DE4108110C3 - Thermal insulation material for buildings - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a thermal insulation element for Buildings, especially for thermal insulation in walls, Ceiling and roof area.

There is a wide variety of thermal insulation in the and civil engineering, technical systems and devices encounter and serve on the one hand to heat or Cold losses and thus energy losses to act or on the other hand harmful influences of To protect heat or cold as much as possible from keep the objects away, be it to avoid harmful tem keep temperatures away from sensitive materials, be it about indirect influences of heat or cold, such as preventing condensation.

Today, insulation is used on a very large scale synthetic substances such as B. polyurethane foam, or Mineral wool, especially glass wool, is used. The Insulating materials are not only relatively expensive and require a more or less to manufacture large energy expenditure, rather they usually cause in manufacturing, processing or disposal avoidable environmental pollution. It has also been shown that z. B. for thermal insulation in the range of Wall, ceiling and roof surfaces are common in buildings used glass wool decomposes over time and so that the insulating effect loses.

Mineral wool (glass, rock or slag wool) is in usually soaked in phenol-formaldehyde glue. For Maldehyde and phenol cause various complaints those, especially allergy sufferers, which is why their Use in living areas should be avoided.

When it comes to thermal insulation in residential buildings the creation of a favorable indoor climate interpretation of why thermal insulation health harmless, diffusible and hygroscopic, d. H. moisture balancing, should be.

The invention has for its object a Wär to design medämmaterial so that it is at high Iso effect simple and inexpensive, as well as under be with special attention to ecological aspects deliver, apply and, if necessary, dispose of is and promoting a healthy indoor climate can also be used in particular for residential buildings can.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the Features of claim 1 solved.

In ecological terms, sheep's wool belongs to the Manufacturing to disposal at the completely safe raw materials and materials, which the ecological Do not strain the circulation.

Best from the point of view of fire protection no concerns about the use of sheep want as an insulation material in buildings. Wool cokes at Flame and then not continue to burn. It is formed - unlike synthetic insulation materials - too no anesthetic gases. In addition, the Wool when used as insulation in house building mostly on all sides due to flame retardant material will be or may be included.

The invention not only creates an environmentally friendly che, inexpensive thermal insulation, a lot more it also contributes to agriculture to open up additional sales opportunities for the wool nen.

Advantageous embodiments of the thermal insulation than according to the invention are in the subclaims specified.

Preferably, the wool used is in wa used condition. The wool can also be carded to improve the insulation.

In the figure of the drawing, a thermal insulation element according to the invention is shown schematically. This is a suitable for any installation, preferably as a mat for thermal insulation in the roof area designated insulation element 60 , which consists of a sandwich of a core layer 62 in the form of a horizontally crisscrossed sheep's wool fleece, each with a layer 64 or 66 of needle felt on both sides is covered, which also consists of sheep wool. After layering the three layers, they are connected to each other to form a manageable unit by vertical needling approximately at right angles to the level of the layers. By needling, the material's own fibers are drawn in transversely to the plane of the layers across the parting planes, as is shown schematically in the example of fibers 68 .

In order to maintain the full structure of the fleece, the needling used to connect the three layers is carried out only in selected zones 70 , which are distributed approximately in the manner of quilting seams. Your parallel Anord voltage serves to simplify the representation, it is possible any practical arrangement, for. B. cruciform or diamond-shaped.

Because the finished element is made exclusively from sheep's wool the special ones remain for the intended use get advantageous properties of wool, esp There is special air access to all areas of the Ele and moisture exchange possible.

This sandwich-like insulation element 60 is very stable and dimensionally stable and can also be kept in rolls.

Preferably, the wool should be processed be washed, which also ver is improved. In addition, the insulation effect Carding can be improved.  

The invention not only creates an environmentally friendly che, inexpensive thermal insulation, a lot more it also contributes to agriculture to open up additional sales opportunities for the wool nen.

The use during the trial phase of sheep wool as insulation material for buildings confron scientific institutes or state in punch in the fields of building biology and ecology Development and agriculture were evident from the development kung and its advantages were very impressed their strong promotion in prospect.

Be it for reasons of stability or be it for relocation To prevent the insulation material, the insulation can ne can be divided into several chambers.

The insulation zone can be achieved by building elements of or from a wool to an insulation element summarizing jacket be limited.

For the simple, clean, effective and cost favorable production of the heat according to the invention insulation it is of particular importance that the as Sheep wool in the form of insulation is easy to handle having insulating elements is available. The Ge Designing such insulation elements is therefore essential Licher part of the invention.

Such insulation elements can the respective one sentence purpose designed accordingly or for example in combinable rectangular dimensions and graded thicknesses for the design of area Insulation zones in the area of building walls and ceilings or roofs are trained.

An advantageous embodiment is that the wool with a binder blends into one heat-insulating molded body is bound. Especially mineral binders such as e.g. B. clay or plaster. Mixing with bindemite teln enables the respective application purpose optimally adapted, easy-to-use moldings, such as panels for thermal insulation on walls or Roofs, tubular moldings, but also that of Insulation zone adjacent surface area of a Object, e.g. B. a roof beam or a Kam performing custom cups.

Handling the insulation is particularly easy when the wool is needled by means of Filzna deln is connected to shaped bodies, for example as a sheet or sheet that can be cut to a thickness corresponding thickness to the desired insulation zone manufactured and for example in rolls with graded Material thickness can be kept in stock.

A particularly good insulation effect can be achieved by Use of sheep's wool fleece for the production of Insulation elements can be achieved because it is a special favorable, voluminous structure. A sheep's wool However, levlies has a low dimensional stability on, its surface is easily damaged and it is therefore not very easy to use. Preferably therefore a cross-laid fleece is used, the Stability is better, but not yet the requirement changes to an easily manageable insulation element speaks.

