DE102017009495B3 - separating device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (1) for separating feed material (2), with a plurality of rotational elements (3) designed in particular as worm shafts, wherein the rotation elements (3) form a deck (4). According to the invention, at least one further rotation element (5) designed in particular as a worm shaft is arranged underneath the rotating elements (3) forming the deck (4) and the further rotation element (5) for cleaning an intermediate space (6) between two directly adjacent rotation elements (3) of the deck (4) is provided.

Description

The invention relates to a device for separating feed, with a plurality of rotation elements, wherein the rotation elements form a deck.

The invention particularly relates to the technical field of sorting and / or classification of feedstock, especially in the field of waste separation. A clean or sufficiently accurate separation of the feedstock into different fractions makes it possible to use different fractions of the feedstock directly or to be able to supply different aftertreatment processes. Thus, for example, large and / or elongated parts of smaller particles or components of the feed can be separated.

In the context of the invention, the term "separating" includes both classifying and sorting. Classification is to be understood as meaning a mechanical separation process for solid mixtures, wherein different geometric features, for example the size, are utilized for the separation process. In this case, a division u.a. in coarse and fine material. In this context, sorting is understood as meaning a mechanical separation process in which a solid mixture having different physical characteristics is divided into fractions having the same material characteristics. For example, the density, color, shape and wettability or magnetizability of the feed material are suitable for sorting. Accordingly, the term separation in the present invention includes a separation of the feed material, so that a division into different fractions can take place. In most cases, this separation or separation is used for the treatment of recycled material or for the classification of at least substantially solid material.

From the EP 1 570 919 B1 a device for sorting substantially solid material is known, wherein in the device disclosed therein so-called spiral rollers rotate about their longitudinal axes and wherein the spiral rollers are arranged parallel to each other in approximately one plane. The spiral rollers are mounted only on one side and engage each other and have the same direction of rotation. A feeding of the feed takes place laterally to the longitudinal axes of the spiral rollers. The in the EP 1 570 919 B1 The disclosed apparatus is designed to separate the materials to be sorted into two fractions into a long fraction and a cubic fraction above the spiral rolls. In the EP 1 570 919 B1 is therefore provided that the one-sided storage is used for separation into at least two fractions above the spiral rollers. A third fraction may be deposited below the spiral rolls, wherein the third fraction may comprise, for example, the fines of the feedstock. In connection with the sorting or separation of waste, earth or loam can serve as fine material. A discharge of at least one fraction above the spiral rollers can take place via the open side of the spiral rollers, since they are only held on one side.

A disadvantage of the above-mentioned device for separating is that depending on the feed material, worm shafts may become dirty, in particular the worm shafts provided at the start and / or end of the deck. Especially in the case of feeding goods that are prone to winding, such as plastic belts, long film parts or the like, adhesion of the feed material to the outside of the screw shafts can not be prevented. This can lead to malfunctions during operation or even damage to the device.

The DE 198 25 340 C2 relates to a screen disk unit with a plurality of screen disk shafts, wherein a cleaning unit, which is designed as a cleaning comb, below the disk unit, is located.

The object of the present invention is to provide a device for separating, which ensures cleaning of the rotating elements and / or safely removes the elongated feed, such as long films and / or long plastic belts.

The above object is achieved in a device for separating the above-mentioned type in that below the deck forming rotation elements at least one further rotation element is arranged and that the further rotation element is provided for cleaning a gap between two immediately adjacent rotation elements of the deck.

The embodiment according to the invention makes it possible for the unwanted winding, in particular of long film parts and / or film strips, to be avoided or to be loosened or wound up from the respective rotating element. The further rotation element thus acts as a cleaning rotation element, which is arranged below the rotation elements and thus below the deck. Characterized in that the further rotation element in the intermediate space, and in particular centrally, is provided between two immediately adjacent rotation elements of the deck, the further rotation element can engage in the working space of the rotation elements, and thus solve any wound-Aufgabegut of the respective rotation elements.

In connection with the invention, it has been recognized that self-cleaning of the deck, and indeed of the first and last rotation elements in the conveying direction, is possible by using further rotation elements. This ultimately leads to the fact that it no longer comes to operating stoppages due to necessary cleaning operations or by eliminating damage caused by wound up Aufgabegut especially on the outer rotation elements. As a result, at the same time the working efficiency of the device according to the invention is significantly increased because downtime can be avoided by complex cleaning and maintenance. In particular, the invention ensures that the cleaning in particular of the outer rotation elements no longer has to be done manually by the operating personnel, but ultimately takes place automatically by the further rotation elements. As a result, the operating efficiency of the device is increased by up to 30% by the invention.

Preferably, the rotation element and / or the further rotation element is designed as a worm shaft.

The top of the deck is used for giving up and conveying the feed. As a feed material very heterogeneous feed material can be provided, in particular waste, in particular with a wide variety of composition, and / or residual waste, rubble, demolition material from the demolition of buildings and / or facilities and / or material from the field of landfill remediation and / or from the forest area.

