DE2219646C3 - Polyamidfaser und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung - Google Patents
Polyamidfaser und Verfahren zu deren HerstellungInfo
- Publication number
- DE2219646C3 DE2219646C3 DE2219646A DE2219646A DE2219646C3 DE 2219646 C3 DE2219646 C3 DE 2219646C3 DE 2219646 A DE2219646 A DE 2219646A DE 2219646 A DE2219646 A DE 2219646A DE 2219646 C3 DE2219646 C3 DE 2219646C3
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- spinning
- polyamide
- den
- yarn
- fiber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 57
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 title claims description 33
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 title claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- -1 poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920003366 poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 36
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 15
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosulfonic acid Substances OS(Cl)(=O)=O XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorosulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(F)(=O)=O UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- KEQGZUUPPQEDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC1(C)N(Cl)C(=O)N(Cl)C1=O KEQGZUUPPQEDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006059 cover glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Chemical class [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KUBDPQJOLOUJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)oxirane;4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol Chemical compound ClCC1CO1.C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KUBDPQJOLOUJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVRNUXJQQFPNMN-VAWYXSNFSA-N 3-[(e)-dodec-1-enyl]oxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C1CC(=O)OC1=O WVRNUXJQQFPNMN-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003319 Araldite® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000027321 Lychnis chalcedonica Species 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012963 UV stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001243 acetic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylbenzylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylphosphoric triamide Chemical compound CN(C)P(=O)(N(C)C)N(C)C GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006224 matting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006259 organic additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001028 reflection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002990 reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- LXEJRKJRKIFVNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthaloyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(Cl)=O)C=C1 LXEJRKJRKIFVNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
- D01F6/60—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyamides
- D01F6/605—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyamides from aromatic polyamides
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Tires In General (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13820971A | 1971-04-28 | 1971-04-28 | |
| US17251471A | 1971-08-17 | 1971-08-17 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2219646A1 DE2219646A1 (de) | 1972-11-09 |
| DE2219646B2 DE2219646B2 (de) | 1980-01-03 |
| DE2219646C3 true DE2219646C3 (de) | 1988-11-10 |
Family
ID=26835968
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2219646A Expired DE2219646C3 (de) | 1971-04-28 | 1972-04-21 | Polyamidfaser und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
| DE2266038A Expired DE2266038C3 (de) | 1971-04-28 | 1972-04-21 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von aromatischen Polyamidfäden |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2266038A Expired DE2266038C3 (de) | 1971-04-28 | 1972-04-21 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von aromatischen Polyamidfäden |
Country Status (15)
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL39187A (en) * | 1971-04-28 | 1976-02-29 | Du Pont | Polyamide fibers and films and their preparation |
| JPS55122012A (en) * | 1979-03-13 | 1980-09-19 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide fiber having improved fatigue resistance and its production |
| JPS55122011A (en) * | 1979-03-13 | 1980-09-19 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide fiber having high young's modulus and its preparation |
| KR860001141B1 (ko) * | 1984-06-29 | 1986-08-16 | 한국과학기술원 | 전방향족 폴리아미드와 방향족-지방족 규칙 배열 코폴리아미드로 구성된 고분자 혼성체 섬유의 제조 방법 |
| JP3676111B2 (ja) | 1998-06-03 | 2005-07-27 | 帝人テクノプロダクツ株式会社 | 芳香族ポリアミド繊維及びそれを用いた紙 |
| JP3475234B2 (ja) * | 1998-10-15 | 2003-12-08 | 帝人テクノプロダクツ株式会社 | 芳香族ポリアミド繊維紙 |
| EP0994215B1 (en) * | 1998-10-15 | 2003-06-04 | Teijin Limited | Wholly aromatic polyamide fiber synthetic paper sheet |
| US20130157054A1 (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2013-06-20 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | High linear density, high modulus, high tenacity yarns and methods for making the yarns |
Family Cites Families (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US138210A (en) * | 1873-04-22 | Improvement in hay and cotton presses | ||
