DE3917726C2 - Formentrennmittel für Druckgußverfahren - Google Patents
Formentrennmittel für DruckgußverfahrenInfo
- Publication number
- DE3917726C2 DE3917726C2 DE3917726A DE3917726A DE3917726C2 DE 3917726 C2 DE3917726 C2 DE 3917726C2 DE 3917726 A DE3917726 A DE 3917726A DE 3917726 A DE3917726 A DE 3917726A DE 3917726 C2 DE3917726 C2 DE 3917726C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- release agent
- mold release
- die casting
- resin
- mold
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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- C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M111/04—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a macromolecular organic compound
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- C10M103/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
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- C10M103/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
- C10M103/02—Carbon; Graphite
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein pulverförmiges Formentrennmittel
für Druckgußverfahren, das auf die Innenflächen der
Gießformen bzw. Kokillen aufgebracht wird.
Zahlreiche Teile in der Automobil- und Elektroindustrie
werden in Druckgußverfahren hergestellt, weil diese sowohl
hohe Präzision als auch Massenproduktion in
einem kontinuierlichen Prozeß erlauben. Bei diesen Druckgußverfahren
wird ein Formentrennmittel benötigt,
damit einerseits ein Verschmelzen der Form mit dem
schmelzflüssigen Metall verhindert und andererseits das
Produkt leichter aus der Form entfernt werden kann.
Beim Druckguß verwendete Formentrennmittel werden
im allgemeinen in zwei Hauptgruppen unterteilt, nämlich
zum einen in die Gruppe der wasserlöslichen Formentrennmittel
und zum anderen in die Gruppe der wasserunlöslichen
Formentrennmittel, wobei letztere insofern problembehaftet
sind, als sie aufgrund von Rauchbildung
und Entzündlichkeit relativ gefährlich sind. Es werden
also häufiger die wasserunlöslichen Trennmittel verwendet,
deren Grundstoffe Wasser, Mineralöl usw. sind und
denen man als oberflächenaktive Mittel, oder als extrem
hohen Druck erzeugende Mittel, Silikonöl, synthetisches
oder natürliches Wachs, Fette, Öle, Fettsäureester usw.
beimengt.
Mit der Weiterentwicklung der Druckgußtechnologie in
den letzten Jahren hat sich im Rahmen der Herstellung
von Produkten hoher Qualität und besserer Bearbeitbarkeit
auch ein größerer Bedarf an Formentrennmitteln eingestellt,
dem man allerdings bisher mit wasserlöslichen
Formentrennmitteln nicht gerecht werden konnte, weil
sich einerseits eben aufgrund der Wasserlöslichkeit die
Regulierung der Gesenktemperatur sehr schwierig gestaltet
und auch die Wahrscheinlichkeit von Defekten innerhalb
des Produkts aufgrund von Wasserrückständen sehr
groß ist. Ein zusätzliches Problem stellt sich durch die
Wasserverschmutzung, die nur dadurch verhindert werden
kann, daß das Abwasser in teuren fabrikeigenen Anlagen
gereinigt wird.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Formentrennmittel
zur Verfügung zu stellen, das ein Verschmelzen
des Produkts mit der Gießform sowie innere Defekte
des Produkts zuverlässig verhindert, das ein leichtes
Herausnehmen der Gußteile aus der Gießform erlaubt,
während des Gießvorgangs keine Gasbildung und nach dem
Gießvorgang keine Wasserverschmutzung verursacht und sich
nach Gebrauch leicht von den Forminnenseiten und den
Gußteilen entfernen läßt. Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem
Gegenstand nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 erfindungsgemäß
durch dessen kennzeichnende Merkmale gelöst.
Dazu besteht das erfindungsgemäße Formentrennmittel aus
einer Mischung pulverförmigen oder granulierten Grundstoffes,
der zusammengesetzt ist aus einer anorganischen
Verbindung, wie sie auch für Festschmierstoffe verwendet
wird, und einer organischenVerbindung, die dem Grundstoff
eine haftende Eigenschaft verleiht. Beide Verbindungen
sind als Pulver oder Granulat vorgesehen,
derart, daß die organische Verbindung als Schicht
auf den Grundstoff aufgebracht wird.
Das wesentlichste Merkmal der Erfindung ist allerdings
die pulverförmige oder körnige Beschaffenheit des Grundstoffes.
