DE947421C - Magnetische Fluessigkeit - Google Patents
Magnetische FluessigkeitInfo
- Publication number
- DE947421C DE947421C DEN5976A DEN0005976A DE947421C DE 947421 C DE947421 C DE 947421C DE N5976 A DEN5976 A DE N5976A DE N0005976 A DEN0005976 A DE N0005976A DE 947421 C DE947421 C DE 947421C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- magnetic
- oil
- liquid according
- mixture
- magnetic liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/06—Use of special fluids, e.g. liquid metal; Special adaptations of fluid-pressure systems, or control of elements therefor, to the use of such fluids
- F15B21/065—Use of electro- or magnetosensitive fluids, e.g. electrorheological fluid
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- C10M1/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
- C10M1/08—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
- F04B53/162—Adaptations of cylinders
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/20—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/44—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of magnetic liquids, e.g. ferrofluids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01F1/447—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of magnetic liquids, e.g. ferrofluids characterised by magnetoviscosity, e.g. magnetorheological, magnetothixotropic, magnetodilatant liquids
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- C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
- C10M2229/05—Siloxanes with specific structure containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2060/00—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition
- C10N2060/04—Oxidation, e.g. ozonisation
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Description
AUSGEGEBEN AM 16. AUGUST 1956
N 5976IV c j23 c
Magnetische Flüssigkeit
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf besonders stabile magnetische Flüssigkeiten, welche für verschiedenartige
Zwecke verwendet werden können, z. B. in hydraulischen Systemen, Stoßdämpfern ".ad Kupplungen.
Die Wirkungsweise einer magnetischen Flüssigkeit in einem Kupplungsmechanismus beruht
auf folgenden physikalischen Grundlagen:
Wenn der Raum zwischen zwei parallelen magnetischen Platten mit feinverteilten magnetisierbaren
oder magnetischen Teilchen ausgefüllt und zwischen den beiden Platten ein magnetisches Feld erzeugt
wird, so verbinden die magnetischen Teilchen die beiden Platten miteinander und verhindern so, daß
diese parallel zu ihren Oberflächen bewegt werden. Die magnetisierbaren oder magnetischen Teilchen
können aus feinverteiltem Eisen bestehen, welches im allgemeinen mit einer Flüssigkeit, wie z. B. einem Öl,
vermischt wird, um ein Festklemmen der Kupplung zu verhindern und ein weicheres Arbeiten zu ermöglichen.
Wenn auf dieses flüssige Gemisch ein magne- ao tisches Feld zur Einwirkung gebracht wird, werden
die Eisenteilchen gegenseitig angezogen und verbinden sich in dem magnetischen Feld, so daß sich das Gemisch
zu verfestigen scheint.
Die in Flüssigkeiten der beschriebenen Art suspendierten magnetisierbaren oder magnetischen Teilchen,
wie Eisen oder Eisenoxyd, haben die Neigung, sich abzusetzen und schwere Sedimente zu bilden, welche
ein erneutes Mischen der Flüssigkeit erfordern, bevor diese wieder verwendet werden kann. Zur Vermeidung
dieses Nachteils hat man versuchsweise hochviskose Flüssigkeiten als Suspendiermittel benutzt oder Zusätze,
welche zur Bildung thixotroper Gemische neigen, usw., jedoch nur mit geringem Erfolg.
Es ist nun gefunden worden, daß das Absetzen bzw. ίο die Sedimentation der magnetisierbaren oder magnetischen Teilchen aus den in magnetischen Flüssigkeiten
verwendeten Ölen verhindert werden kann, indem man diesen ein darin unlösliches, aber vorzugsweise flüssiges
Material in geringen Mengen zusetzt, welches ein wasserlöslicher niedrigmolekularer Alkohol oder ein
Mercaptan, Äther, Amin oder Amid ist.
