EP2605864B1 - Device for sorting difficult to screen materials - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for sorting with a plurality of mutually parallel, interlocking and with the same rotational direction in each case about their longitudinal central axes rotating screw rollers, each having at least one helical coil.

Devices for sorting the aforementioned type are known in particular under the name Spiralwellenabscheider. The range of applications of such devices is diverse and includes, for example, in addition to waste wood, biomass, commercial waste, household waste, bulky waste and monocharge such as scrap tires, steel scrap and other difficult sieve materials.

For example, it is off EP 1 570 919 B1 a device for sorting substantially solid materials is known which the preamble of claims 1 and 2 shows. In a special embodiment of this device, material to be separated is fed at a certain angle onto several spiral rollers driven in the same direction of rotation via a feed belt. The material is conveyed sideways by the roller conveyor effect in the longitudinal direction and at the same time by the spiral helix. In this case, all parts that are smaller than the structurally specified spaces between the spiral spirals fall through. Long, thin parts are driven in the direction of rotation and thick, cubic parts over the free-running shaft ends. The so-called fine grain which has fallen through the interstices can, like the two coarse materials, be transported away directly with suitable conveyor belts below the screen deck.

In a particular embodiment of this generic sorting apparatus, the spacing of the spiral rollers is adjustable relative to one another in order to be able to obtain different mold sizes of the separated fractions. However, changing the distance of the spiral rollers is technically very complicated. In particular, a drive mechanism for the spiral rollers, which allows changing the distance of the spiral rollers, extremely complicated, complicated and expensive. In addition, one is Changing the distance of the spiral rollers in the current sorting operation not provided.

Out DE 1 197 742 a device for sifting finely divided materials, in particular wood chips or cellulose pulp is known. Such devices are known as knot screens. The end DE 1 197 742 Knotensieb known consists of a plurality of parallel juxtaposed rollers, each of which is provided with a running in the manner of a screw thread groove. The grooves of the rollers are arranged such that the openings through which particles pass are arranged on a straight line which extends along the nip of the rollers. Here, the sense of winding of the groove of a roller is in each case opposite to the sense of winding of the groove of the adjacent roller. Unlike the above, out EP 1 570 919 B1 known device, the rollers have no helical spirals with flanks and do not engage the rollers into each other. The knot screen is therefore only suitable for cutting according to fixed, unchangeable size specifications, which is essentially determined by the geometry and arrangement of the screw rollers.

The EP 2 050 326 A1 relates to a sorter for a mixture of root crops and admixtures, such as rocks and clods. The sorter comprises screw rolls with intermeshing helixes. The helices of adjacent rolls form an arrow pattern with each other. The screw rollers are driven in pairs in opposite directions, so that the admixtures fall through the remaining gaps between the rollers and the respective crop is supported on the rollers in Walzenachsrichtung to a removal device. At an upstream end of the screw rollers may be arranged a Querwalzentisch over which the mixture is conveyed to the screw rollers. Another sorting device with screw rollers, the helical spirals form an arrow pattern in plan view, is from the DE 30 24 046 A1 known. Because of the orientation of the helical coils, these screw rollers are also rotationally driven in pairs in opposite directions, so that a sorted material is conveyed on the screw rollers in the roll axis direction.

It is the object of the present invention to improve a device for sorting the aforementioned type to the extent that a sorting with individually adjustable size separation is made possible, preferably an adjustability of the size separation should be possible even during the sorting operation.

The object is achieved by a device for sorting according to claim 1 or 2.

In accordance with the invention, it has been recognized that the distance of the mutually facing flanks of the helical coils of adjacent helical rolls is one of the essential variables which determine the sieve width of the device for sorting. It has been found in particular that the initially obvious assumption that an adjustment of the distance of the mutually facing flanks of the helices is therefore ineffective because an increase in the distance between a flank of a helical coil and the opposite flank of an adjacent helix simultaneously reducing the distance of the flank the helical coil relative to the offset opposite flank of the adjacent helical coil leads, so that overall, as seen in the projection, the sum of all spaces between all flanks of two adjacent helixes is always the same. However, this approach does not take into account that at the same time a transport of the material to be sorted to the screw roller ends takes place through the rotation of the screw rollers, naturally naturally to be sorted Good always rests on the side of the helical coils, which faces the free end of the screw roller. Accordingly, substantially the gaps between an edge of a first helical coil and the next edge of an adjacent helical roller, viewed in the transporting direction towards the screw roller ends, are decisive for the sieve width of the device for sorting.

In a first embodiment of the device according to the invention the distance of the mutually facing flanks of the helixes of adjacent screw rolls is effected by displacing a screw roll along its axis of rotation relative to the adjacent screw roll.

In a particularly reliable working and precisely adjustable second embodiment, the distance of the mutually facing flanks of the helixes of adjacent screw rollers by changing the rotational position of a screw roller relative to the rotational position of the adjacent screw roller is adjustable or variable.