Im Rahmen größtmöglicher Wirksamkeit beträgt der Anteil
der organischen Verbindung in Relation zur anorganischen
Verbindung 0,1 bis 45 Gewichtsprozent. Der Grund dafür
ist, daß die Haftung der anorganischen Verbindung an den
Innenflächen der Metallformen nicht gut genug ist, wenn
der Anteil weniger als 0,1 Gewichtsprozent beträgt, und
es kommt zu einem Zusammenbacken od. dgl. Aufbau,
der das Lösen des Trennmittels von den Innenseiten der
Metallform erschwert, d. h. die Ablösbarkeit oder die
Maßgenauigkeit des Produkts für den Fall verschlechtert,
wenn der Anteil größer ist als 45 Gewichtsprozent.
Was bei vorliegender Erfindung die Verwendung des Grundstoffes
für das Formentrennmittel anbelangt, ist
der Grundstoff aus einer festen anorganischen Verbindung,
wie sie für Schmierstoffe verwendet wird, gebildet,
und zwar aus der Gruppe aus
Bornitrid,
Glimmer, Metalloxid, Siliziumnitrid,
Molybdändisulfid, Graphit.
Diese anorganischen Verbindungen sind von pulverförmiger
oder körniger Beschaffenheit. Verwendet wird entweder
nur eine Art alleine oder aber eine Kombination aus mehreren
Arten dieser Verbindungen.
Für die Verwendung organischer Verbindungen für vorliegende
Erfindung ist
die Voraussetzung zu erfüllen, daß
sie den anorganischen Verbindungen eine haftende Eigenschaft
verleihen. Es werden für diesen Zweck
eine metallische Seife
oder eine hochmolekulare Verbindung verwendet, und zwar
für die erstere ein Karbonsäure-Salz mit Natrium,
Calcium, Barium, Lithium, Kalium, Magnesium oder Zink und
für letztere Polyethylen, Polypropylen, Epoxidharz,
Silikonharz, Phenolharz, Acrylharz, Alkydharz oder Polystyrol.
Die organische Verbindung wird als Schicht auf den pulverförmigen
oder granularen Grundstoff des Formentrennmittels
aufgebracht. Dabei wird entweder nur eine der organischen
Verbindungen alleine verwendet oder aber es werden zwei
oder mehrere der Verbindungen miteinander kombiniert. Es
kann auch eine Kombination aus Metallseife und hochmolekularer
Verbindung verwendet werden.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Formtrennmittel für Druckgußverfahren
weist zumindest der Grundstoff bzw. das Ausgangsmaterial
für das Trennmittel eine pulverförmige oder
gekörnte Beschaffenheit auf, so daß das Gußteil zuverlässig
von der Innenfläche der Gießform getrennt werden kann, und
zwar durch den Partikeldurchmesser des Pulvers oder
Granulats des Grundstoffes des Trennmittels in dem Teil der
Innenfläche der Metallform, in dem das Formentrennmittel
anhaftet. Demzufolge haftet das Formentrennmittel gleichmäßig
an der gesamten Innenfläche der Metallform, so daß
sich also eine Verschmelzung durch den direkten Kontakt
des Produkts mit der Innenfläche der Metallform zuverlässig
verhindern läßt. Da das erfindungsgemäße Formentrennmittel
darüber hinaus aus der organischen und
der anorganischen Verbindung gebildet ist und keinen Wassergehalt
aufweist, sind auch Fehler aufgrund von
Wasserrückständen innerhalb des Produkts ausgeschlossen.
Dadurch wird die Qualität des Produkts verbessert.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Formentrennmittel ist der
Grundstoff für das Trennmittel zumindest von pulverförmiger
oder gekörnter Beschaffenheit und enthält kein
Wasser, so daß die zwischen der Innenfläche der Metallform
und dem Produkt arbeitende Spannung nur schwach
ist. Dadurch gestaltet sich das Entfernen des Gußteils
aus der Form entsprechend einfach, ebenso wie das Entfernen
des Trennmittels von den Innenflächen der
Metallform und von der Außenfläche des Produkts.
Durch die pulverförmige oder gekörnte Beschaffenheit
des Grundstoffes des erfindungsgemäßen Trennmittels ist
dieses zudem reaktionsarm und bildet selbst dann kaum
Gase, wenn es während des Druckgußverfahrens hohen Temperaturen
ausgesetzt ist. Im Gegensatz zu wasserlöslichen
Trennmitteln verursacht das erfindungsgemäße Formentrennmittel
nach dem Gießverfahren auch keine Wasserverschmutzung,
was einerseits dem Umweltschutz zugute
kommt und andererseits Kosten sparen hilft, weil teure
Abwasser-Reinigungsanlagen nicht benötigt werden.
