DE202014004059U1 - finished basement - Google Patents

Abstract

Prefabricated cellar (10), characterized in that it consists essentially of at least two pre-fabricated outside a construction site and assembled on site construction modules (12), each module (12) at least one sub-base plate (14) and one fixedly connected thereto Part basement wall (16) includes.

Description

The present invention relates to a prefabricated cellar according to the preamble of claim 1. In addition, part of the invention is a prefabricated cellar module according to the preamble of claim 11.

From the prior art it is known in basement houses, for example, the basement to create. From prefabricated floor panels and side walls and possibly also prefabricated ceiling elements. Such a cellar is called a ready-made cellar. Here, the prefabricated panels or walls are assembled and mounted on site similar to a prefabricated house on the site in an excavation. Prefabricated cellars can be used to build both traditional brick houses and prefabricated houses.

Object of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated cellar, which is as inexpensive as possible and waterproof.

To solve the problem, a finished cellar with the features of claim 1 is proposed.

The prefabricated cellar according to the invention is more prefabricated than before and consists so far only a few parts that are joined together on the site. Due to the increased degree of prefabrication, both the manufacturing costs and the assembly costs can be reduced on site. It can also reduce the required excavation, since less space is needed on site for the installation of the prefabricated cellar, since the installation (sealing, connection) can be done almost exclusively from the inside. The assembly time on site, ie at the construction site, is also reduced. In addition, by virtue of the modules being prefabricated units of partial base plate and partial basement wall, the sealing between partial base plate and partial basement wall is already produced at the factory and as a result the water seal is improved, since construction site sealing defects are scarcely possible.

According to the finished cellar modular composition. It preferably forms the entire intended basement room of a newly built house, preferably a prefabricated house.

After installation of the finished cellar in the ground, the interior can be further divided. It may be in the prefabricated cellar for such a Vollunterkellerung or for a Teilunterkellerung the prefabricated house. The prefabricated cellar according to the invention is particularly suitable as a so-called "technical cellar" in which technical facilities such as heating, water, electricity and / or hot water treatment are accommodated. It is optimal if the prefabricated cellar only comprises two modules from which the complete desired basement room is made. Of course, the entire basement room can also be assembled from more than two modules.

The prefabricated prefabricated cellar module preferably has a monolithically formed partial base plate and a monolithically formed partial basement wall or monolithically connected partial basement walls. The module is preferably made of concrete, in particular water-impermeable concrete (so-called "WU concrete" or "concrete with high water penetration resistance"). The prefabricated cellar according to the invention can insofar as a water-impermeable structure under at least partial consideration of the WU directive of the German Committee for reinforced concrete (DAfStb) for the stress class 1 (pressing and non-pressurizing water and temporarily accumulating seepage water) and use class A (no water passage in liquid form during the period of use ) be formed.

In a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the modules of a production cellar are identical. This again significantly reduces the manufacturing costs and simplifies the installation of the modules. A likelihood of confusion of the modules is excluded, which facilitates the handling on the site and lowers the requirements of the craftsmen who look after the site.

It is further provided that the prefabricated basement consists essentially of two modules, each comprising a rectangular part-bottom plate and a partial basement wall, which consists of three orthogonal to the partial bottom plate side walls. This is for the construction of a prefabricated cellar with a square or rectangular floor plan, wherein the two open walls are put together in the installation with the mutually facing edges. Such modules are very inexpensive to produce.

Alternatively, it is possible for the prefabricated basement to consist essentially of two modules each comprising a triangular sub-floor panel and a sub-basement wall consisting of two side walls orthogonal to the sub-floor panel. If the triangular base plate thereby has a right angle, so it can be created after assembly, a prefabricated cellar with a square floor plan. If necessary, for example, a floor plan in the form of a parallelogram or a rhombus can be created at other angular ratios.

As a further alternative, it is possible that the prefabricated cellar consists essentially of two modules each comprising an at least approximately semicircular part-bottom plate and a part basement wall, which consists of a half-cylinder jacket. Hereby, if required, a prefabricated cellar can be created in a round floor plan. It is also conceivable, of course, that the intended semicircle is elliptical, so that after assembly, an oval prefabricated basement floor plan arises.