Besonders geeignete Flüssigkeiten dieser Art zur Anwendung in den erfindungsgemäßen magnetischen
Flüssigkeiten sind beispielsweise Äthylalkohol, Propylalkohol, Isopropylalkohol, Allylalkohol, Mercaptoäthanol,
- Glyzerin, Äthylenglykol, Diäthylenglykol, Triäthylenglykol, Propylenglykol, Dipropylenglykol,
Thiodiglykol, Pentandiol-2, 4, Hexandiol-2, 5, Butandiol-i,
3, Methyläther von Äthylenglykol, Äthyläther von Äthylenglykol, Butyläther von Äthylenglykol,
Methyläther von Diäthylenglykol, Äthylendiamin, Diäthylentriamin, N-Oxyäthylpropylendiamin,
Morp'holin, N-Methylmorpholin, Triäthanolamin,
Formamid und Acetamid.
Die Trägerflüssigkeit für die magnetisierbaren oder magnetischen Teilchen kann aus einer großen Zahl
von Stoffen mit ölartigem Charakter, wie natürlichen und synthetischen Schmiermitteln, ausgewähltwerden.
Man kann Mineralöle mit jeder- Viskosität aus dem
Bereich zwischen etwa 40 und 2000 Saybolt-Sek. bei 37,7° verwenden, welche hohe Flamm- und Brennpunkte
aufweisen sowie auch Mischungen solcher Stoffe. Bevorzugt werden raffinierte Mineralöle, z. B.
Dampfzylinderöle, Bright-stock-Öle, Weißöle und leichte Maschinenöle mit einer Viskosität von 300 bis
700 Saybolt-Sek. bei 37,7°, einem Viskositätsindex von etwa 40 bis 70 und einem durchschnittlichen Molgewicht
Von etwa 350 bis 550. Mischungen aus Mineralölen und mineralöüoslichen fetten Ölen, wie Ricinusöl
und Specköl, können ebenso verwendet werden, wie synthetische Schmiermittel und Gemische aus solchen.
Synthetische Schmiermittel, die in den erfindungsgemäßen magnetischen Flüssigkeiten verwendet werden,
können beispielsweise nach dem Fischer-Tropsch-Verfahren, dem Synthol-Verfahren oder dem Bergius-Verfahren
in bekannter Weise hergestellt worden sein. Auch erhält man geeignete Schmiermittel durch Voltolisieren
von fetten Ölen, Compound-Ölen oder ungesättigten Kohlenwasserstoffen. Fluor und/oder Chlor
enthaltende Kohlenwasserstofföle sind gleichfalls in Betracht zu ziehen.
Geeignete synthetische Schmiermittel auf der Basis organischer Ester sind beispielsweise Sebacinsäure-..
lind Adipinsäurealkylester, sowie Alkyl- und Arylester von Säuren des Phosphors. Auch Polymerisate bzw.
Mischpolymerisate von Alkylenglykolen sowie gewissen Epoxyden und sauerstoffhaltigen heterocyclischen
Verbindungen sind zur Verwendung geeignet.
Außerdem kann man als Trägerflüssigkeit schwefelhaltige
Reaktionsprodukte verwenden, die aus geeigneten Substanzen, z. B. Allylalkohol, Divinyläther
oder Glykolen, durch Einwirkung von H2S in Anwesenheit eines Katalysators entstehen. Besonders
bevorzugt sind im Rahmen der Erfindung Siliciumverbindungen, wie ζ B Arylsilicate und Siliconpolymere.
Die magnetisierbaren oder magnetischen Teilchen bzw. Pulver, die zur Herstellung der" magnetischen
Flüssigkeiten gemäß vorliegender Erfindung benutzt werden, können ein beliebiges Material darstellen,
welches magnetische Eigenschaften und vorzugsweise Abmessungen zwischen 2 und 100 Mikron, insbesondere
zwischen 5 und 30 Mikron, aufweist. Eisenpulver, das durch Zersetzung von Eisencarbonyl hergestellt
worden ist, eignet sich besonders zur Anwendung in den erfindungsgemäßen magnetischen Flüssigkeiten,
obwohl man auch Eisenpulver und bzw. oder Eisenoxyd verwenden kann, das auf irgendeine andere Weise
hergestellt worden ist.
Ein Gemisch, welches eine Trägerflüssigkeit und magnetisierbare oder magnetische Teilchen in einem
Gewichtsverhältnis von 1: 6 und eine geringere Menge eines magnetophilen Stoffes enthält, stellt eine brauchbare
magnetische Flüssigkeit dar.