Da bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Formentrennmittel zumindest
der Grundstoff bzw. das Ausgangsmaterial pulverförmige
oder gekörnte Beschaffenheit zeigt, wird z. B.
bei Teilen aus einer Aluminium- oder Zinklegierung, die
im Druckgußverfahren hergestellt werden, ein Festfressen
an der Gießform verhindert, und es werden auch innere
Defekte ausgeschlossen. Dadurch wird eine gute Qualität
der Gußteile bei guter Ausführbarkeit des Druckgußverfahrens
erreicht. Eine Beeinträchtigung der Umgebung durch
das Formtrennmittel kann vor und nach dessen Gebrauch völlig
vermieden werden. Eine besonders gute Qualität der Gußteile
erreicht man, wenn der Anteil der organischen Verbindung
in Relation zur anorganischen Verbindung in einem
Bereich von 1,0 bis 45 Gewichtsprozent gewählt wird.
Der vorgenannte Effekt läßt sich noch verstärken, indem
Bornitrid, Glimmer, Metalloxid oder Siliziumnitrid als
anorganische Verbindung und Metallseife, die Karbonsäure
mit Natrium, Calcium, Barium, Lithium, Kalium, Magnesium
oder Zink umfaßt, oder eine hochmolekulare Verbindung wie
Polyethylen, Polypropylen, Epoxidharz, Silikonharz, Phenolharz,
Acrylharz, Alkydharz oder Polystyrol als organische
Verbindung verwendet werden. Die für die jeweiligen
Druckgußverfahren am besten geeigneten Trennmittel erreicht
man durch Verwendung einer Kombination aus zwei oder
mehreren der genannten organischen bzw. anorganischen
Verbindungen.
Verschiedene Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden
nachfolgend beschrieben.
Es wurden die folgenden Formentrennmittel (A) bis (E)
hergestellt und zu Testzwecken bei Druckgußverfahren verwendet.
Das Ergebnis der Prüfung und des Vergleiches
der einzelnen Mittel zeigt die umseitige Tabelle.
Die erste Ausführungsform (A) entspricht einem Gemisch
aus 95 Teilen Bornitrid (durchschnittliche Partikelgröße
1 bis 5 µm) und 5 Teilen Kalziumstearat.
Die zweite Ausführungsform (B) entspricht einem Gemisch
aus 20 Teilen Bornitrid, 75 Teilen Glimmer und
5 Teilen Polyethylen.
Die dritte Ausführungsform (C) entspricht einem Gemisch
aus 50 Teilen Bornitrid, 45 Teilen Siliziumnitrid, 3 Teilen
Bariumstearat und 2 Teilen Polypropylen.
Bei (D) handelt es sich um Bornitrid alleine (Vergleich
mit Ausführungsform 1).
Bei (E) handelt es sich um ein wasserlösliches Formentrennmittel,
das als Hauptbestandteile Wachs und
Silikonöl in einem Verhältnis von 1 : 80 enthält (Vergleich
mit Ausführungsform 2).
Claims (2)
1. Formentrennmittel für Druckgußverfahren,
gekennzeichnet durch eine granulat- oder pulverförmige Mischung aus
einem der folgenden Gruppe zugehörenden Schmierstoff: Bornitrid, Siliziumnitrid, Molybdändisulfid, Graphit, Glimmer, Metalloxid,
einem der folgenden Gruppe zugehörenden organischen Polymer: Polyethylen, Polypropylen, Polystyrol, Epoxyharz, Silikonharz, Phenolharz, Acrylatharz, Alkydharz, und/oder
einer Metallseife; wobei der Schmierstoff von dem organischen Polymer und/oder der Metallseife mit einem Anteil von 0,1 bis 45 Gewichtsprozent umhüllt ist.
einem der folgenden Gruppe zugehörenden Schmierstoff: Bornitrid, Siliziumnitrid, Molybdändisulfid, Graphit, Glimmer, Metalloxid,
einem der folgenden Gruppe zugehörenden organischen Polymer: Polyethylen, Polypropylen, Polystyrol, Epoxyharz, Silikonharz, Phenolharz, Acrylatharz, Alkydharz, und/oder
einer Metallseife; wobei der Schmierstoff von dem organischen Polymer und/oder der Metallseife mit einem Anteil von 0,1 bis 45 Gewichtsprozent umhüllt ist.
