DE3519752A1 - Mineral fibre product as insulating panel or insulating web - Google Patents

Abstract

Mineral fibre products often contain, for the purpose of surface finish, at least one cover layer, for example as protection against crumbling, optical facing or as protection against flowing media. The present invention proposes, on the other hand, a mineral fibre product in the form of an insulating panel or insulating web in which a pressure-distributing cover layer (glass non-woven fabric 3) is provided which, depending on the application, ensures the required dimensional stability of the product, the density of the mineral fibre layer (2), on the other hand, preferably needing to be designed only according to the conditions of a specific thermal conductivity group. In particular, in the case of insulating panels (1) for back-ventilated façades, for example, better handling, pressure distribution and resistance to detachment in the case of dowel fastening (6) etc., are obtained. <IMAGE>

Description

description

The invention relates to a mineral fiber product as an insulating board or Insulating membrane with an elastic main layer made of bound mineral fibers and at least a top layer.

Such mineral fiber products are often given for the purpose of a Surface finishing a top layer, namely z. B. as trickle protection, blinds and protection against flowing media. For this purpose, such as cover layers. B. according to DIN 52270, page 2, paper, foils made of aluminum or plastic.

On the other hand, there are already a number of insulation panels, in which a main layer of bonded mineral fibers with different materials Top layers are combined in the manner of a sandwich. So is from the CH-PS 597 453 a sound-absorbing plate made of mineral fibers with a bulk density between 70 and 90 kg / m3 known, which has a glass fiber fabric on its visible side. The mineral fiber product serving as a ceiling panel has a so-called fiberglass skin, under which there is a layer of material compressed Glass fiber particles with resin is understood. In addition to improving the sound-absorbing Properties here the fiberglass skin should contribute to the stiffening of the plate, which in turn allows larger areas to be spanned with larger panels, so that there are fewer joints in the ceiling that represent sound leaks can.

Furthermore, AT-PS 187 640 is a mineral fiber product as Insulation board or membrane with an elastic main layer made of bonded glass fibers and egg- ner type of cover layer known from so-called glass fiber bundles, the parallel and at the same distance z. B. from 1 to 6 cm on the surface of the Plate or web, preferably in the longitudinal direction thereof, are arranged.

With such a type of top layer, the tensile strength should be in the direction of to be increased on the reinforcement, so that this product is relatively thin and can be bent with a small radius of curvature.

The latter also applies to the application specified there, i. H., Such mineral fiber products are primarily used for insulating pipes and cables thought, with these mineral fiber products especially in connection with bitumen should be used, making this product structurally combustible.

Finally, in DE-OS 33 15 901 is a multilayer lightweight panel, consisting of a main layer of rock or glass wool, known one or has two top layers of magnesia- or cement-bonded wood wool. Apart from that of the flammability of these products, we are talking about solid panels that cannot be bent or rolled up.

This is where the invention on which the object is based comes in structurally non-combustible, inexpensive mineral fiber product according to the generic term of claim 1 to create which that for compliance with a certain thermal conductivity group according to DIN 18165 (e.g. group 040 or 035) has the required volume weight, but is still so dimensionally stable that very good handling and fastening, z. B. by means of dowels on building walls, this product is guaranteed.

According to the present invention, this object is achieved in a simple manner solved by a mineral fiber product as an insulation board or membrane, which has a main layer the end a mineral fiber layer with a density of i 40 kg / m3 possesses, on which a pressure-distributing cover layer in the form of a flexible, plastic non-deformable sheet-like structure is laminated, the cover layer being such a Weight per unit area has that the main layer despite its relatively low density is dimensionally stable together with the top layer.

