DE69404257T2 - Verfahren zur Herstellung von alpha-Olefinpolymeren - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung von alpha-OlefinpolymerenInfo
- Publication number
- DE69404257T2 DE69404257T2 DE69404257T DE69404257T DE69404257T2 DE 69404257 T2 DE69404257 T2 DE 69404257T2 DE 69404257 T DE69404257 T DE 69404257T DE 69404257 T DE69404257 T DE 69404257T DE 69404257 T2 DE69404257 T2 DE 69404257T2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- tetrakis
- dichloride
- group
- cyclopentadienyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- -1 Lewis base compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 61
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000008040 ionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002879 Lewis base Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical group [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical group [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical group [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N endo-cyclopentadiene Natural products C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002899 organoaluminium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005277 alkyl imino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003454 indenyl group Chemical group C1(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 38
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- MGWAVDBGNNKXQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisobutyl phthalate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(C)C MGWAVDBGNNKXQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- OJOSABWCUVCSTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohepta-2,4,6-trienylium Chemical compound C1=CC=C[CH+]=C[CH]1 OJOSABWCUVCSTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Natural products C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 6
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- AHUXYBVKTIBBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy(diphenyl)silane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 AHUXYBVKTIBBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-O dimethyl(phenyl)azanium Chemical compound C[NH+](C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OLFPYUPGPBITMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritylium Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[C+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 OLFPYUPGPBITMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZWYDDDAMNQQZHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L titanium(ii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ti+2] ZWYDDDAMNQQZHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- OISVCGZHLKNMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=N1 OISVCGZHLKNMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)NC(C)C UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012968 metallocene catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VPGLGRNSAYHXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L zirconium(2+);dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr]Cl VPGLGRNSAYHXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- IZYHZMFAUFITLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2,4-difluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=C(C=C)C(F)=C1 IZYHZMFAUFITLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JYYNAJVZFGKDEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-Dimethylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=NC(C)=C1 JYYNAJVZFGKDEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GSNUFIFRDBKVIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dimethylfuran Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C)O1 GSNUFIFRDBKVIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RXGUIWHIADMCFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylpropyl 2-methylpropionate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C(C)C RXGUIWHIADMCFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDSNLYIMUZNERS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropanamine Chemical compound CC(C)CN KDSNLYIMUZNERS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QMYGFTJCQFEDST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methoxybutyl acetate Chemical compound COC(C)CCOC(C)=O QMYGFTJCQFEDST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCFAJYNVAYBARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-heptanone Chemical compound CCCC(=O)CCC HCFAJYNVAYBARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VVJKKWFAADXIJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Allylamine Chemical compound NCC=C VVJKKWFAADXIJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl phthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- KEBDNKNVCHQIJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isovaleriansaeure-isobutylester Natural products CC(C)COC(=O)CC(C)C KEBDNKNVCHQIJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylaniline Chemical compound CNC1=CC=CC=C1 AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SSBZEFBGQCOEIH-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Cl-].[Cl-].C1(=CC=CC=C1)C(C1=CC=CC=C1)=[Zr+2](C1=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC1=2)C1C=CC=C1 Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].C1(=CC=CC=C1)C(C1=CC=CC=C1)=[Zr+2](C1=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC1=2)C1C=CC=C1 SSBZEFBGQCOEIH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QUKGYYKBILRGFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 QUKGYYKBILRGFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SESFRYSPDFLNCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl benzoate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 SESFRYSPDFLNCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSIFPSYPOVKYCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl benzoate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XSIFPSYPOVKYCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUPYJHCZDLZNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCC XUPYJHCZDLZNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NMJJFJNHVMGPGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl formate Chemical compound CCCCOC=O NMJJFJNHVMGPGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KSFCHHFBQJDGFF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cyclopenta-1,3-diene;dichlorotitanium Chemical compound Cl[Ti]Cl.C1C=CC=C1.C1C=CC=C1 KSFCHHFBQJDGFF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QRUYYSPCOGSZGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L cyclopentane;dichlorozirconium Chemical compound Cl[Zr]Cl.[CH]1[CH][CH][CH][CH]1.[CH]1[CH][CH][CH][CH]1 QRUYYSPCOGSZGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- MHDVGSVTJDSBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1COCC1=CC=CC=C1 MHDVGSVTJDSBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FLKPEMZONWLCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl phthalate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC FLKPEMZONWLCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LJSQFQKUNVCTIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl sulfide Chemical compound CCSCC LJSQFQKUNVCTIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GGSUCNLOZRCGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylaniline Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 GGSUCNLOZRCGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CATSNJVOTSVZJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptan-2-one Chemical compound CCCCCC(C)=O CATSNJVOTSVZJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AOGQPLXWSUTHQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(C)=O AOGQPLXWSUTHQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MLFHJEHSLIIPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoamyl acetate Chemical compound CC(C)CCOC(C)=O MLFHJEHSLIIPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PQLMXFQTAMDXIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoamyl butyrate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OCCC(C)C PQLMXFQTAMDXIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XAOGXQMKWQFZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoamyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OCCC(C)C XAOGXQMKWQFZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoquinoline Chemical compound C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPXUHEORWJQRHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC(=O)CC(C)C PPXUHEORWJQRHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl benzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DPBLXKKOBLCELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCN DPBLXKKOBLCELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-2-one Chemical compound CCCC(C)=O XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-3-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)CC FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCCOC(C)=O PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UDEWPOVQBGFNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl benzoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 UDEWPOVQBGFNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical compound CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- MOQRZWSWPNIGMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N stearic acid pentyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCC MOQRZWSWPNIGMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetin Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(OC(C)=O)COC(C)=O URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YWWDBCBWQNCYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylphosphine Chemical compound CP(C)C YWWDBCBWQNCYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ABDKAPXRBAPSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N veratrole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1OC ABDKAPXRBAPSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPIJMQVLTXAGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dimethoxycyclohexane Chemical compound COC1(OC)CCCCC1 XPIJMQVLTXAGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- NETBVGNWMHLXRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl-dimethoxy-methylsilane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)C(C)(C)C NETBVGNWMHLXRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFWAESPQSRZDQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl-dimethoxy-propylsilane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OC)(OC)C(C)(C)C CFWAESPQSRZDQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UQMOLLPKNHFRAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutyl silicate Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)OCCCC UQMOLLPKNHFRAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZYAPKYFYYWOKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahexyl silicate Chemical compound CCCCCCO[Si](OCCCCCC)(OCCCCCC)OCCCCCC HZYAPKYFYYWOKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- MQHSFMJHURNQIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrakis(2-ethylhexyl) silicate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO[Si](OCC(CC)CCCC)(OCC(CC)CCCC)OCC(CC)CCCC MQHSFMJHURNQIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JSECNWXDEZOMPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrakis(2-methoxyethyl) silicate Chemical compound COCCO[Si](OCCOC)(OCCOC)OCCOC JSECNWXDEZOMPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWAHIMQJNWIJPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrakis(3-methylbutyl) silicate Chemical compound CC(C)CCO[Si](OCCC(C)C)(OCCC(C)C)OCCC(C)C PWAHIMQJNWIJPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZUEKXCXHTXJYAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropan-2-yl silicate Chemical compound CC(C)O[Si](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C ZUEKXCXHTXJYAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQZCOBSUOFHDEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropyl silicate Chemical compound CCCO[Si](OCCC)(OCCC)OCCC ZQZCOBSUOFHDEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003555 thioacetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005323 thioketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004992 toluidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960002622 triacetin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SQBBHCOIQXKPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylalumane Chemical compound CCCC[Al](CCCC)CCCC SQBBHCOIQXKPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylphosphine Chemical compound CCCCP(CCCC)CCCC TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)OCC CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCVQKRGIASEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 JCVQKRGIASEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQQSFSZALRVCSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[SiH](OCC)OCC QQQSFSZALRVCSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OEZONJBFNSCSLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihexoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCO[Si](C)(OCCCCCC)OCCCCCC OEZONJBFNSCSLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYJRNCYWTVGEEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(2-methylpropyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CC(C)C XYJRNCYWTVGEEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGROXJWYRXANBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(propan-2-yl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C(C)C LGROXJWYRXANBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYTQBVOFDCPGCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphite Chemical compound COP(OC)OC CYTQBVOFDCPGCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NNLPAMPVXAPWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1-methylethoxy)silane Chemical compound CC(C)O[Si](C)(C)C NNLPAMPVXAPWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQINJXJSYYRJIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(2-methylpropoxy)silane Chemical compound CC(C)CO[Si](C)(C)C ZQINJXJSYYRJIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UABFFWVEXACZGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(pentoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCO[Si](C)(C)C UABFFWVEXACZGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OJAJJFGMKAZGRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(phenoxy)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OC1=CC=CC=C1 OJAJJFGMKAZGRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHPGKIATZDCVHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(propoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCO[Si](C)(C)C PHPGKIATZDCVHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PGZGBYCKAOEPQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C PGZGBYCKAOEPQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FIQMHBFVRAXMOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphane oxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 FIQMHBFVRAXMOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAKQLTYPVIOBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritert-butylalumane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[Al](C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C RTAKQLTYPVIOBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/65908—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond in combination with an ionising compound other than alumoxane, e.g. (C6F5)4B-X+
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/65912—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond in combination with an organoaluminium compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/6592—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring
- C08F4/65922—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring containing at least two cyclopentadienyl rings, fused or not
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- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
- Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Katalysator zur Herstellung eines α-Olefinpolymers, umfassend ein Metallocen, eine Organoaluminiumverbindung, eine ionisierende ionische Verbindung und eine Lewis-Basenverbindung. Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft auch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines α-Olefinpolymers unter Verwendung des vorstehenden Katalysators.
- Zur Polymerisation von Olefinen sind bestimmte wirksame Katalysatoren bekannt, die eine Kombination eines Cyclopentadienylderivats eines Metalls, wie Titan, Zirkonium und Hafnium (Gruppe 4B des Periodensystems), mit einem Aluminoxan umfassen.
- Diese Art von Katalysator wird praktisch bei der kommerziellen Herstellung von Olefinpolymeren hauptsächlich wegen der folgenden Nachteile nicht verwendet: das Aluminoxan kann nicht ohne weiteres mit hoher Reproduzierbarkeit synthetisiert werden, und daher kann die Herstellung des Katalysators und Produktion der Polymere nicht mit ausreichender Reproduzierbarkeit durchgeführt werden; es ist ferner erforderlich, daß das Aluminoxan in hohem Verhältnis zur Übergangsmetallverbindung verwendet wird, um ausreichende Katalysatoraktivität zu erreichen, obwohl die Ausgangssubstanz von Aluminoxan, z.B. Trimethylaluminium, teuer ist.
- Um die Nachteile zu kompensieren, wurden ionische Metallocenkatalysatoren vorgeschlagen. JP-A-3-207704 offenbart eine ionische Metallocenverbindung, hergestellt durch Umsetzung einer Metallocenverbindung mit einer ionisierenden ionischen Verbindung. WO92/01723 offenbart ein α-Olefinpolymerisationsverfahren unter Verwendung eines Katalysatorsystems, hergestellt durch Umsetzung einer halogenierten Metallocenverbindung mit einer organometallischen Verbindung und ferner Inkontaktbringen des Produkts mit einer ionisierenden ionischen Verbindung, wobei das Katalysatorsystem ausreichende Katalysatoraktivität aufweist.
