DE2339502C2 - Vorrichtung zum Reibungsverschweißen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum Reibungsverschweißen

Info

Publication number
DE2339502C2
DE2339502C2 DE2339502A DE2339502A DE2339502C2 DE 2339502 C2 DE2339502 C2 DE 2339502C2 DE 2339502 A DE2339502 A DE 2339502A DE 2339502 A DE2339502 A DE 2339502A DE 2339502 C2 DE2339502 C2 DE 2339502C2
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
head piece
tube jacket
friction welding
rotating
axially
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE2339502A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
DE2339502A1 (de
Inventor
Valère Vic-Fezensac Flax
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of DE2339502A1 publication Critical patent/DE2339502A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE2339502C2 publication Critical patent/DE2339502C2/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
    • B29C65/0672—Spin welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/116—Single bevelled joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being bevelled in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/118—Single monotone curved joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1222—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1224—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1244—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue
    • B29C66/12441—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue being a single wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1246—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove
    • B29C66/12469—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove being asymmetric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5344—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length, e.g. joining flanges to tube ends
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/61—Joining from or joining on the inside
    • B29C66/612—Making circumferential joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/63—Internally supporting the article during joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D35/00—Pliable tubular containers adapted to be permanently or temporarily deformed to expel contents, e.g. collapsible tubes for toothpaste or other plastic or semi-liquid material; Holders therefor
    • B65D35/02—Body construction
    • B65D35/12—Connections between body and closure-receiving bush
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
    • B29L2023/20—Flexible squeeze tubes, e.g. for cosmetics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Tubes (AREA)
DE2339502A 1972-08-03 1973-08-03 Vorrichtung zum Reibungsverschweißen Expired DE2339502C2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7228664A FR2194547B1 (fr) 1972-08-03 1972-08-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE2339502A1 DE2339502A1 (de) 1974-02-14
DE2339502C2 true DE2339502C2 (de) 1983-07-14

Family

ID=9103054

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE2339502A Expired DE2339502C2 (de) 1972-08-03 1973-08-03 Vorrichtung zum Reibungsverschweißen

Country Status (15)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS58958B2 (fr)
AT (1) AT343529B (fr)
AU (1) AU5874073A (fr)
BE (1) BE803152A (fr)
CA (1) CA1009597A (fr)
CH (1) CH578459A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE2339502C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES417384A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2194547B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1436217A (fr)
IL (1) IL42835A (fr)
IT (1) IT991470B (fr)
NL (1) NL7310669A (fr)
SE (1) SE393947B (fr)
ZA (1) ZA735273B (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS528329A (en) * 1975-06-23 1977-01-22 Voplex Corp Process and tools for making cartridges
US4352711A (en) * 1981-06-15 1982-10-05 Branson Ultrasonics Corporation Friction welding apparatus
US4353761A (en) * 1981-07-30 1982-10-12 Boise Cascade Corporation Method for spin bonding ends for composite containers
US4944977A (en) * 1987-05-19 1990-07-31 A.R.D. Industries Ltd. Friction welding flash trap seal
US4832769A (en) * 1987-05-19 1989-05-23 A. R. D. Industries Ltd. Friction welding flash trap seal and method of producing same
SE464344B (sv) * 1988-02-18 1991-04-15 Norden Pac Dev Ab Aendstycke, foerfarande foer dess montering paa roerformade hylsor samt anordning foer genomfoerande av foerfarandet
FR2753178B1 (fr) * 1996-09-11 1998-11-20 Valois Coupelle de reception, dispositif de distribution equipe d'une telle coupelle et procede de montage et de remplissage d'un tel dispositif de distribution
CN101254648B (zh) * 2004-05-13 2011-12-21 艾萨帕克控股公司 容器焊接方法
CN116765580B (zh) * 2023-08-18 2023-12-01 布柯玛蓄能器张家口有限公司 一种隔膜式蓄能器壳体的焊接工艺