Such a constructed insulation board or membrane has compared to the State of the art a number of serious advantages, namely as the main layer serving mineral fiber layer is so stiff through the laminated top layer that it is possible to use only that which is decisive for a certain thermal conductivity group To provide volume weight, d. that is, that this is usually only for creation a certain stability of the insulation board or insulation sheet used higher density is no longer required. It is particularly advantageous if you as The top layer uses a glass fleece with a weight per unit area of 30 to 110 g / m2 having. Furthermore, the glass fleece should be open to vapor diffusion and its confused Glass fibers for fire reasons by means of a limited in its amount organic binder to be connected to each other.

In particular when using the insulation board according to the invention for Ventilated facades of buildings could e.g. B. with one in the thermal conductivity group 040 falling product with a density of 15 kg / m3 has the same dimensional stability can be achieved, as otherwise with a corresponding product without a pressure-distributing one Top layer with a density of 25 kg / m3. In addition to this weight saving the new insulation board is also characterized by a high level of flexural rigidity, d. This means that it does not kink when it protrudes, making it easier to lay on the construction site, e.g. B. at high wind speeds enables is.

When using the insulation board according to the invention for ventilated Facade - hereinafter referred to as facade insulation board for short - is provided by the Top layer at the same time achieved a more solid surface on the weather side, so that neither Fibers can be removed during assembly while still in operation; The weather-facing top layer also prevents driving rain when laying rejected.

Finally, compared to previous facade insulation panels are due the improved stiffness larger dimensions than previously possible, what the joints reduced and thus also the number of those commonly used for their attachment Dowels. The latter of course also occurs when the plate size is opposite previous such plates remains the same, since the top layer has a pressure-distributing effect. Finally, with the facade insulation panels according to the invention, unevenness of the The sub-surface of the bare facade wall is better balanced, as the main layer has a lower density than before, d. i.e., it can be beneficial Construction tolerances are compensated.

In the case of an embodiment of the mineral fiber product according to the invention in the form of an insulating sheet and here again when using the insulating sheet for one so-called core insulation, d. H. as insulation between double-shell building walls, the density of the main layer can advantageously be chosen between 10 to 30 kg / m3 two preferred products have a density of 15 and 25 kg / m3 should. There are a number of advantages here, such as reducing the transport and storage costs, fewer joints and therefore fewer thermal bridges, the insulation membrane to be rolled up as a preliminary product into a roll with a length of 3 to 10 m can. This fact is due to compared to the previously lower The bulk density of the main layer is again possible, as this makes the main layer lighter can be compressed.

Finally, it is possible to have the main layer on both sides with each to be provided with a top layer, as it is, for. B. in the priority-based DE-GM 84 16 967 is given. The ones specified there for use as ceiling tiles Insulation panels must be self-supporting in that they are z. B. at a only do not bend at the edge of the support, or with a central fastening are not allowed to "bowl". On the one hand, this is only possible if the plate is heavy from the point of view of the bulk density, or, on the other hand, if it is heavy from the point of view of the bulk density ago is lightly and appropriately armored, the latter being provided by the specific Glass fleece lamination is achieved.

Further details and advantages of the invention are provided below with reference to Exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing are explained and described in more detail.

It shows: FIG. 1 a perspective view of a mineral fiber product in the form of a facade insulation board with a covering layer laminated on one side, Fig. 2 shows a cross section through a building wall with a ventilated facade cladding according to section II-II in FIG. 3, in which the facade insulation panel according to FIG. 1 is provided Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a corner area of a building with a Ventilated facade cladding, which has not yet been completely finished, in which the Facade insulation panel according to FIG. 1 is used, FIG. 4 shows a cross section through a double-shell building wall, which as a further embodiment with an insulating membrane a top layer laminated on one side as a so-called core insulating felt Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of a mineral fiber product in the form of a Ceiling plate with a cover layer on each side, FIG. 6 is a perspective detail from a basement room, the ceiling of which is insulated with ceiling panels according to FIG. 5, wherein these are each held individually with a so-called plate dowel and FIG. 7 a longitudinal section along the line VII-VII in Fig. 6 through the fastening area a plate dowel.

