DE2329210C2 - Verfahren zur Abtrennung von polaren bzw. polarisierbaren Stoffen mittels Molekularsiebzeolithen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Abtrennung von polaren bzw. polarisierbaren Stoffen mittels MolekularsiebzeolithenInfo
- Publication number
- DE2329210C2 DE2329210C2 DE2329210A DE2329210A DE2329210C2 DE 2329210 C2 DE2329210 C2 DE 2329210C2 DE 2329210 A DE2329210 A DE 2329210A DE 2329210 A DE2329210 A DE 2329210A DE 2329210 C2 DE2329210 C2 DE 2329210C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- zeolites
- zeolite
- gas
- adsorption
- separation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 title claims description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 title claims description 4
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 34
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 32
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 22
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 108010055622 Dermatophagoides farinae antigen f 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/04—Purification or separation of nitrogen
- C01B21/0405—Purification or separation processes
- C01B21/0433—Physical processing only
- C01B21/045—Physical processing only by adsorption in solids
- C01B21/0455—Physical processing only by adsorption in solids characterised by the adsorbent
- C01B21/0466—Zeolites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/16—Alumino-silicates
- B01J20/18—Synthetic zeolitic molecular sieves
- B01J20/186—Chemical treatments in view of modifying the properties of the sieve, e.g. increasing the stability or the activity, also decreasing the activity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
- B01D2253/108—Zeolites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2256/00—Main component in the product gas stream after treatment
- B01D2256/12—Oxygen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2210/00—Purification or separation of specific gases
- C01B2210/0043—Impurity removed
- C01B2210/0045—Oxygen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/151—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
Priority Applications (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2329210A DE2329210C2 (de) | 1973-06-07 | 1973-06-07 | Verfahren zur Abtrennung von polaren bzw. polarisierbaren Stoffen mittels Molekularsiebzeolithen |
| IT51394/74A IT1013377B (it) | 1973-06-07 | 1974-06-05 | Procedimento ed impianto per pro durre zeolite a con proprieta migliorate |
| JP49062980A JPS5021998A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1973-06-07 | 1974-06-05 | |
| GB2520074A GB1456418A (en) | 1973-06-07 | 1974-06-06 | Separation process using zeolite a with properties |
| BE145132A BE815983A (fr) | 1973-06-07 | 1974-06-06 | Zeolite du type a ayant des proprietes ameliorees |
| FR7419785A FR2232511B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1973-06-07 | 1974-06-07 | |
| NL7407692A NL7407692A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1973-06-07 | 1974-06-07 | |
| US05/620,723 US4056370A (en) | 1973-06-07 | 1975-10-07 | Zeolite A with improved properties |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2329210A DE2329210C2 (de) | 1973-06-07 | 1973-06-07 | Verfahren zur Abtrennung von polaren bzw. polarisierbaren Stoffen mittels Molekularsiebzeolithen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2329210A1 DE2329210A1 (de) | 1975-01-02 |
| DE2329210C2 true DE2329210C2 (de) | 1986-04-30 |
Family
ID=5883410
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2329210A Expired DE2329210C2 (de) | 1973-06-07 | 1973-06-07 | Verfahren zur Abtrennung von polaren bzw. polarisierbaren Stoffen mittels Molekularsiebzeolithen |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5021998A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| BE (1) | BE815983A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DE (1) | DE2329210C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| FR (1) | FR2232511B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB1456418A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| IT (1) | IT1013377B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| NL (1) | NL7407692A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4890885A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1972-03-03 | 1973-11-27 | ||
| JPS54111461A (en) * | 1978-02-17 | 1979-08-31 | Hiromichi Nakatsu | Soil improver and production thereof |
| BE875445A (fr) * | 1978-05-10 | 1979-07-31 | Hoelter H | Filtre d'air d'aeration de l'habitacle d'un vehicule automobile |
| JPS58124539A (ja) * | 1982-01-19 | 1983-07-25 | Toray Ind Inc | 気体分離用吸着剤 |
| FR2618085A1 (fr) | 1987-07-17 | 1989-01-20 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Adsorbant pour la purification des gaz et procede de purification |
| FR2999168B1 (fr) | 2012-12-12 | 2014-12-26 | Herakles | Procede pyrotechnique de mise a disposition d'hydrogene de tres grande purete et dispositif associe |
| FR3003092B1 (fr) | 2013-03-05 | 2015-04-03 | Herakles | Procede et dispositif d'alimentation d'une pile a combustible |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1038017B (de) * | 1953-12-24 | 1958-09-04 | Union Carbide Corp | Verfahren zur Herstellung kristalliner zeolithischer Molekularsiebe |
-
1973
- 1973-06-07 DE DE2329210A patent/DE2329210C2/de not_active Expired
-
1974
- 1974-06-05 IT IT51394/74A patent/IT1013377B/it active
- 1974-06-05 JP JP49062980A patent/JPS5021998A/ja active Pending
- 1974-06-06 BE BE145132A patent/BE815983A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-06-06 GB GB2520074A patent/GB1456418A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-06-07 NL NL7407692A patent/NL7407692A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1974-06-07 FR FR7419785A patent/FR2232511B1/fr not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2329210A1 (de) | 1975-01-02 |
| FR2232511B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1978-05-05 |
| FR2232511A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1975-01-03 |
| JPS5021998A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1975-03-08 |
| BE815983A (fr) | 1974-12-06 |
| IT1013377B (it) | 1977-03-30 |
| GB1456418A (en) | 1976-11-24 |
| NL7407692A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1974-12-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OD | Request for examination | ||
| D2 | Grant after examination | ||
| 8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |