DE4116260A1 - Pulverfoermiges formentrennmittel fuer ein niederdruckgussverfahren - Google Patents
Pulverfoermiges formentrennmittel fuer ein niederdruckgussverfahrenInfo
- Publication number
- DE4116260A1 DE4116260A1 DE4116260A DE4116260A DE4116260A1 DE 4116260 A1 DE4116260 A1 DE 4116260A1 DE 4116260 A DE4116260 A DE 4116260A DE 4116260 A DE4116260 A DE 4116260A DE 4116260 A1 DE4116260 A1 DE 4116260A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- mold release
- release agent
- compounds
- agent according
- mold
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M111/04—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a macromolecular organic compound
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
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- C10M103/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
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- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/22—Carboxylic acids or their salts
- C10M105/24—Carboxylic acids or their salts having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom, cycloaliphatic carbon atom or hydrogen
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Formentrennmittel, welches bei einem Nieder
druckgußverfahren an die Innenfläche der Preßform gesprüht wird.
Niederdruckgußverfahren werden in grobem Maße zur Herstellung ver
schiedener Fahrzeugteile und elektrischer Teile angewandt, weil sich
mit diesen Verfahren Gußteile mit hoher Präzision kontinuierlich und in
groben Stückzahlen produzieren lassen. Bei diesen Niederdruckgußver
fahren wird ein Formentrennmittel verwendet, das einerseits den di
rekten Kontakt, das heißt ein Festfressen zwischen der Form und dem
schmelzflüssigen Metall verhindert und zum anderen das Herauslösen
des Gußteils aus der Form erleichtert.
Die für Niederdruckgußverfahren verwendeten Formentrennmittel lassen
sich in zwei Hauptgruppen unterteilen, nämlich in die Gruppe der
wasserlöslichen und die Gruppe der wasserunlöslichen Formentrennmit
tel. Dabei sind letztere, was die Sicherheit anbelangt, problematisch,
weil die Gefahr der Rauchbildung und Entzündung relativ groß ist. Aus
diesem Grunde verwendet man häufig die wasserunlöslichen Formen
trennmittel, der Basisbestandteile Wasser, Mineralöl etc. sind und denen
zur Verwendung als oberflächenaktive Mittel oder Hochdruckmittel Sili
konöl, synthetisches oder natürliches Wachs, Fette und Öle, Fett
säureester etc. beigemengt wird.
Der Fortschritt, der in den letzten Jahren auf dem Gebiet der Nieder
druckgußverfahren erzielt wurde, ist verbunden mit einem Bedarf an
Formentrennmitteln erhöht, die dazu beitragen, bei besserer Verarbeit
barkeit Produkte mit hoher Qualität herstellen zu können, was mit was
serlöslichen Formentrennmitteln aber nicht möglich ist, da gerade we
gen ihrer Wasserlöslichkelt die Temperatursteuerung schwierig und die
Gefahr groß ist, daß durch Restwasser im Inneren der Produkte Defekte
entstehen. Hinzu kommt, daß zur Vermeidung von Wasserverschmutzung
das Abwasser in teueren Anlagen gereinigt und behandelt werden muß.
Damit liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Formentrennmittel
für Niederdruckgußverfahren zur Verfügung zu stellen, das bei besse
rer Bearbeitbarkeit die umweltfreundliche Herstellung von Gußproduk
ten hoher Qualität erlaubt und dabei das Festfressen zwischen Metall
und Gußform sowie das Entstehen von Defekten im Inneren des Pro
dukts zuverlässig verhindert, das Herauslösen des Produkts aus der
Form erleichtert sowie während des Formverfahrens eine Gasbildung
und nach dem Formverfahren eine Wasserverschmutzung verhindert.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Gegenstand nach dem Oberbegriff von
Anspruch 1 erfindungsgemäß durch dessen kennzeichnende Merkmale
gelöst.
Dazu weist das erfindungsgemäße pulverförmige Formentrennmittel, das
bei Niederdruckgußverfahren an die Innenflächen der Form gesprüht
wird, ein Gemisch aus einem pulverförmigen oder granulierten Basismaterial
auf, das zusammengesetzt ist aus einer als Schmiermittel in fester
Form verwendeten anorganischen Verbindung und einer organischen
Verbindung, die dem Basismaterial eine haftende Eigenschaft verleiht,
wobei beide Verbindungen pulverisiert oder granuliert sind oder aber
das Basismaterial für das Formentrennmittel mit der organischen Ver
bindung beschichtet ist.
Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden
Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsformen.
Das bedeutendste Merkmal der Erfindung liegt in der pulverförmigen
oder gekörnten bzw. granulierten Beschaffenheit des Basismaterials für
das Formentrennmittel.
Am wirksamsten ist es, wenn der Anteil der organischen Verbindung in
Relation zur anorganischen Verbindung in einem Bereich von 0,1 bis 45
Gewichtsprozent liegt, da die Haftwirkung der anorganischen Verbin
dung an der Innenfläche der Metallform nicht ausreicht, wenn der An
teil kleiner ist als 0,1 Gewichtsprozent. Ist der Anteil dagegen größer
als 45 Gewichtsprozent, dann kommt es zu einer Schrumpfung und ver
bunden damit zu Schwierigkeiten beim Lösen des Formentrennmittels
von der Innenfläche der Metallform, das heißt zu einer verringerten Wir
kung des Formentrennmittels beim Loslösen der Form oder zu einer
Verschlechterung der Maßgenauigkeit des Produkts.
Was das Basismaterial für das erfindungsgemäße Formentrennmittel an
belangt, so gibt es keine Einschränkungen, vorausgesetzt, daß es aus
einer festen anorganischen Verbindung besteht, die als Schmiermittel
verwendet wird.
Dafür werden im allgemeinen Bornitrid, Mika, Metalloxide, Siliziumnitrid,
Schwefelverbindungen, Fluorid, Talk, Boronverbindungen und Phos
phorverbindungen bevorzugt verwendet. Es können aber auch die gängigen
Festschmierstoffe, die man bisher als Formentrennmittel ver
wendet hat, wie zum Beispiel Molybdänsulfid, Graphit etc. verwendet
werden. Diese anorganischen Verbindungen haben pulverige oder ge
körnte Form, und es wird entweder nur eine Art oder aber mehrere
Arten derselben in kombinierter Form verwendet.
Es gibt auch keine Einschränkungen hinsichtlich der in vorliegender
Erfindung verwendeten organischen Verbindungen, vorausgesetzt, daß
ihre charakteristischen Merkmale so sind, daß sie den vorgenannten
organischen Verbindungen eine haftende oder klebende Eigenschaft
verleihen. Im allgemeinen werden dafür Metallseife oder hochmolekulare
Verbindungen bevorzugt verwendet. Eine Karbonsäurekonstruktion in
Verbindung mit Natrium, Kalzium, Barium, Lithium, Kalium, Magnesium
oder Zink wird für die Metallseife und Polyäthylen, Polypropylen, Epoxidharz,
Silikonharz, Phenolharz, Acrylharz, Alkydharz oder Polystyrol
vorzugsweise für die hochmolekulare Verbindung verwendet. Diese or
ganischen Verbindungen werden mit dem Basismaterial des For
mentrennmittels entweder in pulverisierter oder granulierter Form oder
im erwärmten, geschmolzenen Zustand vermischt. Folglich wird bei dem
erfindungsgemäßen Formentrennmittel sowohl dessen Basismaterial als
auch die organische Verbindung in pulverisierte oder granulierte Form
gebracht, oder aber das Basismaterial wird mit der organischen Verbin
dung beschichtet. Dabei wird entweder eine Art der vorgenannten or
ganischen Verbindungen verwendet, oder aber man verwendet mehrere
Arten davon in kombinierter Form. Es kann auch eine Kombination aus
Metallseife und der hochmolekularen Verbindung verwendet werden.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen pulverförmigen Formentrennmittel für Nie
derdruckgußverfahren hat das Basismaterial des Formentrennmittels zu
mindest pulverförmige oder granulierte Beschaffenheit, derart, daß das
Gußprodukt zumindest um den Partikeldurchmesser des Pulverteilchens
oder Körnchens des Trennmittels zuverlässig von der Innenfläche der
Metallform getrennt ist, und zwar in dem Bereich der Form, in dem das
Formentrennmittel an der Innenfläche der Gußform haftet. Das Formen
trennmittel haftet gleichmäßig an der gesamten Innenfläche der Metall
form, so daß sich ein Festfressen aufgrund eines direkten Kontakts des
Produkts mit der Innenfläche der Form zuverlässig verhindern läßt. Da
das erfindungsgemäße Formentrennmittel aus der organischen Verbin
dung und der anorganischen Verbindung besteht und kein Wasser ent
hält, entstehen auch keine ansonsten durch Restwasser verursachte
Defekte im Inneren des Produkts. Demzufolge läßt sich mit vorliegender
Erfindung auch die Qualität der Gußprodukte verbessern.
Hinzu kommt, daß durch die pulverförmige oder granulierte Beschaffen
heit des Basismaterials des erfindungsgemäßen Trennmittels und durch
die Tatsache, daß dieses kein Wasser enthält, die zwischen der Innenfläche
der Metallform und dem Produkt arbeitende Spannung gering ist,
weshalb sich das Herausnehmen des Produkts aus der Metallform relativ
leicht und problemlos gestaltet. Das Formentrennmittel selbst läßt sich
sehr einfach von der Innenfläche der Metallform und der Oberfläche
des Produkts entfernen.
Dadurch, daß das erfindungsgemäße Formentrennmittel zumindest pulverisierte
oder gekörnte bzw. granulierte Form aufweist, ist das Material
reaktionsarm und bildet selbst dann kaum Gas, wenn es während des
Niederdruckgußverfahrens unter Wärmeeinwirkung steht. Im Gegensatz
zu wasserlöslichen Formentrennmitteln wird durch das vorliegende Mit
tel das Wasser nach dem Formverfahren nicht verschmutzt, wodurch
Umweltfreundlichkeit gegeben ist und teuere Reinigungsmaßnahmen
nicht erforderlich sind.
Das eine aus einer organischen und anorganischen Verbindung zusam
mengesetzte Mischung als Basismaterial enthaltende Formentrennmittel
ist dergestalt, daß zumindest das Basismaterial pulverisierte oder gra
nulierte Beschaffenheit zeigt. Dadurch kann bei Gußteilen, die in einem
Niederdruckgußverfahren hergestellt werden, zum Beispiel Aluminium- und
Zinklegierungen etc., ein Festfressen zwischen Gußteil und Metall
form zuverlässig verhindert werden. Auch Defekte im Inneren des Pro
dukts werden verhindert, was sich in einer besseren Gußqualität und
in einer besseren Bearbeitbarkelt des Produkts in Niederdruckgußver
fahren äußert, und es kommt weder vor noch nach Durchführung des
Verfahrens zu einer Umweltverschmutzung. Speziell die Qualität der
Gußprodukte läßt sich dadurch verbessern, daß der Gehalt bzw. Anteil
der organischen Verbindung in Relation zur anorganischen Verbindung
zwischen 0,1 und 45 Gewichtsprozent beträgt.
