DE3519752C2 - Mineral fiber product as an insulation board or insulation sheet - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a mineral fiber product as an insulation board or insulation sheet with an elastic main layer made of brown according to mineral fibers and at least one top layer the preamble of claim 1.

Such mineral fiber products often get to A surface layer for the purpose of surface finishing, namely e.g. B. as trickle protection, blinds, protection against currents media and absorption protection.

DE-OS 27 48 414 describes an insulation plate Mineral wool for the insulation of ceilings and roofs, which is provided with a top layer. Here is the deck layer designed so that when applying the insulation on the surface to be insulated, which was previously covered with a Bitumen layer had been provided, a much smaller one Bitumen consumption can be achieved. On the mineral wool board is preferably a glass fiber fleece Cover layer is provided, which to smooth the original originally rough surface of the mineral wool panel contributes and thus in the manufacture of covers on ceilings or Roofs on buildings have lower consumption seen bitumen layer guaranteed.

However, this insulation plate has the disadvantage that it is oversized in terms of density, because more insulation material is used here than for Achieving the prescribed insulation values is necessary. This oversizing in density has in turn befe technical disadvantages, so that in particular a Befe Fixing with dowels on building walls is problematic.

The invention has for its object a mineral fiber to create product according to the preamble of claim 1, which belongs to the thermal conductivity group according to DIN 18 165 (group 040 or 035) and the smallest possible space weight but is still sufficiently stable. This Task is characterized by the characteristics of the characteristic part of claim 1 solved, expedient further bil end of the invention by the in the dependent claims given characteristics are marked.

An insulation board or insulation sheet constructed in this way has the advantage that the mineral fiber layer serving as the main layer is so stiff due to the laminated cover layer that it is possible to provide only the density that is decisive for a certain thermal conductivity group, ie that otherwise usually only for the creation of a certain stability of the insulation board or insulation sheet used higher density is no longer required. This enables in particular a cost-effective production of such non-combustible mineral fiber products and a very good handling of these products. In addition, these can be attached to the building walls in a simple manner, for example by means of dowels. The glass fleece is open to vapor diffusion and its confused glass fibers are connected to one another for fire-related reasons by means of an organic binder which is limited in quantity. It is particularly advantageous if a glass fleece is used as the top layer, which has a basis weight of 30 to 110 g / m ² .

In particular when using the insulation board according to the invention for ventilated facades of buildings z. B. with a falling in the thermal conductivity group 040 pro product with a density of 15 kg / m ^3, the same form stability can be achieved as otherwise with a corresponding product without a pressure-distributing cover layer with a density of 25 kg / m ³ . In addition to this weight saving, the new insulation board is also characterized by a high level of flexural rigidity, ie it does not kink when the overlay is overhanging, which makes it easier to lay on the construction site, e.g. B. at high wind speeds.

When using the insulation board according to the invention ventilated facades - in the following briefly facade insulation board called - is simultaneously due to the intended top layer reached a firmer surface, so that neither a company during assembly can be carried out; is also due to the weather side Cover layer of possible driving rain rejected during laying. Finally, compared to previous facade insulation panels Due to the improved rigidity, larger dimensions than Previously possible, which reduces the joints and thus also the number of commonly used for their attachment Dowels. The latter of course also occurs when the plate size compared to previous such plates remains the same since the cover layer distributes pressure. Finally, with the facade insulation according to the invention flat bumps on the surface of the bare facades wall can be better balanced, since the main layer is a ge has lower density than before, d. that is, it can thus advantageous construction tolerances are compensated.

In the case of an embodiment of the mineral fiber product according to the invention in the form of an insulation sheet and here again when the insulation sheet is used for a so-called core insulation, i.e. as insulation between two-shell building walls, the density of the main layer can advantageously be chosen between 10 to 30 kg / m ³ , whereby two preferred products should have a density of 15 or 25 kg / m ³ . For a number of advantages, such as a reduction in transport and storage costs, fewer joints and thus fewer thermal bridges, it is advisable to roll up the insulation as a preliminary product into a roll, which can have a length of 3 to 10 m. This circumstance is again possible due to the lower bulk density of the main layer compared to hitherto, since the main layer can thereby be compressed more easily. Finally, it is possible to provide the main layer with a cover layer on both sides.

The invention is illustrated below with reference to the drawing illustrated embodiments explained and described ben.

It shows:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a mineral fiber product in the form of a façade insulating board having a single-sided laminated cover layer,

A cross-section through a building wall with a ventilated facade cladding according to section II-II in Fig. 3, is provided in the façade insulating board according to Fig. 1 Fig. 2,

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a corner area of a building with a not yet completely finished ventilated facade cladding, wherein the facades kämmplatte of FIG. 1 is inserted,

Fig. 4 wall a cross section through a twin-shell building, the track as another embodiment of a insulation has one side with a laminated coating layer as a so-called Kerndämmfilz,

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a mineral fiber product in the form of a cover plate on each side with a cover layer,

Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal section through the fastening area egg nes plate anchor.