- EP-A-513 380 beschreibt einen Katalysator, umfassend eine Übergangsmetallverbindung, eine zur Bildung eines ionischen Komplexes bei Umsetzung mit einer Übergangsmetallverbindung fähige Verbindung und eine Organoaluminiumverbindung. Die Zugabe einer Lewis-Basenverbindung, wie bei dieser Erfindung beschrieben, ist im Stand der Technik nicht offenbart.
- Das Katalysatorsystem unter Verwendung einer ionisierenden ionischen Verbindung, das hohe anfängliche Aktivität aufweist, verliert nachteiligerweise seine Aktivität im Laufe der Polymerisation.
- Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen Katalysator zur Polymerisation von Olefinen bereitzustellen, der verbesserte Produktivität von Polymeren zeigt. Diese Aufgabe konnte auf der Basis der Feststellung gelöst werden, daß ein Katalysator, hergestellt durch Umsetzung eines ionischen Metallocenkatalysators mit einer Lewis-Basenverbindung, eine stabile katalytische Spezies aufweist und verbesserte Produktivität von Polymeren ohne Verschlechterung der katalytischen Aktivitat zeigt.
- Die vorliegende Erfindung stellt einen Katalysator zur Polymerisation von Olefinen bereit, umfassend a) eine Metallocenverbindung, b) eine ionisierende ionische Verbindung, c) eine Organoaluminiumverbindung und d) eine Lewis-Basenverbindung, wobei:
- a) die Metallocenverbindung durch die allgemeinen Formeln (1) oder (2) wiedergegeben wird:
- in denen Cp¹, Cp², Cp und Cp&sup4; unabhängig eine substituierte oder unsubstituierte Cydopentadienyl-, Indenyl- oder Fluorenylgruppe sind, R¹ ein substituierter oder unsubstituierter Alkylen-, Dialkylsilandiyl-, Dialkylgermandiyl-, Alkylphosphindiyl- oder Alkyliminorest ist, und R¹ Cp¹ mit Cp² durch eine Brücke verbindet; M ein Titanatom, ein Zirkoniumatom oder ein Hafniumatom ist; und R², R³, R&sup4; und R&sup5; unabhängig ein Wasserstoffatom, ein Halogenatom, ein Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 1 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen, ein Alkoxyrest mit 1 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen oder ein Aryloxyrest sind;
- b) die ionisierende ionische Verbindung eine Verbindung ist, die dazu fähig ist, die vorstehende Metallocenverbindung (a) in eine kationische Metallocenverbindung umzuwandeln, und die nicht weiter mit der gebildeten kationischen Metallocenverbindung reagiert;
- c) die Organoaluminiumverbindung durch die allgemeine Formel (3) wiedergegeben wird:
- in der R&sup6;, R6' und R6" unabhängig ein Wasserstoffatom, ein Halogenatom, eine Aminogruppe, ein Alkylrest, ein Alkoxyrest oder ein Arylrest sind und mindestens einer der Reste R&sup6; R6' und R6" ein Alkylrest ist; d) die Lewis-Basenverbindung dazu fähig ist, ein Elektron an die gebildete kationische Metallocenverbindung abzugeben.
- Die vorliegende Erfindung stellt auch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines α-Olefinpolymers durch Polymerisation eines α-Olefins in Gegenwart des vorstehenden Katalysators bereit.
- Die bei der vorliegenden Erfindung verwendete Metallocenverbindung (a) wird durch die allgemeine Formel (1) oder (2) wiedergegeben. Bestimmte Beispiele davon schließen ein:
- Bis(cyclopentadienyl)titandichlorid,
- Bis(cyclopentadienyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Bis(cyclopentadienyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Bis(methylcyclopentadienyl)titandichlorid,
- Bis(methylcyclopentadienyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Bis(methylcyclopentadienyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Bis(butylcyclopentadienyl)titandichlorid,
- Bis(butylcyclopentadienyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Bis(butylcyclopentadienyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Ethylenbis(indenyl)titandichlorid,
- Ethylenbis(indenyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Ethylenbis(indenyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Dimethylsilandiylbis(2,4,5-trimethylcyclopentadienyl)titandichlorid,
- Dimethylsilandiylbis(2,4,5-trimethylcyclopentadienyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Dimethylsilandiylbis(2,4,5-trimethylcyclopentadienyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Dimethylsilandiylbis(2,4-dimethylcylopentadienyl)titandichlorid,
- Dimethylsilandiylbis(2,4-dimethylcyclopentadienyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Dimethylsilandiylbis(2,4-dimethylcyclopentadienyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Dimethylsilandiylbis(3-methylcyclopentadienyl)titandichlorid,
- Dimethylsilandiylbis(3-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Dimethylsilandiylbis(3-methylcyclopentadienyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Dimethylsilandiylbis(4-tert-butyl-2-methylcyclopentadienyl)titandichlorid
- Dimethylsilandiylbis(4-tert-butyl-2-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Dimethylsilandiylbis(4-tert-butyl-2-methylcyclopentadienyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Diethylsilandiylbis(2,4,5-trimethylcylcopentadienyl)titandichlorid,
- Diethylsilandiylbis(2,4,5-trimethylcyclopentadienyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Diethylsilandiylbis(2,4,5-trimethylcyclopentadienyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Diethylsilandiylbis(2,4-dimethylcyclopentadienyl)titandichlorid,