Den erfindüngsgemäßen Gemischen können untergeordnete
Mengen anderer Stoffe, z. B. von Antioxydationsmitteln, Korrosionsverhinderern, Hochdruckzusätzen
und die Abnutzung verhindernden Mitteln zugesetzt werden. Beispiele für solche Zusätze sind
Alkylphenole, wie 2, 6-Ditert,-butyl-4-methylphenol; Amine, wie Phenylnaphthylamin; organische Phosphorverbindungen,
wie Düorolphosphat (Phosphorsäureester, der durch Hydrieren von Kokosnußöl erhaltenen
aliphatischen Alkohole); Dilaurylphosphit, Tributylphosphat und Trikresylphosphat; Natriumni,trit
und Lithiumnitrit.
Die vorzugsweise Zusammensetzung der erfindungsgemäßen magnetischen Flüssigkeiten ergibt sich aus
der folgenden Tabelle.
Trägerflüssigkeit, z. B.
natürliches und bzw. oder
synthetisches Schmiermittel
natürliches und bzw. oder
synthetisches Schmiermittel
Magnetische oder magnetisierbare Teilchen, z. B.
Eisenpulver
Eisenpulver
Erfindungsgemäßer Zusatzstoff
Zusätze nach Wahl, z. B.
. Antioxydationsmittel,
Korrosionsverhinderer..
. Antioxydationsmittel,
Korrosionsverhinderer..
Menge in Gewichtsprozent
Weiter
Bereich
Bereich
3- bis 79
10 bis 97
0,001 bis 10
0 bis 5
Enger
Bereich
Bereich
IO bis 40
60 bis 90
0,01 bis 5
0 bis 0,1
Beispiele für spezielle Gemische gemäß der Erfindung sind:
Gemisch A
Gewichtsprozent
Leuchtöl 15,0
Eisenpulver (d0 = 7 bis 10 μ)
84,9
Äthylenglykol 0,1
Gemisch B
Dimethylsiloxanpolymerisat 15,0
Eisenpulver (aus Eisencarbonyl)
(d0 = 7 bis 10 μ)
84,9
Äthylenglykol 0,1
Gemisch C
Mineralöl 15,00
Eisenpulver .". 84,95
Propylenglykol 0,05
Gemisch D
Mineralöl 15,00
Eisenpulver 84,95
Glyzerin 0,05
Gemisch E
Sebacinsäure-di(2-äthylhexyl)-ester .... 15,0
Eisenpulver » 84,9
Äthylenglykol 0,1
Gemisch F
Mineralöl 15,0
Eisenpulver 84,9
Formamid 0,1
Gemisch G
Tetraphenylsilicat 20,0
Eisenpulver 79,9
Äthylenglykol 0,1
Gemisch I
Trifluorchloräthylenpolymerisat 25,0
Eisenpulver 74,9
Äthylenglykol 0,1
Gemisch J
Fluoriertes Erdöl 27,00
Eisenpulver 72,95
Äthylenglykol 0,05
Gemisch K
Chloriertes Biphenyl 22,0
Eisenpulver 77,9
Äthylenglykol 0,1
Gemisch L
Mineralöl 22,0
Eisenpulver 77,9
Methyläther des- Äthylenglykols 0,1
Gemisch M
Gewichtsprozent
Mineralöl 23,0
Eisenoxyd 76,5
Äthylenglykol 0,5
Gemisch N
Mineralöl 39,9
Eisenpulver 60,0
Acetamid 0,1
Gemisch O
Mineralöl 30,0
Eisenpulver 69,0
Äthylendiamin 0,1
Äthylenglykol 0,9
Gemisch P
Mineralöl 20,0
Eisenpulver 75,0
Propylenglykol 0,5
2, ö-Ditert.-butyl^-methylphenol...... 4,5
Gemisch Q
Mineralöl 25,0
Eisenpulver 74,0
Äthylenglykol 0,1
Phenyl-2-naphthylamin 0,9
Gemisch R
Mineralöl 20,0
Eisenpulver 79,8
Äthylenglykol 0,1
Natriumnitrit 0,1
Das in den Gemischen C, D, F und L bis R verwendete Mineralöl war ein Weißöl mit den folgenden
Eigenschaften:
Spezifisches Gewicht, ° API 30,2
Farbe, Saybolt +30
Stockpunkt —12,2°
Flammpunkt, COC 221,1
Brennpunkt 254,4°
Viskosität, SUS bei 98,9° 55,1
Anfangssiedepunkt 2920
Um die starken suspendierenden Eigenschaften zu erläutern, welche die Zusätze gemäß Erfindung aufweisen,
wenn sie zu magnetischen Flüssigkeiten zugesetzt werden, wurde die nachstehend beschriebene
Prüfung durchgeführt. Entsprechende Ergebnisse sind in der Tabelle zusammengestellt.