In Fig. 1, an insulation board 1 is shown, which has a main layer 2 and has a cover layer 3 laminated onto this. The main layer 2 of the insulation board 1 consists of glass fibers bonded with phenolic resin and rendered hydrophobic and has im present case as a so-called facade insulation panel, preferably a volume weight of 15 kg / m3. A vapor diffusion-open glass fleece serves as the cover layer Has a surface weight of around 50 g / m2, and its tangled glass fibers are connected to one another by means of an organic binder that is limited in its quantity tied together.

Of course, the main layer 2 can also be made of stone fibers or other mineral fibers exist.

The insulation board 1, which in the present embodiment according to FIG. 2 and 3 is used to insulate rear-ventilated facades, usually has a panel size of 1250 x 600 mm, with panel thicknesses staggered from 30 to 100 mm, useful here are, d. In other words, it depends on the particular application and the desired Values relating to the thermal resistance state. The insulation board 1 falls into thermal conductivity group 040 according to DIN 18165 and has a high level of conductivity Bending stiffness. It also fulfills the requirements of building material class A2, which means non-combustible according to DIN 4102.

In Fig. 2 is a cross section through a building wall 4 is shown, which has a ventilated facade cladding 5. Such a disguise is used both thermal insulation and sound insulation, and beyond that it should have an aesthetic appearance. It should perform these functions under all environmental conditions and also do not age over time.

The insulation layer of the facade cladding 5 in Fig. 2 and 3 is in each case formed by a plurality of strung together insulation panels 1, which with the help of known so-called plate dowels 6 are attached to the building wall 4, with the top layer 3 facing outwards. This is followed by the actual facade cladding z. B. in the form of panels 7, which in turn with the help of suitable anchors 8 on the Building wall 4 are held in such a way that between these panels 7 and the insulation panels 1 a rear ventilation gap 9 remains. Due to the dimensional accuracy of the invention Insulation panels 1, it is possible this ventilation gap 9 z. B. of 2 cm to guarantee. In addition, it is possible due to the dimensional stability of the insulation panels 1, which was previously narrow the tolerances provided for such rear ventilation gaps; this too because, for example, the previously used facade insulation panels that do not have Covered layer, had relatively soft plate corners, so that in use of plate dowels 6 in the corner joint areas designated by 10 in FIG. 3, the plate corners This dowel could slip out of the plate and thus not only interfere visually during the building inspection, but also in terms of thermal engineering, and the Ventilation gap 9 narrowed. These disadvantages are due to the according to the invention provided cover layer 3 is now eliminated, since the insulation panels 1 have excellent edge strength due to the top layer, so that the Insulation panels 1 are kept perfectly in particular in the corner joint areas 10 can.

Furthermore, the provided cover layer 3 enables better assembly control possible, d. that is, through the previous "free-hand dowel setting" (according to the illustration 7) it could not be ruled out that some dowels 6 and 21 were set too deep became. The consequence of this was, in turn, that such insulation boards locally too much were compressed, causing the thermal insulation to deteriorate in these areas; it also gave a poorer overall picture. Now, however, takes place at too deep dowels 6 or 21 a deformation of the cover layer 3 or 18, what becomes visible through the formation of folds and thus enables better laying control.

In Fig. 4 is a two-shell building wall as a further embodiment shown with an inner shell 11 and an outer shell 12, between which an insulating sheet 13 with a cover layer 3 laminated on one side as a so-called core insulating felt is used. The construction of a two-shell masonry with an intermediate one As is well known, mineral fiber thermal insulation layer offers a clear separation of functions in supporting structures, thermal insulation and moisture protection, the building physics ideal solution for the external wall component. In the present embodiment is the insulating membrane 13 without a specially provided air gap between the outer shell 12 and the insulating sheet 13 are provided. This is possible on the one hand as the main layer 2 of the insulating membrane 13 is hydrophobized and, on the other hand, possible because the cover layer 3 possible moisture penetrating through the outer shell 12 derives below. The outer shell 12 is secured in the usual way by means of wire anchors 14 held on the inner shell 11, the insulating sheet 13 prior to the erection of the outer shell 12 must be placed on the wire anchor 14. After applying the insulation membrane 13 on the wire.

anchors 14 are placed on each of these so-called drip discs 15, which is also advantageous for setting a certain thickness limitation of the Insulation layer 13 can be used.

