DE2340365A1 - Tabakrauchfilter und verfahren zu seiner herstellung - Google Patents
Tabakrauchfilter und verfahren zu seiner herstellungInfo
- Publication number
- DE2340365A1 DE2340365A1 DE19732340365 DE2340365A DE2340365A1 DE 2340365 A1 DE2340365 A1 DE 2340365A1 DE 19732340365 DE19732340365 DE 19732340365 DE 2340365 A DE2340365 A DE 2340365A DE 2340365 A1 DE2340365 A1 DE 2340365A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- polyamine
- poly
- component
- cationic
- filter material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title claims description 57
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims description 35
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title description 5
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 claims description 37
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 sulfonium compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenamine Chemical compound NC=C UYMKPFRHYYNDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 description 19
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrolein Chemical compound C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 9
- LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen cyanide Chemical compound N#C LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 7
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229940045713 antineoplastic alkylating drug ethylene imines Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NOWKCMXCCJGMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aziridine Chemical compound C1CN1 NOWKCMXCCJGMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000223782 Ciliophora Species 0.000 description 3
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000223785 Paramecium Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000005211 alkyl trimethyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001886 ciliary effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- HNTGIJLWHDPAFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromohexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCBr HNTGIJLWHDPAFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 241000223794 Paramecium aurelia Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001767 cationic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001484 poly(alkylene) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019505 tobacco product Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- JUQMLSGOTNKJKI-IZUQBHJASA-N (1s,4r)-2-(4-methylpiperazin-4-ium-1-carbonyl)-7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-3-carboxylate Chemical compound C1C[NH+](C)CCN1C(=O)C1C(C([O-])=O)[C@H]2CC[C@@H]1O2 JUQMLSGOTNKJKI-IZUQBHJASA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(diethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MPNXSZJPSVBLHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-n-phenylpyridine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound ClC1=NC=CC=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 MPNXSZJPSVBLHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWRHNZBWCXQDPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecyl-1,3,4-trimethylbenzene Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=C(C)C=CC(C)=C1C GWRHNZBWCXQDPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical class [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000725101 Clea Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010058467 Lung neoplasm malignant Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 101100154698 Pseudomonas aeruginosa (strain ATCC 15692 / DSM 22644 / CIP 104116 / JCM 14847 / LMG 12228 / 1C / PRS 101 / PAO1) tsi3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010057190 Respiratory tract infections Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001080173 Ridens Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940100198 alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002168 alkylating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001449 anionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000001520 comb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003013 cytotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000135 cytotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008260 defense mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009881 electrostatic interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012835 hanging drop method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000831 ionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002648 laminated material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 201000005202 lung cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000020816 lung neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008506 pathogenesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007965 phenolic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000009048 phenolic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005956 quaternization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920013730 reactive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YFYABWXIJBTAAM-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(2-phenyltetradecan-2-yl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCC(C)([N+](C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 YFYABWXIJBTAAM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/16—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of inorganic materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPB010972 | 1972-08-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2340365A1 true DE2340365A1 (de) | 1974-02-28 |
Family
ID=3765261
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19732340365 Pending DE2340365A1 (de) | 1972-08-16 | 1973-08-09 | Tabakrauchfilter und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3878853A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| JP (1) | JPS49124300A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| AU (1) | AU469193B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DE (1) | DE2340365A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| FR (1) | FR2196573A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB1414688A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| NL (1) | NL7311257A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| ZA (1) | ZA735223B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH586518A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1975-10-10 | 1977-04-15 | Hoechst Ag | |
| US6209547B1 (en) | 1998-10-29 | 2001-04-03 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Cigarette filter |
| EP1215972B1 (en) | 1999-07-28 | 2011-08-31 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Smoking article wrapper with improved filler |
| US6289898B1 (en) | 1999-07-28 | 2001-09-18 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Smoking article wrapper with improved filler |
| US6911189B1 (en) | 1999-10-29 | 2005-06-28 | Philip Morris Usa Inc. | Filter for selective removal of a gaseous component |
| US6481442B1 (en) * | 2000-11-28 | 2002-11-19 | Lorillard Licensing Company, Llc | Smoking article including a filter for selectively removing carbonyls |
| CN101433371B (zh) * | 2008-12-19 | 2011-10-12 | 湖南中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种降低卷烟烟气中醛类物质的纸质过滤嘴及其制备方法 |
| US8893725B2 (en) | 2011-01-28 | 2014-11-25 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Polymeric materials derived from tobacco |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2815760A (en) * | 1951-12-24 | 1957-12-10 | Schreus Hans Theo | Tobacco smoke filter |
| US3340879A (en) * | 1967-01-16 | 1967-09-12 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco | Cigarette filters |
-
1972
- 1972-08-16 AU AU58961/73A patent/AU469193B2/en not_active Expired
-
1973
- 1973-07-31 ZA ZA735223A patent/ZA735223B/xx unknown
- 1973-08-02 GB GB3672873A patent/GB1414688A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-08-07 US US386325A patent/US3878853A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1973-08-09 DE DE19732340365 patent/DE2340365A1/de active Pending
- 1973-08-15 NL NL7311257A patent/NL7311257A/xx unknown
- 1973-08-16 FR FR7329892A patent/FR2196573A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-08-16 JP JP48091336A patent/JPS49124300A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1414688A (en) | 1975-11-19 |
| ZA735223B (en) | 1974-07-31 |
| JPS49124300A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1974-11-28 |
| FR2196573A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1974-03-15 |
| AU5896173A (en) | 1975-02-06 |
| US3878853A (en) | 1975-04-22 |
| NL7311257A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1974-02-19 |
| AU469193B2 (en) | 1976-02-05 |
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