DE2345320C2 - Verfahren zur Herstellung eines sich selbst regulierenden elektrischen Widerstandskörpers - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung eines sich selbst regulierenden elektrischen WiderstandskörpersInfo
- Publication number
- DE2345320C2 DE2345320C2 DE2345320A DE2345320A DE2345320C2 DE 2345320 C2 DE2345320 C2 DE 2345320C2 DE 2345320 A DE2345320 A DE 2345320A DE 2345320 A DE2345320 A DE 2345320A DE 2345320 C2 DE2345320 C2 DE 2345320C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- resistance
- carbon black
- heat treatment
- conductive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 36
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 27
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 description 27
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 17
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 13
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 8
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 6
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyromellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C=C1C(O)=O CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUOSQNAUYHMCRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11-Aminoundecanoic acid Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GUOSQNAUYHMCRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010053481 Antifreeze Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000299 Nylon 12 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006244 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005865 ionizing radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001179 medium density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004701 medium-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/24—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/15—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/02—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having positive temperature coefficient
- H01C7/027—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having positive temperature coefficient consisting of conducting or semi-conducting material dispersed in a non-conductive organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
- B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US28744272A | 1972-09-08 | 1972-09-08 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2345320A1 DE2345320A1 (de) | 1974-04-04 |
| DE2345320C2 true DE2345320C2 (de) | 1984-11-08 |
Family
ID=23102932
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2345320A Expired DE2345320C2 (de) | 1972-09-08 | 1973-09-07 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines sich selbst regulierenden elektrischen Widerstandskörpers |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS4968297A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| BE (1) | BE804627A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| CA (1) | CA1014314A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DE (1) | DE2345320C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| FR (1) | FR2199172B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB1449261A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| HK (1) | HK1382A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4188276A (en) * | 1975-08-04 | 1980-02-12 | Raychem Corporation | Voltage stable positive temperature coefficient of resistance crosslinked compositions |
| US4388607A (en) | 1976-12-16 | 1983-06-14 | Raychem Corporation | Conductive polymer compositions, and to devices comprising such compositions |
| GB1597007A (en) * | 1976-12-16 | 1981-09-03 | Raychem Corp | Conductive polymer compositions and devices |
| US4237441A (en) * | 1978-12-01 | 1980-12-02 | Raychem Corporation | Low resistivity PTC compositions |
| US4277673A (en) * | 1979-03-26 | 1981-07-07 | E-B Industries, Inc. | Electrically conductive self-regulating article |
| US4935156A (en) * | 1981-09-09 | 1990-06-19 | Raychem Corporation | Conductive polymer compositions |
| US5093898A (en) * | 1981-09-09 | 1992-03-03 | Raychem Corporation | Electrical device utilizing conductive polymer composition |
| US5025131A (en) * | 1981-09-09 | 1991-06-18 | Raychem Corporation | Method of heating diesel fuel utilizing conductive polymer heating elements |
| JPS59102940A (ja) * | 1982-12-06 | 1984-06-14 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | 自己温度制御性ヒ−タ用樹脂組成物 |
| US5494610A (en) * | 1992-06-29 | 1996-02-27 | Lovell; Walter C. | Apparatus and method for providing medium temperature conductive-resistant articles |
| US6059997A (en) * | 1995-09-29 | 2000-05-09 | Littlelfuse, Inc. | Polymeric PTC compositions |
| US6023403A (en) | 1996-05-03 | 2000-02-08 | Littlefuse, Inc. | Surface mountable electrical device comprising a PTC and fusible element |
| US6282072B1 (en) | 1998-02-24 | 2001-08-28 | Littelfuse, Inc. | Electrical devices having a polymer PTC array |
| US6582647B1 (en) | 1998-10-01 | 2003-06-24 | Littelfuse, Inc. | Method for heat treating PTC devices |
| US6628498B2 (en) | 2000-08-28 | 2003-09-30 | Steven J. Whitney | Integrated electrostatic discharge and overcurrent device |