At least one further rotation element is arranged on the underside of the deck. The length of the further rotation element preferably corresponds to the length of the rotation elements, so that the further rotation element can preferably engage along the entire gap between two immediately adjacent rotation elements.

In addition, the further cleaning roller - the further rotation element - enables the removal of elongated, long feed material, which in particular tends to wrap around the rotation elements and / or to adhere to the rotation elements. If elongate feed material wraps around a rotating element and / or adheres adhering material to rotational elements, the further rotation element can selectively intervene in the intermediate space between two directly adjacent rotational elements in which, in particular, an elongate and / or adhering feedstock may have settled. Accordingly, this feed material can be released from the respective rotation element and then conveyed away. Consequently, the further rotation element increases the safety, the operating time and the system efficiency of the device according to the invention, since stoppages due to a wrapping with elongated and / or adhering feed material or a blockage by the feed material can be at least substantially prevented and / or the frequency of such an accident can be significantly reduced.

Preferably, the further rotation element is arranged centrally between and below two immediately adjacent rotation elements. If the further rotation element is designed as a worm shaft, it can engage with its helix in the working space of the immediately adjacent rotation elements. To increase the self-cleaning effect, the clear distance between the outer edge of the spiral of the further rotation element and the core tube of the immediately adjacent rotation element can be selected as low as possible, so that the self-cleaning process can be carried out in a goal-directed and purpose-directed manner.

The width of the deck may correspond to the length of the rotation elements, wherein it may be provided that the rotation elements have at least substantially the same length.

The length of the deck can be selected as a function of the number of rotation elements and their respective outer diameters, wherein the length can be adapted according to the feed material and the desired delivery result.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the further rotation element in the region below the deck can protrude into the region between the first and the second rotation element. It is provided in particular that the further rotation element engages in the working space and / or in the intermediate space between the first and the second rotation element. Additionally or alternatively, it can be provided that the further rotation element protrudes in the region below the deck into the region between the penultimate and the last rotation element. The further rotation element can engage in the intermediate space and / or the working space between the penultimate and the last rotation element. The arrangement of the rotation elements is understood to mean that the first rotation element can be arranged at the beginning of the task of the feed material and that the last rotation element can be arranged in the region of a possible discharge transverse to the longitudinal axes of the rotation elements. Accordingly, the ascending numbering of the rotary elements in the conveying direction may result.

The aforementioned embodiment lends itself in particular to the fact that, when the invention has been established, it has been found that the outer rotational elements are being clogged, whereas this effect does not occur in the rotational elements of the deck arranged between the outer rotational elements. The reason for this is that central rotation elements are each adjacent to two rotation elements, so that it is ensured in the central rotation elements that the respective helices engage in the respectively associated working space or the space between the rotation elements and in this way an accumulation of feed material avoid and / or dispose of feed material accordingly. This is not the case with the outer, ie the first and the last rotation element of the deck, since in each case only one rotation element is adjacent to the first and the last rotation element. By the first and / or the last rotation element associated further rotation element, which does not belong to the deck and is not in the ceiling level, the self-cleaning effect of the outer rotation elements and thus the entire separation device is improved.

The conveying direction extends obliquely and / or transversely to the axes of rotation and / or to the longitudinal axes of the rotary elements, that is, the conveying direction may extend obliquely and / or transversely to the respective axes of rotation. In this context, it does not necessarily have to be provided that the conveying direction extends at a 90 ° angle to the axes of rotation.

When separating into more than one fraction, further conveying directions can also result, for example a further conveying direction directed towards the underside of the deck, so that this fine grain fraction can be dropped into the space between adjacent rotating elements below the deck along the further conveying direction ,

A further conveying direction may also be arranged obliquely and / or transversely to the conveying direction for conveying a third oversize fraction.

Finally, it is understood that the first rotation element at the beginning of the task of the feed material and the second rotation element in the conveying direction can be arranged below the first rotation element. The aforementioned numbering also applies to the rotation elements of the deck adjoining the second rotation element.

The rotation elements of the deck can be arranged in a common, straight plane and accordingly form an at least substantially straight deck to the top task of the feed. Furthermore, it can also be provided in principle that the rotation elements are arranged in a curved separation surface, wherein at least three rotation elements are not arranged in a common plane. A curvature can in particular be provided at the end of the deck. In the case of a cover surface curved at the end, for example, a separation may be provided such that a discharge takes place in the direction of the longitudinal axis and / or in the direction of the axis of rotation of the rotary elements, but a discharge in the conveying direction of the rotary elements does not have to take place.

In addition, it is provided according to a preferred embodiment of the inventive idea that at least two rotational elements have the same direction of rotation. Preferably, all the rotation elements have the same direction of rotation, so that there is a conveying direction extending obliquely and / or transversely to the axes of rotation of the respective rotation elements.