In Fig. 1, an insulation board 1 is shown, which has a main layer 2 and a cover layer 3 laminated thereon. The main layer 2 of the insulation board 1 consists of glass fibers bonded with phenolic resin and made hydrophobic and in the present case has a density of 15 kg / m ³ as a so-called facade insulation board. A glass diffusion open to vapor diffusion, which has a weight per unit area of around 50 g / m ² , and whose tangled glass fibers are connected to one another by means of an organic binder limited in quantity serves as the top layer. Of course, the main layer 2 can also consist of stone fibers or other mineral fibers.

The insulation board 1 , which serves in the present embodiment according to FIGS . 2 and 3 for the insulation of ventilated facades, normally has a board size of 1250 × 600 mm, with board thicknesses of 30 to 100 mm, are useful here, that is, it comes here to the respective application and to the desired values with regard to the thermal resistance. The insulation board 1 falls into the thermal conductivity group 040 according to DIN 18165 and has a high bending stiffness. It also meets the requirements of building material class A2, which means that it does not burn in accordance with DIN 4102.

In Fig. 2 is a cross section through a building wall 4 shows ge, which has a ventilated facade cladding 5 . Such cladding serves both thermal insulation and sound insulation, and in addition, it should have an aesthetic appearance. It is intended to perform these functions under all environmental conditions and also not to age over time.

The insulation layer of the facade cladding 5 in FIGS. 2 and 3 is in each case formed by a large number of insulating plates 1 which are attached to one another and which are fastened to the building wall 4 with the aid of what are known as plate anchors 6 , with an outwardly facing cover layer 3 . Then follows the actual facade cladding z. B. in the form of panels 7 , which in turn are held with the aid of suitable anchors 8 on the building wall 4 such that a ventilation gap 9 remains between these panels 7 and the insulation panels 1 . Due to the dimensional accuracy of the insulation panels 1 according to the invention, it is possible to provide this ventilation gap 9 z. B. of 2 cm animals. In addition, the dimensional stability of the insulation panels 1 makes it possible to narrow the tolerances previously provided for such ventilation gaps; This is also because, for example, the previously used facade insulation panels, which had no top layer, had relatively soft panel corners, so that when using plate plugs 6 in the corner joint areas designated in FIG. 3 with 10 , the panel corners slip out of the plate of these plugs Could and therefore not only visually disturbed during the acceptance of the construction, but also represent thermal defects and thinned the rear ventilation gap 9 . After parts are now eliminated by the cover layer 3 provided according to the invention, since the insulation boards 1 through the cover layer have excellent edge strength, so that the insulation boards 1 can be kept properly in particular in the corner joint areas 10 .

Furthermore, a better assembly control is possible due to the cover layer 3 provided, ie, through the previous "free-hand dowel setting" (corresponding to the representation according to FIG. 6), it could not be ruled out that some dowels 6 or 21 were set too low. The consequence of this, in turn, was that local insulation boards were compressed too much locally, which caused the insulation to deteriorate in these areas; it also gave a worse overall picture. Now, however, if the dowels 6 or 21 are set too low, the cover layer 3 or 18 is deformed, which becomes visible through the formation of folds and thus enables better installation control.

In Fig. 4, as a further embodiment, a two-shell building wall with an inner shell 11 and an outer shell 12 is shown, between which an insulation sheet 13 with a cover layer 3 laminated on one side is used as a so-called core insulation felt. As is well known, the construction of a double-layer masonry with mineral fiber thermal insulation layer in between offers the ideal solution in terms of building physics for the external wall component due to the clear separation of functions in supporting structures, thermal insulation and moisture protection. In the present embodiment, the insulation sheet 13 is provided without a specially provided air gap between the outer shell 12 and the insulation sheet 13 . This is possible on the one hand, since the main layer 2 of the insulation sheet 13 is hydrophobic and, on the other hand, possible because the cover layer 3 derives possible moisture penetrating through the outer shell 12 downwards. The outer shell 12 is held in the usual manner by means of wire anchors 14 on the inner shell 11 , the insulation sheet 13 having to be plugged onto the wire anchors 14 before the outer shell 12 is erected . After attaching the insulation sheet 13 to the wire anchor 14 , so-called drip discs 15 are inserted into each of these, which at the same time can advantageously be used to set a certain thickness limit of the insulation layer 13 .

In the present exemplary embodiment, the spatial weight of the main layer 2 of the insulation sheet 13 was advantageously reduced from 23 kg / m ³ to 15 kg / m ³ by using the cover layer 3 in the form of a glass fleece with a weight per unit area of 50 g / m ² , in both cases the requirements z. B. the thermal conductivity group 040 are met.