If necessary, the abovementioned alternative modules can also be combined with one another, so that, for example, a semicircular module connects to a rectangular module. It only has to be considered that the two open walls to be set have the same dimensions. This considerably increases the range of suppliers of a module manufacturer, whereby - to a certain extent - individual wishes of the customer can be addressed.

An important aspect of the present invention is that the sub-base plate and the sub-basement wall of one module each have a partial groove on an edge facing the other module, wherein two sub-grooves in two assembled modules form an overall groove into which a Connecting device, such as a turnbuckle, can be used, which connects both modules non-positively. As a turnbuckle is, for example, a design with two acting in the opposite direction screws and a common example U-shaped clamping body, each screw is screwed into an armature in the edge of a module. Through the opening of the Gesamtnut and the opening of the U-shaped clamping body, the screws can be operated during assembly.

It is preferably provided that a plurality of turnbuckles are arranged along the mutually facing edges of two modules at a predetermined distance (for example equidistant or in accordance with the particular static requirements) between the two contiguous sub-floor panels and partial basement walls and the overall grooves thus formed. Such a connection is easy and inexpensive to implement from the inside and allows easy realization of a desired connection force. Depending on a thread size and thread pitch so many tons of connection force can be generated.

In addition to this, it is provided that the wall thickness of a partial basement wall and / or a partial base plate is greater in an edge region facing the other partial basement wall or partial baseboard than outside this edge region. The increase in wall thickness is used to secure and loadable arrangement of the armature, which cooperates with the screws of the turnbuckle and is applied during assembly with high forces, and for safe initiation and absorption of the connection forces in the modules. The enlargement of the wall thickness ("thickening") can be trapezoidal (chamfered) on the side opposite to the partial groove side.

In a further development, it is proposed that the enlargement of the wall thickness in a partial basement wall preferably by a thickening on the inside (alternatively on the outside) and / or in a partial bottom plate by a thickening preferably on the outside (alternatively: on the inside ) is realized. Thus, the attachment of the thermal insulation on the outside of the basement wall is not hindered, and it is a "stumbling" avoided on the bottom plate.

In addition, it is provided that a compression seal is arranged between the mutually facing edges of two modules. For the sealing of a butt joint in the overall groove of the prefab cellar, a compression seal with general construction supervisory test certificate is provided in accordance with the WU guideline of the DAfStb, whose contact pressure can be generated in a defined manner by the aforementioned clamping connection (turnbuckle). In the simplest case, the total groove formed from the two sub-grooves of the two modules placed next to each other can be filled with a suitable liquid concrete after the two modules have been frictionally connected, so that a flat and watertight surface is created. In this case, for example, by inserting a type of bitumen and / or rubber and / or rubber band, a compression seal can be created. Generally speaking, to achieve impermeability and resistance as a compression seal, an elastomer-based compression seal profile can be used. The aim is to comply with the WU directive of the German Committee for Reinforced Concrete Construction.

It is further provided that the partial basement wall and / or the partial bottom plate outside (alternatively: inside) has a thermal insulation. The thermal insulation is preferably realized by thermal insulation boards, which in addition to the heat-insulating effect and pressure resistant and shear resistant and not designed to absorb water and are secured accordingly. The thermal insulation panels are flat on the outside, so that the prefabricated cellar module has a flat surface on the outer walls. The thus formed outside circumferential thermal insulation of the prefabricated cellar is to achieve a sufficient bond to the concrete and thus to avoid Hinterläufigkeiten and buoyancy protection preferably on the Wall surfaces factory placed in a formwork of the prefabricated cellar modules and formed rough or structured in the contact surface to the concrete. For this purpose, the concrete is poured onto the thermal insulation panels inserted into the formwork, so that it connects firmly and completely with them. The thermal insulation under the floor slab of the prefabricated cellar has as unrestricted feasibility of construction at least in Germany, taking into account earthquake stresses on a general building inspectorate approval as load-bearing thermal insulation under pressure and shear stresses.

The external thermal insulation can simultaneously serve as shuttering for forming a desired outer contour of the partial basement wall and / or partial base plate, for example in the region of the connecting joint between the two modules.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the figures and are explained in more detail in the following description. In each case, in schematic form:

1 a square prefabricated cellar according to the invention and consisting of two modules in a perspective view;

2 a rectangular base exhibiting module of the prefabricated cellar 1 in a perspective view;

3 a section along the plane III-III of 1 ;

4 a section along the plane IV-IV of 1 ;

5 a detail V of 3 ;

6 a detail VI of 4 ;

7 the module off 2 in section along the plane VII-VII of 2 ;

8th a section along the line VIII-VIII of 7 ;

9 a section along the line IX-IX of 8th ;

10 a perspective view of an alternative module; and

11 a perspective view of another alternative module.