If all the rotation elements have the same direction of rotation, at least a fraction of the feed material is dropped over the last rotation element. The discharge can ultimately take place at the last rotation element transversely and / or obliquely to the longitudinal axis or axis of rotation of the last rotation element.

If the feed material is not to be dropped obliquely and / or transversely to the axis of rotation of the last rotation element, different rotational senses can be provided with immediately adjacent rotation elements, so that the feed dwells a longer period of time on the top of the deck and optionally through the deck - as fine grain -Fraction - fall between the rotating elements as well as above the deck in the direction of rotation - as an oversize fraction - can be dropped.

Preferably, the further rotation element has the same direction of rotation as the immediately adjacent rotation element. Particularly preferably, the further rotation element has the same direction of rotation as both directly adjacent rotation elements. The efficiency of the self-cleaning can be increased if both the two immediately adjacent rotation elements, in the intermediate space of which the further rotation element engages, and the further rotation element have the same direction of rotation. The same direction of rotation is particularly advantageous for avoiding a collision or collision of the further rotation element to the immediately adjacent rotation element. When realizing the same direction of rotation can be a very large Outer surface of the immediately adjacent rotary member are cleaned and in particular are kept free of adhering to her and / or they wrap the feed material.

In a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the rotation element and / or the further rotation element has a core tube and a helix. The helix can spiral around the core tube. The helix is formed in particular web-shaped, wherein the distance between two immediately adjacent rotational elements from the outer edge of the helix to the core tube of the immediately adjacent rotary element is minimized, so that very good results of the self-cleaning process can be achieved. The aforementioned distance is preferably greater than 1 mm and in particular between 2 and 30 mm. Each individual value is possible between the two aforementioned values.

The coils of immediately adjacent rotation elements can each engage in the working space or the space between two immediately adjacent core tubes. In particular, the helix of the further rotation element engages in the space between two immediately adjacent rotation elements, so that in the space between the core tubes of the first and the second and / or the penultimate and the last rotation element preferably three coils are arranged, namely the respective Spiraling the immediately adjacent rotation elements and the helix of the further rotation element. Due to the spirally rotating coils of adjacent rotation elements and / or further rotation elements, a very large area of the outer, exposed areas of the core tube, which do not serve to arrange the helix, can be cleaned.

Preferably, the helices of immediately adjacent rotation elements and / or the helix of the further rotation element and the helix of at least one immediately adjacent rotation element interlock. By the intermeshing of the helices, the self-cleaning process can be ensured, wherein the helices can face each other and together, as explained above, can engage in the space between two immediately adjacent rotation elements. It is particularly preferred, even if the coils of directly adjacent rotation elements, which have no further rotation element on the underside, intermesh, so that undesired attachment of material or wrapping can be avoided.

In addition, according to a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the rotation elements and / or the at least one further rotation element are rotatably mounted on one side and / or on both sides in a holder. Both in the one-sided and in the two-sided storage of the invention essential advantages can be achieved, since the risk of clogging, in particular the outer rotation elements, with elongated feed material, such as plastic bands, or adhering feed material in both types of storage of the rotation elements is present, so that for both embodiments of the storage of the self-cleaning process of the separation device can be significantly improved by the further rotation element.

An advantage of the one-sided support and / or storage is that the cantilevered rotation elements a drop of a fraction in the direction of the rotation or longitudinal axes, that is transverse to the conveying direction, is made possible. The dropped over the free ends of the rotating elements fraction of the feedstock can not get into the range of a holder, so that damage to the device can be prevented by the ejection of the fraction. In a two-sided mounting and / or mounting of the rotation elements and / or the further rotation element, a discharge in the conveying direction and below the deck or through the deck may be provided therethrough. In this case, the rotational elements by the two-sided storage safely, even when possibly occurring during operation load peaks of the device according to the invention, are stored.

Finally, the storage and / or mounting of the rotation elements and / or the at least one further rotation element is provided such that the rotation elements and / or the at least one further rotation element can be held securely and can withstand high loads due to the feed material to be separated.

In a further preferred embodiment of the separation device according to the invention, the rotation elements and / or the at least one further rotation element are driven via a particular common drive device. Preferably, the rotation elements and the at least one further rotation element are connected to one another via a drive device. For connection, in particular a drive means for driving the rotation elements and the at least one further rotation element can be used. As drive means, for example, at least one roller chain can be provided. The roller chain can connect as drive means directly adjacent rotation elements and / or the further rotation element with immediately adjacent rotation elements.

To couple the roller chain with the respective rotation elements, these have a bearing journal on the end, on which there can be a coupling region, for example in the form of a toothed wheel or pinion. To drive the roller chain then engages in the one or more gears.

