DD298772A5 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von grossformatigen formkoerpern geringer dichte durch blaehen - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von grossformatigen formkoerpern geringer dichte durch blaehen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DD298772A5 DD298772A5 DD90340998A DD34099890A DD298772A5 DD 298772 A5 DD298772 A5 DD 298772A5 DD 90340998 A DD90340998 A DD 90340998A DD 34099890 A DD34099890 A DD 34099890A DD 298772 A5 DD298772 A5 DD 298772A5
- Authority
- DD
- German Democratic Republic
- Prior art keywords
- clay
- mass
- clay mass
- zone
- swelling
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title abstract description 38
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 224
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000015076 Shorea robusta Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000166071 Shorea robusta Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001007 puffing effect Effects 0.000 description 35
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 9
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010000060 Abdominal distension Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical class OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWCPKKUXENYVPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])=O Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])=O JWCPKKUXENYVPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003287 bathing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000024330 bloating Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002468 ceramisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052595 hematite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011019 hematite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010327 methods by industry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
- F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path
- F27B9/24—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path being carried by a conveyor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/50—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles of expanded material, e.g. cellular concrete
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
- F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path
- F27B9/24—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path being carried by a conveyor
- F27B9/2407—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path being carried by a conveyor the conveyor being constituted by rollers (roller hearth furnace)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D2003/0034—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
- F27D2003/0067—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities comprising conveyors where the translation is communicated by friction from at least one rotating element, e.g. two opposed rotations combined
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
- F27M2003/00—Type of treatment of the charge
- F27M2003/09—Expanding the charge, e.g. clay
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
- Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3917282A DE3917282C1 (enExample) | 1989-05-27 | 1989-05-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DD298772A5 true DD298772A5 (de) | 1992-03-12 |
Family
ID=6381509
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DD90340998A DD298772A5 (de) | 1989-05-27 | 1990-05-25 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von grossformatigen formkoerpern geringer dichte durch blaehen |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5151228A (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP0400329B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPH0319803A (enExample) |
| AT (1) | ATE96367T1 (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR9002468A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2014406A1 (enExample) |
| DD (1) | DD298772A5 (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE3917282C1 (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES2045625T3 (enExample) |
| NO (1) | NO902312L (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1996002862A1 (en) * | 1994-07-15 | 1996-02-01 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Head-up display apparatus, liquid crystal display panel and production method thereof |
| IT1308878B1 (it) * | 1999-04-28 | 2002-01-11 | De Fatis Stefano Tabarelli | Procedimento per ottenere manufatti solidi di schiuma di argilla daimpiegare nell'edilizia, e prodotti relativi. |
| GB2360241A (en) * | 2000-03-14 | 2001-09-19 | Raj Chandrakant Mehta | A method of and a plant for producing products from a plastics composition |
| US6786256B2 (en) | 2001-05-15 | 2004-09-07 | Yukihiro Sugawara | Table cover providing functional napkins |
| US6964809B2 (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2005-11-15 | Pedro M. Buarque de Macedo | Large high density foam glass tile |
| US7311965B2 (en) * | 2003-07-22 | 2007-12-25 | Pedro M. Buarque de Macedo | Strong, high density foam glass tile having a small pore size |
| US8453400B2 (en) * | 2003-07-22 | 2013-06-04 | Pedro M. Buarque de Macedo | Prestressed, strong foam glass tiles |
| US7695560B1 (en) | 2005-12-01 | 2010-04-13 | Buarque De Macedo Pedro M | Strong, lower density composite concrete building material with foam glass aggregate |
| ITMI20071281A1 (it) * | 2007-06-26 | 2008-12-27 | Gilanberry Trading Ltd | Apparecchiatura e metodo per la formatura in continuo di un elemento continuo di materia plastica espansa, impianto comprendente detta apparecchiatura ed elemento costruttivo di materia plastica espansa |
| CN116857946B (zh) * | 2023-07-21 | 2024-08-13 | 含山南方水泥有限公司 | 一种水泥回转窑生产用窑头防进气的密封装置 |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1145982B (de) * | 1960-03-03 | 1963-03-21 | Rudolf Mician | Mit Programmsteuerung versehenes, automatisch arbeitendes Giess- und Reifungs-feld fuer Gassilikaterzeugungsanlagen |
| DE1459396A1 (de) * | 1963-12-12 | 1969-02-20 | Ytong Internat Ab | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Porenbeton |
| DE1942524B2 (de) * | 1969-08-21 | 1971-12-02 | Grunzweig & Hartmann AG, 6700 Lud wigshafen | Verfahren zur herstellung thermisch geschaeumter formteile |
| BE759479A (fr) * | 1969-11-26 | 1971-05-26 | Dow Chemical Co | Procede de fabrication d'argile expansee et produit ainsi obtenu |
| DE2058789B1 (de) * | 1970-11-30 | 1971-11-11 | Aichelin Fa J | Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von keramisch gebundenen Koerpern aus Blaehton |
| DE2537508C3 (de) * | 1975-08-22 | 1980-06-26 | Joachim Dr.-Ing. 7251 Warmbronn Wuenning | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung strangformiger Formkörper zellenartiger Struktur aus einem sinterfahigen Granulat |
| JPS57178807A (en) * | 1981-04-30 | 1982-11-04 | Asahi Chemical Ind | Method and device for manufacturing foamed shape |
| JPS57178806A (en) * | 1981-04-30 | 1982-11-04 | Asahi Chemical Ind | Device for manufacturing foamed shape |
| DE3635672A1 (de) * | 1986-10-21 | 1988-04-28 | Sigismund Prof Dr Kienow | Verfahren zur herstellung von wasserdichten und poroesen keramischen formkoerpern |
| AU592279B2 (en) * | 1987-05-22 | 1990-01-04 | Intelhearts Co. Ltd. | Method of producing a porous ceramic panel |
| JPH01198304A (ja) * | 1988-02-04 | 1989-08-09 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | セラミック発泡体成形パネルの製造方法 |
-
1989
- 1989-05-27 DE DE3917282A patent/DE3917282C1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-04-11 CA CA002014406A patent/CA2014406A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-04-27 AT AT90108010T patent/ATE96367T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-04-27 ES ES90108010T patent/ES2045625T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-04-27 EP EP90108010A patent/EP0400329B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-24 JP JP2135127A patent/JPH0319803A/ja active Pending
- 1990-05-25 DD DD90340998A patent/DD298772A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-05-25 BR BR909002468A patent/BR9002468A/pt unknown
- 1990-05-25 US US07/529,234 patent/US5151228A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-25 NO NO90902312A patent/NO902312L/no unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0400329A3 (de) | 1991-09-11 |
| EP0400329B1 (de) | 1993-10-27 |
| ES2045625T3 (es) | 1994-01-16 |
| EP0400329A2 (de) | 1990-12-05 |
| DE3917282C1 (enExample) | 1990-05-23 |
| JPH0319803A (ja) | 1991-01-29 |
| US5151228A (en) | 1992-09-29 |
| CA2014406A1 (en) | 1990-11-27 |
| BR9002468A (pt) | 1991-08-13 |
| NO902312L (no) | 1990-11-28 |
| NO902312D0 (no) | 1990-05-25 |
| ATE96367T1 (de) | 1993-11-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| ENJ | Ceased due to non-payment of renewal fee |