DE2747408C2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE2747408C2 DE2747408C2 DE2747408A DE2747408A DE2747408C2 DE 2747408 C2 DE2747408 C2 DE 2747408C2 DE 2747408 A DE2747408 A DE 2747408A DE 2747408 A DE2747408 A DE 2747408A DE 2747408 C2 DE2747408 C2 DE 2747408C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- solution
- weight
- surfactant
- polymers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 112
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003880 polar aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 53
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 48
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 39
- -1 hydrocarbon radical Chemical class 0.000 description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 27
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 16
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 12
- IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitrate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 11
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCO RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005575 poly(amic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FDQSRULYDNDXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3-dicarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(Cl)=O)=C1 FDQSRULYDNDXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000003827 glycol group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- LXEJRKJRKIFVNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthaloyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(Cl)=O)C=C1 LXEJRKJRKIFVNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 3
- 125000000963 oxybis(methylene) group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002837 carbocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine betaine Chemical group C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylphosphoric triamide Chemical compound CN(C)P(=O)(N(C)C)N(C)C GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229940018564 m-phenylenediamine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002480 polybenzimidazole Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- AVQQQNCBBIEMEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,3,3-tetramethylurea Chemical compound CN(C)C(=O)N(C)C AVQQQNCBBIEMEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001989 1,3-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:1])=C([H])C([*:2])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001140 1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:2])=C([H])C([H])=C1[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-benzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=C1 HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVMSQRAXNZPDHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-diaminobenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C(N)=C1 JVMSQRAXNZPDHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JSIVTKBYJLGBPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-aminobenzohydrazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)C1=CC=CC(N)=C1 JSIVTKBYJLGBPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBZMCGPFHZRHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzohydrazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 WPBZMCGPFHZRHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001453233 Doodia media Species 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C]1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound [C]1=CC=CC=C1 CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1mqpva Chemical compound CC12C(=O)OC(=O)C1(C)C1(C)C2(C)C(=O)OC1=O GTDPSWPPOUPBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UTTHLMXOSUFZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3-dicarbohydrazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(=O)NN)=C1 UTTHLMXOSUFZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VILAVOFMIJHSJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicarbon monoxide Chemical group [C]=C=O VILAVOFMIJHSJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940042795 hydrazides for tuberculosis treatment Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001461 hydrolysable tannin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005462 imide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000401 methanolic extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001477 organic nitrogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006069 physical mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NWZBFJYXRGSRGD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;octadecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O NWZBFJYXRGSRGD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920005613 synthetic organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000000000 tetracarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004072 triols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
- B01D67/0011—Casting solutions therefor
- B01D67/00111—Polymer pretreatment in the casting solutions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L79/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
- C08L79/02—Polyamines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
- B01D67/0011—Casting solutions therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0081—After-treatment of organic or inorganic membranes
- B01D67/0083—Thermal after-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/58—Other polymers having nitrogen in the main chain, with or without oxygen or carbon only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/08—Specific temperatures applied
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/38—Hydrophobic membranes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L79/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US73463176A | 1976-10-21 | 1976-10-21 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2747408A1 DE2747408A1 (de) | 1978-04-27 |
| DE2747408C2 true DE2747408C2 (it) | 1987-06-25 |
Family
ID=24952479
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19772747408 Granted DE2747408A1 (de) | 1976-10-21 | 1977-10-21 | Permselektive membran sowie loesung und verfahren zur herstellung derselben |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5351184A (it) |
| CA (1) | CA1107424A (it) |
| DE (1) | DE2747408A1 (it) |
| FR (1) | FR2368289A1 (it) |
| GB (1) | GB1561200A (it) |
| IT (1) | IT1143711B (it) |
| NL (1) | NL7711594A (it) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3028213C2 (de) * | 1980-07-25 | 1990-12-06 | Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Ultrafiltrationsmembran aus Polyamid und daraus hergestellte Membran |
| GB8320797D0 (en) * | 1983-08-02 | 1983-09-01 | Shell Int Research | Very thin dense membrane |
| AU4787685A (en) * | 1984-09-27 | 1986-04-10 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Aromatic polyamide membrane for reverse osmosis |
| NL9000329A (nl) * | 1990-02-12 | 1991-09-02 | Stork Friesland Bv | Hydrofiel membraan, werkwijze ter vervaardiging van een hydrofiel membraan. |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3567632A (en) * | 1968-09-04 | 1971-03-02 | Du Pont | Permselective,aromatic,nitrogen-containing polymeric membranes |
| US3660281A (en) * | 1970-05-06 | 1972-05-02 | Du Pont | Permeation separation membranes |
| US3775361A (en) * | 1971-10-21 | 1973-11-27 | Du Pont | Preparation of stable concentrated solutions of aromatic nitrogen-linked condensation polymers |
| US3954607A (en) * | 1972-05-01 | 1976-05-04 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Permselective membranes of diacyl hydrazide-containing aromatic polymers having selected metals complexed therewith |
| US3853754A (en) * | 1972-07-20 | 1974-12-10 | Du Pont | Membrane separation of homogeneous catalysts from nitrile solutions |
| US3816303A (en) * | 1972-12-20 | 1974-06-11 | Us Interior | Poly(n-amido)imides as semipermeable membranes |
| JPS568645B2 (it) * | 1974-09-05 | 1981-02-25 | ||
| US4159251A (en) * | 1976-09-29 | 1979-06-26 | Pharmaco, Inc. | Ultrafiltration membranes based on heteroaromatic polymers |
-
1977
- 1977-10-19 JP JP12467477A patent/JPS5351184A/ja active Granted
- 1977-10-19 CA CA289,041A patent/CA1107424A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-10-20 IT IT28830/77A patent/IT1143711B/it active
- 1977-10-20 FR FR7731590A patent/FR2368289A1/fr active Granted
- 1977-10-20 GB GB43796/77A patent/GB1561200A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-10-21 DE DE19772747408 patent/DE2747408A1/de active Granted
- 1977-10-21 NL NL7711594A patent/NL7711594A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2368289A1 (fr) | 1978-05-19 |
| GB1561200A (en) | 1980-02-13 |
| CA1107424A (en) | 1981-08-18 |
| DE2747408A1 (de) | 1978-04-27 |
| FR2368289B1 (it) | 1984-06-08 |
| IT1143711B (it) | 1986-10-22 |
| JPS6127085B2 (it) | 1986-06-24 |
| JPS5351184A (en) | 1978-05-10 |
| NL7711594A (nl) | 1978-04-25 |
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