DE69840045D1 - Ausrichtungsmittel für flüssigkristalle - Google Patents
Ausrichtungsmittel für flüssigkristalleInfo
- Publication number
- DE69840045D1 DE69840045D1 DE69840045T DE69840045T DE69840045D1 DE 69840045 D1 DE69840045 D1 DE 69840045D1 DE 69840045 T DE69840045 T DE 69840045T DE 69840045 T DE69840045 T DE 69840045T DE 69840045 D1 DE69840045 D1 DE 69840045D1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- alignment
- liquid crystals
- crystals
- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
- C09K19/54—Additives having no specific mesophase characterised by their chemical composition
- C09K19/56—Aligning agents
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/133711—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by organic films, e.g. polymeric films
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/133711—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by organic films, e.g. polymeric films
- G02F1/133723—Polyimide, polyamide-imide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L79/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
- C08L79/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08L79/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/02—Alignment layer characterised by chemical composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/02—Alignment layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/025—Polyamide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/02—Alignment layer characterised by chemical composition
- C09K2323/027—Polyimide
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/133765—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers without a surface treatment
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/13378—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation
- G02F1/133788—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation by light irradiation, e.g. linearly polarised light photo-polymerisation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/13378—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation
- G02F1/133792—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation by etching
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31721—Of polyimide
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31725—Of polyamide
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
- Polyamides (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11300297 | 1997-04-30 | ||
PCT/JP1998/001955 WO1998049596A1 (fr) | 1997-04-30 | 1998-04-28 | Agent d'alignement pour cristal liquide |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE69840045D1 true DE69840045D1 (de) | 2008-11-06 |
Family
ID=14600990
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE69840045T Expired - Lifetime DE69840045D1 (de) | 1997-04-30 | 1998-04-28 | Ausrichtungsmittel für flüssigkristalle |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6274695B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0980016B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4022985B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR100553513B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1114125C (de) |
DE (1) | DE69840045D1 (de) |
TW (1) | TW461980B (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998049596A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4078508B2 (ja) * | 1998-08-26 | 2008-04-23 | 日産化学工業株式会社 | 液晶配向処理剤及びそれを用いた液晶素子並びに液晶の配向方法 |
EP1206975A3 (de) * | 2000-11-14 | 2004-07-14 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Chemisch adsorbierende Lösung und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer chemisch absorbierten Schicht mit dieser Lösung |
KR100685944B1 (ko) * | 2000-12-05 | 2007-02-23 | 엘지.필립스 엘시디 주식회사 | 광배향성 물질 및 이를 이용한 액정표시소자 |
US6603413B2 (en) | 2001-02-07 | 2003-08-05 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Variable-length decoding apparatus and method |
