DE2004914A1 - Process for the production of buildings and construction elements for the implementation of the process - Google Patents

Description

B. C. TI BUREAU / DE COORDINATION DE
TRAVAUX 'INDUSTRIALISES, SARL
PARIS

Process for the manufacture of buildings and structural elements for the implementation of the "procedure" ■ '"".,

The invention relates to a method for producing buildings and structural elements for carrying out the same Procedure to the subject. '"

For constructions based on the use of prefabricated panels based, have difficulties which already arise during the construction of the first floor, .which .generally the basement of the Bali factory. *

In particular, in the case of constructions for residential purposes, the first floor has so far been manufactured with comparatively large installation tolerances, which are not compatible with the intended aim _P

Actually due ühzureichender accuracy at Ner list of flattening in certain extreme cases, * and especially in constructions of large liänge ago & üßgesteiit that serious difficulties had to be noted against uer planning "

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Due to this fact, such errors affect the cost, because repairs and Setup corrections are required.

The primary aim of the invention is to prevent such shortcomings and proposes to do so a method and components for the implementation of the method, which lead to an essential Reduction of the time required for monitoring and completion on the construction site.

According to the invention, the method for producing a building from prefabricated support plates with at least One storey is characterized by the fact that the foundation is initially a reinforced concrete base, which is accordingly the resilience of the rsodens is calculated, that then a large number of bases on the foundation are distributed, which are set up for the guidance, centering and support of the support plates that then the support plates are inserted into the base in a vertical position and connected to them at points, whereupon the support plates are provisionally joined together, the bases by concreting longitudinal beams or a covering and finally the final connections between the support plates by filling the cavities left free at the joints are made with concrete.

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The invention also makes components available for performing the aforementioned method;

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one of these components are the sockets, which are called. Concrete blocks of a general cuboid shape are whose side surfaces are inclined while a surface with depressions in the form of a U with it The thighs dilate at the top to form a Ensure guidance of the plates while the base of the wells forms a support surface in which holes are incorporated for centering pins; the centering pins are intended to be in corresponding holes on the lower edge of the panels to intervene. .

It follows that the installation of the plates on the pedestals is compulsory. It remains therefore only to ensure that the socket on the concrete foundation take the exact position. For this purpose, the invention provides for the use of metal struts of different but predetermined lengths, which enable the position of each base to be determined with great accuracy in accordance with the desired arrangement. ^ι . _

After doing this the exact location of the socket and on the other hand, the guidance and the connection of the 'support plates on the base are realized by means of pins are, we get 'elne-length' ^ for the plates which exactly corresponds to the required position.

, 0 00637/1341 ..; /. ".

According to another peculiarity of the liirfindun ;;: Temporary fasteners are provided that connect the various support plates of the Connect the front wall, the gable and the partition walls to one another. These fasteners consist of tenons, which are attached to the ends of a correspondingly designed plate and the Connection of two adjacent panels, of two panels and a partition panel or for connection serve of four star-shaped converging plates α. For attaching the connecting elements the panels must have recesses or bores on their upper edges.

A further special feature of the invention are the side edges of the plates are equipped with a groove for the axial insertion of a seal, which closes the gap between two adjacent plates .j such a seal, which preferably consists of a tubular body, has a general cross-section ™ elliptical shape, which extends in the direction of the major axis in elastic-deformable lips and along the small Axis runs out in ribs, which are received in the aforementioned grooves.

The measures according to the invention are multiple Respect advantageous; they allow a considerable saving of time, they prevent errors and enable

009837/1347

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it is possible to obtain pr & table finished outdoor areas, due to the fact that the Slabs only create gaps that can be easily moved, for example seal with adhesive tape or the like permit. ■ '■ -.' ■. '

Further special features and advantages of the invention emerge from the following description of the representations in the drawing; in the drawing shows:

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Fig. 1 the. perspective view of an ent-. .,,

- speaking of the invention. , · Building, - - ■

Fig. 2 shows a representation of the foundation production,

Fig »3 in a perspective view the Auf-. put a plinth of the foundation, ■

'Tig.' 4 one of the figures:; j; 3 looks at it, Fig. 5 is a sectional view along line V-V of

·:; ^f; "Fig. K, ■ ■■ ··";■■; . - ■. ■ ■■■■ ■ ■ ■ ·

6-9 show the top view of different

Base forms, in which: a ^production: Gebiudes · are usable, ·. ; ■ '. ·· ■■ ".-; .-. ■ r -. _R , ._-