| US2318704A (en) * | 1940-04-02 | 1943-05-11 | Celanese Corp | Production of artificial filaments, foils, and like shaped articles |
| GB796544A (en) * | 1954-10-13 | 1958-06-11 | British Celanese | Improvements in the manufacture of artificial filaments and like products |
| US3063966A (en) * | 1958-02-05 | 1962-11-13 | Du Pont | Process of making wholly aromatic polyamides |
| BE565268A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1957-02-28 | |||
| GB877855A (en) * | 1958-07-22 | 1961-09-20 | Wilcolator Co | Improvements in gas oven control |
| US3094511A (en) * | 1958-11-17 | 1963-06-18 | Du Pont | Wholly aromatic polyamides |
| GB877885A (en) * | 1958-12-19 | 1961-09-20 | Du Pont | Improvements relating to the treatment of aromatic polyamide structures |
| FR1242289A (fr) * | 1958-12-19 | 1960-09-23 | Du Pont | Procédé de cristallisation de fibres synthétiques |
| NL265296A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1960-05-31 | |||
| US3079219A (en) * | 1960-12-06 | 1963-02-26 | Du Pont | Process for wet spinning aromatic polyamides |
| US3154610A (en) * | 1961-05-31 | 1964-10-27 | Celanese Corp | Process of wet spinning polyamides and prevention of gel formation |
| NL128614C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1962-09-11 | |||
| US3354125A (en) * | 1963-07-29 | 1967-11-21 | Monsanto Co | Polymers from diaminobenzanilides |
| US3414645A (en) * | 1964-06-19 | 1968-12-03 | Monsanto Co | Process for spinning wholly aromatic polyamide fibers |
| DE1910426U (de) | 1964-10-20 | 1965-02-18 | Wills K G Laurinwerk | Schreibgeraet. |
| CH467362A (de) * | 1965-02-05 | 1969-02-28 | Nippon Rayon Kk | Verfahren zum Verbessern der Eigenschaften von Polyamidgarnen |
| CA928440A (en) * | 1967-12-27 | 1973-06-12 | I. Bair Thomas | Fibres of aromatic para-oriented polyterephthalamides |
| IT947029B (it) * | 1968-03-15 | 1973-05-21 | Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Kk | Procedimento per la preparazione della l isoleucina mediante fermen tazione |
| DE1810426B2 (de) * | 1968-06-12 | 1980-08-28 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Co., Wilmington, Del. (V.St.A.) | Aromatische Polyamide enthaltende, optisch anisotrope Masse |
| US3600269A (en) * | 1968-07-29 | 1971-08-17 | Monsanto Co | Novel fiber reinforced matrix composites |
| IL39187A (en) * | 1971-04-28 | 1976-02-29 | Du Pont | Polyamide fibers and films and their preparation |
| US3869430A (en) * | 1971-08-17 | 1975-03-04 | Du Pont | High modulus, high tenacity poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) fiber |
| US3796693A (en) * | 1971-08-23 | 1974-03-12 | H Morgan | High modulus aromatic poly(amide hydrazide) fibers |
| US3723380A (en) * | 1972-02-04 | 1973-03-27 | Monsanto Co | Aromatic amide-hydrazide copolymer |
| US3767756A (en) * | 1972-06-30 | 1973-10-23 | Du Pont | Dry jet wet spinning process |
| NL7904496A (nl) * | 1979-06-08 | 1980-12-10 | Akzo Nv | Vezel,dradenbundel en koord uit poly-p-fenyleenteref- taalamide. |
-
1972
- 1972-04-11 IL IL39188A patent/IL39188A/en unknown
- 1972-04-21 DE DE2219646A patent/DE2219646C3/de not_active Expired
- 1972-04-21 DE DE2266038A patent/DE2266038C3/de not_active Expired
- 1972-04-21 AR AR241600A patent/AR198167A1/es active
- 1972-04-26 ES ES402142A patent/ES402142A1/es not_active Expired
- 1972-04-26 LU LU65247D patent/LU65247A1/xx unknown
- 1972-04-26 AU AU41536/72A patent/AU463869B2/en not_active Expired
- 1972-04-27 JP JP4180372A patent/JPS5514167B1/ja active Pending
- 1972-04-27 CA CA140,784A patent/CA1013525A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-04-27 FR FR7215013A patent/FR2134581B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1972-04-27 GB GB1957572A patent/GB1391501A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-04-27 SE SE7205571A patent/SE382081B/xx unknown
- 1972-04-28 BE BE782796A patent/BE782796A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-04-28 IT IT23691/72A patent/IT968393B/it active
- 1972-04-28 CH CH639272A patent/CH531056A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-04-28 NL NLAANVRAGE7205837,A patent/NL172570B/xx active IP Right Review Request
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2134581A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1972-12-08 |
| GB1391501A (en) | 1975-04-23 |
| NL172570B (nl) | 1983-04-18 |
| SE382081B (sv) | 1976-01-12 |
| DE2266038C3 (de) | 1989-07-20 |
| NL7205837A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1972-10-31 |
| DE2219646B2 (de) | 1980-01-03 |
| IL39188A0 (en) | 1972-06-28 |
| DE2219646A1 (de) | 1972-11-09 |
| AR198167A1 (es) | 1974-06-07 |
| ES402142A1 (es) | 1975-11-16 |
| IL39188A (en) | 1976-02-29 |
| CH531056A (de) | 1972-11-30 |
| FR2134581B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1978-06-02 |
| LU65247A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1972-07-14 |
| AU4153672A (en) | 1973-11-01 |
| BE782796A (fr) | 1972-08-16 |
| CA1013525A (en) | 1977-07-12 |
| JPS5514167B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1980-04-14 |
| AU463869B2 (en) | 1975-08-07 |
| IT968393B (it) | 1974-03-20 |
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