In addition, it is understood that a plurality of drive means may be provided, in particular wherein at least two immediately adjacent rotation elements and / or the further rotation element and at least one immediately adjacent rotation element may be interconnected via the drive means. As a result, at least two drive means can also engage a rotation element. Accordingly, two corresponding gears or pinions are then provided on the relevant journal of the rotary member. Incidentally, it is particularly preferable that two immediately adjacent rotation elements are connected to one another via a drive means. The further rotation element is preferably connected to the first and / or the last rotation element via a drive means.

The drive device and the drive means or the drive means are preferably designed such that a drive can be ensured at high loads of the separating device according to the invention. The drive means may ultimately be designed as a so-called drive chain. The drive means is in particular robust against contamination and can be coupled with the rotation elements in a form-fitting manner and, when the rotation elements are driven, even without slippage. The roller chains need not be biased and can also be easily shortened and lengthened, for example, when changing the length of the deck and / or the inclusion of additional rotation elements.

Furthermore, the rotation elements and the further rotation element can be designed at least substantially identical. This simplifies in particular spare parts inventory.

Furthermore, it is preferred if the helices of the rotary element and of the further rotary element have at least substantially the same web height. In particular, the helixes of the rotational elements adjacent to the further rotational element and the further rotational element have the same web height. As a result, the intermediate space between adjacent rotation elements or an outer rotation element and the further rotation element associated with the outer rotation element can be optimally cleaned. In this case, the distance of the immediately adjacent rotation elements and the further rotation element to the immediately adjacent rotation elements - as stated above - should be kept low. Preferably, this distance is between 1 to 30 mm, preferably between 1.5 and 10 mm, preferably between 2 to 6 mm, more preferably between 3 to 5 mm.

Furthermore, the outer diameter of the further rotation element and the outer diameter of the rotation elements which are directly adjacent to the further rotation element are preferably at least substantially equal. Thus, ultimately the same components can be used.

According to a further embodiment of the inventive concept, it is provided that the spacing of the rotational elements is designed to be adjustable relative to one another. In this context, the distance is understood to be, in particular, the clear distance between two directly adjacent rotation elements. The clear distance refers to the outer peripheral edge of the coil of a rotary element to the core tube of the immediately adjacent rotary element.

In addition, it is additionally or alternatively provided that the distance of the further rotation element to the immediately adjacent rotation element is adjustable. Preferably, the clearance, ie the distance from the outer edge of the spiral of a rotary element to the core tube of the immediately adjacent rotary element, is kept as low as possible. A small clearance allows a very good self-cleaning. Depending on the feed, however, the distance can be changed altogether. A change in the distance can be carried out, for example, manually by the operating personnel during an operating state. In particular, the position of the entire rotary element and / or the at least one further rotary element can be changed, preferably by dissolving the holder or mounting.

Furthermore, the drive device can be designed such that it drives the rotation elements and the at least one further rotation element at the same angular velocity. In particular, the angular velocity is the same for all rotational elements (and thus also for the further rotational element), so that a synchronous operation of all rotational elements results. This can - in combination with the same sense of rotation of the rotating elements - not only ensures safe operation of the separator, but also a very good separation result can be ensured. The synchronous angular velocity in combination with the identical construction of the rotation elements and the at least one further rotation element results in the greatest possible coverage of the Cleaning the exposed outsides of the core tubes of the rotating elements.

Incidentally, the rotation elements and the at least one further rotation element per 360 ° have at least substantially the same helix pitch. Due to the helical arrangement of the helix around the core tube and a spiral pitch, which has the same shape per 360 °, a symmetrical design of the rotational elements can be achieved, wherein preferably the core tubes have a constant diameter extending over the length of the rotational elements.

It is particularly preferred if the separating device is designed such that a separation into at least two fractions takes place. Thus it can be provided that a fine grain fraction can be dropped through the gap between two immediately adjacent rotation elements through the deck. Another fraction can be dropped in the conveying direction behind the last rotation element. In particular, in a one-sided storage and a third fraction can be dropped obliquely and / or transversely to the conveying direction in the direction of the axes of rotation and / or longitudinal axes of the rotating elements. In this case, less elongated parts of the feed material can be dropped in the further conveying direction of the third fraction. Elongated parts of the feed material can be dropped in the conveying direction. Those fractions or fractions which can / may be discarded above the deck can / can be referred to as oversize or as oversize fraction (s).

In addition, the deck can be designed to be adjustable both in its height and in its inclination.

Furthermore, a method for separating feed material is provided, wherein the feed material is placed on a deck formed by a plurality of rotation elements, in particular wherein the task is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the rotation elements. The feed material can be conveyed above the deck in a conveying direction extending obliquely and / or transversely to the axes of rotation of the rotating elements. According to the invention, a further rotation element arranged below the deck engages in the intermediate space between two directly adjacent rotation elements, in particular wherein the feed material, in particular the oversize fraction (s) of the feed material, is conveyed via the immediately adjacent rotation element pair.

The method is carried out in particular using a separating device according to the invention described above.