Of course, it is also possible to form the device according to the invention such that a variation of the distance of the mutually facing flanks of the helices of adjacent screw rolls is effected both by longitudinal displacement of a screw roll along its axis of rotation, as well as by changing the rotational position of a screw roller relative to the rotational position of the adjacent screw roller ,

In a particularly advantageous embodiment in which the screw rollers are driven by means of a common belt or by means of a common chain for rotation, a change or adjustment of the distance of the mutually facing flanks of the helices of adjacent screw rolls by changing the path length of at least one strand - preferably both of the upper strand and the lower strand -, ie by changing the path length of the individual free belt or chain sections, causes. For this purpose, for example, free-running, sliding gears or rollers may be provided, which define the path and thus the path length of the respective strand within the free belt sections or within the free chain sections.

In another embodiment, in which each screw roller has its own drive, it is provided that a change in the rotational position of a screw roller relative to the rotational position of an adjacent screw roller is effected in that temporarily the rotational synchrony of the drives is temporarily canceled.

It is alternatively or in addition to the possibilities already mentioned for changing the rotational position of a screw roller relative to the rotational position the adjacent screw roller also possible that the changing of the rotational position by means of actuators is effected, which are independent of the rotational drive of the screw rollers controlled and / or regulated.

According to the invention it is also possible that the adjustment of the distance of the mutually facing flanks of the helical coils of adjacent screw rollers is effected by a hydraulically and / or pneumatically operating adjusting device.

Other objects, advantages, features and applications of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the drawings. All described and / or illustrated features alone or in any meaningful combination form the subject matter of the present invention, also independent of their summary in the claims or their dependency.

Fig. 1

eine Detaildarstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Sortieren in einer Einstellung mit mittlerer Siebweite,

Fig. 2

die Detaildarstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Sortieren bei Einstellung einer weiten Siebweite,

Fig. 3

die Detaildarstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Sortieren bei Einstellung einer engen Siebweite,

Fig. 4 bis 6

schematisch eine Möglichkeit zum Verändern des Abstandes einander zugewandter Flanken der Schraubenwendeln benachbarter Schraubenwalzen durch Veränderung der Weglängen des Ober- und Untertrums eines benachbarte Schraubenwalzen zur Rotation antreibenden Riemens.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a detailed view of a device according to the invention for sorting in a setting with medium mesh size,

Fig. 2

the detailed representation of a device according to the invention for sorting when setting a wide mesh size,

Fig. 3

the detailed representation of a device according to the invention for sorting when setting a narrow mesh size,

4 to 6

schematically a possibility for changing the distance of mutually facing flanks of the helices of adjacent screw rolls by changing the path lengths of the upper and lower strand of an adjacent screw rolls for rotation driving belt.

FIG. 1a shows in a perspective detail representation exemplarily a first A screw roller 1 and an adjacent screw roller 2 of a plurality of screw rollers of a device, not shown in total, for sorting. The first screw roller 1 has a first helical coil 3, the second screw roller 2 has a second helical coil 4. The screw rollers are arranged parallel to each other at a distance which ensures that the helices 3, 4 - not touching - intermesh. The helical coils 3, 4 have the same pitches and are oriented the same, which can be seen, inter alia, that the end 5 of the first helical coil 3 is aligned parallel and in the same direction as the end 6 of the second helical coil 4. This is in particular in the Figure 1d , which shows a plan view of the ends of the screw rollers 1, 2, clearly visible.

Figure 1d shows the screw rollers 1, 2 in the plan view and Figure 1c a sectional plane view perpendicular to the paper plane with respect to in FIG. 1 b dotted line. Crucial for the mesh size is the distance 7 between the mutually facing flanks of the helixes 3, 4.

In FIG. 2 is shown how the mesh size can be increased by increasing the distance 7 of the mutually facing flanks of the helices 3, 4 adjacent screw rollers 1, 2.

In FIG. 2a It is shown that the rotational position of the second screw roller 2 is changed relative to the rotational position of the first screw roller 1 in the direction shown by the curved arrow 8. The change in the rotational position is in the FIGS. 2a and 2d , Especially at the position of the ends 5, 6 of the screw rollers 1, 2, recognizable. The FIGS. 2b and 2c is removed that is caused by the change in the rotational position in the manner shown, an increase in the distance 7 and thus an increase in the effective screen width.

FIG. 3 shows how the distance 7 of the mutually facing edges of the helical coils 3, 4 adjacent screw rollers 1, 2 is reduced by changing the rotational position in the manner shown in the arrows 8 way. The change in the rotational position is apparent in particular from the position of the ends 5, 6 of the helices 3, 4. The FIGS. 3b and 3c clearly show how With the change of the rotational position, a reduction of the distance 7 of the mutually facing flanks of the helical coils 3, 4 of the screw rollers 1, 2 is effected.

