; X, X', R3, R3, R33, R2, L, Z og n alle er som defineret i krav 1 eller 2; Ri er som defineret i krav 1 eller 3; og fremgangsmåden inddrager binding af gruppen Ri ved et nukleofilt angreb af den første SH-gruppe i forbindelsen med formel R1-H i 2-positionen af
forbindelsen med formel (Ila), således at gruppen Y i 2-positionen erstattes med gruppen Ri.
7. Fremgangsmåde, der omfatter (i) tilvejebringelse af en forbindelse med formel (III) eller (Illa); og (ii) spaltning af bindingen mellem gruppen Ri og carbonatomet i 2-positionen af forbindelsen med formel (III) eller (Illa) (Ula) hvor: R3a og R3a· sammen danner en gruppe med formel -N(R33a')-N(R33a·)-, hvor hver R33a· er ens eller forskellige og er en gruppe med formel R33 eller en gruppe med formel F2 eller -L(F2)m(Z)n-m; R2a er en gruppe med formel R2 eller en gruppe med formel F2 eller -L(F2)m(Z)n-m; m er et helt tal med en værdi fra nul til n; Ri er som defineret i krav 1 eller 3; F2 er som defineret i krav 1; X, X', R3, R3, R33, R2, L, Z og n alle er som defineret i krav 1 eller 2; og hvor, når fremgangsmåden inddrager forbindelsen med formel (Illa):
Ri i forbindelsen med formel (Illa) omfatter mindst en første thiolgruppe og en anden thiolgruppe, hvor den første thiolgruppe er bundet til 2-positionen i forbindelsen med formel (Illa), og den anden thiolgruppe er bundet til 3-positionen i forbindelsen med formel (I I la); og trin (ii) yderligere inddrager spaltning af bindingen mellem gruppen Ri og carbonatomet i 3-positionen af delen med formel (Illa).
8. Forbindelse, hvilken forbindelse er: (A) en forbindelse med formel (Ila) ifølge krav 6; eller (B) en forbindelse med formel (III) ifølge krav 7, der omfatter mindst én gruppe med formel F2, og hvori R2a ikke er et hydrogenatom.
9. Forbindelse med formel (Illa) ifølge krav 7.
10. Forbindelse ifølge krav 9, der omfatter mindst én gruppe med formel F2.
11. Forbindelse ifølge krav 9 eller 10, hvor Ri er et peptid eller protein, der omfatter mindst to cyste in rester, hvilke cysteinrester fortrinsvis danner en intern disulfidbinding i peptidet eller proteinet, når peptidet eller proteinet ikke er bundet i forbindelsen med formel (Illa).
12. Fremgangsmåde, som er: (A) en fremgangsmåde til påvisning af, om et stof er til stede i en prøve, hvilken fremgangsmåde omfatter: tilvejebringelse af en forbindelse som defineret i (B) i krav 8 eller krav 10, hvor den ene af den første funktionelle del og den anden funktionelle del er en funktionel del, der er i stand til at generere et påviseligt signal, og den anden af den første funktionelle del og den anden funktionelle del er en funktionel del, der er i stand til at interagere med stoffet; inkubering af prøven med forbindelsen; og overvågning for et signal under betingelser, der åbner mulighed for generering af et påviseligt signal fra den funktionelle del, der er i stand til at generere et påviseligt signal; eller (B) en fremgangsmåde til identificering af, om et stof interagerer med en funktionel del med formel Ri, hvilken fremgangsmåde omfatter: fremstilling af et konjugat, der omfatter (a) den funktionelle del med formel Ri og (b) en påviselig del, der er i stand til at generere et signal, der kan modificeres ved hjælp af stoffet, ved udførelse af en fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 4 til 6; inkubering af konjugatet med stoffet; opnåelse af et signal fra den påviselige del; og sammenligning af signalet med et kontrolsignal, der kan opnås, når konjugatet ikke har været i kontakt med stoffet, til således bestemmelse af, om stoffet interagerer med konjugatet.
13. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af kravene 4 til 6, hvilken fremgangsmåde yderligere omfatter kobling af en eller flere yderligere funktionelle dele til konjugatet, hvor hver yderligere funktionelle del er ens eller forskellige og er valgt blandt en påviselig del, en enzymatisk aktiv del, en affinitetstag, en hapten, et immunogent bæremateriale, et antistof eller antistoffragment, et antigen, en ligand, en biologisk aktiv del, et liposom, en polymer del, en aminosyre, et peptid, et protein, en celle, et carbohydrat, et DNA og et RNA.
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