- Diethylsilandiylbis(2,4-dimethylcyclopentadienyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Diethylsilandiylbis(2,4-dimethylcyclopentadienyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Diethylsilandiylbis(3-methylcyclopentadienyl)titandichlorid,
- Diethylsilandiylbis(3-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Diethylsilandiylbis(3-methylcyclopentadienyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Diethylsilandiylbis(4-tert-butyl-2-methylcyclopentadienyl)titandichlorid
- Diethylsilandiylbis(4-tert-butyl-2-methylcyclopentadienyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Diethylsilandiylbis(4-tert-butyl-2-methylcyclopentadienyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Isopropyliden(cyclopentadienyl)(fluorenyl)titandichlorid,
- Isopropyliden(cyclopentadienyl)(fluorenyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Isopropyliden(cylopentadienyl)(fluorenyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Diphenylmethylen(cyclopentadienyl)(fluorenyl)titandichlorid,
- Diphenylmethylen(cyclopentadienyl)(fluorenyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Diphenylmethylen(cyclopentadienyl)(fluorenyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Methylphenylmethylen(cyclopentadienyl)(fluorenyl)titandichlorid,
- Methylphenylmethylen(cyclopentadienyl)(fluorenyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Methylphenylmethylen(cyclopentadienyl)(fluorenyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Isopropyliden(cyclopentadienyl)(27-di-tert-butylfluorenyl)titandichlorid,
- Isopropyliden(cyclopentadienyl)(2,7-di-tert-butylfluorenyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Isopropyliden(cyclopentadienyl)(2,7-di-tert-butylfluorenyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Diphenylmethylen(cyclopentadienyl)(2,7-di-tert-butylfluorenyl)titandichlorid,
- Diphenylmethylen(cyclopentadienyl)(2,7-di-tert-butylfluorenyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Diphenylmethylen(cyclopentadienyl)(2,7-di-tert-butylfluorenyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Methylphenylmethylen(cyclopentadienyl)(2,7-di-tert-butylfluorenyl)titandichlorid,
- Methylphenylmethylen(cyclopentadienyl)(2,7-di-tert-butylfluorenyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Methylphenylmethylen(cyclopentadienyl)(2,7-di-tert-butylfluorenyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Isopropylidenbis(cyclopentadienyl)titandichlorid,
- Isopropylidenbis(cyclopentadienyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Isopropylidenbis(cyclopentadienyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Diphenylmethylenbis(cyclopentadienyl)titandichlorid,
- Diphenylmethylenbis(cyclopentadienyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Diphenylmethylenbis(cyclopentadienyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Methylphenylmethylenbis(cyclopentadienyl)titandichlorid,
- Methylphenylmethylenbis(cyclopentadienyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Methylphenylmethylenbis(cyclopentadienyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Isopropyliden(cyclopentadienyl)(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)titandichlorid,
- Isopropyliden(cyclopentadienyl)(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Isopropyliden(cyclopentadienyl)(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Diphenylmethylen(cyclopentadienyl)(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)titandichlorid,
- Diphenylmethylen(cyclopentadienyl)(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Diphenylmethylen(cyclopentadienyl)(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Isopropylidenbis(indenyl)titandichlorid,
- Isopropylidenbis(indenyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Isopropylidenbis(indenyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Diphenylmethylenbis(indenyl)titandichlorid,
- Diphenylmethylenbis(indenyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Diphenylmethylenbis(indenyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Methylphenylmethylenbis(indenyl)titandichlorid,
- Methylphenylmethylenbis(indenyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Methylphenylmethylenbis(indenyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Ethylenbis(tetrahydroindenyl)titandichlorid,
- Ethylenbis(tetrahydroindenyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Ethylenbis(tetrahydroindenyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Dimethylsilandiylbis(indenyl)titandichlorid,
- Dimethylsilandiylbis(indenyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Dimethylsilandiylbis(indenyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Dimethylsilandiylbis(2-methylindenyl)titandichlorid,
- Dimethylsilandiylbis(2-methylindenyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Dimethylsilandiylis(2-methylindenyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Bis(indenyl)titandichlorid,
- Bis(indenyl)zirkoniumdichlorid,
- Bis(indenyl)hafniumdichlorid,
- Bis(cyclopentadienyl)titandichlorid,
- Bis(cyclopentadienyl)zirkoniumdichlorid und
- Bis(cyclopentadienyl)hafniumdichlorid.
- Die Metallocenverbindungen sind nicht darauf beschränkt.
- Die ionisierende ionische Verbindung (b) wird durch folgende Beispiele veranschaulicht:
- Tri(n-butyl)ammoniumtetrakis(p-tolyl)borat,
- Tri(n-butyl)ammoniumtetrakis(m-tolyl)borat,
- Tri(n-butyl)ammoniumtetrakis(2,4-dimethyl)borat,