| JP4902944B2 (ja) | 2002-04-08 | 2012-03-21 | リッテルフューズ，インコーポレイティド | 直接塗布するための電圧可変物質、及び電圧可変物質を使用するデバイス |
| US7183891B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2007-02-27 | Littelfuse, Inc. | Direct application voltage variable material, devices employing same and methods of manufacturing such devices |
| US7132922B2 (en) | 2002-04-08 | 2006-11-07 | Littelfuse, Inc. | Direct application voltage variable material, components thereof and devices employing same |
| JP2019199003A (ja) * | 2018-05-15 | 2019-11-21 | 東芝機械株式会社 | 導電性複合材料の製造方法 |
| CN115376734B (zh) * | 2022-08-09 | 2025-03-18 | 安徽徽宁电器仪表集团有限公司 | 一种伴热电力电缆 |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE562035A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | ||||
| US3243753A (en) * | 1962-11-13 | 1966-03-29 | Kohler Fred | Resistance element |
| US3351882A (en) * | 1964-10-09 | 1967-11-07 | Polyelectric Corp | Plastic resistance elements and methods for making same |
| US3410984A (en) * | 1966-05-03 | 1968-11-12 | Gen Electric | Flexible electrically heated personal warming device |
| US3435401A (en) * | 1966-10-05 | 1969-03-25 | Texas Instruments Inc | Insulated electrical conductors |
| GB1201166A (en) * | 1967-12-04 | 1970-08-05 | Ici Ltd | Conducting plastic articles |
| CA949637A (en) * | 1970-08-03 | 1974-06-18 | Henry J. Stinger | Process for making electrically conductive heating elements |
-
1973
- 1973-09-07 JP JP48101002A patent/JPS4968297A/ja active Pending
- 1973-09-07 DE DE2345320A patent/DE2345320C2/de not_active Expired
- 1973-09-07 BE BE135465A patent/BE804627A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-09-07 CA CA180,536A patent/CA1014314A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-09-07 FR FR7332299A patent/FR2199172B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-09-07 GB GB4213973A patent/GB1449261A/en not_active Expired
-
1982
- 1982-01-14 HK HK13/82A patent/HK1382A/xx unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE804627A (fr) | 1974-03-07 |
| CA1014314A (en) | 1977-07-26 |
| HK1382A (en) | 1982-01-22 |
| FR2199172B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1977-09-02 |
| FR2199172A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1974-04-05 |
| DE2345320A1 (de) | 1974-04-04 |
| JPS4968297A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1974-07-02 |
| GB1449261A (en) | 1976-09-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| DE2345303C2 (de) | Sich selbst regulierender elektrischer Widerstandskörper und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung | |
| DE2345320C2 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines sich selbst regulierenden elektrischen Widerstandskörpers | |
| DE2634931C2 (de) | Formmasse und unter Verwendung dieser Formmasse hergestellter elektrischer Widerstandskörper mit PTC-Verhalten | |
| DE69606316T2 (de) | Verbesserte polymer ptc-zusammensetzungen | |
| DE2344067C2 (de) | Stoffzusammensetzungen mit nicht-linearer elektrischer Widerstandscharakteristik | |
| DE69416128T2 (de) | Vorrichtung zum schutz elektrischer leiter | |
| DE3011754C2 (de) | Elektrisch leitfähige Zusammensetzung mit positiven Temperaturkoeffizienten des elektrischen Widerstandes, sowie Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung | |
| DE2364947C2 (de) | Elektrischer Heizwiderstand | |
| DE7527288U (de) | Selbstbegrenzender elektrischer widerstand | |
| DE2402475A1 (de) | Elektrischer widerstandskoerper mit verminderter schwankung des widerstandswertes und verfahren zu dessen herstellung | |
| DE2543314C2 (de) | Selbstregelnde elektrische Vorrichtung | |
| DE69225005T2 (de) | Wärmeschrumpfbarer Schlauch und Verfahren zur Herstellung | |
| DE3701814A1 (de) | Elektrisch leitende polymerzusammensetzung mit positivem temperaturkoeffizienten sowie verfahren zu ihrer herstellung | |
| DE2948350A1 (de) | Ptc-zusammensetzungen mit geringem spezifischem widerstand | |
| DE1694862A1 (de) | Gegenstaende aus vernetzten Polymeren,insbesondere Gegenstaende,die einen vernetzten polymeren Teil aufweisen | |
| DE3239017C2 (de) | Dielektrischer Film und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung | |
| DE3120288C2 (de) | Mit vernetztem Polyethylen isoliertes elektrisches Kabel mit verbesserter Durchschlagfestigkeit und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung | |
| DE2655543C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | ||
| DE2543346A1 (de) | Polymermassen mit positivem temperatur-koeffizienten des widerstandes | |
| DE2524640C2 (de) | Elektrisch leitfähige Polyolefinzubereitung und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung | |
| DE7737676U1 (de) | Selbstregulierende elektrische Heizvorrichtung | |
| DE2029725C3 (de) | Isolierter Draht | |
| DE68927756T2 (de) | Durch wärme verformbares und abdichtendes verpackungsmaterial | |
| DE2422914C2 (de) | Elektrisches Hoch- oder Höchstspannungskabel | |
| DE69703286T2 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von ptc-materialien |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| D2 | Grant after examination | ||
| 8364 | No opposition during term of opposition |