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10 shows the perspective illustration of a possible embodiment of the support plate

11 is an enlarged partial view of the point indicated at A in FIG. 10;

12 shows the perspective illustration of a construction phase of the support plates,

13 shows the representation, on a larger scale, of a horizontal section along line SIII-XIII of FIG. 12,

FIG. 14 shows a side view corresponding to FIG. 13 with partial sectional view,

15 shows a perspective illustration of the provisional assembly of the plates and the representation of the adjacent panels above,

Figures 16 and 17 are perspective views of two forms of the provisional Liaison bodies,

18 shows a horizontal section along the line XVIII-XVIII of FIG. 1 showing one between two consecutive ones Plates inserted gasket,

009837/134?

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Fig. 19 shows the representation of a vertical partial section and a bandage between two support plates lying one on top of the other.

In the multi-piece building shown in Figure 1, the base is generally designated 10; A basement floor 11 and upper floors 12, which are closed off by a flat roof 13, rest on this base. The whole building is composed of ^: prefabricated heavy concrete panels. The main supporting elements are the partition walls, the panels. . -M the facade, the gable walls, from the base to the "roof." ■

According to the invention, that is better from FIG. 2 recognizable foundation from a surface 15 or a Threshold made of coarse concrete, as well as pedestals in the form of cuboids 16, which are used to accommodate the slabs of the basement shown in dash-dotted lines 17 are established.

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Difc base (Fig. 3 to 5) are made of concrete blocks whose side surfaces are tapered 18 upwardly to the shaping of same to allow ₀ The Sakel have a base 19 and an upper Flächte The upper surface 20 of the blocks are intended to limit the To enable means for guiding, centering and temporary joining of the support plates.

009837/1347 * αο original

For this purpose, the upper lilac surface Γ.0 with Provided indentations that correspond to the respective jjedari are adapted.

From Fig. 3 Ms 5 it can also be seen that the base, which is intended for installation on the edge of the building "and in addition to two support plates of the basement has to increase a vertical partition plate. in the In section, the depression is delimited by the sides 22 and a basin 55. The side face, which extend to a suitable depth, form a slope, that of that of the side surfaces runs in the opposite direction, while the base surface 55 contains Zapfenbohrunrjen, namely in the illustrated Example four holes 24 to 27.

Due to the upward expansion, the side surfaces of the recess form the guide means for the support plates, while the base surface as

"Support level is used.

It is easy to understand that one type of base cannot get by and that accordingly different ones Embodiments are envisaged to make sockets available that fit the various connection points and are also suitable for the joints several support plates to take into account.

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as can be seen from FIG. 6, the base 16 is which, in terms of its general shape, corresponds to the base already discussed, with two recesses 30, 31 provided, which in the middle under: cross a right angle; in both of these cases the depressions at the base surface a width which corresponds to the thickness of the support plate 1, shown in dash-dotted lines Lines is shown} also holes -32 are provided, the purpose of which will be explained below.

According to FIG. 7, the base is intended to be used by two plates P., which run in the same alignment and also to accommodate two plates P ₂ in the space between which an expandable filling is to be introduced. For this purpose, the base has two depressions 33, 34 in a T-shape, the recess 33 being essentially twice as wide as the other, and having bores 35, while the other recess 34 is equipped with bores 36.

Fig. 8 is the base 16 with two intersecting Wells 40, 41 equipped with rows of bores 42, ″ 43; one of the depressions, namely depression 40, has a width which is approximately twice as large as that of the other recess.

The © illustrated in Figure ₄ 9 base untersoheicist outwardly generally not f on the already

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explained sockets with two displacements, denoted in Fig. 9 with 44 and ko sL ·,., ..

In all cases, hooks 46 are provided in the .'J ο disgusts, which during manufacture the possibility of easy handling by means of not shown enable facilities.

It can also be seen that in all embodiments the side surfaces of the base are tapered and thereby facilitate the shaping.

In addition, it may be useful to provide reinforcements 48, which protrude from the surfaces, as can be seen, for example, from FIGS. 3 to 5.