KR20040093052A (ko) * | 2002-02-15 | 2004-11-04 | 다이니폰 인사츠 가부시키가이샤 | 배향막, 배향막의 제조 방법, 배향막이 부착된 기판 및액정 표시 장치 |
WO2005052028A1 (ja) * | 2003-11-26 | 2005-06-09 | Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd. | 垂直配向用液晶配向処理剤および液晶表示素子 |
WO2006068197A1 (ja) * | 2004-12-22 | 2006-06-29 | Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd. | 液晶配向剤及びそれを用いた液晶表示素子 |
TWI422927B (zh) * | 2006-03-16 | 2014-01-11 | Jnc Corp | 光配向膜以及液晶顯示元件 |
JP5090370B2 (ja) * | 2007-01-04 | 2012-12-05 | エルジー・ケム・リミテッド | 液晶配向用組成物、これによって製造された液晶配向膜、およびこれを含む液晶ディスプレイ |
CN101359128B (zh) * | 2007-08-03 | 2010-11-24 | 群康科技(深圳)有限公司 | 液晶面板、液晶面板的配向膜及其制造方法 |
JP5712856B2 (ja) | 2010-09-22 | 2015-05-07 | Jnc株式会社 | 感光性化合物および該化合物からなる感光性ポリマー |
WO2013002345A1 (ja) * | 2011-06-28 | 2013-01-03 | 日産化学工業株式会社 | 液晶配向膜の製造方法、液晶配向膜及び液晶表示素子 |
JP6057895B2 (ja) * | 2011-06-28 | 2017-01-11 | 日産化学工業株式会社 | 液晶配向膜の製造方法、液晶配向膜及び液晶表示素子 |
KR102000316B1 (ko) * | 2011-11-30 | 2019-07-15 | 닛산 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 액정 배향막, 액정 배향막의 제조 방법 및 액정 표시 소자 |
JP6146576B2 (ja) * | 2011-12-21 | 2017-06-14 | 日産化学工業株式会社 | 液晶配向処理剤、液晶配向膜及びそれを用いた液晶表示素子 |
WO2013146589A1 (ja) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-03 | 日産化学工業株式会社 | 液晶表示素子およびその製造方法 |
KR20150101514A (ko) * | 2014-02-26 | 2015-09-04 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 광배향제, 이를 포함하는 액정 표시 장치 및 그 제조 방법 |
KR20170023284A (ko) * | 2015-08-20 | 2017-03-03 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 광배향막 리워크 방법 및 이를 포함하는 액정 표시 장치의 제조 방법 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH01115928A (ja) * | 1987-10-29 | 1989-05-09 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | ジアセチレン基含有ポリアミドの製造方法 |
JPH0749481B2 (ja) * | 1989-01-18 | 1995-05-31 | チッソ株式会社 | 感光性耐熱重合体の製造方法 |
JPH0381327A (ja) * | 1989-08-24 | 1991-04-05 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | ジアセチレン系ポリアミド酸、その誘導体及びポリイミド |
EP0611786B1 (de) * | 1993-02-17 | 1999-04-14 | Rolic AG | Orientierungsschicht für Flüssigkristalle |
JP2777056B2 (ja) | 1993-05-20 | 1998-07-16 | エルジー電子株式会社 | 液晶セルの配向物質 |
JPH08328005A (ja) * | 1995-05-26 | 1996-12-13 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | 液晶配向膜、液晶配向膜の処理方法、液晶挟持基板、液晶表示素子、液晶表示素子の製造方法及び液晶配向膜用材料 |
JPH08328015A (ja) * | 1995-05-31 | 1996-12-13 | Casio Comput Co Ltd | 液晶表示素子とその製造方法 |
DE69725733T2 (de) * | 1996-03-05 | 2004-07-29 | Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Verfahren zum ausrichten von flussigkristallen |
JP3179025B2 (ja) | 1996-06-26 | 2001-06-25 | 株式会社タカラ | ジオラマ玩具 |
-
1998
- 1998-04-27 TW TW087106448A patent/TW461980B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-04-28 US US09/403,766 patent/US6274695B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-28 EP EP98917723A patent/EP0980016B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-28 DE DE69840045T patent/DE69840045D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-28 KR KR1019997009738A patent/KR100553513B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-04-28 WO PCT/JP1998/001955 patent/WO1998049596A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 1998-04-28 CN CN98804506A patent/CN1114125C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-30 JP JP12094198A patent/JP4022985B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1998049596A1 (fr) | 1998-11-05 |
TW461980B (en) | 2001-11-01 |
CN1253635A (zh) | 2000-05-17 |
EP0980016A4 (de) | 2000-10-11 |
EP0980016B1 (de) | 2008-09-24 |
JPH1115001A (ja) | 1999-01-22 |
EP0980016A1 (de) | 2000-02-16 |
US6274695B1 (en) | 2001-08-14 |
CN1114125C (zh) | 2003-07-09 |
KR100553513B1 (ko) | 2006-02-20 |
KR20010020171A (ko) | 2001-03-15 |
JP4022985B2 (ja) | 2007-12-19 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
8364 | No opposition during term of opposition |