- Tri(n-butyl)ammoniumtetrakis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)borat,
- Tri(n-butyl)ammoniumtetrakis(pentafluorphenyl)borat,
- N,N-Dimethylaniliniumtetrakis(p-tolyl)borat,
- N,N-Dimethylaniliniumtetrakis(m-tolyl)borat,
- N,N-Dimethylaniliniumtetrakis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)borat,
- N,N-Dimethylaniliniumtetrakis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)borat,
- N,N-Dimethylaniliniumtetrakis(pentafluorphenyl)borat,
- Triphenylcarbeniumtetrakis(p-tolyl)borat,
- Triphenylcarbeniumtetrakis(m-tolyl)borat,
- Triphenylcarbeniumtetrakis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)borat,
- Triphenylcarbeniumtetrakis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)borat,
- Triphenylcarbeniumtetrakis(pentafluorphenyl)borat,
- Tropyliumtetrakis(p-tolyl)borat,
- Tropyliumtetrakis(m-tolyl)borat,
- Tropyliumtetrakis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)borat,
- Tropyliumtetrakis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)borat,
- Tropyliumtetrakis(pentafluorphenyl)borat,
- Lithiumtetrakis(pentafluorphenyl)borat,
- Lithiumtetrakis(phenyl)borat,
- Lithiumtetrakis(p-tolyl)borat,
- Lithiumtetrakis(m-tolyl)borat,
- Lithiumtetrakis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)borat,
- Lithiumtetrakis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)borat,
- Lithiumtetrafluoroborat,
- Natriumtetrakis(pentafluorphenyl)borat,
- Natriumtetrakis(phenyl)borat,
- Natriumtetrakis(p-tolyl)borat,
- Natriumtetrakis(m-tolyl)borat,
- Natriumtetrakis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)borat,
- Natriumtetrakis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)borat,
- Natriumtetrafluoroborat,
- Kaliumtetrakis(pentafluorphenyl)borat,
- Kaliumtetrakis(phenyl)borat,
- Kaliumtetrakis(p-tolyl)borat,
- Kaliumtetrakis(m-tolyl)borat,
- Kaliumtetrakis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)borat,
- Kaliumtetrakis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)borat,
- Kaliumtetrafluoroborat,
- Tri(n-butyl)ammoniumtetrakis(p-tolyl)aluminat,
- Tri(n-butyl)ammoniumtetrakis(m-tolyl)aluminat,
- Tri(n-butyl)ammoniumtetrakis(2,4-düiiethyl)aluminat,
- Tri(n-butyl)ammoniumtetrakis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)aluminat,
- Tri(n-butyl)ammoniumtetrakis(pentafluorphenyl)aluminat,
- N,N-Dimethylaniliniumtetrakis(p-tolyl)aluminat,
- N,N-Dimethylaniliniumtetrakis(m-tolyl)aluminat,
- N,N-Dimethylaniliniumtetrakis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)aluminat,
- N,N-Dimethylaniliniumtetrakis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)aluminat,
- N,N-Dimethylaniliniumtetrakis(pentafluorphenyl)aluminat,
- Triphenylcarbeniumtetrakis(p-tolyl)aluminat,
- Triphenylcarbeniumtetrakis(m-tolyl)aluminat,
- Triphenylcarbeniumtetrakis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)aluminat,
- Triphenylcarbeniumtetrakis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)aluminat,
- Triphenylcarbeniumtetrakis(pentafluorphenyl)aluminat,
- Tropyliumtetrakis(p-tolyl)aluminat,
- Tropyliumtetrakis(m-tolyl)aluminat,
- Tropyliumtetrakis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)aluminat,
- Tropyliumtetrakis(3,5-dünethylphenyl)aluminat,
- Tropyliumtetrakis(pentafluorphenyl)aluminat,
- Lithiumtetrakis(pentafluorphenyl)aluminat,
- Lithiumtetrakis(phenyl)aluminat,
- Lithiumtetrakis(p-tolyl)aluminat,
- Lithiumtetrakis(m-tolyl)aluminat,
- Lithiumtetrakis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)aluminat,
- Lithiumtetrakis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)aluminat,
- Lithiumtetrafluoraluminat,
- Natriumtetrakis(pentafluorphenyl)aluminat,
- Natriumtetrakis(phenyl)aluminat,
- Natriumtetrakis(p-tolyl)aluminat,
- Natriumtetrakis(m-tolyl)aluminat,
- Natriumtetrakis(2,4-diniethylphenyl)aluminat,
- Natriumtetrakis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)aluminat,
- Natriumtetrafluoraluminat,
- Kaliumtetrakis(pentafluorphenyl)aluminat,
- Kaliumtetrakis(phenyl)aluminat,
- Kaliumtetrakis(p-tolyl)aluminat,
- Kaliumtetrakis(m-tolyl)aluminat,
- Kaliumtetrakis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)aluminat,
- Kaliumtetrakis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)aluminat und
- Kaliumtetrafluoraluminat.
- Jedoch ist die ionisierende ionische Verbindung bei der vorliegenden Erfindung nicht darauf beschränkt.
- Die bei der vorliegenden Erfindung verwendete organische Aluminiumverbindung (c) ist eine Verbindung der allgemeinen Formel (3) und wird insbesondere durch Trimethylaluminium, Triethylaluminium, Triisopropylaluminium, Diisopropylaluminiumchlorid, Isopropylaluminiumdichlorid, Tributylaluminium, Triisobutylaluminium, Diisobutylaluminiumchlorid, Isobutylaluminlumdichlorid, Tri(tert-butyl)aluminium, Di(tert-butyl)aluminiumchlorid, tert-Butylaluminiumdichlorid, Triamylaluminium, Diamylaluminiumchlorid und Amylaluminiumdichlorid veranschaulicht. Die Verbindung ist nicht darauf beschränkt.