To avoid repetition, reference is made to the above statements on the separation device according to the invention. In the end, it goes without saying that the advantages and preferred embodiments described in connection with the device according to the invention can likewise be applied to the process for the separation of feedstock.

In addition, the use of the device according to the invention for the separation of feed material is provided, in particular wherein the device according to the invention is used in a self-cleaning mode of operation.

Further features, advantages and possible applications of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing and the drawing itself.

• 1 eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Trennvorrichtung,
• 2 eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Decks,
• 3 eine schematische Seitenansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Decks,
• 4 eine schematische Seitenansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Decks,
• 5 eine schematische Seitenansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Decks,
• 6 eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine erfindungsgemäße Trennvorrichtung,
• 7 eine schematische Seitenansicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Decks,
• 8 eine schematische Seitenansicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Decks,
• 9 eine schematische perspektivische Ansicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Decks,
• 10 eine schematische perspektivische Ansicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Teils eines erfindungsgemäßen Decks und
• 11 eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Decks.

It shows:

• 1 a schematic perspective view of a separating device according to the invention,
• 2 a schematic perspective view of a deck according to the invention,
• 3 a schematic side view of another embodiment of a deck according to the invention,
• 4 a schematic side view of another embodiment of a deck according to the invention,
• 5 a schematic side view of another embodiment of a deck according to the invention,
• 6 a schematic plan view of a separation device according to the invention,
• 7 a schematic side view of a further embodiment of a deck according to the invention,
• 8th a schematic side view of a further embodiment of a deck according to the invention,
• 9 a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of a deck according to the invention,
• 10 a schematic perspective view of a further embodiment of a portion of a deck according to the invention and
• 11 a schematic plan view of another embodiment of a deck according to the invention.

1 shows a device 1 for separating feed 2 , The device 1 has a plurality of rotation elements 3 on. The rotation elements 3 are formed in the illustrated embodiment as worm shafts. Worm shafts may be referred to as spiral rollers and / or spiral shafts. The rotation elements 3 form a deck 4 ,

The task of the input material 2 takes place, in particular by 6 shown on top of the through the rotation elements 3 formed decks 4 ,

Further shows 1 that under the deck 4 forming rotating elements 3 at least one further rotation element 5 is arranged. In the illustrated embodiments, the further rotation element 5 , also like the rotation element 3 formed as a worm shaft. The further rotation element 5 is for cleaning the gap 6 or the working space between two immediately adjacent rotation elements 3 of the deck 4 intended.

The further rotation element 5 can in an embodiment, not shown, of the separation device 1 to avoid wrapping of elongate feed 2 , such as a plastic band, be provided.

In addition, among others, the 1 . 2 and 6 that the width of the deck 4 the length of the rotating elements 3 may correspond, wherein in the illustrated embodiment, the rotation elements 3 at least substantially the same length. The length of the deck 4 depends on the number of rotating elements used 3 , the outer diameter of the rotating elements 3 and their distance 17 to each other.

The 3 to 5 show different possible arrangements of the further rotation element 5 below the deck 4 , So can the further rotation element 5 between the first rotation element 7 and the second rotation element 8, as in particular 5 shows, be arranged. The first rotation element 7 is in the illustrated embodiment following a loading device 20 arranged, as this particular 6 shows. The task of the input material 2 takes place on the deck 4 on or over the first rotation element 7 time. The second rotation element 8th closes in the conveying direction X to the first rotation element 7 at. The conveying direction X extends obliquely and / or transversely, in particular at right angles, to the longitudinal axes or axes of rotation of the rotation elements 3 ,

4 shows the arrangement of the further rotation element 5 below the - in the conveying direction X seen - last rotation element 10 and the penultimate rotation element 9 , The further rotation element 5 protrudes in the illustrated embodiment in the central region or the gap 6 the immediately adjacent rotation elements 9 . 10 , In the embodiment according to 3 engages another rotation element 5 in the gap 6 or the working space of the first rotary element 7 and the second rotation element 8th and another rotation element 5 in the gap 6 or work space between the last rotation element 10 and the penultimate rotation element 9 one. A drop of a fraction can transverse to the longitudinal axis of the last rotation element 10 - that means in the conveying direction X - be provided.

From the illustrated embodiments it is clear that the first rotation element 7 and the last rotation element 10 only each of a rotary element 3 of the deck 4 are immediately adjacent. The centrally arranged rotation elements 3 are each of two rotating elements 3 immediately adjacent, with the self-cleaning of the central rotation elements 3 in the illustrated embodiment by the immediately adjacent rotation elements 3 can be taken. Beginning and / or end of the deck 4 can be another rotation element 5 , in particular by 4 clarified, in addition to the penultimate rotation element 9 the self-cleaning of the last rotation element 10 take. Also on the beginning of the deck 4 can be another rotation element 5 be arranged, in particular from 5 seen. Also, the combination of the initial and end-side arrangement of the other rotation elements 5 can be performed in a further embodiment, such as, inter alia 3 seen.