Die nachstehend angegebenen Gemische wurden in Flaschen von 2 Unzen (etwa 57 g) Inhalt gebracht und
dann bei Zimmertemperatur 5 Tage ungestört stehengelassen, worauf die Menge des abgeschiedenen Öls
festgestellt wurde.
Ölabscheidung in Gewichtsprozenten
Gemisch A ο
B ο
- C ' ο
E ο,ΐ
G ο
X*) 4O,o
Y**) 5o,o
*) Gemisch. X = I Teil Mineralöl + 6 Teile Eisenpulver.
**) Gemisch. Y = Gemisch X + o,i Teil oleophües oberflächenaktives
Mittel (öllöslicher Ester).
***) Gemisch Z = Gemisch X + o,i Teil eines oleophilen
oberflächenaktiven Mittels (öllösliche Fettsäure).
Aus den vorstehend wiedergegebenen Resultaten ergibt sich, daß die erfindungsgemäßen Gemische
äußerst beständig sind.
Claims (7)
1. Magnetische Flüssigkeit auf der Basis eines natürlichen und/oder synthetischen Öls und magnetischer
bzw. magnetisierbarer Teilchen, wie Eisen- oder Eisenoxydteilchen, gekennzeichnet
durch einen geringen Gehalt, vorzugsweise ο,οοι
bis io Gewichtsprozent eines.in der Ölbasis unlöslichen,
aber in Wasser löslichen niedrigmolekularen Alkohols, Mercaptans, Äthers, Amins oder Amids.
2. Magnetische Flüssigkeit nach Anspruch i, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie als natürliches Öl
ein Mineralöl oder ein Gemisch aus Mineralöl und einem mineralöllöslichen fetten öl enthält.
3. Magnetische Flüssigkeit nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie als synthetisches
Öl ein Siliconpolymerisat oder ein organisches Silicat, insbesondere Tetraphenylsilicat, enthält.
4. Magnetische Flüssigkeit nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die magnetischen
oder magnetisierbaren Teilchen Abmessungen zwischen 2 und 100 Mikron, insbesondere zwischen
5 und 30 Mikron, aufweisen.
5· Magnetische Flüssigkeit nach Anspruch 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der wasserlösliche
niedrigmolekulare Alkohol ein mehrwertiger Alkohol und insbesondere Äthylenglykol
ist.
6. Magnetische Flüssigkeit nach Anspruch 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gewichtsverhältnis
zwischen dem natürlichen und/oder synthetischen Öl und den magnetisierbaren oder
magnetischen Teilchen 1: 6 beträgt.
7. Magnetische Flüssigkeit nach Anspruch 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie zusätzlich
eine geringe Menge, vorzugsweise nicht mehr als 5 Gewichtsprozent, bezogen auf das Gesamtgemisch,
eines Antioxydationsmittels, Korrosionsverhinderers, Hochdruckzusatzes oder eines die
Abnutzung verringernden Mittels enthält.
In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften:
Deutsche Patentschrift Nr. 445 116;
USA.-Patentschrift Nr. 2 486 130;
Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical
Engineers, Vol. 67 (1948), S. 5 und 6.
Deutsche Patentschrift Nr. 445 116;
USA.-Patentschrift Nr. 2 486 130;
Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical
Engineers, Vol. 67 (1948), S. 5 und 6.