- Die bei der vorliegenden Erfindung verwendete Lewis-Basenverbindung (d) ist eine Verbindung, die dazu fähig ist, ein Elektron an die gebildete kationische Metallocenverbindung abzugeben, und wird insbesondere durch Ester, wie Ameisensäuremethylester, Ameisensäureethylester, Ameisensäurebutylester, Ameisensäureisobutylester, Ameisensäurepentylester, Essigsäuremethylester, Essigsäureethylester, Essigsäurepropylester, Essigsäureisopropylester, Essigsäurebutylester, Essigsäureisobutylester, Essigsäurepentylester, Essigsäureisopentylester, Essigsäurehexylester, Essigsäurecyclohexylester, Essigsäurebenzylester, Essigsäure-3-methoxybutylester, Essigsäure-2-ethylbutylester, Essigsäure-3-ethylhexylester, Essigsäure-3-methoxybutylester, Propionsäuremethylester, Propionsäureethylester, Propionsäurebutylester, Propionsäureisopentylester, Buttersäuremethylester, Buttersäureethylester, Buttersäurebutylester, Buttersäureisopentylester, Isobuttersäureisobutylester, Isovaleriansäureethylester, Isovaleriansäureisobutylester, Stearinsäurebutylester, Stearinsäurepentylester, Benzoesäuremethylester, Benzoesäureethylester, Benzoesäurepropylester, Benzoesäurebutylester, Benzoesäureisopentylester, Benzoesäurebenzylester, Zimtsäureethylester, Oxalsäurediethylester, Oxalsäuredibutylester, Oxalsäuredipentylester, Malonsäurediethylester, Maleinsäuredimethylester, Maleinsäurediethylester, Maleinsäuredibutylester, Phthalsäuredimethylester, Phthalsäurediethylester, Phthalsäuredibutylester, Phthalsäurediisobutylester und Triacetin; Amine, wie Methylamin, Dimethylamin, Trimethylamin, Ethylamin, Diethylamin, Triethylamin, Propylamin, Diisopropylamin, Butylamin, Isobutylamin, Dibutylamin, Tributylamin, Pentylamin, Dipentylamin, Tripentylamin, 2-Ethylhexylamin, Allylamin, Anilin, N-Methylanilin, N,N-Dimethylanilin, N,N-Diethylanilin, Toluidin, Cyclohexylamin, Dicyclohexylamin, Pyrrol, Piperidin, Pyridin, Picolin, 2,4-Lutidin, 2,6-Lutidin, 2,6-Di(tert-butyl)pyridin, Chinolin und Isochinolin; Ether, wie Diethylether, Dipropylether, Diisopropylether, Dibutylether, Dihexylether, Anisol, Phenetol, Butylphenylether, Methoxytoluol, Benzylethylether, Diphenylether, Dibenzylether, Veratrol, 2- Epoxypropan, Dioxan, Trioxan, Furan, 2,5-Dimethylfuran, Tetrahydrofuran, Tetrahydropyran, 1,2-Diethoxyethan, 1,2-Dibutoxyethan und Kronenether; Ketone, wie Aceton, Methylethylketon, Methylpropylketon, Diethylketon, Butylmethylketon, Methylisobutylketon, Methylpentylketon, Dipropylketon, Diisobutylketon, Cyclohexanon, Methylcyclohexanon und Acetophenon;
- Thioether, wie Dimethylsulfid, Diethylsulfid, Thiophen und Tetrahydrothiophen; Silylether, wie Tetramethoxysilan, Tetraethoxysilan, Tetra(n-propoxy)silan, Tetra(isopropoxy)silan, Tetra(n-butoxy)silan, Tetra(isopentoxy)silan, Tetra(n-hexoxy)silan, Tetraphenoxysilan, Tetrakis(2-ethylhexoxy)silan, Tetrakis(2-ethylbutoxy)silan, Tetrakis(2- methoxyethoxy)silan, Methyltrimethoxysilan, Ethyltrimethoxysilan, n-Propyltrimethoxysilan, Isopropyltrimethoxysilan, n-Butyltrimethoxysilan, Isobutyltrimethoxysilan, sec- Butyltrimethoxysilan, tert-Butyltrimethoxysilan, Phenyltrimethoxysilan, Vinyltrimethoxysilan, Norbornyltrimethoxysilan, Cyclohexyltrimethoxysilan, Chlormethyltrimethoxysilan, 3-Chlorpropyltrimethoxysilan, Chlortrimethoxysilan, Triethoxysilan, Methyltriethoxysilan, Ethyltriethoxysilan, n-Propyltriethoxysilan, n-Butyltriethoxysilan, Phenyltriethoxysilan, Vinyltriethoxysilan, 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilan, Ethyltri(isopropoxy)silan, Isopentyl(n-butoxy)silan, Methyl(tri-n-hexoxy)silan, Methyldimethoxysilan, Dimethyldimethoxysilan, n-Propylmethyldimethoxysilan, n-Propylethyldimethoxysilan, Di(n-propyl)dimethoxysilan, Isopropylmethyldimethoxysilan, Di(isopropyl)dimethoxysilan, n-Propylisopropyldimethoxysilan, n-Butylmethyldimethoxysilan, n-Butylethyldimethoxysilan, n-Butyl-n-propyldimethoxysilan, n-Butylisopropyldimethoxysilan, Di(n- butyl)dimethoxysilan, Isobutylmethyldimethoxysilan, Diisobutyldimethoxysilan, sec-Butylethyldimethoxysilan, Di(sec-butyl)dimethoxysilan, tert-Butylmethyldimethoxysilan, tert-Butyl-n-propyldimethoxysilan, Di(tert-butyl)dimethoxysilan, tert-Butyl-n-hexyldimethoxysilan, Diisoamyldimethoxysilan, n-Hexyl-n-propyldimethoxysilan, n-Decylmethyldimethoxysilan, Norbornylmethyldimethoxysilan, Cyclohexylmethyldimethoxysilan, Methylphenyldimethoxysilan, Diphenyldimethoxysilan, Dicyclopentyldimethoxysilan, Dimethyldiethoxysilan, Diethyldiethoxysilan, Di(isopropyl)diethoxysilan, sec-Butylmetilyldiethoxysilan, tert-Butylmethyldiethoxysilan, Dimethyl(n-butoxy)silan, Trimethylmethoxysilan, Trimethylethoxysilan, Trimethylisopropoxysilan, Trimethyl-n-propoxysilan, Trimethyl-tert-butoxysilan, Trimethylisobutoxysilan, Trimethyl-n-butoxysilan, Trimethyl-n-pentoxysilan und Trimethylphenoxysilan;
- Phosphine, wie Methylphosphin, Ethylphosphin, Phenylphosphin, Benzylphosphin, Dimethylphosphin, Diethylphosphin, Diphenylphosphin, Methylphenylphosphin, Trimethylphosphin, Triethylphosphin, Triphenylphosphin, Tri(n-butyl)phosphin, Ethylbenzylphenylphosphin, Ethylbenzylbutylphosphin, Trimethoxyphosphin und Diethylethoxyphosphin;
- Phosphinoxide, wie Triphenylphosphinoxid, Dimethylethoxyphosphinoxid und Triethoxyphosphinoxid;
- Nitrile, wie Acrylnitril, Cyclohexandinitril und Benzonitril;
- Nitroverbindungen, wie Nitrobenzol, Nitrotoluol und Dinitrobenzol;
- Acetale, wie Acetondimethylacetal, Acetophenondimethylacetal, Benzophenondimethylacetal und Cyclohexanondimethylacetal;
- Kohlensäureester, wie Kohlensäurediethylester, Kohlensäurediphenylester und Kohlensäureethylenester;
- Thioacetale, wie 1-Ethoxy-1-(methylthio)cyclopentan, und Thioketone, wie Cyclohexanthion, veranschaulicht.
- Die Lewis-Basenverbindung ist nicht darauf beschränkt.