2. Formentrennmittel für Druckgußverfahren nach Anspruch 1,
gekennzeichnet durch eine Metallseife in Form eines Salzes einer Karbonsäure
mit einem der folgenden Elemente:
Natrium, Calcium, Barium, Lithium, Kalium, Magnesium, Zink.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP713589 | 1989-01-13 | ||
JP1044339A JPH069730B2 (ja) | 1989-01-13 | 1989-02-23 | ダイカスト用粉末離型剤 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE3917726A1 DE3917726A1 (de) | 1990-07-19 |
DE3917726C2 true DE3917726C2 (de) | 1994-07-07 |
Family
ID=26341395
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE3917726A Expired - Lifetime DE3917726C2 (de) | 1989-01-13 | 1989-05-31 | Formentrennmittel für Druckgußverfahren |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5039435A (de) |
JP (1) | JPH069730B2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA1335315C (de) |
DE (1) | DE3917726C2 (de) |
GB (1) | GB2227022B (de) |
HK (1) | HK122695A (de) |
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DE10326769B3 (de) * | 2003-06-13 | 2004-11-11 | Esk Ceramics Gmbh & Co. Kg | Dauerhafte BN-Formtrennschichten für das Druckgießen von Nichteisenmetallen |
DE102005018614A1 (de) * | 2005-04-21 | 2006-10-26 | Emil Müller GmbH | Wasserlösliche Salzkerne |
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US5468401A (en) * | 1989-06-16 | 1995-11-21 | Chem-Trend, Incorporated | Carrier-free metalworking lubricant and method of making and using same |
JPH04236300A (ja) * | 1991-01-17 | 1992-08-25 | Hanano Shoji Kk | プランジャー装置用粉末潤滑剤 |
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US5279749A (en) * | 1991-03-06 | 1994-01-18 | Hanano Commercial Co., Ltd. | Method for permanent mold casting with permanent mold casting powdery mold releasing agent |
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US5279750A (en) * | 1991-03-06 | 1994-01-18 | Hanano Commercial Co., Ltd. | Method for squeeze casting powdery mold releasing agent |
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JP2674422B2 (ja) * | 1992-04-29 | 1997-11-12 | 株式会社デンソー | 固体潤滑剤の吹付装置及び吹付方法 |
GB9310378D0 (en) * | 1993-05-20 | 1993-07-07 | Ecc Int Ltd | Improved mineral low profile additive for polymeric compositions |
US6117495A (en) | 1993-09-01 | 2000-09-12 | Polymerit | Method for forming a mold-release coating |
US5531262A (en) * | 1995-09-26 | 1996-07-02 | Freeman; Lewis G. | Bulk lubricant delivery unit for a die caster |
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US5524702A (en) * | 1995-09-26 | 1996-06-11 | Freeman; Lewis G. | Bulk lubricant delivery unit for a die caster |
US5524701A (en) * | 1995-09-26 | 1996-06-11 | Freeman; Lewis G. | Bulk lubricant delivery unit for a die caster |
US6455476B1 (en) * | 1998-06-09 | 2002-09-24 | Henkel Corporation | Composition and process for lubricated plastic working of metals |
US6169059B1 (en) | 1998-11-19 | 2001-01-02 | Superior Graphite Co. | High-temperature, water-based lubricant and process for making the same |
US6432886B1 (en) | 1999-09-08 | 2002-08-13 | Mary R. Reidmeyer | Agglomerated lubricant |
US6291407B1 (en) | 1999-09-08 | 2001-09-18 | Lafrance Manufacturing Co. | Agglomerated die casting lubricant |
SE9904367D0 (sv) * | 1999-12-02 | 1999-12-02 | Hoeganaes Ab | Lubricant combination and process for the preparation thereof |
US6660241B2 (en) * | 2000-05-01 | 2003-12-09 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Highly delaminated hexagonal boron nitride powders, process for making, and uses thereof |
US6794435B2 (en) * | 2000-05-18 | 2004-09-21 | Saint Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Agglomerated hexagonal boron nitride powders, method of making, and uses thereof |
JP3467529B2 (ja) * | 2000-06-13 | 2003-11-17 | 広島大学長 | 金型鋳造用の粉体離型潤滑剤および金型鋳造法 |
US6764975B1 (en) * | 2000-11-28 | 2004-07-20 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Method for making high thermal diffusivity boron nitride powders |
US6783719B2 (en) | 2001-01-19 | 2004-08-31 | Korry Electronics, Co. | Mold with metal oxide surface compatible with ionic release agents |
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US7662324B2 (en) * | 2001-04-30 | 2010-02-16 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc | Polymer processing aid and method for processing polymers |
JP4448630B2 (ja) * | 2001-08-03 | 2010-04-14 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 鋳造金型によるアルミニウム鋳造方法 |
US6645612B2 (en) | 2001-08-07 | 2003-11-11 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | High solids hBN slurry, hBN paste, spherical hBN powder, and methods of making and using them |