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO123244B (fr) * 1963-11-21 1971-10-18 V Flax
FR1407064A (fr) * 1963-11-21 1965-07-30 Procédé et outillage pour solidariser plusieurs pièces en matière thermosoudable
CH493328A (fr) * 1969-06-04 1970-07-15 Continental Plastic Ag Procédé de fabrication d'un tube en matière thermoplastique, outillage pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé et tube obtenu par ce procédé

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2194547B1 (fr) 1977-04-01
JPS49133169A (fr) 1974-12-20
SE393947B (sv) 1977-05-31
ATA686173A (de) 1977-09-15
IL42835A (en) 1976-12-31
CH578459A5 (fr) 1976-08-13
AT343529B (de) 1978-06-12
IL42835A0 (en) 1973-10-25
FR2194547A1 (fr) 1974-03-01
DE2339502A1 (de) 1974-02-14
JPS58958B2 (ja) 1983-01-08
AU5874073A (en) 1975-02-06
IT991470B (it) 1975-07-30
BE803152A (fr) 1973-12-03
ZA735273B (en) 1974-07-31
NL7310669A (fr) 1974-02-05
ES417384A1 (es) 1976-07-16
CA1009597A (fr) 1977-05-03
GB1436217A (en) 1976-05-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE3401959C2 (fr)
DE2339502C2 (de) Vorrichtung zum Reibungsverschweißen
DE1297322B (de) Vorrichtung zum Verbinden von rohrfoermigen, thermoplastischen oder mit derartigem Werkstoff beschichteten Kunststoffteilen durch Reibungsschweissen
EP0653983A1 (fr) Procede et dispositif de fabrication de manchons en carton sensiblement cylindriques, fermes d'un cote.
DE2048580B2 (de) Hubventil mit kegeligem ventilschliesskoerper und einem schraeg zur betaetigungsrichtung angeordnetem elliptischen ventilsitz
DE2146251A1 (de) Kaliberringziehvorrichtung
EP0932473B1 (fr) Dispositif de fixation pour outils de brasage
DE447700C (de) Presse fuer feuchtes Gut, insbesondere nach Art der Doppelseiherpressen
EP0151770B1 (fr) Presse pour la fabrication de pièces pressées pour combustible nucléaire
DE2211652C3 (de) Presse zum hydrostatischen Strangpressen von Rohren
DE1565822C3 (de) Lichtbogen-Punktschweißeinrichtung
DE9215015U1 (de) Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von einseitig verschlossenen, im wesentlichen zylindrischen Hülsen aus Pappe
DE2256816A1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen kegelstumpffoermiger metalltuben
DE1452416C3 (de) Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Bechers mit zylindrischem Mantel
DE365742C (de) Rasensprenger
DE637169C (de) Zerstaeubermundstueck
CH392364A (de) Vorrichtung zum Verschliessen von Behältern mittels eines unter Wärmeeinwirkung schrumpffähigen Kunststoffilms
DE2553556B2 (de) Verstellvorrichtung an fotografischen VergröBerungs- oder Reprogeräten
DE2516656A1 (de) Rohrgehaeuse eines teleskopschwingungsdaempfers, insbesondere fuer kraftfahrzeuge
DE2034133A1 (de) Anschlußstutzen sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zu seiner Anbringung
DE2359794C3 (de) Schnell um seine Achse drehender Dorn zum Bilden eines Loches in einer metallenen Platte oder der Wand eines metallenen Rohres
DE3011424C2 (de) Einrichtung zur Ermittlung der füllgerechten Lage von Ventilsäcken auf eiem Füllrohr
DE1253980B (de) Aus zusammengeschweissten Schmiedeteilen bestehender Buegelaufsatz fuer Schieber- und Ventilgehaeuse
AT158963B (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zum Herstellen von Papiergefäßen.
AT215195B (de) Druckmittelbehälter, insbesondere Druckgasbehälter für Gasfeuerzeuge

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
OD Request for examination
D2 Grant after examination
8364 No opposition during term of opposition