When using a so-called fleece-laminated core insulation felt as insulation between two-shell building walls it is particularly advantageous to use insulation sheets with a length of 3 to 10 m to use as a preliminary product to a roll are rolled up. In addition to facilitating the laying and Fewer joints and thus fewer thermal bridges can be used per Wall corners can be insulated without any problems since the fleece lining due to its flexibility in connection with the rela tiv low density of the main layer the insulation  can easily be placed around the corners of the wall, d. H. yourself there hugs.

As a further embodiment in Fig. 5, an insulation plate is shown as a ceiling panel 16 , which in turn is marked with 2 main layer of stone fibers bound with phenolic resin and has a density of 32 kg / m ³ . The main layer 2 is laminated here with an upper cover layer 17 and a lower cover layer 18 . A glass fleece with a weight per unit area of 50 g / m ² is used as the upper cover layer 17 and a glass fleece with a weight per unit area of 100 g / m ² as the lower cover layer 18 . The two glass fleeces are glued to the main layer 2 of mineral fibers with the help of water glass.

On the upper cover layer 17 , a marking line 19 is provided as an installation aid, which is contrasted in color with respect to the glass fleece, and which was generated by means of a hot air nozzle. With such a marking line 19 , it is easier for the installer of the ceiling panels 16 to arrange them accordingly in accordance with the fiber orientation of the glass fleece laminated as the lower cover layer 18 or its decor either in the manner of a pattern of a chessboard or only in one flight.

This embodiment also shows that a stiff plate is obtained by the two-sided glass fleece lamination, although the main layer of mineral fibers has a relatively low density of = 40 kg / m ³ , which in turn simplifies handling and transport and not least the Reduces costs. Furthermore, in this embodiment, for example, the glass fleece lamination is made specifically different, namely a glass fleece with a basis weight of = 60 g / m ^{2 is} provided for the upper cover layer 17 , the choice of the basis weight being based on the following criteria: on the one hand, this must be the case Layer can absorb sufficient bending tensile forces so that the plate does not "bowl" down or bends through in the installed state, and it must also cause sufficient stabilization of the pressure zone located above under bending stress. On the other hand, this layer serves as protection against contact when packing several plates one above the other. If this protection against contact were not present, the decorative visible side of one plate would come into contact with the unprotected mineral fiber plate side of the other plate when the plates were stacked, which would have an unfavorable effect on the surface quality of the visible side, ie it would easily become dirty. Finally, the two Glasvlieska schierungen cause that the individual ceiling panels have a high edge or edge strength, so that when they are laid clean joints of the individual panels are possible.

The provided for the lower cover layer 18 and thus as a visible side glass fleece has a higher basis weight between 90 and 110 g / m ² compared to the upper cover layer, since this glass fleece besides its mechanical properties must have a closed surface; this in turn because the main layer 2 consists of mineral fibers bound with synthetic resin, which may have production-related color deviations, which must be covered completely.

In the holding member 21 shown schematically in FIG. 6, it is a so-called plate dowel 22 , which is hammered into the ceiling 20 only with a hammer 24 by creating a hole 23 through the ceiling plate 16 .

In summary, the basic idea of the present Invention in such a way that in a mineral fiber product le diglich that bulk weight is to be provided, that for the Einu into a certain thermal conductivity group according to DIN 18165 is required, a gefor each application Reduced dimensional stability of the product by lamination a suitable top layer.

Claims (7)

1. Mineral fiber product as an insulation board or as an insulation sheet for facade cladding with an elastic main layer made of bound mineral fibers and at least one top layer, which is applied in the form of a flexible, plastic, non-deformable fabric, characterized in that the main layer ( 2 ) has a density of 40 kg / m ³ that the pressure-distributing cover layer ( 3 ; 17 ) is laminated onto the main layer ( 2 ), the cover layer ( 3 ; 17 ) being open to vapor diffusion and adjusted with its basis weight so that the main layer ( 2 ) with its relatively low density together with the cover layer ( 3 ; 17 ) is dimensionally stable and rigid. 2. Mineral fiber product according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover layer ( 3 ; 17; ) consists of a Glasv lies, which has a weight per unit area of 30 to 110 g / m ² . 3. Mineral fiber product according to claim 2, characterized records that the tangled glass fibers of the Glass fleece by means of a limited amount organic binders are interconnected. 4. Mineral fiber product according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the main layer ( 2 ) consists of glass fibers or stone fibers. 5. Mineral fiber product according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the insulation board ( 1 ) for ventilated facades of buildings ( Fig. 2 and 3) a density of the main layer ( 2 ) of 10 to 30 kg / m ³ , preferably 15 or 25 kg / m ³ . 6. Mineral fiber product according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the insulation as insulation ( 13 ) between two-shell building walls ( Fig. 4) has a density of the main layer of 10 to 30 kg / m ³ , preferably before 15 or 25 kg / m ³ . 7. Mineral fiber product according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the main layer ( 2 ) on both sides with a cover layer ( 3 or 17 , 18 ) verses hen.