US7192620B1 (en) | 2001-09-18 | 2007-03-20 | Polymerit | Mold-release coating systems |
US7030066B1 (en) | 2001-11-12 | 2006-04-18 | Charles Piskoti | Wetting composition for high temperature metal surfaces, and method of making the same |
US20040238147A1 (en) * | 2003-05-29 | 2004-12-02 | Brown Mark D. | Mold release agent and method of application for die casting |
US7494635B2 (en) | 2003-08-21 | 2009-02-24 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | Boron nitride agglomerated powder |
EP2220200B1 (de) * | 2007-11-16 | 2018-09-19 | Henkel AG & Co. KGaA | Trockenfilmbildendes und antikorrosives kaltumformungsgleitmittel |
JP4452310B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-13 | 2010-04-21 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 鉄系合金の半溶融または半凝固状態での鋳造方法および鋳造用金型 |
US8696845B2 (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2014-04-15 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Method of providing an air passage in a tire |
CN108130182B (zh) * | 2017-12-29 | 2020-08-14 | 中天东方氟硅材料有限公司 | 一种pc构件脱模剂乳液及其制备方法 |
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GB250901A (en) * | 1925-04-20 | 1926-08-26 | Fred Howard Chapin | Improvements in shrink head casings |
GB334857A (en) * | 1929-06-05 | 1930-09-05 | Kelly Graphite Mills Inc | Improvements in or relating to parting compounds for foundry moulds |
US3213024A (en) * | 1962-07-17 | 1965-10-19 | Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc | High temperature lubricant |
US3341454A (en) * | 1963-02-25 | 1967-09-12 | Hodson Corp | Lubricant composition |
DE1594503A1 (de) * | 1965-09-01 | 1970-05-06 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Hilfsmittel fuer die Kaltverformung von Metallen |
JPS4979317A (de) * | 1972-12-08 | 1974-07-31 | ||
JPS5131097B2 (de) * | 1973-05-29 | 1976-09-04 | ||
DE2328337C3 (de) * | 1973-06-04 | 1978-01-19 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Verfahren zum herstellen von formkoerpern und ueberzuegen aus baustoffen auf grundlage von anorganischen bindemitteln |
US4038088A (en) * | 1975-03-10 | 1977-07-26 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Mold release agent |
JPS52108323A (en) * | 1976-03-10 | 1977-09-10 | Showa Denko Kk | High temperature lubricant parting agent composition |
US4202523A (en) * | 1977-07-11 | 1980-05-13 | International Lead Zinc Research Organization, Inc. | Boron nitride/elastomeric polymer composition for coating steel casting dies |
GB2003923B (en) * | 1977-09-07 | 1982-03-10 | Foseco Int | Metal working lubricants |
US4148970A (en) * | 1977-12-30 | 1979-04-10 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | Lubricating composition applied over primer coat |
US4264052A (en) * | 1978-07-27 | 1981-04-28 | International Lead Zinc Research Organization, Inc. | Water-dispersible coatings containing boron nitride for steel casting dies |
JPS568497A (en) * | 1979-06-30 | 1981-01-28 | Sumikou Jiyunkatsuzai Kk | Lubricant composition |
US4310427A (en) * | 1980-04-25 | 1982-01-12 | Nalco Chemical Company | Water dispersible band ply lubricant |
ZA84247B (en) * | 1983-02-18 | 1984-09-26 | Lonza Ag | Parting and lubricating agent in solid form |
-
1989
- 1989-02-23 JP JP1044339A patent/JPH069730B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-04-28 US US07/344,564 patent/US5039435A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-05-31 DE DE3917726A patent/DE3917726C2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-08-08 GB GB8918078A patent/GB2227022B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-09-11 CA CA000610922A patent/CA1335315C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-07-27 HK HK122695A patent/HK122695A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10326769B3 (de) * | 2003-06-13 | 2004-11-11 | Esk Ceramics Gmbh & Co. Kg | Dauerhafte BN-Formtrennschichten für das Druckgießen von Nichteisenmetallen |
DE102005018614A1 (de) * | 2005-04-21 | 2006-10-26 | Emil Müller GmbH | Wasserlösliche Salzkerne |
DE102005018614B4 (de) * | 2005-04-21 | 2016-07-28 | Emil Müller GmbH | Verfahren zur Herstellung von wasserlöslichen Salzkernen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5039435A (en) | 1991-08-13 |
HK122695A (en) | 1995-08-04 |
DE3917726A1 (de) | 1990-07-19 |
JPH069730B2 (ja) | 1994-02-09 |
CA1335315C (en) | 1995-04-18 |
GB2227022B (en) | 1992-11-04 |
GB8918078D0 (en) | 1989-09-20 |
JPH03243242A (ja) | 1991-10-30 |
GB2227022A (en) | 1990-07-18 |
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