In the present embodiment, the density of the Main layer 2 of the insulation membrane 13 from 23 kg / m3 to 15 kg / m3 through the use of the Cover layer 3 in the form of a glass fleece with a weight per unit area of 50 g / m2 is advantageous reduced, in both cases the requirements z. B. to the thermal conductivity group 040 are met.

When using a so-called fleece-lined core insulation felt as insulation between two-shell building walls, it is particularly advantageous to use insulating sheets with a length of 3 to 10 m to be used, rolled up as a pre-product into a roll are. In addition to making laying easier and fewer joints and therefore fewer Thermal bridges can easily be insulated with it, because the fleece lamination due to its flexibility in connection with the relatively low density of the The main layer allows the insulation membrane to be laid around the corners of the wall without any problems, d. H. yourself there hugs.

As a further embodiment, an insulation board is shown in FIG. 5 as Ceiling plate 16 is shown, whose main layer, again designated by 2, made of phenolic resin bound stone fibers and has a density of 32 kg / m3. The main layer 2 is laminated here with an upper cover layer 17 and a lower cover layer 18. A glass fleece with a weight per unit area of 50 g / m2 is used as the upper cover layer 17 and as the lower cover layer 18 a glass fleece with a weight per unit area of 100 g / m 2. The two glass fleeces are on the main layer 2 of mineral fibers with the help of water glass glued.

On the upper cover layer 17 is an installation aid opposite the Glass fleece colored marking line 19 provided, which by means of a Hot air nozzle has been generated. It is with such a marking line 19 easier for the installer of the ceiling panels 16, this according to the fiber orientation either of the glass fleece laminated on as the lower cover layer 18 or its decoration to be arranged in the manner of a pattern on a chess board or merely in a row.

This embodiment also shows that the double-sided glass fleece lamination a rigid board is obtained, although its main layer is made of mineral fibers has a relatively low density of 40 kg / m3, which in turn is easy to handle and simplifies transport and, last but not least, lowers the grates. Furthermore are at In this exemplary embodiment, the glass fleece linings are specifically designed differently, namely, for the upper cover layer 17 is a glass fleece with a weight per unit area of 9 60 g / m2, whereby the choice of the basis weight is as follows The criteria are: On the one hand, this layer must absorb sufficient bending and tensile forces so that the panel does not move un- th "bowls" or sags, and it must also have sufficient stabilization cause the pressure zone at the top in the event of bending stress.

On the other hand, this layer serves as protection against contact during packaging several plates on top of each other. If this contact protection were not available, then when the panels are stacked, the decorative visible side of one panel would come with them the unprotected mineral fiber board side of the other board in contact with what would have an unfavorable effect on the surface properties of the visible side, d. that is, it would get dirty easily.

Finally, the two glass fleece linings cause the individual Ceiling tiles have a high edge or

Have edge strength, so that clean joints when they are laid of the individual plates are possible.

The one provided for the lower cover layer 18 and thus as the visible side Compared to the upper cover layer, glass fleece has a higher weight per unit area between 90 and 110 g / m2, as this glass fleece, in addition to its mechanical properties, has a closed surface have to be; this in turn because the main layer 2 is made of synthetic resin bonded Consists of mineral fibers, which may have color deviations due to production, which must be completely covered.

In Fig. 6, as an application example of the ceiling plate 16 is a perspective Excerpt from a basement room is shown, the ceiling 20 made of concrete subsequently on their underside with the ceiling panels 16 according to FIG. 5 in a row Formation is insulated. In this illustration and in Fig. 7 it can be clearly seen that that each ceiling plate 16 with its upper cover layer 17 on the load-bearing ceiling 20 adjacent centrally with a holding member 21, which is a plate-like support member 22 is attached. The ceiling panels 16 are square in the present case Shape, namely they have an edge length of 600 mm.