© 509 659/236 2.56 '(609 584 8.56)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US243349A US2751352A (en) | 1951-08-23 | 1951-08-23 | Magnetic fluids |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE947421C true DE947421C (de) | 1956-08-16 |
Family
ID=22918393
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEN5976A Expired DE947421C (de) | 1951-08-23 | 1952-08-23 | Magnetische Fluessigkeit |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2751352A (de) |
BE (1) | BE513667A (de) |
DE (1) | DE947421C (de) |
FR (1) | FR1071708A (de) |
GB (1) | GB705050A (de) |
NL (2) | NL171985B (de) |
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US4944802A (en) * | 1988-09-16 | 1990-07-31 | Omni Quest Corporation | High coercivity magnetic inks and method for making same |
JPH02284992A (ja) * | 1989-04-26 | 1990-11-22 | Tonen Corp | 電気粘性流体 |
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DE4131846A1 (de) * | 1991-09-25 | 1993-04-01 | Basf Ag | Magnetorheologische fluessigkeit |
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ATE157192T1 (de) * | 1992-04-14 | 1997-09-15 | Byelocorp Scient Inc | Magnetorheologische flüssigkeiten und herstellungsverfahrens |
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US5354488A (en) * | 1992-10-07 | 1994-10-11 | Trw Inc. | Fluid responsive to a magnetic field |
DE69321247T2 (de) * | 1992-10-30 | 1999-02-25 | Lord Corp., Cary, N.C. | Magnetorheologische thixotrope materialien |
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JPH08259986A (ja) * | 1995-03-27 | 1996-10-08 | Taiho Ind Co Ltd | 磁性流体組成物 |
US5795212A (en) * | 1995-10-16 | 1998-08-18 | Byelocorp Scientific, Inc. | Deterministic magnetorheological finishing |
US5900184A (en) * | 1995-10-18 | 1999-05-04 | Lord Corporation | Method and magnetorheological fluid formulations for increasing the output of a magnetorheological fluid device |
US5730893A (en) * | 1996-04-19 | 1998-03-24 | Ferrotec Corporation | Magnetic colloids using acid terminated poly (12-hydroxystearic acid) dispersants |
US5705085A (en) * | 1996-06-13 | 1998-01-06 | Lord Corporation | Organomolybdenum-containing magnetorheological fluid |
US5683615A (en) * | 1996-06-13 | 1997-11-04 | Lord Corporation | Magnetorheological fluid |
US5906767A (en) * | 1996-06-13 | 1999-05-25 | Lord Corporation | Magnetorheological fluid |
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US5984056A (en) * | 1997-04-24 | 1999-11-16 | Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. | Magnetic particle damper apparatus |
US6395193B1 (en) | 2000-05-03 | 2002-05-28 | Lord Corporation | Magnetorheological compositions |
US6547986B1 (en) | 2000-09-21 | 2003-04-15 | Lord Corporation | Magnetorheological grease composition |
DE102005010558B4 (de) * | 2005-03-04 | 2007-10-31 | Sirona Dental Systems Gmbh | Zahnärztliches Instrument mit einer Kupplung |
CN101772811B (zh) * | 2007-08-01 | 2013-03-13 | 洛德公司 | 不沉降的基于二醇的磁流变流体 |
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-
0
- BE BE513667D patent/BE513667A/xx unknown
- NL NL88348D patent/NL88348C/xx active
- NL NLAANVRAGE7701107,A patent/NL171985B/xx unknown
-
1951
- 1951-08-23 US US243349A patent/US2751352A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1952
- 1952-08-22 GB GB21121/52A patent/GB705050A/en not_active Expired
- 1952-08-22 FR FR1071708D patent/FR1071708A/fr not_active Expired
- 1952-08-23 DE DEN5976A patent/DE947421C/de not_active Expired
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE445116C (de) * | 1925-12-23 | 1927-06-03 | I G Farbenindustrie Akt Ges | Schmiermittel |
US2486130A (en) * | 1948-05-26 | 1949-10-25 | Dow Chemical Co | Lubricant composition |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR1071708A (fr) | 1954-09-03 |
NL88348C (de) | |
US2751352A (en) | 1956-06-19 |
GB705050A (en) | 1954-03-03 |
NL171985B (nl) | |
BE513667A (de) |
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