It is not shown that in principle it is also possible that not only at the beginning and / or end another rotation element 5 is provided. Basically, another rotation element 5 also in the central region between the first and the last rotation element 7 . 10 in addition to the outer further rotation elements 5 or even be provided without them.

The further rotation element 5 does not serve in the illustrated embodiments Separation of the feed 2 but at least substantially fulfills the effect of the cleaning for the directly to the further rotation element 5 adjacent rotation elements 3 ,

1 shows that at least two rotation elements 3 have the same direction of rotation. In addition, the shows 1 that all rotation elements 3 have the same direction of rotation.

Out 2 it can be seen that the further rotation element 5 has the same direction of rotation as a directly to the other rotation element 5 adjacent rotation element 3 , This leads in the illustrated embodiments to the fact that both all rotation elements 3 as well as all other rotation elements 5 have the same direction of rotation.

In the illustrated embodiments, moreover, both the rotation elements 3 as well as the further rotation element 5 designed as worm shafts. Consequently, the rotation elements 3 and the further rotation element 5 a core tube 11 and a helix 12 on. The helix 12 runs spirally around the core tube 11 so that the entire rotation element 3 resembles an Archimedean screw. The helix 12 is formed web-shaped.

In further embodiments it can be provided that the individual rotation elements 3 of the deck 4 not all must be identical. In principle, it is possible that at least one rotation element 3 unlike the other rotating elements 3 can be trained. Ultimately, even all rotation elements 3 be formed different from each other. Incidentally, this also applies to the one or more rotation elements 5 , Ultimately, you just have to make sure that the coils 12 adjacent rotation elements 3 . 5 do not collide during operation.

Furthermore, it is clear from the illustrated embodiments that the coils 12 immediately adjacent rotation elements 3 mesh. This is where the spirals take hold 12 in the gap 6 a, which is between two core tubes 11 the immediately adjacent rotation elements 3 results. An arrangement of the rotation elements 3 is provided in the illustrated embodiments such that the outer edge of the helix 12 a rotation element 3 the outside of the core tube 11 of the immediately adjacent rotary element 3 faces.

Furthermore, the show 1 to 6 that the helix 12 further rotation element 5 and the spirals 12 the immediately adjacent to the further rotation element 5 rotational elements 3 mesh. The interlocking of the spirals 12 becomes particularly good based on the side view of the deck 4 in the 3 to 5 shown. The aforementioned figures show that the coils 12 the rotation elements 3 and further rotation element 5 superimpose in the side view. By the superimposition of the spirals 12 or by the intermeshing of the helices 12 the cleaning process of the worm shafts can be made possible. So become attachments of the feed 2 on the outside of the core tube 11 the rotation elements 3 effectively prevented, but at least significantly reduced. Just a possible wrapping with elongated parts of the feed 2 or a permanent adhesion of adhesive parts of the feed material 2 can be prevented so that clogging of the deck 4 and thus possibly a machine break and / or an unclean separation result of the device 1 can be prevented.

According to the in 1 and 6 shown device 1 is a one-sided mount 13 or storage of the rotation elements 3 and further rotation member 5 intended.

Not shown is that in further embodiments, the rotation elements 3 and / or the further rotation element 5 in a holder 13 are rotatably supported on both sides.

The holder 13 or the storage is at the longitudinal ends of the rotating elements 3 as this particular 1 clarified, provided. Due to the one-sided, cantilevered mount 13 the rotation elements 3 may be a drop of a fraction in the direction of the axes of rotation or in the longitudinal direction of the rotating elements 3 be provided, that is transversely and / or obliquely to the conveying direction X , In principle, of course, a fraction deposition in the direction of the axes of rotation of the rotation elements 3 be provided in a two-sided storage. In this case, it would be conceivable, this fraction above the deck 4 or from above by a suitable funding to remove or dissipate.

In the 1 and 6 are ultimately no funding for the removal of the separated in fractions feedstock 2 shown. Ultimately, it goes without saying that, for example, a conveyor belt below the deck 4 may be provided for removal of the fine grain and another conveyor belt, for example, in the conveying direction X extending to the deck 4 arranges. In addition, a conveyor belt obliquely to the conveying direction X - So in the direction of the axes of rotation of the rotating elements 3 - to be ordered. Finally, funding is placed at all points or on all areas where a dropping of a fraction of the feed 2 he follows. The arrangement and orientation of the funding depends, inter alia, on which direction the discharge should take place. The number of funding depends ultimately on the number of fractions in which the feed 2 is separated. Thus, in two fractions to be separated, two conveying means are provided, while three conveying means are accordingly provided for three fractions.

The speed of the particular designed as conveyor belts funding is dependent on the flow rate of the feed 2 and / or the feed rate of the feeder 19 vote. The loading device 19 can be a feed belt 20 have, in particular by the 1 and 6 is clarified. Both the inclination and the height of the feed belt 20 the device 1 can be configured adjustable.