The bases produced in this way are therefore suitable for forming the supports for supporting panels, both for panels of the facade, panels for partition walls or gable panels,

The installation of the base must be done with great accuracy; it is therefore provided according to FIGS. 2 to 5, the attachment of connecting pieces 50 which are composed of a tube 51 with plates provided with a hole 53 and welded to both ends. It is understandable that the length of the connecting pieces must be determined in advance,

¹ ^ 009837/1147 bad original

The installation of the base on the base plate T5 happens in the following way: One begins with the Installation of a single base, which serves as a base; then takes place with the help of the. Connectors, which run crosswise, the setting up of the other pedestals, their precise setting very much is relieved. If a pin 55 is inserted into a predetermined bore of each of the sockets, which is used for Receiving one end of the connecting members 50 is intended.

After having erected a limited number of pedestals and take a precise mutual position the connecting organs are removed and used to set up additional bases, with their correct position in turn by the connecting pieces is guaranteed.

With. Using this procedure, you can very quickly find the Carry out the installation of a large number of bases while observing very tight tolerances, namely thanks to the fact that the bearing points for the socket are fixed with the help of mechanical means. Thereafter v / remove the connecting elements and then the tenons, and you can then start with the installation of the prefabricated concrete slabs begin.

A ground floor slab of rectangular shape is in Fig. 10 is shown; the plate has a surface 57

009837/1547 ^8AD

provided, which v / eist outwards and with an inner Surface 58 from which three sides are set back with respect to surface 57.

The upper and lower sides 59 and 60 in this way form the support surfaces for the plates. The upper side is provided near the side surfaces with heel supports 61 which protrude; In addition, nandhandungshaken- 62 and α bores 63 are provided, which are close to the heels, while the lower side is equipped with bores 64 symmetrical to the bores 63. The side surfaces 65 and. 66 are provided with recesses, which are illustrated at 67 while the ends of a reinforcement 68 preferably protrude on all four sides in order to produce a bond between the plates, as will be explained further below.

As can be seen from Fig. 4, the recesses 67 are incorporated into the side surfaces 65 and 66 and form one on either side of a vertex line 69 Recess 70, 71 of the general shape of an irregular pyramid. Each of the wells has Areas 72, 73 which form support points in a vertical plane.

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For the purpose of setting up the panels on the plinths - · the latter equipped with pin 74 (Fig. 13 and 14), which are inserted into the bores of those bases' which are in.der near the edges, ■ In the illustrated embodiment, the Ground floor panels 17, 17 A, 17 B the front * the gable and a partition. All of these records rest on pedestals that have T-shaped indentations are equipped, as is also the case with the bases Fig. 3 to 5 is the case. Accordingly, in the \

Bores 24, 26, 27 pins for the formation of connection "

connection node between partition panels ,, inserted _? . \ ^ ___ ...., - while only the bores 26 and 27 are equipped with tenons for the formation of nodes of the gable. -.

In order to facilitate the Aufstellung.der.Platten pins are provided with differently large length so that the plates are placed initially ^ Hur-on-a pin which serves as a pivot pin with respect to the other pin _ m.

! ■ laugh formation of a connection knot on the gable (left Part of FIGS. 3 and 14) or after forming an intermediate node (right part of FIGS. 13 and 14), the upper parts of the walls 17, 17 A, 17 B are temporarily connected to each other »

BAD ORIGINAL

This temporarily? . The connection of the plates is off Fig. 15 can be seen; ixe connection takes place with the help of metal organs egg-shaped organs, which are generally designated by 75, 76 and whose iorm is adapted to the respective connection node.

In the temporary connection of the gable plates 17, 17 A, the connecting element consists of a strip iron 77 in angled shape, at the ends of which tubular pins 73 are welded, one of their ends engaging in the bores 65 provided on the upper edge of the plates.

For connecting Fronx wall panels 17 with a Partition plate 17B is; the connecting element is equipped with two arms 80, 81 which are joined together in a T-shape, at the ends of which tubular pins 82 are attached, as in the previous case, which in Engage holes 63 of the plates.

In the case where only two panels are to be temporarily connected to one another, a simple connecting element 84 according to FIG. 16, ie a simple iron band 85, with tubular pins 86 attached to the ends; in the case where a connecting knot has to be made between four plates, a connecting element 87 according to FIG. 17 is used, which is composed essentially of two simple strips 84, 84 A which cross each other at 90 °.