- Das α-Olefin schließt bei der vorliegenden Erfindung insbesondere Ethylen, Propylen, 1-Buten, 4-Methyl-1-penten, 1-Hexen, 1-Octen und Styrol ein, ist aber nicht darauf beschränkt, und zwei oder mehrere davon können in einem Gemisch verwendet werden.
- Der Katalysator kann bei der vorliegenden Erfindung durch Mischen der vorstehend erwähnten Bestandteile einer Metallocenverbindung (a), einer ionisierenden ionischen Verbindung (b), einer Organoaluminiumverbindung (c) und einer Lewis-Basenverbindung (d) zum Beispiel in einem inerten Lösungsmittel hergestellt werden. Das Verfahren der Katalysatorherstellung ist nicht darauf beschränkt.
- Die ionisierende ionische Verbindung (b) wird bei der vorliegenden Erfindung in einer Menge von vorzugsweise nicht weniger als einem mol pro mol der Metallocenverbindung (a) verwendet, um die gewünschte Katalysatoraktivität zu erhalten. Obwohl die Obergrenze nicht festgelegt ist, beträgt die Menge der zu verwendenden ionisierenden ionischen Verbindung vorzugsweise nicht mehr als 100 mol pro mol der Metallocenverbindung in Anbetracht des Aschegehalts des hergestellten Polymers oder nicht mehr als 30 mol pro mol der Metallocenverbindung in Anbetracht der Kosten.
- Die organische Aluminiumverbindung (c) wird in einer Menge von vorzugsweise nicht weniger als 10 mol pro mol der Metallocenverbindung (a) in bezug auf Alumimum, um gewünschte Katalysatoraktivität zu erhalten, und nicht mehr als 100000 mol verwendet, um eine Kettenübertragung zu unterdrücken, die eine Verminderung des Molekulargewichts bewirkt, und nicht den Aschegehalt zu erhöhen, obwohl die Menge nicht darauf beschränkt ist.
- Die Lewis-Basenverbindung (d) wird in einer Menge von vorzugsweise nicht weniger als 0.1 mol pro mol der Metallocenverbindung (a), um die aktive Spezies zu stabilisieren und einen Verlust der Katalysatoraktivität zu verhindern und die Polymerproduktivität zu erhöhen, und vorzugsweise nicht mehr als 1000 mol verwendet, um die Polymerisationsreaktion nicht zu verzögern.
- Das Verfahren für die Polymerisation ist nicht besonders beschränkt und schließt Aufschlämmungsverfahren, Gasphasenverfahren, Masseverfahren, Lösungsverfahren und Hochtemperatur-Hochdruck-Verfahren ein. Die Temperatur der Polymerisation ist nicht besonders beschränkt, ist aber vorzugsweise nicht geringer als 0ºC, um hohe Produktivität zu erhalten, und nicht höher als 300ºC, um die Kettenübertragung zu unterdrücken, die eine Verminderung des Molekulargewichts bewirkt, und die Katalysatorwirksamkeit aufrechtzuerhalten. Der Druck der Polymerisation ist nicht besonders beschränkt, ist aber vorzugsweise Atmosphärendruck oder höher, um hohe Produktivität zu erhalten.
- Die vorliegende Erfindung wird im einzelnen in bezug auf die Beispiele, aber ohne die Erfindung darauf einzuschränken, beschrieben.
- Die Verfahren der Polymerisation, Reaktion und Lösungsmittelreinigung wurden in einer inerten Atmosphäre durchgeführt. Das bei der Reaktion verwendete Lösungsmittel wurde mit üblichen Verfahren gereinigt, getrocknet und/oder der Sauerstoff entfernt. Die bei den Umsetzungen verwendeten Verbindungen wurden mit üblichen Verfahren synthetisiert und identifiziert.
- In einem 1 l-Reaktor wurden 600 ml eines aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffs (IP Solvent 1620, hergestellt von Idemitsu Petrochemical Co.) gegeben. Die Temperatur des Reaktors wurde auf 150ºC gehalten. Ethylen wurde bis zu einem Druck von 20 kg/cm² in den Reaktor gegeben. Getrennt wurde eine Lösung von 0.25 µmol Diphenylmethylen(cyclopentadienyl)(fluorenyl)zirkoniumdichlorid in Toluol in einen anderen Behälter gegeben und dazu eine Lösung von Triisobutylaluminium in Toluol (Triisobutylaluminium: 20 Gew.-%) in einer Menge von 62.5 µmol in bezug auf Aluminium gegeben. Das Gemisch wurde eine Stunde gerührt. Dann wurde das Gemisch zu einer Lösung von 0.5 µmol N,N-Dimethylaniliniumtetrakis(pentafluorphenyl)borat in Toluol gegeben und das Gemisch 10 Minuten gerührt. Zu diesem Gemisch wurde eine Lösung von 2.5 µmol Phthalsäurediisobutylester in Toluol gegeben und das Gemisch 10 Minuten gerührt. Das entstandene Gemisch wurde durch Stickstoffdruck in den vorstehend erwähnten Reaktor eingebracht. Der Reaktor wurde unter Rühren mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 1500 Upm eine Stunde auf 150ºC gehalten. Das entstandene Reaktionsprodukt wurde 6 Stunden bei 100ºC unter Vakuum getrocknet, wobei ein Ethylenpolymer erhalten wurde. Das Ergebnis ist in Tabelle 1 aufgeführt.
- Ein Ethylenpolymer wurde wie bei Beispiel 1 erhalten, außer daß 12.5 µmol Diphenyldimethoxysilan statt 2.5 µmol Phthalsäurediisobutylester verwendet wurden. Das Ergebnis ist in Tabelle 1 aufgeführt.
- Ein Ethylenpolymer wurde wie bei Beispiel 1 erhalten, außer daß 2.5 µmol Phthalsäurediisobutylester nicht verwendet wurden. Das Ergebnis ist in Tabelle 1 aufgeführt.