Based on 1 and 6 it can be seen that the rotation elements 3 and the further rotation element 5 via a drive device 14 connected to each other. The composite takes place in the illustrated embodiments via a drive means 15 , According to 10 is the driving means 15 designed as a roller chain. The roller chain can be attached to the core tube 11 in the illustrated embodiment of a to the core tube 11 subsequent coupling region can be arranged. Through the joint connection via the roller chain or via the drive means 15 become the rotation elements 3 and the further rotation element 5 is driven with the same direction of rotation and the same angular velocity. The drive means 15 serves to drive the rotation elements 3 and the at least one further rotation element 5 ,

In addition, based on the 9 to 11 it can be seen that two immediately adjacent rotation elements 3 via a drive means 15 are connected, wherein a drive means 15 in the illustrated embodiments, only two rotational elements 3 extends. At the central rotation elements 3 are accordingly two drive means 15 arranged in the respective coupling areas. The further rotation element 5 is in the illustrated embodiment to the immediately adjacent rotation element 3 - That is, in the illustrated embodiment, the first rotation element 7 and / or the last rotation element 10 - About the two screw shafts comprehensive drive means 15 connected.

Based on 2 it becomes clear that the further rotation element 5 and the rotation element 3 at least substantially identical in construction.

Not shown is that the further rotation element 5 and at least one immediately adjacent rotation element 3 can be designed differently. It may ultimately be provided in other embodiments that the coils 12 the rotation elements 3 and the spirals 12 the other rotation elements 5 at least essentially the same web height 16 in particular, by 11 clarified. Due to the at least substantially identical design of the coils 12 can maximize coverage of the gap 6 between two immediately adjacent rotation elements 3 be achieved.

The 7 to 11 show that the rotation elements 3 may also be designed differently and in the illustrated embodiments, although the same web height 16 the coils 12 still have the core tubes 11 differ from each other by a different outer diameter. The further rotation element 5 is at least substantially identical to the last rotation element 10 and the penultimate rotation element 9 educated.

In 8th is a side view of the deck 4 shown, with the core tube 11 of the first rotation element 7 a different outer diameter than the core tube 11 of the last rotation element 10 and under the last and penultimate rotation element 10 . 9 arranged further rotation element 5 having.

Ultimately, the rotation elements 3 spaced apart from each other, in particular with reference to the detail views of 11 is apparent. By the spacing of the rotation elements 3 to each other results between immediately adjacent rotation elements 3 one space each 6 , The pure distance 17 between adjacent core tubes 11 the rotation elements 3 ultimately corresponds to the web height 16 a coil 12 plus a few millimeters. An arrangement without spacing would lead to high wear and possible damage to the device 1 to lead. A corresponding spacing is also between the further rotation element 5 and adjacent rotation elements 7 . 8th respectively. 9 . 10 intended.

In particular in 3 and 11 is the distance 17 the rotation elements 3 shown to each other, between the outer edge of the helix 12 of the rotary element 3 and the core tube 11 of the immediately adjacent rotary element 3 is provided. In 11 is in addition, as previously mentioned, the pure distance 17 the immediately adjacent rotation elements shown, with the pure distance 17 between two immediately neighboring core tubes 11 results. In the same way, there is a gap 18 further rotation element 5 to the first rotation element 7 or to the second rotation element 8th and in the same way to the penultimate rotation element 9 and the last rotation element 10 ,

Not shown is the distance 17 the rotation elements 3 formed adjustable to each other. Furthermore, it is also not shown that the distance 18 further rotation element 5 to the immediately adjacent rotation element 3 or the rotation elements 7 . 8th and or 9 . 10 is designed adjustable.

So the distances can be 17 . 18 to the feed 2 as well as to those by the feed material 2 caused load of the device 1 be adjusted. When setting the respective spacing, it must be taken into account that the smallest possible distance is required 17 . 18 an increased self-cleaning effect or a significantly improved cleanliness of the exposed outside of the core tube 11 results.

Incidentally, it is provided in the illustrated embodiments that the rotation elements 3 and the further rotation element 5 can be driven at the same angular speed. They are in the illustrated embodiment by the drive device 14 driven, allowing a synchronous operation and a constant angular velocity of the rotation elements 3 and further rotation element 5 results. This is particularly favored by the fact that the rotation elements 3 and the at least one further rotation element 5 via a drive means 15 formed in the illustrated embodiments as a roller chain, are interconnected and are therefore also driven together.

Furthermore, in particular with reference to 2 clearly that the spiral pitch of the rotary element 3 and the spiral pitch of the further rotation element 5 per 360 ° is at least substantially equal. By adjusting the phase offset and the arrangement of the helix 12 and thus the intervention of the helices 12 to each other and accordingly also the separation grain size to be changeable.