FIG. 4a shows several helical coils 9, 10, 11, 12 at medium screen width adjustment. In FIG. 4b drive gears 13 of adjacent helical coils are shown. The drive gears 13 are rotated by means of a chain 14 in rotation. The length of the upper strand 15 and the lower strand 16 is determined by the position of a first free-wheeling gear 17 and a second free-wheeling gear 18.

• nämliche eine Verkürzung - und des Untertrums 16 - nämlich eine Verlängerung
• bewirkt werden kann. Durch die Verkürzung des Obertrums 15 und die Verlängerung des Untertrums 16 in der gezeigten Weise wird eine Veränderung der Drehstellung der Antriebszahnräder 13 und damit der mit ihnen drehfest verbundenen Schraubenwalzen, bewirkt, und zwar vorliegend in der Weise, dass eine Vergrößerung des Abstandes der einander zugewandten Flanken der Schraubenwendeln benachbarter Schraubenwalzen - und damit eine Vergrößerung der Siebweite - resultiert.

In FIG. 5b It is shown that by changing the position of the freewheeling gears 17, 18, a change in the path length of the upper run 15th

• Namely a shortening - and the lower strand 16 - namely an extension
• can be effected. By shortening the upper strand 15 and the extension of the lower strand 16 in the manner shown, a change in the rotational position of the drive gears 13 and thus rotatably connected with them screw rollers, causes, in the present case in such a way that an increase in the distance of the facing Flanks of the helices of adjacent screw rollers - and thus an increase in the mesh size - results.

In FIG. 6 is shown how by increasing the path length of the upper strand 15 and shortening the path length of the lower strand 16, a reduction of the distance of the mutually facing flanks of the helices of adjacent screw rollers - and thus a reduction of the mesh size is effected.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

first screw roller

2

second screw roller

3

first helical coil

4

second helical coil

5

End of the first helix 3

6

End of the second helix 4

7

Distance between the mutually facing edges of the screw springs 3, 4th

8th

Rotational position change

9

screw roll

10

screw roll

11

screw roll

12

screw roll

13

Drive gears

14

drive chain

15

obertrum

16

strand

17

first freewheeling gear

18

second freewheeling gear

Claims (6)

1. A device for sorting, comprising:

   (a) a plurality of helical rollers (1, 2, 9, 10, 11, 12) which each comprise at least one winding helix (3, 4) and are arranged parallel to each other at a distance which ensures that the winding helices interlock without contacting each other,

   (b) wherein the distance (7) between the mutually facing flanks of the winding helices (3, 4) of adjacent helical rollers (1, 2, 9, 10, 11, 12) can be altered,

   (c) the winding helices (3, 4) exhibit the same pitch and are identically orientated, and

   (d) wherein the helical rollers (1, 2, 9, 10, 11, 12) rotate in the same rotary direction, respectively about their longitudinal centre axes,
   characterised in that

   (e) the distance (7) can be altered and set during sorting operations of the device when the helical rollers (1, 2, 9, 10, 11, 12) are rotating,

   (f) wherein the distance (7) can be altered by shifting one helical roller (1, 2, 9, 10, 11, 12) along its rotational axis relative to the adjacent helical roller.
2. A device for sorting, comprising:

   (a) a plurality of helical rollers (1, 2, 9, 10, 11, 12) which each comprise at least one winding helix (3, 4) and are arranged parallel to each other at a distance which ensures that the winding helices interlock without contacting each other,

   (b) wherein the distance (7) between the mutually facing flanks of the winding helices (3, 4) of adjacent helical rollers (1, 2, 9, 10, 11, 12) can be altered,

   (c) the winding helices (3, 4) exhibit the same pitch and are identically orientated, and

   (d) wherein the helical rollers (1, 2, 9, 10, 11, 12) rotate in the same rotational direction, respectively about their longitudinal centre axes,
   characterised in that

   (e) the distance (7) can be altered and set during sorting operations of the device when the helical rollers (1, 2, 9, 10, 11, 12) are rotating,

   (f) wherein the distance (7) can be altered by altering the rotational position of one helical roller (1, 2, 9, 10, 11, 12) relative to the rotational position of an adjacent helical roller.
3. The device according to Claim 2, characterised in that the rotational position can be altered by altering the path length of the strand (15, 16) of a belt or chain which drives adjacent helical rollers (1, 2, 9, 10, 11, 12) to rotate.
4. The device according to Claim 2, characterised in that each helical roller (1, 2, 9, 10, 11, 12) comprises a drive of its own, and the rotational position can be altered by momentarily suspending rotational synchronicity.
5. The device according to any one of Claims 2 to 4, characterised in that the rotational position can be altered with the aid of actuating motors which can be controlled and/or regulated independently of the rotary drive of the helical rollers (1, 2, 9, 10, 11, 12).
6. The device according to any one of Claims 2 to 5, characterised in that an adjustment is provided which operates hydraulically and/or pneumatically.

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