009837/1147 bad original

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The various forms of temporary increase Using connecting elements are provided in Fig. In which a temporary connection of four partition panels 17 B using '■ < a connector 87 is illustrated; in the same figure is the connection of two front wall panels 17 with a partition wall panel 17B shown using a connector 75; after all is the connection of Gable panels using a connecting

■■ '■■' ■ organs 76 illustrated. '

If the structure of the building is in accordance with the Representation in Fig. 15 is performed, the Floor plates 90 or, if necessary, further plates of the basement on the tenons 91, attached of different lengths; these Pins are in the vertical bores 93 of the Heel parts 61 inserted; Then the

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said plates temporarily connected to one another at their upper end, namely by means of Liaison bodies of the type described.

The upper part of Unterteilungswaiidplatten and the remote edges of the front wall plates form support surfaces for the bars 94, 95 which have a circumferential shoulder 96, on which are mounted at selected locations paragraphs 97 ₀

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As can be seen, the doors are equipped with organs which enable connection to the partition wall panels; these liaison bodies are preferably made of curved hairpin Iron 95, which on the one hand to facilitate the Handling serve and on the other hand tap 99 unii'assen, the holes in the subdivision r; wall-flatten 17 '> ■ used sine *.

The walls and the drifts are precisely (Kk: fixed; after their temporary connection they delimit voids for the final connection by filling in concrete.

There are three types of r.ohlrMumen, and zwc.r a first r..cavity C ^, which the vertical cpalt between two outer wall or gable 'Vimd-rictten corresponds; a second cavity C .., he between;: \; ci

egg

Wall plaques and dci-i eiitcn, lying one on top of the other ^ corresponds to the iianc des ... alkens; and a third

cavity C- ^, from the ab-ccsctztcii kändermon to ei j

opposite Gii jalken is limited.

The iiohli'äumc are pre-determined in the .veisc, that in the case of the division: äcv final connection the filled-in.

1 ' ¹ Ur the Absciiluß and for the sealing are three IJittol before, ";oi.". Rb (Ui: sie l'cctcUcn cln' ^ 'cciic- nur · kicbcbäiHa-.t.'n 1 (. ¹ O ( iL. 13 to Ί ;. ¹ ) »where there is a column

O09Ö37 / 1347 bad original

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the butt seams "of the" plates-close -, - "on the other hand" made of inlays 101- treated with hard asphalt, which are inserted in the "yerbinaungs level of the plates" (Fig. 19), finally from sealing inserts 105, which in the are inserted between the side edges of the plates 17, 17 A and will be described in more detail below should be. ■ ■ - ,. . "" ■; ■ "· _.

Once this stage of construction is reached, concrete is poured into de riohlräume, whereby thanks to the reinforcing rods .the disks and the ensures reliable permanent connection into the cavities Üneinragen, a M "On the other hand, to the Längskanteh 65, 66 provided recesses 6? filled with concrete, after which the plates are set in their plane after hardening, with slight displacements remaining possible thanks to the support surfaces 72, 73 of the pyramid-shaped recesses.

As can be seen from Fig. 13, the hollow ^ spaces protruding reinforcements hairpin shape t] 06 or obtained some other shape and otherwise consist of the ends 68 of the plate reinforcing rods.

It is advisable to put the concrete through before empathizing insert the upper part of iron 108.

18 illustrates a horizontal section through which lowers? real seal between two panels

009837/1347

The surfaces 110 of the side edges 6 ?, υο egg plates 17 are equipped with grooves .111 which extend over the entire height of the plate; these grooves can preferably be provided in I-inserts 112, which are inserted during the manufacture of the panels and "ü-Proi'il have. On the Andes the U-Scherikel there are mutually facing wedge-shaped lugs

The grooves formed in this way with reduced inlet openings serve to define tubular sealing inserts 105 which are inserted from above between the plates; these Dicleitungseins'itze have a generally elliptical cross-sectional shape. Are attached to the facing in the direction of the major axis ends of lips 115, 116 attached, while the outer walls of the ribs 117, 113 bear in the direction of the minor axis, the profile of which is adapted to the limited by the projections 113 inlet openings of the grooves 111th

After the seal has been simply attached, it can, thanks to its flexibility, be subject to any changes equalize the gap width.

According to the particularity shown in Fig. 19, the upper and lower parts of the plates form on the outside a complementary profile

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upper part; the lower plate 17 engages in the lower part of the tier wall plate 90} and its surface is covered with a sealing coating 120 provided.; - Beyond that he is in the direction of to the outer wall surface with a sealing insert 121 equipped which extends in the horizontal direction. .