There is a particularly advantageous embodiment therefore in that the sheep's wool fleece is sandwich-like between two layers of a sheep's wool Needle felt is included and fleece and needle felt using your own fibers to create a needle unit are connected.

In this respect, this configuration is particularly advantageous liable, because the entire element consists exclusively of the having a high thermal insulation value, even extinguishing, flame retardant sheep's wool stands, and with sufficient dimensional stability is easy to use.

Such insulation elements can the respective one sentence purpose designed accordingly or for example in combinable rectangular dimensions and graded thicknesses for the design of area Insulation zones in the area of building walls and ceilings or roofs are trained. Particularly easy will handle the insulation element when it is at for example as a sheet or board that can be cut to size corresponding to the thickness of the desired insulation zone Thickness produced and for example in rolls with abge tiered material thickness is kept in stock.

Preferably, the one made by needles Connection between needle felt and fleece open selected limited connection zones, for example se are distributed in the manner of stitching, so the voluminous structure of the sheep's wool fleece as far as remains possible.

Preferably, the wool used is in wa used condition. The wool can also be carded to improve the insulation.

Based on the following description of the in the Drawing illustrated embodiments of the he this is explained in more detail.

It shows

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a portion ei ner insulating mat for heat insulation and in particular in the roof area,

Fig. 2 shows one of Fig. 1 representation corresponding to a part of an insulating panel,

3 shows a section cup. By a surface profile of an adapted to object insulating insulation,

Fig. 4 is an insulation mat wound into a roll and

Fig. 5 is an insulating element consisting of a sheep wool fleece and between covers made of needle felt.

Fig. 1 shows schematically a suitable for any installation, preferably as a mat for thermal insulation in the roof area certain insulation element 30 , which consists of a sheath 32 which encloses a quaderför-shaped insulation zone 34 which is filled with black sheep wool 21 . The sheath is designed or made from such a material that an air access to sheep wool 21 and a moisture exchange is possible. For example, perforated paper, a jute cover or mesh-like or grid-like materials can be used as the cover.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, the black sheep wool 21 serving as insulation material fills the insulation zone 34 enclosed by a covering 32 . But it can also be the sheep's wool in one of the building elements of the building, introduced as an insulation zone before seen cavity, z. B. are blown.

Both when using an envelope, as well when introduced into the cavity prepared on the building me, the insulation zone can be divided into individual chambers be divided, for example in the case of inclined slopes or vertical insulation zones relocations or un to prevent the desired compression of the wool.

The wool can also be prepared ten molded bodies are used as insulation elements, which are formed, for example, by needles or felting become.  

Another way to form moldings, be is that the sheep's wool is mixed with a binder and then formed into an insulating element, as it is for. B. is shown in FIG. 2 as part of an insulation board 130 , which can also be processed to adapt to the mounting situation. However, it is also possible to produce gel-shaped insulating bodies or shell-like insulating elements which can be adapted to the surface profile of the area adjacent to the insulating zone, as is shown, for example, in FIG. 3 using an insulating element 40 which is the surface of a component adjacent to the insulating zone 42 is adjusted.

To adapt to special installation situations NEN the insulation elements are also tubular become.

Another possibility - as shown in FIG. 4 - is to create a web-like insulation element 52 , which can be separated from a supply roll 50 as required, in which a layer of the desired thickness of the sheep wool 21 is provided on both sides with a liner 54 or 56 , which can consist, for example, of paper or a cotton fleece.

An insulation element, as shown schematically in FIG. 5, has proven to be particularly advantageous. This is a suitable for arbitrary installation, preferably as a mat or plate for thermal insulation in the roof area, certain insulation element 60 , which consists of a sandwich of a core layer 62 in the form of a horizontally crisscrossed sheep's wool fleece, each of which has a layer 64 or 66 on each side Needle felt is covered, which also consists of sheep wool. After the three layers have been layered, they are connected to each other by a vertical needle approximately at right angles to the level of the layers to form a manageable unit. By needling, the material's own fibers are drawn in transversely to the plane of the layers across the parting planes, as is schematically indicated in the example of fibers 68 .

In order to maintain the full structure of the fleece, the needling used to connect the three layers is carried out only in selected zones 70 , which are distributed approximately in the manner of quilting seams. Your parallel arrangement in Fig. 5 serves to simplify the illustration, it is any practical arrangement possible, for. B. cruciform or diamond-shaped.

Because the finished element is made exclusively from sheep's wool exists, they remain special for the intended purpose get advantageous properties of wool, esp There is special air access to all areas of the Ele and moisture exchange possible.

This sandwich-like insulation element 60 is very stable and dimensionally stable and can also be kept in rolls.

Preferably, the wool should be processed be washed, which also ver is improved. In addition, the insulation effect Carding can be improved.

Claims (4)

1. Thermal insulation element for buildings, in particular for thermal insulation in the wall, ceiling and roof area, consisting of a sheep's wool fleece ( 62 ) sandwiched between two layers ( 64 , 66 ) of a needle felt made of sheep's wool, the sheep's wool fleece and the Needle felts are connected to their own fibers by needles to form a manageable unit. 2. Thermal insulation element according to claim 1, characterized in that the fleece is cross-laid. 3. Thermal insulation element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the connection made by needles between needle felt ( 64 , 66 ) and fleece ( 62 ) is limited to selected te connection zones ( 70 ). 4. Thermal insulation element according to claim 3, characterized in that the connecting zones ( 70 ) are distributed approximately in the manner of quilting seams.