- In einen 1 l-Reaktor wurden 600 ml eines aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffs (IP Solvent 1620, hergestellt von Idemitsu Petrochemical Co.) eingebracht. Die Temperatur des Reaktors wurde auf 150ºC gehalten. Ethylen wurde in den Reaktor bis zu einem Druck von 20 kg/cm² gegeben. Getrennt wurde eine Lösung von 1.0 µmol Ethylen bis(indenyl)zirkoniumdichlorid in Toluol in einen anderen Behälter gegeben und dazu eine Lösung von Triisobutylaluminium (Triisobutylaluminium: 20 Gew.-%) in einer Menge von 250 µmol in bezug auf Aluminium gegeben. Das Gemisch wurde eine Stunde gerührt. Dann wurde das Gemisch zu einer Lösung von 2 µmol N,N-Dimethylaniliniumtetrakis(pentafluorphenyl)borat in Toluol gegeben und das Gemisch 10 Minuten gerührt. Zu diesem Gemisch wurde eine Lösung von 50 µmol Phthalsäurediisobutylester in Toluol gegeben und das Gemisch 10 Minuten gerührt. Das entstandene Gemisch wurde durch Stickstoffdruck in den vorstehend erwähnten Reaktor eingebracht. Der Reaktor wurde unter Rühren mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 1500 Upm eine Stunde auf 150ºC gehalten. Das entstandene Reaktionsprodukt wurde 6 Stunden unter Vakuum bei 100ºC getrocknet, wobei ein Ethylenpolymer erhalten wurde. Das Ergebnis ist in Tabelle 1 aufgeführt.
- Ein Ethylenpolymer wurde wie bei Beispiel 3 erhalten, außer daß 10 µmol Diphenyldimethoxysilan statt 50 µmol Phthalsäurediisobutylester verwendet wurden. Das Ergebnis ist in Tabelle 1 aufgeführt.
- Ein Ethylenpolymer wurde wie bei Beispiel 3 erhalten, außer daß 50 µmol Diphenyldimethoxysilan statt 50 µmol Phthalsäurediisobutylester verwendet wurden. Das Ergebnis ist in Tabelle 1 aufgeführt.
- Ein Ethylenpolymer wurde wie bei Beispiel 3 erhalten, außer daß 250 µmol Diphenyldimethoxysilan statt 50 µmol Phthalsäurediisobutylester verwendet wurden. Das Ergebnis ist in Tabelle 1 aufgeführt.
- Ein Ethylenpolymer wurde wie bei Beispiel 3 erhalten, außer daß 50 µmol Phthalsäurediisobutylester nicht verwendet wurden. Das Ergebnis ist in Tabelle 1 aufgeführt.
- Der erfindungsgemäße ionische Metallocenkatalysator, wie vorstehend beschrieben, zeigt ausgezeichnete katalytische Aktivität bei der Polymerisation eines α-Olefins und ermöglicht die Herstellung eines α-Olefinpolymers mit hohem Wirkungsgrad. Tabelle 1
- DIBP: Phthalsäurediisobutylester
- DPDMS: Diphenyldimethoxysilan
Claims (2)
1. Katalysator zur Polymerisation von Olefinen, umfassend a) eine
Metallocenverbindung, b) eine ionisierende ionische Verbindung, c) eine
Organoaluminiumverbindung und d) eine Lewis-Basenverbindung, wobei:
a) die Metallocenverbindung durch die allgemeinen Formeln (1) oder (2)
wiedergegeben wird:
in denen Cp¹, Cp², Cp und Cp unabhängig eine substituierte oder
unsubstituierte Cyclopentadienyl-, Indenyl- oder Fluorenylgruppe sind, R¹
ein substituierter oder unsubstituierter Alkylen-, Dialkylsilandiyl-,
Dialkylgermandiyl-, Alkylphosphindiyl- oder Alkyliminorest ist, und R¹ Cp¹
mit Cp² durch eine Brücke verbindet; M ein Titanatom, ein
Zirkoniumatom oder ein Hafniumatom ist; und R², R³, R&sup4; und R&sup5; unabhängig ein
Wasserstoffatom, ein Halogenatom, ein Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 1 bis
12 Kohlenstoffatomen, ein Alkoxyrest oder ein Aryloxyrest sind;
b) die ionisierende ionische Verbindung eine Verbindung ist, die dazu fähig
ist, die vorstehende Metallocenverbindung (a) in eine kationische
Metallocenverbindung umzuwandeln, und die nicht weiter mit der gebildeten
kationischen Metallocenverbindung reagiert;
c) die Organoaluminiumverbindung durch die allgemeine Formel (3)
wiedergegeben wird:
in der R&sup6;, R6', R6" unabhängig ein Wasserstoffatom, ein
Halogenatom, eine Aminogruppe, ein Alkylrest, ein Alkoxyrest oder ein Arylrest
sind und mindestens einer der Reste R&sup6;, R6' und R6" ein Alkylrest ist;
d) die Lewis-Basenverbindung dazu fähig ist, ein Elektron an die gebildete
kationische Metallocenverbindung abzugeben.
2. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines α-Olefinpolymers durch Polymerisation eines α-
Olefins in Gegenwart des Katalysators gemäß Anspruch 1.
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WO1992009640A1 (en) * | 1990-11-30 | 1992-06-11 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Process for producing olefinic polymer |
EP0490269B1 (de) * | 1990-12-10 | 1996-02-28 | Idemitsu Kosan Company Limited | Pfropfcopolymer und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
CA2077744C (en) * | 1991-09-30 | 2003-04-15 | Edwar Shoukri Shamshoum | Homogeneous-heterogeneous catalyst system for polyolefins |
KR100292158B1 (ko) * | 1992-08-04 | 2001-06-01 | 가지와라 야스시 | 올레핀중합용 촉매 및 올레핀의 중합방법 |
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US5576259A (en) | 1996-11-19 |
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