The holding member 21 shown schematically in FIG. 7 is to a so-called plate dowel, which by creating a hole 23 through the Ceiling plate 16 is only hammered into ceiling 20 with a hammer 24.

In summary, the basic idea of the present invention arises in such a way that only that density is to be provided for a mineral fiber product is that for classification in a certain thermal conductivity group according to DIN 18165 is required, with a dimensional stability of the product required for each application takes place by laminating a suitable top layer. This means that this basic idea has also been implemented for applications other than those described here can be; so z. B. with so-called industrial ceiling panels for a visible Installation in so-called standard grid T-rails. With such insulation measures it can z. B. also be appropriate that on the laid industrial ceiling panels another Additional insulation is made from loosely laid mineral fiber felt, so that the one used here Ceiling tiles for this additional load may have a higher density must be manufactured as specified in the claims. Here is for example A volume weight of 50 kg / m3 was thought, but that is still within the scope of the design of this invention.

The same also applies to the measurement of the weight per unit area of the top layer. It is also possible to apply the inventive basic idea to insulation boards, the z. B. be used between rafters. This means that the inventive The basic idea can be used in a targeted manner in a large number of applications.

- blank page -

Claims (10)

Mineral fiber product as an insulation board or insulation sheet 1. Mineral fiber product as insulating board or membrane with an elastic main layer made of bound mineral fibers and at least one top layer, d a -d u r c h g It is not noted that the main layer (2) consists of a mineral fiber layer with a density of L 40 kg / m3, on which a pressure-distributing cover layer (3; 17) laminated in the form of a flexible, plastically non-deformable surface structure is, wherein the cover layer (3; 17) has such a basis weight that the Main layer (2) together with the top layer despite its relatively low density (3; 17) is dimensionally stable. 2. Mineral fiber product according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the cover layer (3; 17; 19) consists of a glass fleece that has a basis weight of 30 to 110 g / m2. 3. Mineral fiber product according to claim 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n I would like to point out that the glass fleece is open to vapor diffusion and that the confusing ones are present Glass fibers with one another by means of an organic binder of limited quantity are connected. 4. Mineral fiber product according to one of claims 1 to 3, d a d u r c h e k e k e nn n n e i c h n e t that the main layer (2) is made of glass fibers or stone fibers consists. 5. Mineral fiber product according to one of claims 1 to 4 in the form of a Insulation board, not to be used as an insulation board (1) for ventilated facades of buildings (Fig. 2 and 3) with a volume weight the main layer (2) from 10 to 30 kg / m3, preferably 15 or 25 kg / m3. 6. Mineral fiber product according to one of claims 1 to 4 in the form of a Insulation membrane, not to be used as insulation (13) between double-shell building walls (Fig. 4) with a density of the main layer of 10 to 30 kg / m3, preferably 15 or 25 kg / m3. 7. Mineral fiber product according to claim 6, d a d u r c Ii g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the insulating sheet (13) has a length of 3 to 10 m and to one Roll is rolled up. 8. Mineral fiber product according to one of claims 1 to 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n n n z e i c h n e t that the main layer (2) on both sides with one Cover layer (3 or 17, 18) is provided. 9. Mineral fiber product according to one of claims 1 to 4 in the form of a Insulation board with cover layers provided on both sides, not shown t d u r c h the use as a cover plate (16), on the back as a cover layer (17) a glass fleece with a basis weight of 60 g / m2 and on the visible side as a top layer (18) a glass fleece with a weight per unit area of 90 to 110 g / m2 is laminated on. 10. Mineral fiber product according to claim 9, d a d u r c h g e k e n n show that the cover layer (17) has at least one marking line (19) has the line that is mechanically not noticeably weakening as the cover layer (17) is trained.