Der vorgenannte Effekt läßt sich noch weiter verbessern, wenn Bornitrid,
Mika, Metalloxide, Siliziumnitrid, Schwefelverbindungen, Fluorid,
Talk, Boronverbindungen oder Phosphorverbindungen für die anorgani
sche Verbindung verwendet werden und wenn Metallseife, die die Kar
bonsäurekonstruktion in Verbindung mit Natrium, Kalzium, Barium, Lithium,
Kalium, Magnesium oder Zink aufweist, oder die hochmolekulare
Verbindung wie Polyäthylen, Polypropylen, Epoxidharz, Phenolharz,
Acrylatharz, Alkydharz oder Polystyrol für die organische Verbindung
verwendet werden. Und diejenigen Formentrennmittel, die für die ver
schiedensten Formverfahren am besten geeignet sind, lassen sich her
stellen aus jeweils zwei oder mehreren der vorgenannten organischen
und anorganischen Verbindungen in kombinierter Form.
Es wurden die nachfolgenden Formentrennmittel (A) bis (E) hergestellt
und bei Niederdruckgußverfahren testweise verwendet. Die Ergebnisse
aus diesem Vergleich sind in der nachfolgenden Tabelle enthalten.
Zwei Arten eines Gemisches, nämlich einerseits ein Gemisch aus einer
organischen Verbindung und einer anorganischen Verbindung im pulve
risierten oder granulierten Zustand und andererseits ein Gemisch aus
einer organischen Verbindung und einer anorganischen Verbindung im
erwärmten, geschmolzenen Zustand wurden für die Ausführungsformen
(A) bis (C) der vorliegenden Erfindung hergestellt.
Die beiden Gemischarten wurden getestet und erzielten jeweils die glei
chen Ergebnisse. Die für die Formentrennmittel (CD) bis (E) verwendeten
Verbindungen sind auf dem Markt erhältliche.
- A) Die erste Ausführungsform enthält eine Mischung aus 95 Teilen Bornitrid (durchschnittliche Teilchengröße 1 bis 5 Mikron) und 5 Teile Kalziumstearat.
- B) Die zweite Ausführungsform enthält eine Mischung aus 20 Teilen Bornitrid, 75 Teilen Mika und 5 Teilen Polyäthylen.
- C) Die dritte Ausführungsform enthält eine Mischung aus 50 Teilen Bornitrid, 45 Teilen Siliziumnitrid, 3 Teilen Bariumstearat und 2 Teilen Polypropylen.
- D) Nur Bornitrid (zum Vergleich mit der ersten Ausführungsform).
- E) Ein wasserlösliches Formentrennmittel, das als Hauptbestandteile Wachs und Silikonöl in einem Verhaltnis von 1:80 enthält (zum Vergleich mit der zweiten Ausführungsform).
Claims (6)
1. Pulverförmiges Formentrennmittel, welches bei einem Niederdruck
gußverfahren an die Innenfläche der Gußform gesprüht wird, dadurch
gekennzeichnet, daß das pulverförmige Formentrennmittel eine Mischung
aus einem pulverisierten oder granulierten Basismaterial enthält, wel
ches wiederum zusammengesetzt ist aus einer anorganischen Verbin
dung, die als Schmiermittel in fester Form verwendet wird, und aus ei
ner organischen Verbindung, die dem Basismaterial des Formentrenn
mittels eine haftende Eigenschaft verleiht, wobei beide Verbindungen
pulverisierte oder granulierte Form aufweisen oder das Basismaterial
mit der organischen Verbindung beschichtet ist.
2. Formentrennmittel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
dieses die organische Verbindung mit einem Anteil von 0,1 bis 45 Gewichtsprozent
in Relation zur anorganischen Verbindung enthält.
3. Formentrennmittel nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeich
net, daß die anorganische Verbindung einen oder mehrere aus den
Stoffen Bornitrid, Siliziumnitrid, Mika, Metalloxide, Schwefelverbindun
gen, Fluorid, Talk, Boronverbindungen und Phosphorverbindungen ent
hält.
4. Formentrennmittel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch ge
kennzeichnet, daß die organische Verbindung eine oder mehrere Arten
von Metallseife und/oder hochmolekularen Verbindungen enthält.