A finished cellar carries in 1 Overall, the reference number 10 , The finished cellar 10 has a modular structure and in the present case comprises two identical modules 12 ( 2 ), the two modules 12 with their open sides are set together.

Every module 12 consists of a monolithic partial base plate 14 and a partial basement wall 16 consisting of three to partial bottom plate 14 orthogonally arranged monolithic side walls 16a . 16b and 16c , The side walls 16a and 16c are parallel to each other and each orthogonal to the side wall 16b arranged. The partial bottom plate 14 is in the 1 and 2 rectangular. The module 12 is preferably made of concrete, in particular water-impermeable concrete (so-called. "WU concrete" or "concrete with high water penetration resistance"). The module 12 is preferably prefabricated in a precast plant or any other location suitable therefor, and is essentially as in 2 shown delivered to the construction site.

The side walls 16a -C and the part base plate 14 each have in the present embodiment, a thermal insulation, by thermal insulation boards 17 is realized. The thermal insulation panels 17 are outside on the part basement wall 16 and the part floor plate 14 arranged. The thermal insulation panels 17 at the partial bottom plate 14 are in the 1 and 2 not visible.

A module 12 has, for example, including a 12 cm thick outer circumferential insulation on a floor plan area of 6 × 3 m, so that two symmetrical modules 12 a finished cellar 10 with external dimensions of 6 × 6 m. A common height (outside dimensions) of the prefabricated cellar 10 is, for example, at 2.83 m.

To the cellar 10 to install, the two modules must 12 initially put together and then connected with each other. The preferred embodiment of the prefabricated cellar 10 includes two modules 12 which are formed identically. In other embodiments, two or more differently designed modules are possible. It is also possible that more than two modules are used to create the prefab cellar. The individual modules can also be designed differently.

By putting the modules together 12 forms between the mutually facing edge regions of the two partial floor panels 14 and the part-basement walls 16 with the respective side walls 16a and 16c one butt joint each 18 (please refer 1 ). A wall thickness D1 of the side walls 16a respectively. 16c a partial basement wall 16 and the part floor plate 14 is in one to the other part basement wall 16 or partial base plate 14 facing edge area 22 greater than a wall thickness D2 outside of this edge region 22 ( 2 ). This edge area 22 forms in this respect one parallel to the fugue 18 extending thickening. At the edges facing each other have the side walls 16a and 16c the part-basement walls 16 one part-groove each 20 on. At the part of the groove 20 opposite side of the thickening 22 this has a sloping flank 24 on.

Through the two adjoining part-grooves 20 forms along the butt joint 18 in composite modules 12 a total groove 26 (please refer 1 ), which is twice as wide as the partial groove 20 , The overall groove 26 and later explained in more detail later backfilling the Gesamtnut 26 with concrete, mortar or other material that can absorb the corresponding forces, serves with the thickening 22 a frictional connection between the two juxtaposed modules 12 , The way the connection is now based on the 3 to 6 explained.

How out 3 it can be seen has the partial bottom plate 14 unlike the side walls 16a and 16c thickening 22 ' on the outside of the part base plate 14 , The thickenings 22 ' serve - as well as the thickening 22 at the side walls 16a and 16c a partial basement wall 16 - greater stability, especially when connecting the two modules 12 , or to initiate and record when connecting two modules 12 arising connection forces. They are therefore on the outside of the sub-base plate 14 , so that the basement floor after assembling the ready-made cellar 10 has no bumps ("trip threshold"), but is flat or smooth, and to facilitate the production and reduce costs, since the thermal insulation can be used at the same time for shuttering. The type of connection of the two modules 12 However, regardless of whether it is the connection of the partial floor panels 14 or the side walls 16a and 16c acts, in principle identical. The principle will now be based on the connection of the partial floor panels 14 with the help of 3 and 5 explained in more detail.

By merging the two modules 12 forms, as mentioned above, from the two sub-grooves 20 the overall groove 26 , In the overall groove 26 During assembly, a connecting element is used, in the present case as a U-shaped turnbuckle 30 is trained. The turnbuckle 30 connects both modules 12 non-positively with each other. As a turnbuckle 30 Is suitable, for example, a version with two acting in the opposite direction screws 32 working together on a U-steel 34 on or intervene and each in appropriately trained anchor 36 in the part floor plates 14 be screwed. The anchor 36 can in the partial bottom plate 14 glued, but is preferably embedded in this in their manufacture. Part of the anchor 36 is in a to 5 orthogonal plane wavy or otherwise bent (see 6 ). About the inside of the prefabricated cellar 10 pointing opening of the overall groove 26 and also to the inside of the cellar 10 pointing opening of the U-steel 34 can the screws 32 be pressed during assembly. For moisture sealing is between the mutually facing edges of the two modules 12 a compression seal 38 arranged ( 5 ).

To the two modules 12 connecting to each other are longitudinal to the joint 18 anchor at predetermined intervals 36 in the modules 12 arranged, which in the manner just described by turnbuckles 30 get connected.

10 shows an alternative module. Here and below applies that functionally equivalent components and areas bear the same reference numerals as above. The module 12 from 10 has a triangular part base plate 14 and a partial basement wall 16 made up of two mutually and partially floor slab 14 orthogonal side walls 16a and 16c consists.

11 shows another alternative module 12 , The module 12 from 11 has a semi-circular part base plate 14 and a partial basement wall 16 , which consists of half a cylinder jacket.

Claims (11)

Prefabricated cellar ( 10 ), characterized in that it consists essentially of at least two modules prefabricated outside a construction site and assembled on the construction site ( 12 ), each module ( 12 ) at least one partial base plate ( 14 ) and a part-basement wall ( 16 ). Prefabricated cellar ( 10 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the modules ( 12 ) are identical. Prefabricated cellar ( 10 ) according to claim 2, characterized in that it consists essentially of two modules ( 12 ), each having a rectangular sub-base plate ( 14 ) and a partial cellar wall ( 16 ), which consists of three to the partial bottom plate ( 14 ) orthogonal side walls ( 16a -C). Prefabricated cellar ( 10 ) according to claim 2, characterized in that it consists essentially of two modules ( 12 ), each having a triangular sub-base plate ( 14 ) and a partial cellar wall ( 16 ), which consist of two to the partial bottom plate ( 14 ) orthogonal side walls ( 16a . 16c ). Prefabricated cellar ( 10 ) according to claim 2, characterized in that it consists essentially of two modules ( 12 ), each having an at least approximately semicircular part base plate ( 14 ) and a partial cellar wall ( 16 ), which consists of half a cylinder shell, include. Prefabricated cellar ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the partial base plate ( 14 ) and the partial basement wall ( 16 ) of a module ( 12 ) on one of the other modules ( 12 ) facing edge in each case a partial groove ( 20 ), wherein two partial grooves in two composite modules ( 12 ) an overall groove ( 26 ) into which a connecting device, for example a turnbuckle ( 30 ), both modules ( 12 ) connects non-positively with each other. Prefabricated cellar ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall thickness of a partial basement wall ( 16 ) and / or a partial base plate ( 14 ) is larger in an edge region facing the other partial basement wall or partial baseboard than outside this edge region. Prefabricated cellar ( 10 ) according to claim 7, characterized in that the enlargement of the wall thickness in a partial basement wall ( 16 ) by a thickening ( 22 ) preferably on the inside thereof, alternatively on the outside thereof, and in a partial bottom plate ( 14 ) by a thickening ( 22 ' ) is realized on the outside thereof. Prefabricated cellar ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the mutually facing edges of two modules ( 12 ) a compression seal ( 38 ) is arranged. Prefabricated cellar ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the partial basement wall ( 16 ) and / or the partial base plate ( 14 ) outside (alternatively: inside) a preferably pressure and shear resistant thermal insulation ( 17 ) having. Prefabricated cellar module ( 12 ), characterized in that at least two assembled prefabricated cellar modules ( 12 ) a prefabricated cellar ( 10 ) according to claims 1 to 10, wherein each module ( 12 ) at least one partial base plate ( 14 ) and a part-basement wall ( 16 ).

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