These measures prevent the entry of * water and wind in the spaces between the panels; leading

for effective protection of the insulation inserts 122, m

which are inserted in-the-plates.

The invention is not limited to those described and illustrated embodiments limited; rather, they can undergo manifold changes without thereby deviating from the invention. In particular, the invention can be used to create of buildings using prefabricated panels Find use that only have one floorj also it would be possible to assemble the base or blocks from two or more parts each; the socket can also be made of both concrete and metal.

BATHROOM OBIGINAL

009837/1347 ... &.

Claims (10)

Claims 2 OOA 91 4 1 ^ / method of making buildings from prefabricated Support plates with at least one storey, characterized in that the foundation is a reinforced concrete base (15), which is calculated according to the load-bearing capacity of the floor, is produced that then a plurality of bases (16) are distributed on the foundation, which are used for guidance, centering and support the support plates (17) are set up so that the support plates (17) are then in a vertical position in the base (16) are inserted and connected to the same point by point, whereupon the support plates are provisionally joined together, the plinth is set by concreting longitudinal beams or a covering, and finally the final connections between the support plates by filling those left free at the joints Cavities are made with concrete. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that W the base (16) by means of prepared metal struts (50) be aligned with reference to position and distance, 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the temporary ZusaramenfUgung the support plates (17) by means of metallic or shaped connectors (75, 76, 84, 87), which are in a stepped edge on the upper end of the plates can be used. 009837/1347 4. Socket for use "in the method according to -." -. ' Claim 1, 2 or 3y characterized by its: 'Formation-as a' block or cube a floor support surface (33) for support plates (17) and by upwardly widening '-'.- ■■ side surfaces (22) for the plate guide, each floor support surface having one or more bores (24-26) in predetermined Position, - the for inclusion of in the plate edge. - _: ". let tenons (74) serve,; /. -", "" - 5. Base for use in the method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized by its design as a block or cube (16) for the reception of two, three ο the more support plates (17) and expediently with-its equipment from the - ■■■ '"''.■■"■■■' ■■■. ■: ■ ■ "* —- - = ■ ---:.: ^ .. ^ .:" ■ ■■ " M ■ '". Side walls of the protruding reinforcement (48), ^ ^ 6. Basement support plate for use with the Method according to claim 1, 2, or 3 »characterized in that the support pair (17) is attached to it Bottom edge holes (64) for receiving Has socket pins, while on the upper edge except for the holes provided inJlbsätze ("61) the amfnahroe of cones (91> 92) different ORIGINAL Length for centering an overlying plate, Holes (63) near the side edge egg plate for the inclusion of temporary connecting organs are provided. 7. Support plate for use in the method according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized by their design with an upper edge that is offset on one side in this way, that when they are put together ^; with further plates at the same time support surfaces for floor and ceiling ^ sluggish and limited cavities (C1, C2, C3) are formed v / earth into which the ends of the reinforcements protrude and after sealing their gaps by means of inserts, toilet tapes or the like. For the production of the permanent ones Serve connection. 8. Means for the preparation of temporary compounds for use in the method of claims 1, 2 or 3 »characterized by their design as brackets (75, 76, 84, 87) with the band iron (77, 80, ^ 81, 85, 84) attached pins (78, 32, 86), the straight shape for the connection of panels lying in the same plane, for the connection of panels at gable corners (angular form), for the connection of two outer wall panels with a partition panel T. -Form and ₄ have star shape for connecting four panels. 9. Seal for vertical gaps between adjacent support plates for use in the method of FIG Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized by an expediently tubular shape over the entire height of the support plates 009837/1347 ^ ^BATH ; / ■■; ■■■■■ ■■■■■; "."; - ψ - sicii extensive use of elliptical cross-section, which in the direction of the major axis in elastically deformable lips and in the direction of the minor axis terminates in ribs, which in lateral Beware of the plates intervene. 10. Support plate for basement or floor for use "in the method according to claim 1,2 or 3, characterized in that the plate ■ at their lateral edges a plurality of recesses (67) for the subsequent production '■ m of anchoring points on finished building, each of which is divided into two pockets (70, 71) in the shape of pyramids by a vertex (69) ", 009837 / T 3 47 Blank page