5. Formentrennmittel nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Metailselfe eine mit Natrium, Kalzium, Barium, Lithium, Kalium, Ma
gnesium oder Zink gebundene Karboxylsäuregruppe aufweist.
6. Formentrennmittel nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeich
net, daß die hochmolekulare Verbindung Polyäthylen, Polypropylen,
Epoxidharz, Silikonharz, Phenolharz, Acrylatharz, Alkydharz oder Poly
styrol aufweist.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP3067976A JPH0759346B2 (ja) | 1991-03-06 | 1991-03-06 | 低圧鋳造用粉末離型剤 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE4116260A1 true DE4116260A1 (de) | 1992-09-10 |
Family
ID=13360532
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE4116260A Ceased DE4116260A1 (de) | 1991-03-06 | 1991-05-17 | Pulverfoermiges formentrennmittel fuer ein niederdruckgussverfahren |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH0759346B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR940009799B1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2041503A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE4116260A1 (de) |
GB (1) | GB2253408A (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2000033457A (ja) | 1998-07-21 | 2000-02-02 | Denso Corp | 潤滑離型剤 |
CN101898227A (zh) * | 2010-07-28 | 2010-12-01 | 启东尤希路化学工业有限公司 | 环境友好型镁合金脱模剂 |
CN114540101B (zh) * | 2022-01-24 | 2023-03-14 | 华中光电技术研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七一七研究所) | 高精度树脂砂轮加工用脱模剂及其使用方法 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3917726A1 (de) * | 1989-01-13 | 1990-07-19 | Hanano Commercial Co Ltd | Formentrennmittel fuer druckgussverfahren |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB120255A (en) * | 1917-10-31 | 1918-10-31 | Thomas William Staine Hutchins | Improvements relating to the Manufacture of Carbon Blocks. |
GB318740A (en) * | 1928-08-27 | 1929-09-12 | Lajos Dorogi | Improvements in or relating to templates for the manufacture of articles from sheet rubber |
GB334857A (en) * | 1929-06-05 | 1930-09-05 | Kelly Graphite Mills Inc | Improvements in or relating to parting compounds for foundry moulds |
GB676408A (en) * | 1950-11-20 | 1952-07-23 | Buttress & Mcclellan Inc | Method of constructing concrete building elements |
US2937406A (en) * | 1959-03-20 | 1960-05-24 | Goodyear Tire & Rubber | Fluid pressure core |
GB1193645A (en) * | 1966-08-05 | 1970-06-03 | Francis Guy Sydenham English | Improvements in or relating to Wet-Table Coatings. |
US3615071A (en) * | 1969-04-16 | 1971-10-26 | Dow Corning | Flexible mold |
GB1362881A (en) * | 1971-06-22 | 1974-08-07 | Scott Bader Co | Gel coats for moulds |
DE2328337C3 (de) * | 1973-06-04 | 1978-01-19 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Verfahren zum herstellen von formkoerpern und ueberzuegen aus baustoffen auf grundlage von anorganischen bindemitteln |
GB2003923B (en) * | 1977-09-07 | 1982-03-10 | Foseco Int | Metal working lubricants |
-
1991
- 1991-03-06 JP JP3067976A patent/JPH0759346B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-30 CA CA002041503A patent/CA2041503A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-05-17 DE DE4116260A patent/DE4116260A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1991-05-22 KR KR1019910008264A patent/KR940009799B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-05-29 GB GB9111497A patent/GB2253408A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3917726A1 (de) * | 1989-01-13 | 1990-07-19 | Hanano Commercial Co Ltd | Formentrennmittel fuer druckgussverfahren |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB9111497D0 (en) | 1991-07-17 |
JPH0759346B2 (ja) | 1995-06-28 |
KR940009799B1 (ko) | 1994-10-17 |
GB2253408A (en) | 1992-09-09 |
JPH04279244A (ja) | 1992-10-05 |
CA2041503A1 (en) | 1992-09-07 |
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