6 shows that the device 1 a separation of the feed 2 in at least two fractions. Thus, it is envisaged that an oversize fraction will be on top of the deck 4 is deposited. Another fraction - the fines fraction - can be placed between adjacent rotation elements 3 be deposited down. The fine grain fraction falls accordingly through the deck 4 through and under the deck 4 conveyed away.

6 also shows that another fraction transverse to the direction X can be conveyed away, wherein the further conveying direction along the axis of rotation or the longitudinal axis of the rotary elements 3 extends. An ejection may be via the ends of the rotating elements 3 and further rotation element 5 respectively. A wrapping with elongated feed 2 on the last rotation element 10 can be effective by the further rotation element 5 be prevented, which acts as Reinigungsrotationselement in the illustrated embodiment.

The deck 4 , which by the rotation elements 3 is formed, may be designed tiltable. Preferably, the holder 13 at which the rotation elements 3 and also the one or more rotation elements 5 are fixed, are adjusted via a tilt device. In addition, the height of the deck 4 may be designed to be adjustable in an embodiment not shown.

Furthermore, it is not shown that the deck 4 can form a curved separation surface. In the illustrated embodiments, the release surface, that is, the top of the deck 4 , at least substantially flat and / or straight. In a further embodiment, the rotation elements 3 be arranged in a curved separation surface, wherein at least three rotation elements 3 are not arranged in a common plane. Even with a curved separating surface can be provided that another rotation element 5 below the deck 4 that is below the rotation elements 3 , Can be arranged, in particular for increasing the self-cleaning of the rotating elements 3 ,

According to the method can be provided in an embodiment of the method, not shown, that the feed 2 in the conveying direction X on the through the rotation elements 3 educated deck 4 is abandoned.

In this case, the feed can 2 on the first rotation element 7 be abandoned. The feed 2 is in the conveying direction X promoted, with a fine grain fraction through the gap 6 between immediately adjacent rotation elements 3 can be deposited. An oversize fraction remains above the deck 4 and can in the conveying direction X and / or in an oblique to the conveying direction X arranged further conveying direction - in the direction of the rotational or longitudinal axis of the rotary elements 3 - be dropped.

According to the method it is provided that among the rotation elements 3 another rotation element 5 rotates. The further rotation element 5 ensures in this context to keep clean or (self-) cleaning of the rotating elements 3 and for cleaning the gap 6 or work space between two immediately adjacent rotation elements 3 of the deck 4 ,

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Device for separating

2

feed

3

rotating member

4

deck

5

another rotation element

6

gap

7

first rotation element

8th

second rotation element

9

penultimate rotation element

10

last rotation element

11

core tube

12

spiral

13

bracket

14

driving means

15

drive means

16

Base height

17

Distance rotation elements to each other

18

Distance of the further rotation element to the immediately adjacent rotation element

19

feeder

20

feed belt

X

conveying direction

Claims (11)

Device (1) for separating feed material (2), with a plurality of rotation elements (3), wherein the rotation elements (3) form a deck (4), characterized in that underneath the rotation elements (3) forming the deck (4) at least one further rotation element (5) is arranged and that the further rotation element (5) is provided for cleaning a gap (6) between two immediately adjacent rotation elements (3) of the deck (4). Device after Claim 1 , characterized in that the further rotation element (5) in the region below the deck (4) projects into the region between the first rotation element (7) and the second rotation element (8) and / or that the further rotation element (5) in the region below of the deck (4) projects into the region between the penultimate rotation element (9) and the last rotation element (10). Device after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that at least two, preferably all, rotation elements (3) have the same direction of rotation and / or that the further rotation element (5) has the same direction of rotation as the immediately adjacent rotation element (3). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotation element (3) and / or the further rotation element (5) is designed as a worm shaft and / or a core tube (11) and, in particular spirally around the core tube (11) extending, Spiral (12). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the helices (12) of directly adjacent rotation elements (3) engage and / or that the helix (12) of the further rotation element (5) and the helix (12) of at least one immediately adjacent rotation element ( 3) interlock. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotation elements (3) and / or the at least one further rotation element (5) are rotatably mounted on one side and / or on both sides in a holder (13). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotation elements (3) and the further rotation element (5) via a drive means (14) are interconnected, in particular wherein the drive means (14) at least one in particular designed as a roller chain drive means (15) for driving the rotary elements (3) and the at least one further rotary element (5). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the further rotation element (5) and the rotation element (3) are at least substantially identical in construction and / or that the helix (12) of the rotation element (3) and of the further rotation element (5) at least substantially the same web height (16). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance (17) of the rotary elements (3) is adjustable to each other and / or that the distance (18) of the further rotary element (5) to the immediately adjacent rotary element (3) is adjustable is. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive device (14) is designed such that the rotation elements (3) and the further rotation element (5) with the same, in particular synchronous, angular velocity can be driven. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spiral pitch of the rotary elements (3) and of the further rotary element (5) per 360 ° is at least substantially equal.

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